SOCIAL SUPERVISION Y IN COLLEGE See Page 4 *b Lw. ~trta Seventy Years of Editorial Freedom VOL. LXXI, No. 112 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, MARCH 11, 1961 Seek To Prevent School Aid Bias WASHINGTON (P)-The National Association for, the Advance- ment of Colored People yesterday urged the Senate education subcom- mittee to include an anti-segregation provision in the school aid bill. Clarence Mitchell, director of NAACP's Washington bureau, did. not get much support from the subcommittee members although he won many expressions of sympathy. Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore), the subcommittee chairman, said he believed fully in the principle advocated by Mitchell and would sup- port civil rights legislation designed to help carry out the Supreme Court's 1954 school integration decision. Fears Defeat But Morse said he feels that an amendment denying funds to' atates which maintain segregated schools should not be put in the nion Snubs Return Visit B y' iarrison Joseph Harrson, local resident and real estate salesman who was ousted from the Michigan Unioh Grill Wednesday afternoon, ap- peared at the MUG last night at 9:45 and remained about 25 min- utes. Although Harrison's action was in direct opposition to Union gen- eral manager Franklin Kuenzel's. directive that he "stay out of the Union," neither the manager nor other Union representative asked Harrison to leave. Harrison's wife and small ,son accompanied him, as he sat drink- ing coffee with friends. He plans to visit the MUG again on Mon- day. No other incidents arose during the evening in ' the MUG which was filled with couples attending Little Club and -the Military Ball. Harrison was the center of con- troversy Wednesday over the ejec- tion of non-members from the MUG. In its statement Thursday night, the 'Union Board of Direc- tors said 'It will. continue -to be dedicated to furthering the pur- poses of the University it can best serve. U .S .-Cban 'WASHINGTON VP) The Ken- nedy -Administration yesterday chopped off an important remain- ing segment of American exports to Cuba. The action came as the Presi- dent also was; reported to be con- sidering a move to end American purchases from Cuba, which have been putting dollars into the pockets of the Fidel Castro regime. In yesterday's action, the ad- ministration issued an order which officials said is designed mainly to cut off shipments 'of American cattle, baby chicks, poultry and hatching eggs to Cuba. The Eisenhower 'Administration, in its economic crackdown im- posed after lengthy disputes with the Castro government, imposed an embargo on most American shipments to Cuba last October, ' but excluded food and medicine. Washington authorities said yes- terday that the extension of the embargo to cattle, poultry and eggs did not stray from the or- iginal intent to allow food to con- tinue to the Cubans. They said. the cattle and poultry had been used by Cuba for breeding, rather than eating. LSA Off ica Ask for Data On Pro rams school bill because it might well defeat the legislation. "I feel it would be most un- fortunate to add a civil rights amendment to the bill because I want to try to get principle of federal aid to education written into law," he said. Both Mitchell and Sen. Jacob K. Javits (R-NY), assailed Presi- dent John F. Kennedy and his ad- ministration for not pushing ahead with both executive orders and legislative proposals on civil rights. Official Confident Mitchell was among 14 witnesses scheduled as the subcommittee moved into its third day of hear- ings on the administration's $2.3 billion school aid bill. The NAACP official told a re- porter he was confident he would find some senator to offer an anti- segregation amendment. Sen. Joseph S. Clark (D-P'a), told Mitchell he sympathized strongly with his position but be- lieved that, if such a provision were written into the bill, it might be filibustered to death. Mitchell said he believed the fili- buster threat was a smokescreen and a phoney. China iPlans Under 'Study WASHINGTON (A) - United States strategists are hoping to stave off a possible defeat at the United Nations next fall on the question of seating Communist China by supporting any UN move which would guarantee the free- dom and independence of an in- ternationalized Formosa. In supporting the idea of an in- ternationalized Formosa, Ameri- can officials have considered this country has borne the burden of its defense almost singlehandedly for a long time. If the UN Joined in guaranteeing the defense of the island from outside attack, it would spread that burden of de- fense. 'Such a plan has been 'suggested by former British PrimeMinister Clement Atlee but was roundly denounced as unacceptable by both Communist China and Na- tionalist China. Chinese Communist Premier Chou En-Lai , has gone further, stating that Peiping would not ac- cept a seat at the UN so long as Formosa is not handed over to mainland authorities. Both President John F. Kenne- dy and Secretary of State Dean Rusk made clear at successive news conferences this week that the United States has no intention of backing away from treaty commit- ments to defend Formosa in event of an attack from the Red main- land. At the same time, British Com- monwealth Prime Ministers meet- ing in London have increased pressure for seating Communist China at the United Nations next fall. It is the prevailing view, how- ever, that Britain would -not agree7 to any solution of the China prob- lem that involved turning over Formosa to the Chinese Commu-I nists.I UNAction Protested By Congo TANANARIVE, Malagasy Re- public (A) - Congolese political leaders protested to the United Nations last night against India's decision to send a combat brigade to the Congo. They predicted the move would aggravate tensions. (At New Delhi, India's Defense Minister V. K. Krishna Menon said India is sending a full brigade of about 5,000 men to the Congo "to fight for the very existence of the UN." (At UN headquarters in New York informants said seven more Asian and African nations are considering sending a total of 4,- 000 troops to the Congo.) The Congolese leaders, attend- ing a roundtable conference aim- ed at settling their nation's politi- cal problems, said in a telegram ,to UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold they were indig- See earlier story Page 3 nant that the-decision to send the Indian troops had been taken "unilaterally" by the UN. (The troops were volunteered byIndia.) The telegram added: "If Indian troops are sent to the Congo, the UN will be respon- sible for the aggravation of ten- sion between their civil and mili- tary officials on one side and the Congolese population on the oth- er." ' The Congo leaders also demand- ed suspension of the Security Council resolution of Feb. 21 au- thorizing the UN Congo command to use force if necessary to pre- vent a civil war. The Congolese have said they fear implementation of the reso- lution would lead to disarming of Congolese army units. All the Congo's chief political leaders except Antoine Gizenga are attending the conference. Gizen- ga's Stanleyville regime is sup- ported by the Communist bloc and some African neutrals. In other action, the conference tentatively agreed to establish Leo- poldville as a federal district for a future Congolese confederation. To GULICK ENDS SERIES: Urges Joint Work on City Ills Governor Coordinate By PHILIP SHERMAN Luther Gulick yesterday called for federal leadership in the solu- tion of the "metropolitan prob- lem." Local, state and federal govern- ments all have responsibilities he argued, 'but there are inherent constitutional reasons which de- mand that the national govern- ment, based on the national 'con- stituency, "must take the lead" in development of the joint work the three must take in the cities. The President should initiate meetings of state and local offi- cials from each metropolitan area to develop cooperation. Concludes Lectures Concluding his William W. Cook Lectures on American Institutions, Gulick, who is president of the Institute of Public Administration in New York, presented a final "Action Program" to a Rackham Amphitheatre audience. (His appeal came the day after, President John F. Kennedy sent proposals to Congress for federal action in urban areas. "He gave them the same lecture that I gave you," Gulick said.) He described the three major urban problems, said they could be solved by all three levels of government working as a team. Cities Fail Item: Local metropolitan gov- ernment has failed "to extend high standard governmental protec- tions and services to the spreading settlements of homes and econom- ic enterprises." Item: It has failed to produce goals and action programs for the metropolitan community as a whole. Item: It has failed to develop democratic representative machin- ery for the local units of a metro- politan area to work together. Provide Teamwork Some of the special needs of metropolitan populations for area- wide teamwork can be provided without destroying the real func- tions of existing local units eith- er by state assumption of "metro- politan" activities or in general local metropolitan agencies with defined area-wide powers. In most cases, the latter solu- tion is preferable. There will be problems, Gulick said, "but driving along the lines which are now being pioneered, it will be possible for us to develop effective teamwork-machinery and Hint Let-up In Recession WASHINGTON (T)-Two gov- ernment agencies yesterday re- ported signs indicating that the recession may be tapering off. The Labor Department said the winter-long climb in the number of workers drawing unemployment compensation benefits edged downward during the week ended Feb. 25. About the same time, the Com- merce Department said a prelim- inary check showed a slight up- turn--about 1 per cent-in retail sales last month. February sales, at $15.1 billion, still were about 1.5 per cent be- low February a year ago, after ad- justment for seasonal variations and other factors. The Labor Department said job- lessness among workers insured for benefits declined 13,500-to a new total of 3,408,000-in the week ended Feb. 25-the first such drop since October. The department's Employment Security Bureau said that although there was a slight decline from from the prior week's record 3,- 422,300 total, the Feb. 25 figure still represents a record jobless volume for this time of the year. The rate of unemployment among all workers insured for jobless benefits was 8.4 per cent during the Feb. 25 week. This compares with a 5.5 per cent rate and 2,155,800 volume for the com- parable week in 1960. Twenty states reported declines in the number of workers- drawing idle benefits. This list was led by Michigan, where the bureau re- ported a substantial 34,400 decline but attributed it to the fact more, auto workers were employed dur- ing the Feb. 25 week. habits of work and thought, by which metropolitan populations will not only solve their big serv- ice problems but will also evolve goals for community action to guide both their governments and their private enterprises." Tasks Remain Existing local governments will still have tasks the area wide units will not carry out, Gulick said, including their traditional functions assigned by the state, development of community con- sensus on metropolitan goals and providing "grass roots" coordina- tion of federal state and local pro- grarns. "There is no governmental or political instrument which prom- ises so much in big city areas as assigning to the local level of our constitutional system the respon- sibility for keeping an eye on the cooperative results achieved." States .should encourage inter- governmental service contracts and consolidation of local gov- .ernments and establish offices of local government affairs. t "The federal government must now frankly recognize- that the national government has a major stake in, and a responsibility for, metropolitan developments, must co-ordinate its own programs more efectively as they bear on the big urban areas, and must work posi- tively with the states and the lo- calities, to help meet America's rising urban needs. DUKE, NCC: Professors Demonstrate At Segrega ted Theaters DURHAM, N.C. (WP)-Twenty-five faculty members from Duke Uni- versity and North Carolina College joined with students from the two colleg'es last night in picketing theatres which practice segregation. The faculty members were from a group of 250 who signed a reso- lution earlier this week condemning segregation at movie houses. The resolution was signed by 138 Duke faculty members and 124 from Nortl Carolina College, a state-owned Negro college. Duke University, CHICAGO (P)-Four organiza- tions in the health field have or- ganized a commission to promote voluntary non-profit prepayment health plans. Dr. James Z. Appel of Lancas- ter, Pa., representing the Ameri- can Medical Association, was named chairman for one year at a recent organizational meeting in Chicago. Other associations represented on the commission are the Ameri- can Hospital Association, the Blue Cross Association and the National Association of Blue Shield Plans. During Appel's term of office the AMA will provide staff for the commission. Appel said the specific purpose of the commission is to. consoli- date and strengthen efforts of the four participating groups into a maximum development of volun- tary, non-profit, prepayment con- cepts "in providing sound financ- ing of health care for the Ameri- can people." Cuba Orders Morgan Shot HAVANA (M)-A Cuban military tribunal last night convicted Maj. William A Morgan of helping re- bels trying to overthrow the Cas- tro regime and sentenced him to death by firing squad. The Cuban defense attorney for the American adventurer announc- ed early today he had appealed and said, "Hope is not lost." The attorney, Luis Carro, said he was told the appeal arguments would be heard this morning. Military appeals courts seldom reverse sentences handed down by Castro revolutionary tribunals. one of the nation's most heavily, privately endowed colleges, is sup- ported by the North Carolina Methodist Church. The Rev. J. Neal Hughley, of North Carolina College, chairman of the liaison committee for the faculty group, said "this picketing by the faculty is not a one-time shot. It will be a continuous thing as far as we are concerned." Professors from the Negro col- lege began the picketing at 4 p.m. The Duke faculty members joined in the march at 7 p.m. The group then handed out a statement which said that the group did not represent any organization or the institutions for which they work. ".,we speak merely as 'Ameri- can citizens and as citizens of Dur- ham, but with the conviction that thousands more in the city feel as we do," the statement said. PREFERS CAMPUSES: Odetta Finds College Youth R Ne roes To Boycott Stores In Carolina Through Easter ROCK HILL, S.C. (A)-A mass Negro rally voted solidly here last night to boycott all stores on Rock Hill's Main Street for a period of 30 days, extending through the, Easter shopping season. The rally, predominantly of adults, also was told that four Negro girls will seek admission to Winthrop College, the\ South Carolina woman's college, in September. No details or names were given on the attempt to integrate Winthrop. James Farmer of New York City, national director of the Congress of R a c i a l Equality (CORE), said at least four Negroes would apply for admission. The decision to boycott Main esp o n -1/1 + Street businesses was adopted by esponsive a standing vote of the approxi- mately 400 persons attending. But of the medium for which The boycott is to begin inmedi- she is best known, she says, "I ately and will include all busi- like the great freedom to inter- pret. There are boundaries accord- nesses on Main Street. A Negro ing to whatever song one does, but boycott of the same area has been within these boundaries there is a in effect on Fridays and Saturdays world of room for individual ex- during recent weeks. pression.' The rally, followed by a dance, Noting one of the trends among was staged in honor of 13 students certain artists toward the revision who recently served 30 day jail Of all the mediums open to a folksinger, for Odetta, the favorite is a college. campus. After her concert at Ann Arbor High School last night, she said, "A college campus is the most live place. The kids are active physi- cally and mentally. "If they like something, they are not in a position in the com- "You can sing most anything, anywhere," she added. "Most sing- ers do the same songs in churches, in clubs and on campuses." The Alabama-born, Los Angeles reared singer began her training with the intention of becoming a concert artist. One evening she went to a party and heard folk singing. She found herself so in-