Seventy-First Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
here Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

RSDAY, MARCH 9, 1961

NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP SHERMAN


Devaluation of Mark
And U.S. Gold Flow

PPRQXIMATELY six mon~ths ago the United
States government came to the startling
lization that the balance of trade, which is
mportant in the bookkeeping of nations, had
denly shifted to the favor of the foreign
utries with whom we had been dealing. The
ult? A new topic of daily American con-_
sation on the "gold flow."
knd in the midst of this realization, various
>posals were presented for the solution of
s national fiscal dilemma. While some dis-
led the situation as merely temporary and
bout meaning in terms of national economic
bility, others proposed radical and hastily
ceived plans to alleviate the problem.
'hese measures included the immediate recall
dependents of United States military forces
mn abroad and the complete slashing of all
n-essential" (non-military) foreign aid. An
rease in limitations on counterpart foreign
funds was proposed, which would have
ced nations to spend more of these grants
the United States. Restrictions on personal
ital outflow from the United States and lim-
ions on foreign investments were also sug-
ted.
N THE OTHER HAND; the individual efforts
of Americans were utilized to prevent the
essity of drastic governments actions. Private
ustries were exhorted to concentrate more
their expansion at home and to stimulate
te trade with the United States. Even the
'ernment took steps to explain the need for
ividual initiative in solving the financial
3cit, and government efforts were made to
elerate U.S. exports.
Chen-President Dwight D. Eisenhower, act-
with calm resolution, sent U.S. Treasury,
cials overseas to consult with foreign gov-
ments to determine a mutually satisfactory
ution to the gold flow from our country. The
ilts at first were disheartening and it sp-
EXpert
HE ARTICULATE Barry Goldwater drew
heavy applause in an otherwise calm ad-
ss at Michigan State University Tuesday
en he told delighted conservatives that Soapy
lihams "can't possibly get Africa into the
ne type of trouble it took him 12 years to
Michigan I."
Zeferring to Williams "Africa for Africans"
tement, conservatism's primary spokesman
ed that Kennedy now has to send a peace
ps to help the former Michigan governor.
lontinuing in his all-American fun-loving
rit, Goldwater noted that Williams should
re had no doubt about his future prior to the
etion, because "Dick Nixon was going to
d Mennen to Africa, anyway."
rSt when his statements were exposed to
uttal from the always "surprising" number
liberals who attend his lectures, once again
dwater collapsed.
questioner who identified himself as a
ident of a British colony asked the Sena-
just who he thought Africa should be for-
British? the Dutch? the Americans? Who?'
fr. Conservatism could "answer" the ques-
n only by ignoring it and by stating that
"couldn't comment intelligently" on a ques-
n about which 20 minutes before he was ex-
t enough to ridicule an American assistant
retary of State.
-HARVEY MOLOTCH

peared stronger and more radical measures
might be taken. Eisenhower spurned these al-
ternatives, although recall of military depend-
ents did appear imminent.
WHEN JOHN F. KENNEDY took office as
President, he affirmed that he would con-
tinue the Eisenhower policies in stopping the
gold shortage and would continue rational con-
sultation with foreign nations. The North At-
lantic Treaty Organization members were the
primary targets for United States pleas but
rebuff followed rebuff and one nebulous prom-
ise of future action after another fell upon the
ears of officials and our ambassadors. France,
Britain and Germany . . . all either rejected
the pleas or proposed unworkable solutions.
THEN, WHEN MUCH of the national emo-
tional hysteria that accompanied the first
stories of the shortage had cleared away, ra-
tional consultation began to make its point.
While there was no action forthcoming from
our allies immediately, now West Germany
reacts with a revaluation of the mark which
according to economists, will ease the pressure
on the American dollar and help the Untied
States gold shortage. It raises the value of the
mark from 23.8 cents to 25 cents.
T HE CHANGE would make an American dol-
lar worth less in terms of German marks
and thus Americans would have to spend more
to buy a German-made article than before,
providing German manufacturers do not pro-
portionately reduce their prices. The mark re-
valuation, of course, mean fewer imports on
the part of U.S. citizens, while increasing
the purchasing power of Germans buying
American-made goods. The increase in trade
may return the United States to a favorable
trade balance and greater economic stability.
Only several days ago, Kennedy announced
that the United States had not suffered a net
gold outflow in trade with foreign countries,
another indication of recovery.
There is mixed and generally cautious opin-
ion among economists on the ultimate value
of the revaluation by Germany. Perhaps in
terms of the entire complicated structure of
world trade and national economic stability,\
the act is insignificant. However, many experts
seem to feel that it will help stem our gold
outflow. The move on the part of the German
government should prove that our allies can,
be receptive to our problems after many years
of being on, the other end of the economic
squeeze.
AMERICAN concern over the effectiveness of
Inter-nation cooperation and consultation.
has been apparent. The results have in the,
majority of cases proven disappointing for the
U.S. However, this decision on the part of
Germany to increase the value of the mark by
five per cent has demonstrated a receptiveness
to U.S. problems that cannot entirely be dis-
missed on the grounds of German self-interest.
While it may be true that revaluation will serve
to hold down Germany's inflationary economy,
consideration of the United States trade im-
balance also played a significant part in the
decision. Should other European allies follow
the move of Germany, the cooperation between
nations in the North Atlantic community would
be -a certainty and would prove that. inter-na-
tion consultation can be fruitful in combatting
a domestic crisis.
-MICHAEL BURNS

"Hi, Cousin-How Are Things At The Club?"
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Quakers Protest Ball
with Peace Vigil

S r., '
..
. :- *riyy .

'all

THE ASIAN STUDENT:
India and Communist China

While the latest word from Mos-
cow is heartening to countries
outside the Communist orbit, the
subsequent actions of the Com-
munist countries, including Coin-
munist China, will be watched
with interest. This is particularly

true of India, where last week the
problems of relations with her
neighbor were brought out in the
open despite the reluctance of the
government to discuss them.
Speaking in the Lok Sabha
(Lower House), Prime Minister

INTERPRETING THE NEWS:

-

Nehru returns to UN
Pressed, Uncommitted,


By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
INDIA RETURNS TO the United
Nations General Assembly with
an enhanced aura of leadership
among the ex-colonial and un-
committed nations.
She has spurned the blandish-
ments of the Soviet Union and
made one powerful commitment---
to the United Nations way.
Just how much pressure Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru has
been under from Premier Nikita
Khrushchev is not known, except
that it has been considerable. To
whatever degree the pressure was
on in the recent, correspondence
between the two, to that degree
is the Indian offer of 3,000 troops
to the UN Congo force a defeat
for the Communist leader.

Lecture Courses Sterile

IAT THE NOTE-TAKING service was a
symptom of the sterility of large lecture sec-'
.s has been pretty well hashed over.
hat cheatng occurs in large lectures of re-
ed underclass courses has been ascertained.
1, if the course is organized and reasonably
resting, students manage to struggle their
ed way through. They recognize that these
rses are a necessary price for attending a
e university.
nthropology 31 (biological anthropology)
fenced all the symptoms of a large sterile
ure early in the semester. Attendance was
note-taking services raked in cash hand
r first and cheating was rampant.
IE PROBLEM? The lecturer, admittedly an
expert research man in the field, was incap-
of communicating with many beginning
lents. He was so far above the layman that
n the teaching fellows found the course
cult to explain in recitation.
here seemed to be no common ground in,
course as taught by the lecturer and the
:hing fellows, let alone meaningful com-
iication with the student. Yet tests covered
I~3* *3a I~

the points in lecture; one guessed or argued
and hopefully passed the exams.
The crime lay in the fact, that the majority
of people in the course were forever turned
away from the interesting and valuable fields
of anthropology and genetics. In addition, four.
hours a week of over six hupdred students were
wasted, if they went.
ARE SUCH COURSES really a necessary
evil in a large University? Cannot the
University see that some courses are sterile as
they are and must be changed? The evaluation
sheets passed out last semester did no good in
this case, as few students attended recitation
to do them.
Individual students meet the problem of
course evaluation through individual courses.
They gripe in Astronomy 11 and 12, in geology,
in zoology,, in political science, sociology and
psychology.
They do not register organized disapproval
for fear of a harder course. They fear a harder
course because they are not challenged and
therefore dislike the discipline.
INTRODUCTORY COURSES MAY be a stu-
dent's only contact with an area of study. It'
should be personal and searching to leave an
impression on a student. A lecture of 700 does
not attain this, especially when its impact
depends on one man and his personality.
Neither do the multiple guess and objective
amai w.a,'l-rl y ana macin 'a

IT IS IN similar degree a vic-
tory for Secretary-General Dag
Hammarskjold and for that group
of nations which cling to the
United Nations as their agency for
peace and seek to hold it above
the cold war.
It will be interesting now to see
whether the Soviet Union will
continue to fly in the face of
these nations with her campaign
against Hammarskjold and her
attempt to replace the Secretary-
General's office with an adminis
trative committee of three, one
of whom would have veto power
over methods of implementing the
will of the general assembly.
To the extent which the Indian
action will solidify the opposition.
to such a proposal, to that extent
does it become more far reaching
than its direct effect in the Con-
go.
NEHRU ALREADY had indicat-
ed willingness to send a few hun-
dred combat troops in addition to
the staff -and organizational force
already there. Khrushcheb is be-
lieved to have complained. He got
one of the nost positive replies
ever given by :one the neutrals.
For a nation like India, engaged
Escape
RAFT EXEMPTION for service
in a peace corps would "un-
dermine our Selective Service sys-
disrepute" and would be "com-
pletely alien to our heritage" as it
Certainly, we do not have to
wrecC our whole concept of a

in disputes with Red China and
Pakistan, committed to the de-
fense of small countries lying be-
tween her and Red China, sending
away 3,000 troops merely to back
a principle is a major act.
It represents an important ten-
dency among the uncommitted
nations to form a third force, to
be interposed in the United Na-
tions, between the two cold'-war
forces which might get the world
into a war.
TAYLOR:
Youth
And th 'U'
"OfUR PROBLEM AS educators
in the 1960s, in relating the
individual to his world, is to deal
directly with the going concerns
of contemporary youth. We must
take seriously the kind of truth
these young people are bringing to
us, even though in larme areas it
is a negative truth which to many
people seems to be the symbol of
apathy and the sign of failure of
American youth.
If this be the case, what are
some of the values and ideas
which can be used to move educa-
tion and American culture in a
different direction?
The present state of the aca-
demic organization is something
which I deplore. I believe sincerely
that the universities--those hav-
ing 25,000-40,000 students-are
simply organizations for dissemi-
nating information. I see the con-
temporary American university as
a huge lecture room furnished
with a corporation desk behind
which sits the academic man, dis-
pensing subject matter to the
student at as high a salary as he
can command.
* * *-
THE STUDENT, IN turn, is
soaking up information like a
sponge, then is researched by psy-
chologists, then becomes a symbol
in a national testing program, but
is never taken seriously as an in-
dividual human being. This pro-
duces certain consequences in
terms of what is learned.
Sometimes I feel that we are
teaching students now not to be
themselves but how to cover it up.
It is like the aspect of real life
where people read only the book
reviews and then talk to each
other about the books.
Most education is like that--

Jawaharlal Nehru had some very
harsh things to say about the
Peiping regime. But not, appar-
ently, because he wished to at this
time. Rather, he was forced into
the situation.
*, * *
MR. NEHRU'S remarks came in
the course of a debate from which
Communist China had been delib-
erately excluded. Once in every
session of Parliament, the govern-
ment initiates a debate on foreign
affairs when every subject bearing
on international relations is in-
cluded. During the current session,
however, the government motion
was, for the first time, differently
worded to, limit discussion to the
recent United Nations General As-
sembly session in which India
worked for an early meeting be-
tween the United States and So-
viet heads of government. The
question of India's relations with
her gargantuan neighbor was ig-
nored. Mr. Nehru himself, in his
opening speech, turned the spot-
light on the Congo.
But the government attempt to
exclude Communist China 'from
the debate failed. Both Congress
and opposition iembers referred
again and again to the growing
number of border incidents, in-
cluding unauthorized flights over
Indian territory.
On the second day of the debate,
Defense Minister Krishna Mennon
brought the red herring out again
by a long speech on the cross-
currents in the UN. Mr. Nehru
himself began with another log
reference to the Congo and ad-
mitted that the government had
deliberately kept Communist
China out. of the debate in view
of the 1'delicate" situation. Then,
quite suddenly, the whole picture
changed. The Prime Minister
brushed aside the references to
Tibet and border incidents and
got to what he felt was the core
of the matter.
THE REAL PROBLEM, Mr. Ne-
hru said, was Communist China's
"attitude." "The Chinese govern-
ment's policy basically does not
accept the concepts of co-exist-
ence even though they say they
accept it. If they think that war
is more or less inevitable in a
world which is part capitalist and
part socialist or communist, then
that presents a type of picture
which is rather alarming. That
means our living in a state of
semi-war all the time, in intense
cold war, with the prospect some-
times or other of its breaking into
a full war. As I understand it,
that is not the attitude of the
Soviet government."
This was a "dangerous ideologi-
cal attitude" on the part of Pei-
ping, Mr. Nehru said. "Therefore,
this dangerous situation arises
against which we have to be pre-
pared whatever the cost we may
have to pay for it.
DEFINING POLICY in these
terms the Prime Minister dis-
closed that India had already
started work on a big program of
improving border communications
from the strategic point of view.
Mr. Nehru stopped there, but re-
ports have appeared in the Indian

To the Editor:
A YEAR AGO on the occasion of
the Military Ball, the Peace-
maker's Prance was held to give
the expression of the view that
force and violent power is not the
way to bring world peace. Events
over the past year give cause for
a more serious response to the
military ideology which continues
to fail as a path to a better 'world.
With this in mind, a traditional
Quaker silent meeting will be held
on Friday night for those who
support the belief that peace can
only be achieved through peace-
ful, loving means. There are no
religious restrictions. The time will
be 9:30 p.m. at the Guild House,
524 Thompson (behind the Union)
and will last for one hour.
AN HOUR OF silence at this
time in history, I believe, is in-
deed appropriate. Peace cannot be
achieved by casual lip service and
to consider deeply the actions and
motives which will lead to a les-
sening of fear and hate between
nations and between neighbors. It
is not possible for braid, brass and
bullets to bring about this end.
From a deep and serious self ap-
praisal of the individual's con-
tribution can come creative and
positive steps to speed the develop-
ment of a world free from the,
threats of war and hate. An hour
of silence is but one investment in
this self appraisal. Will you join
me?
--David Giltrow, '61Ed.
All-Fired . . .
To the Editor:
IN the Saturday, Feb. 25 issue of
the Daily, it was reported that a
group of Harvard students were
protesting a story in Time maga-
zine which stated that they were
(horrors) conservative. If they are
so all-fired liberal, they should
know better than to even admit
to reading Time. Such a piece of
gaucherie from the supposed in-
tellectual center of the nation is
really shocking. The most effective'
snub would have been ignoring the
story altogether.
-Andrew Sabersky '63
Cops 'n Robbers.,
To the Editor:
REGARDING Mr. Ostling's well-
stated editorial on jaywalking
in Thursday's Michigan Daily, I
should like to add a recent ex-
perience of two friends and my-
self.
Last Wednesday night at eleven
oclock we were walking north on
almost deserted State Street. As
we walked past Liberty Street, we
noticed a patrolman just around
the corner of the building at Lib-
erty and State. We were amazed
to. see him flattened against the
wall, as if between it and an ex-
press train. Several times , he
stealthily poked his head around
the corner for a second or two,
and tlen withdrew it quickly to
the safety of the north side of the
building. Meanwhile, we continued
to walk slowly north on State
Street. After a minute or two we
heard him run from his position
off to the south, blowing his
whistle madly at each step. Ap-
parently he had caught someone
jaywalking at' the intersection of
State Street and North University.
* * *
THE PATROLMAN'S actions
were bizarre enough to give us a
good laugh, but upon considering
the matter further,, we began to
wonder what the aim of the citi-
zeni' of Ann Arbor was in hiring a
person for such a duty.
If the law was to be strictly
and blindly upheld, then the po-
liceman should have given him-
self a ticket, for I assume, running
diagonally the wrong way down

a one-way street. If rational law'
tempered with reasonable justice
was to be served, he was certainly
opposing it, since no traffic was n
sight in any direction. If increased
tax monies were sought, he would
have been more productive chas-
ing speeders, on Washtenaw Ave-
nue, although it is true that he'
could not have been doing that on
foot.
But when all is said and done,
I think the man was really play-,
ing cops and robbers.
-David B. Lellinger
Out of my Mind «..
To the Editor:
I THINK I'm going nuts,.. real-
ly! I'm turning paranoid. Peo-
ple seem like they're out, to get
me. In Michigan especially they
are working' hard . . . man are
they working.. . and I'm scared,
man . . . really scared. Don't call
me a hedonist or anything . .
but . . . well.. .Ihate to be hurt
and if it has to be done first I
sweat . . . see . . . then I become
resigned . . . really! I get so re-
signed that I just hope they do it
gracefully. Grace is really impor-
tant. . . especially in college. Yes-
terday and the weeks before I
was really sweating . . . man did
I pour! What happened was that

he's coming to Michigan to get us
college kids . . . operation aboli-
tion * . . he'l get us all. I don't
mean to be a burden .. . but man
I scared!!
* * *
AND THAT OTHER guy,.,
wow! ,. .. talk about sweating and
in the Union tool He's some man
. I guess he's going to get right
into college to get us. I mean he's
not gonna be a student or any-
thing . . . but he's gonna be a
trustee or , something , . . you
know .,. . Like they have in pris-
ons . . . his name I can't forget,
but I can't say it . . cause I'll be
next . . . I'm serious! I can say
one thing, though ... he -made me
stop sweating .. . yeh .. . I really
stopped when he said that Com-
munism "should be taught on a
biased basis, biased in our favor."
. .. You know what that means,
don't you . . . it means they're
going to do it gracefully .. . when
I knew he was goingto ge a grace-
ful trustee .. . I stopped pouritg.
That means he's gonna be nice
about it , . . no violence .. . no
firehoses . . . no sliding down the
city hall steps . .. full of water.
Really it was nice to stop all that
pouring ... the only thing I wish
now is that I could get out of
here! I mean.., if I could be In
some PTA or some Moose lodge
then I'd be O.K. Maybe if I
joined the Kiwanis . . . in Tem-
perance, Michigan ... maybe then
I could live a normal life.
--J. A. Kroth, '63
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily official Enuetin is 11A
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editori,
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519'Administration Building,
before 2 p.m. two days preceding
publication.
THURSDAY, 1MARCH 9,
College of Literature, science and
the Arts, and Schools of Business' Ad-
ministration, Education, Music, Natural
Resources, Nursing, and Public Health:
,Students who received' marks of 1;XI, ;
or 'no report' at the end of their last
semester or summer session of attend-
ance will receive a grade of "E" In the
course or courses unless this work is
made ip by March 13, 1961. StudentS
wishing an extension o time -beyond
this date should fie a petition with the
appropriate official of their school. In
the School of Nursing, 'the above n-
formation refers toon-Nursing courses
only.
The General Library will be open ad-
ditional hours on weekends beginning
Fri., March 10. The following. hours
have been added to the schedule: 6 to
10 p.m. Friday, I to 6 p.m.. Saturday,
and 6 to 10 p.m. Sunday. Duing these
added 'hous, the library cannot offer
professional library service.
The new schedule of hours for the
General Library will be 8 a. to ,10
pam. Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to
6 p.m. on Saturday and 2 to 10 p.m.
Sunday.
Faculty, College of Literature, Science
and the Arts: The freshmann flve-weep
progress reports will be due Fri. March'
17, in the Faculty Counselors Office for
Freshmen and Sophomores, 1213 Angell
Ball.
Burton Holmes Travelogue "The
Orient" Tonight. A new color motion,
picture travelogue covering urma
Singapore, Japan and Thailand will be
presented, tonight 8:30 p.m. In Hill
Aud. World traveler Robert McKeown
will'narrate the films which e took
on his recent visit. Tickets are on sale
at the Aud. box office today 10-8:30.
Events Thursday
Lecture: Dr. Paul Boyer, Department
of Biochemistry, University of Minn-
sota, will speak on "The Nature and
Diversity of Catalytic Proteins" on Thur.
March 9 at 4 p.m. in the Natural Sci-
ence Aud,
Lecture: "Actuarial Research and
Planning" will be discussed by John
Taylor, Bankers Life Insurance Co., on
Thurs., March 9 at 4 p.m. in 165 Busi-.
ness Admin. Bldg.

Events Friday
William Cook Lecture: Dr. Luther Gu-
lick, President, Institute of Public Ad-
ministration, New York, will speak on
"The Metropolitan Problem and Ameri-
can Governmental, Ideas: Action Pro-
gram" on Fri., March 10 at 4:13 p.m. In
the Rackhamn Amphitheatre.
Lecture: Prof. Victor Erlich, Unt-
versity of Washington, will discuss "The
Modern Poet's Dilemma: Blok, Maya-
kovsky and Pasternak" on ri., March
Psychology Colloquium: Henry F.
Kaiser, Assistant Prof. of Education,
University of Illinois, will ispeak on
"Relating Factors Between Studies" on
Fri., March 10 at 4:15 p.m. in Aud. B.
Coffee at 3:45 in Mason Hall Lounge.
Doctoral Examination for Calvin
James Hallada, Chemistry: thesis: "The
Conductance of Sore High Valence
Type Electrolytes," Fri., March 10, 3003
Chemistry Bldg., at 1:30 pm. Chairman,
Gordon Atkinson.
lacement
Beginning Mon., March 13, the fol,
lowing schools will have representa-
tives at the Bureau to interview for
the 1961-1962 school year.
MON., MARCH 13
Grand Rapids, Midh. (Godwin Hgts.
Schools)-Elem., El. Library; Arts/Crafts
(man), Latin/Fre or Germ., English.
Grass Lake, Mich.-Elem.; Sc/Math.
Mt. Clemens, Mich (L'Anse Cruise
Schs)-Elem., Spec. Ed.; Jr. HS Math/
Sci, Read; Home Ec., Ind. Art, Eng/

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Editorial Staff
THOMAS HAYDEN, Editor