Sevnmty-Third Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNmVERSrrY or MICHIGAN
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ruth Will Prevail".
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. Th.- must be noted in all reprints.

LY,

RUARY 9, 1963

NIGHT EDITOR: GERALD STORCH


Education Better Served
Without Class-Hour Dogma

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TODAY AND TOMORROW:
Original T hinking
Needed in Washington
By WALTER LIPPMANN
THE CRITICAL MISTAKE in our affair with Canada was to make
any public statement about the negotiations between the two
governments. However provoking Mr. Diefenbaker's disclosures about
confidential matters, this was a time when a wise government would
have remained silent. It would have been well to remember that it is
not necessary to win every argument, and whoever made the final
decision in Washington should have known that this controversy was

ONE OF THE great dogmas of the University
is the dogma of the credit hour. A student
receives one hour of credit for one hour of class
per week per semester. For the graduate stu-
dent, there is some flexibility in the relation-
ship of credit and class hours. But for the
undergraduate, the unbending standard of the
credit hour still holds; learning is assumed to
be somehow a function of time spent in class.
In some cases, this is true. But there is a cer-,
tain type of undergraduate class which ought
to be reevaluated completely. This is the
course-usually a large lecture but occasion-
ally not-where the main purpose is to com-
municate factual background to the student.
In these classes, the instructor usually winds
up parroting to his students materials readily
available in textbooks.
The really poor feature about these courses-
especially when they are large lectures-is that
the instructor is not really doing anything use-
ful. In a smaller class he can spend some of
his time answering questions. The lecture
course does not even have that advantage.
CONSEQUENTLY, these classes ,should be
revised along different lines. One University
administrator has said that there are certain
materials which can be taught' to a class of
700 as well as to a class of seven. If material
is as simple and clear as this, why not go one
step further and ask if it need be taught by
anyone?
Obviously, factual material is necessary. It
is also necessary for the University to offer
courses giving basic factual material before
the student can move on to more complex
concepts. But what the University ought to do
is to restructure these courses so that a mini-
mum of faculty and student time is wasted.
In short, it is unnecessary for these classes
to meet at all. A student should elect the ele-
mentary course and receive a rea ing list. He
should also be told that certain faculty mem-
bers are holding office hours for the purpose of
answering any questions -he may have. He will
also be told the time and place of the final
examination. There might be a term paper to

Aid C ools

WE NOTE that after scheduling hearings on
President John F. Kennedy's omnibus edu-
cation bill, House education committee chair-
man Adam Clayton Powell, a New.York Demo-
crat, has disappeared.
Powell, already notorious for his poor attend-
ance and voting records in the House and his
trips abroad with his numerous secretaries, has
gone off on a trip to sunny Puerto Rico, leaving
his colleagues in cold Washington.
Perhaps he thought that Kennedy's bill had
a better chance if no one was around to go
over it piece by piece.
-E. SILVERMAN,
Dissolutiol
THE MEMBERS of Inter-Quadrangle Coun-
cil received quite a visible jolt Thursday
night when Curtis Huntington introduced a
motion to abolish the IQC. The motion itself
reflects careful thought of the scope of IQC
interests, 'the lack of effective and meaning-
ful action by the body, and the increasingly
meaningful role of the house councils in
administering social, academic, and athletic
affairs.
What the motion does' not reflect is any
serious solution to the problem. Huntington ad-
mitted that he introduced the motion to make
members of the IQC formally aware of the
defects of the organization, to arouse dis-
cussion, but not seriously to advocate, the dis-
solution of IQC "at this time, in this way." The
questions raised in the motion remained un-
answered in the brief debate Thursday, but
the matter will come up automatically next

be turned in by a specified date and perhaps
a midsemester so that he would have some idea
of what to expect on the final exam. There
would be no class sessions.
SO LONG as the material to be learned in
such courses is largely factual, there would
be no problem. Courses like introductory psy-
chology as a social science-where the main
emphasis is getting a background in the differ-
ent schools of thought and where there is very
little emphasis on interpretation-could easily
be taught this way.
Furthermore, this system would allow de-
partments to set up a new class of courses
whose purpose would be background material.
For example, Prof. G. B. Harrison of the Eng-
lish department has suggested that a similar
course might be set up for literature students
giving background in the surface events of the
Bible and mythology. Departments could' offer
courses like this with a minimum of effort.
This scheme is in no way intended to describe
an ideal arrangement in an ideal university.
On the contrary, it is extremely practical. It
does not propose that undergraduate students
be let loose with a vague mandate to do any-
thing they want; the work is quite specific.
Students will still have to face examinations
of their knowledge.
SUCH A system would work to bridge the gap
that exists betwen faculty and students.
Especially in large, introductory lecture courses,
students rarely see their lecturers and their
recitation instructors only slightly more often.
In the new situation, whenever the student
had a question, he would see an instructor
\personally. Certainly, this would give an oppor-
tunity for greater contact. Furthermore, since
all attention would be individual and faculty
members would be freed from much of the
daily routine of teaching a class, there would
be more time to devote to helping the interest-
ed or exceptional student follow his own
interests.
Classes that don't meet would reserve facul-
ty members for the areas in which they are
needed most. The main value of a living teacher
in a classroom is as a guide for his students.
There is or ought to be contact between minds,
each probing and being prodded by the other
regardless of the difference in levels of matur-
ity and/or knowle;lge. An individualized system
allows a faculty member to work with a student
and to help a student. It puts them in a situa-
tion where they can sit down and talk.
In short, the University ought to take an-
other look at the system that requires credit
hours to be gained through class hours. The
system is valuable to the University and does
provide an important if sometimes inadequate
gauge. But at the same time, the credit hour
system ought not to be a bar to an educational
experiment which would put one side of educa-
tion in its proper context.
-DAVID MARCUS
1 of IQC?.
week and perhaps then a serious re-valuation
of IQC will proceed.
The problems of IQC are many and com-
plaints have been heard from many quarters.
Some houses in East Quad, notably Strauss
and Greene, complain that IQC is not a
democratic organization and that its actions
and rulings regarding distribution of literature
in the residence halls 'and endorsement of
SGC-candidates are arbitrary and unrepresen-
tative of the houses in the system.
THEY COMPLAIN that no IQC president has
ever been elected on a competitive basis,
there having been only one candidate for the
office each year since the founding of IQC
three years ago. IQC elections are scheduled
for next Thursday. So far no one has formally
announced his candidacy for president. Only
Kent Bourland, vice-president of South Quad,
seems to intend to run, bearing out for an-
other year that the office of president is a
shoo-in.
One wonders if Huntington's motion was no
more than a political ploy to demonstrate his
concern and though about IQC in preparation
for his own candidacy, but he denies this and
will not personally act to fill "the dearth of
candidates" which he so explicitly deplores in

his motion.
As it is, there was an unusual interpretation
given to IQC constitution to allow Bourland to
be eligible. The constitution demands -that a
candidate for president have one year's ex-
perience in IQC or quadrangle administration.
Bourland has been in quad administration for
only a semester. But he has been ruled eligible
because of his experience as an ex-officio
member of the student government at Kellogg
Community College on the grounds that "stu-
dent government is higher level than quad gov-
ernment," according to Robert Geary, present
president of IQC. There are no residence halls
at Kellogg Community College.
OURLAND may or may not be competent.

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NUC LE1\R

TESTING

STATE PARTY CONVENTION:
Democrats on The Outs

one which should resolutely have
He should have realized that this
was an especially bad moment to
engage in a public controversy.
Our dealings with the Canadian
government have no doubt been
complicated. But the crucial issue
is the same one which has dis-
rupted our relations with France
and shaken the whole Western
Alliance, and has alienated us
from General de Gaulle. It is how
to reconcile the American nuclear
monopoly, with the sovereign, in-
dependence of our closest allies.
* * *
WHAT WENT WRONG in
Washington was that the final
decision to scold the Canadian
government was not seen in the
context of our foreign policy as
a whole. Who does 'see& our foreign
policy as a whole in all its rami-
fications? This deplorable and
annoyed episode has raised again
the question of how to organize
the control of foreign policy.
In principle, only the Chief
Executive can conduct, a foreign
policy which is in fact formulated
and administered by State; De-
fense, Ti'easury and Intelligence..
But inpractice, no President can
do it because the decision is so
complicated and he has so many
other things to do. What has in
fact developed is the conduct of
our foreign policy by committees
of which the President is the
chairman, and on big questions the
final arbiter. This committee sys-
tem fills what would otherwise
be a vacuum.
We must ask ourselves what
system would work better. An om-
niscient Secretary of State. ad-
vising the President? The fact is
that there can be no Secretary of
State who is omniscient enough.
* " *
MY OWN impression of the
committee system today is that
the level of intelligence among
the principal figures is high. But
it has its defects, and they. have
become vividly manifest in the
aftermath of the Gaullist explo-
sion. Like all committees, whether
they run a government or a news-
paper, they tend to favor a con-
sensus over creation. What is moat
obviously needed in Washington
at this moment is. original think-
ing. General de Gaulle has shat-
tered the post-war structure of
United States' foreign policy, and,
we are launched on seas for which
the old charts do not show us the
way.
(c) 1963, The washington Post Co.

By GLORIA BOWLES
THE STATE Denocrats, meeting
for the first time in 14 years as
the "party out of power" staged
the first exciting Spring conven-
tion in years in Grand Rapids last
weekend.
Here was a party at odds with
itself: disunity in Democratic
party ranks began in 1960 when
six-term governor G. Mennen Wil-
liams went to Washington and the
young John B. Swainson and the
older James Hare, Secretary of
State, fought for the Democratic
nomination for Governor. After
Swainson's two-year term, and a
defeat this fall, some pundits saw
Hare, defeated only two years
ago, in a better position than his
young rival.
After the party convention last
weekend, when Swainson made it
clear that he considered himself
not just the titular but the real
head of 'the party in Michigan,
those pundits no longer entertain
any such illusions.
* * *
THE CONVENTION was ex-
tremely important 'for Swainson.
The fall gubernatorial defeat had
challenged his leadership in the
party, and the emergence of Neil
Staebler, newly elected Congress-
man-at-large was seen by Swain-
son forces as a possible threat to
his party supremancy. Swainson
feared becoming head of the partyf
in name only; he came to the
convention determined to estab-
lish unequivocally that leadership.
In a series of clever political
maneuvers, Swainson engineered
the election of his former execu-
tive secretary in Lansing, Zolton
Ferency as chairman of the party.
Joe Collins, a former president of
Student Government Council at
the University, and the man who
ran both of Swainson's campaigns
as chairman of the party, was
ousted. Only 27, Collins cannot,
however, be counted out of the
picture in s t a t e Democratic
politics.
Congressman Neil Staebler, who
commands a, profound respect in
the party, supp~orted the3 Collins
candidacy. Ironically enough, the
defeat of his candidate had little
effect on Staebler's stature among
state Democrats. He is the inde-
structible figure of the party in
Michigan.
On the other hand, a loss for
Swainson in the party chairman
fight, would hate been disastrous
since he holds no elective office.
Swainson fought harder, and
more vociferously, and the dra-
matic flight from the hospital to
reach the convention would have.
made the formerngovernor look
pretty ridiculous in defeat.
OBSERVERS generally tend to
overlook the importance of the
election of Adelaide Hart to the
vice-chairmanship of the party.
Miss Hart, a Detroit school teach-
er recently retired, served with
'the party under Williams from
the beginning of his reign in 1948
and bowed out with him.
Last weekend, however;"the
state of avparty which seemed to
be crumbling, and realizing the
necessity of a return to unity, she

the upper peninsula the farmers
and the miners came, a little tired
after the long trip made in haz-
ardous weather, dead serious in
their caucuses, and proud to cast
their delegation's few votes in
convention.
There was, too, the "fighting
seventeenth," a district which
stretches from the northwest side
of Detroit, and then swings to in-
clude outlying small towns, sub-
urbs of Detroit. The delegates to
its caucuses were union men,
housewives and Jewish intellect-
uals. They voted Friday night in,
a shouting, heated meeting to
draft Swainson for party chair-
man only to rescind the proposal
on Saturday morning in a stand-
ing caucus outstand the conven-
tion hall. The district finally sup-
ported Ferency. Most of the de-
cisions were made in politicing
during the Friday night and early
Saturday morning caucuses; the
formal Saturday afternoon session
was dull in comparison.
PARTY CONVENTIONS are al-
ways a study in Americana: this
convention was, too, a study in
a sulking and brooding party
which still has not adjusted itself
to being out of office. The Demo-
cratic Party in Michigan is a party

been handled by quiet diplomacy.
40 POUNDS:
Laughs?
F ORTYPOUNDS OF Trouble,"
teepic currently being fea-
turedhat the Michigan Theatre,
stars the redoubtable Bernie Sch-
wartz (Tony Curtis in his Bronx
days) as Steve McCluskey, the
manager of the gambling section
of the Villa D'Oro (really Har-
rah's Club), a swank hotel at
Lake Tahoe.- The 40 pounds re-
ferred to in the title is a little
girl who has virtually been left
in the lobby of the hotel, her
mother and father being dead.
And then there is Chris Lock-
wood (Suzanne Pleshette, and
formerly Dr. Kildare's love inter-
est), the temperamental singer
the hotel has engaged. Bernie likes
her. She likes him. They BOTH
like the little girl.
SO THE GIRL (the little one)
is put up in Bernie's room, while
Bernie is busy making forays into
California while trying to avoid
process-servers there from his ex-
wife. Howard Morris, playing
Julius, the high-strung entertain-
ment director of the hotel, is try-
ing to keep his temperamental
star in tow. And the final scene
is a wild chase through Disney-
land with Bernie and Chris and
the process-servers and what-
have-you.
"40" is not the typical Holly-
wood comedy, the slick Doris Day
will-she-or-won't-she sort. Tony
Curtis, for all that' may be said
about him, has a good comic
sense which could probably be
developed. The little girl is not
the scene-stealer that her coun-
terpart in "Gigot" was, but then
again, she is not at all affected.
Suzanne Pleshette tries and fails
to sing, but she acts passably.
Howard M o r r i.s, 'Sid Cae-
sar's old side-kick, does very well
in his part; but if there is any
really good comedy in the film,
Phil Silvers provides it. His talent,
unlike that of the others, need no
development. We all know it from
television and the stage, and it
shines straight through.
-Steven Hendel

%

JOHN B. SWAINSON
... fighting
in transition: it, will probably be
a divided party for several years
to come,.
Unity will come only with/back-
ing of a candidate in an election
which the now discouraged Demo-
crats-the underdogs in state pol-
itics for the first time in a long
time-think they can win.

HORSE EATS HAT:
Silent French Comedy
Entertaining, Important
RENE CLAIR, who helped establish the French film during its post
World War I Renaissance is best known for his satire of the petit
bourgeoisie, "Italian Straw Hat," currently playingat the Cinema Guild.
Clair was a novelist before he entered the world of silent cinema-
tography; he came to films early in the 1920's, greatly influenced by
Chaplin, and by the work of other Frenchmen interested in the cinema
as a new art form. The French produced fewer films than Americans
or other Western Europeans, but quality was often superior. Clair, for
example, first showed his avant-garde, experimentalist tendencies In

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
IQC. Valuable to Quads'

Nuisances

REP. E. D. O'BRIEN (D-Detroit) has proposed.
a package of eight bills that would drasti-
cally reduce Maichigan tax revenue $488 million
by wiping out all nuisance taxes passed by Re-
publican-controlled legislatures.
If the proposal meets with legislative ap-
proval, it would leave exactly $59 million for
Gov. George Romney to carry out -his $547
million 1963-64 budget.
O'Brien admitted the proposal has little
chance for passage.
-W BENOIT
Editorial Staff
MICHAEL OLINICK, Editor
JUDITH OPPENHEIM MICHAEL HARRAI'
Editorial Director City Editor

To the Editor:
A MOTION to disband the Inter-
..quadrangle Council was intro-
duced to that body this week. The
rationale behind that motion was
as follows: it was assumed that
IQC no longer functions effectively
as an organization which provides
academic, athletic, social and spe-
cial events programs to the houses
and residents of the quadrangle
system.
As a candidate for the presi-
dency of IQC, I take strong excep-
tion to the philosophy and state-
ment of this motion on a number
of grounds.
First, the motion is based on
untennable asaumiptions. Indeed,
the IQC has provided academic,
athletic, social, and special;events
Remember,
S HEWAY consumers behave
certainly makes life complicat-
ed for some people.
Take poultry producers, for in-
stance. A number of them are
complaining to the Department of
Agriculture that consumers aren't
buying frying chickens in an
orderly way. They wait until spe-
cial sales on fryers come along
and then stock up. In between
sales, consumers stay out of the
market in droves.
All this pains the poultry pro-
ducers, who say it causes supplies
to back up, forcing them to reduce
prices. Retailers, for their part,

programs to the houses and resi-
dents of the quadrangle system.
* * *
UNDER the academic depart-
ment I need only mention the, fac-
ulty advisory program, the files on
academic and social programming
available to each house academic
chairman asereference material,
and the associate membership
policy initiated by IQC. Further,
IQC provides the funds for the
printing of individual house book-
lets.
The Athletic store initiated by
IQC provides a method of obtain-
ing athletic equipment at cost to
the houses for their athletic pro-
grams. The rules of intramural
sports were established through
consultation of IQC representing-
the particular interests of the
houses making up their constitu-
ency and members' of the IM
sports department,
IQC has sponsored concerts in
the past four years by The King-
ston Trio, Louis Armstrong, Duke
Ellington and March 2 Peter, Paul
and Mary will appear under IQC
sponsorship. Further, under the
IQC social-special events program
is the University-MSU mixer in
the fall and the orientation pro-
gram which has been under -IQC
direction for the past twb years.
* $ *
THE ADVENT of co-education-
al housing aththe University re-
sulted from the initiation of the
appropriate motion at a Board of
Governors meeting in May 1961
by the president of IQC and con-
tinuing efforts by the organiza-
tion.
With r-mn~i n the nhilrnnhv

"Entr'acte" (1924), which showed
surrealist craze of the period.
In 1927, Clair undertook "Ital-
ian Straw Hat," the story of a
bridegroom on the way to his
wedding, but waylaid by an un-
fortunate incident: his horse eats
the straw hat of a married lady
who has removed it to embrace
her lover, aypompous member of
the military. The lady can't go
home without her hat, so the
harried young man must look for
its twin during intervals of the
marriage ceremony and the re-.
ception.
* * * -
CLAIR THUS takes us through
a' series of hilarious, incidents
which show extraordinary cinema-
tic skill and imagination .and at
the same time delivers a spoof of
the pettiness and small-minded-
ness of the petit bourgeousie.
The message is not exclusively
French, but has a universal im-
pact: we see the old man, hard
of hearing, whose ear trumpet has
been stuffed with a wad of paper;
the self conscious relative who
hides his hand because he canro;
find one of his white gloves; the
doting wife, also anxious to keep
up appearances, as she points to'
her own throat to indicate tq a
dreaming husband that his tie
is out of place, and has everyone
in the church but him reaching
up to straighten a tie they imagine
to be ruffled.
Not surprisingly, the film was
badly received in France in 1927
-the bourgeoisie well understood
the attack. However, Clair's crei -
tion represents a milestone in
film-making, and 'is of great im-
portance in the history and devel-
opment of the cinema as an art

the influence of the Dadaist and
BATES RECITAL:
Excellent.,
THE )SCHOOL of Music has
initiated a new series of piano
recitals featuring doctoral stu-
dents in residence and young
guest artists. The series, which is
designed to give these artists more
opportunity for public perform-
ance, began yesterday afternoon
'with a recital by Sheila Bates.
Miss Bates performed a serious
and demanding group of works,
'opening with Bach's French Suite
in G major. This wonderful work
was performed with a'nice feeling
for phrasing and a logical plan
for the whole piece.
The second work was Beetho-
ven's Sonata in A-flat major, Op.
110, a composition of formidable
difficulties for the performer's
technique and, even more, his
interpretative abilities. I do not
feel that Miss Bates wholly suc-
ceeded with it, but she played
very well and many of her ideas
were excellent.
- AFTER TWO shorter works by
Brahms, Miss Bates performed
Carlisle Floyd's Sonata for Piano.
Mr. Floyd, a young American who
is best known for his operas, has
written a work of great vitality
an nnmer whichis a litle nom-