JOINT JUDIC STAYS WITHIN PROPER LIMITS See Editorial Page Y 5k igan 44 &br :43 a t I , H, FAIR, MILD High-65 Low-45 Little change in temperature Seventy-Two Years of Editorial Freedom VO. LXXIII, No. 168 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 14, 19d3 SEVEN CENTS Wallace Reassured b Kennedy on FederalI EIGHT PAGES Forces * * * * * * * * * Assembly Committee Completes Definition of Authority BIRMINGHA14 RIOTS--Police and firemen' stand powerless to stop a roaring blaze that razed several Negro houses in Birmingham early Sunday morning. T Move Only Trouble Starts WASHINGTON (P)-President John F. Kennedy told Alabama Gov. George Wallace yesterday that federal troops in Alabama will not be sent into Birmingham unless uncontrolled violence erupts there. In response, Wallace hinted that he may seek court action to keep troops from being used in the racially tense industrial metropolis at all. Assembled Troops Asked by newsmen whether he is considering steps to get newly assembled troops removed from bases at Anniston and Montgom- ery, Ala., Wallace said, "We have plans in that regard. We believe they are here unlawfully, and that matter may be adjudicated in the courts. "We intend to make all efforts to see that the rights of the people are safeguarded." The Democratic Governor sent a second telegram to Kennedy yes- terday, challenging the President's authority to move troops into Ala- bama so long as state and local officers can and do put down violence. In response to an earlier tele- gram; from Wallace, Kennedy made it clear he expects Alabama's chief executive to insure that "an atmosphere of law. and order" prevails in Birmingham. Recent Agreement This atmosphere, said the Pres- ident, would allow Negroes and whites to fulfill their recent agree- ment leading to some integration in downtown Birmingham. Federal Troops Stand By To Enforce Racial Peace BIRMINGHAM ()-About 3000 combat-ready federal troops stood yesterday within quick striking distance of this industrial city but President John F. Kennedy reiterated his hope that troops would not be needed to keep an uneasy racial peace. Two army generals set up headquarters here and justice depart- ment officials began renewed efforts to prevent a biracial desegrega- 'tion pact from collapsing. Uncer- "I would be derelict in my duty," Kennedy said, "if I did not take the preliminary steps announced last night that will enable the government, if required, to meet its obligations without delay." In a double action Sunday night, Kennedy dispatched 3000 federal troops, including paratroopers and riot-control infantrymen, to Ala- bama and prepared a proclama- tion federalizing the Alabama Na- tional Guard. The proclamation, however, was not signed. Five Hour Riot The President acted after Ne- groes, in retaliation for the bomb- ing, of a motel and a minister's' home, rioted in Birmingham for' five hours before dawn Sunday. Kennedy sent his telegram to Wallace after the White House kept open the way for a dramatic meeting between the two men in Alabama Saturday. The White House announced that Kennedy will go through with long-hejd plans to visit North- western Alabama Saturday to at- tend ceremonies marking the 30th anniversary of the Tennessee Val- ley authority. Not Made Up Mind But no one here knew whether the governor would show up. In Montgomery, the capital of Ala- bama, it was indicated that Wal- lace has not made up his mind to attend the ceremonies. Kennedy sent his telegram to Wallace in reply to a telegram sent by the governor Sunday. This denounced Kennedy's sending of troops into Alabama and chal- lenged his legal right to do so. Kennedy told Wallace the troops were sent to Alabama under the President's - powers to suppress domestic violence and cited sta- tutes to support his assertion. But, Kennedy added, he has not yet ordered the troops into Birm- ingham because he continues to hope "that the citizens of Birm- ingham themselves will maintain standards' of responsible conduct that will make outside interven- tion unnecessary." Some Integration The agreement, which ended weeks of rioting by, Negroes in Birmingham, provided for some integration of downtown business facilities and some hiring of Ne- gro employes in downtown stores. While announcing the Presi- dent's plans tp visit Alabama at See WALLACE, Page 3 Power Says College Ills Hit Students DALLAS (R) - Financial pains currently plaguing many colleges and universities create an injus- tice to students of average intel- ligence, Regent Eugene B. Power said Sunday. Speaking at the opening session of the Association of Governing Boards of State Universities and Allied Institutions, Regent Power said, "We are concentrating now on the high academic student but I think it is a mistake." Regent Power said that the University now accepts only the highest 10 per cent from out of state and the top 25 per cent in the state. Financial Limits "The one who suffers is. the student of average intelligence who can do college work but is being eliminated because of the financial limits of the University," he said. He explained that he thought high academic rating was an unfair yardstick of. the capa- bilities of a student. Regent Po w e r recommended either more appropriation by the state legislature or federal aid. He called the argument that federal aid means federal control, "hog- wash." At yesterday's session, Harry Ransom, chancellor of the Uni- versity of Texas, said that edu- cators are winning out over the nation's educational problems. Help of Russians "Our victory will be owed in small part to the backhanded help of the Russians-who scare us- and to the tremendous strength that comes from popular accep- tance of new opportunity and ob- ligation,' he said., The chancellor said trustees were once the moving force of a college, but now numerous com- mittees and other bodies have a hand in educational matters both inside and outside the institution. "There is no formula for suc- cess in these difficult combina- tions," he said. Personal Dedications "In the long run, it comes down to fuzzy principles like the 'pur- suit of truth' and personal dedi- cations like 'giving the students a chance to get an education." Arthur S. Adams of Washing- ton said Congress must take emer- gency action if it is to help Ameri- can colleges avoid being swamped by an enrollment tidal wave dur- ing the next two years. Adams, a consultant to the asso- ciation, declared, "I've been say- ing for the past two years that emergency measures are neces- sary. Now all our lead time has been eaten up and the enrollment boom is really upon us." He said experts estimate that enrollment applications' in the next two years will equal half the number of students presently attending college. COOPER READY: ABOARD U.S.S. KEARSARGE IN PACIFIC (P)-Navy weather- men said yesterday "we are rec- ommending a 'go' situation" for the launching of Astronaut Gor- don Cooper today. The weather in the planned im-j pact area about 100 miles south- east of Midway Island should be satisfactory for recovery of Coop- Navy Weathermen OK Launch er's Faith 7 spacecraft 34 hours after launching, said Lt. Cmdr. William Mallinger, Navy meteor- ologist aboard this prime recovery vessel. Ready A low pressure area several hun- dred miles east of Midway prob- ably will bring some scattered showers in the recovery area to- Astronomy Faces11 Money Problemss (Second in a series) By MICHAEL JULIARr Astronomy is called the oldest science. And it is now faced with one of man's oldest problems-money. One astronomer says that optical telescopes are facing mechanical obsolescence and observing site deterioration along with increasing competition from radio astronomy for funds. Another astronomer says that there is a big discrepancy between what the two big national observatories in optical and radio astronomy get, and what universities get._ "In spite of a great increase in over-all astronomical ac- tivity, very little has been done to provide the optical astrono- mer with adequate modern instruments," says Prof. Lawrence H. Aller, now at the University of California at Los Angeles, who left the University's astronomy department last spring after being here since 1948. Technological Developments "The postwar development of radio astronomy impressively demonstrates what can be done with adequate support and modern technological developments," he said in a January issue of Science, the weekly journal of the American Associa-s tion for the Advancement of Science. Prof. Fred T. Haddock, director of radio astronomy, says . that the money pinch is being felt in the universities. "There is an imbalance here. In the last decade, tens ofiis millions of dollars. have been spent by the National Science Foundation on the two national observatories while the uni- versities have received little." Kitt Peak, Greenbank The Kitt Peak Observatory in Arizona is a base for optical astronomy while the national observatory at Greenbank, W. Va., is for radio astronomy. "The national observatories receive about 30 times as much money from the government as the universities," Prof. Haddock' says. There is a fragmentation of facilities in the United States which hampers things and keeps work at a 'static level'," he points out.e AN Y See ASTRONOMY, Page 8 l.: iS {3}s"".}::t"}5}i EMU Officials To Convene. With State Unit Representatives of a North Cen- tral Association study team will tell the State Board of Education tomorrow the results of its in- vestigation of low faculty morale at Eastern Michigan University. The study team visited the Ypsi- lanti campus for four days late in January after being appointed by the NCA at request of the state board, which oversees EMU. The six-man committee, headed by Robert W. MacVicar, vice- pres- ident of academic affairs at Okla- homa StateUniversity, completed its report about two weeks ago. Its contents have not been releas- ed to the public. Hard To Pin Down Chris H. Magnsson, president of the state board, explained that' the unrest at EMU came from various campus groups on an as- sortment of topics "hard to pin down." "Last year there was discontent about buildings, athletics and the failure of EMU to renew one pro- fessor's terminal contract," he said. In addition, alumni had charged . that faculty morale was low and that administrative policies pre- vented an effective expression of views by faculty members.' Call in NCA So in order to get rid of the. "unspecific rumors-EMU Presi-. dent Eugene Elliot said.he "never could find out what any specific charges were"-the state board decided to call in the NCA, an accrediting agency for midwestern schools, to make a complete in- 0ptir.0 ionV tainty and apprehension hung in the air as riot squads patrolled the quiet streets. Law. and Order The President said community leaders who worked out an agree- ment "deserve to see it imple- mented in an atmosphere of law and order." Kennedy said he had taken ,preliminary steps. to mobilize the guard in addition to' alerting reg- ular army soldiers.. Mayor Arthur Hanes said only the presence of state troopers had saved the city Sunday. Sacked and Burned "The mob of yelling Negroes would have sacked and burned Birmingham without the help of the state highway patrol," Hanes said. The chairman of a white nego- tiating group said the rioting Sun- day had not affected the biracial desegregation agreement. T h e businessman, Sidney W. Smyer, said, "The community in general is behind the agreement." Arriving to join the desegrega- tion campaign were Jackie Robin- son, former baseball star, and Floyd Patterson, former heavy- weight boxing champion. Both are Negroes. City and County "We hope the situation can be handled by city and county au- thorities," said Edwin Guthman, special assistant to United States, Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy.. Guthman arrived with six other justice department officials and ranking military officers as the Pentagon disclosed that 3000 com- bat ready army troops had moved into bases. CPasses BUdget, morrow but they will not be seri- ous, Mallinger said. At Cape Canaveral, Cooper, calm as ever, was ready to climb into, his ship at around 5:40 a.m. Faith 7, in which he will ride at 17,500 miles an hour, was ready. Scientists and technicians were ready with their vast and mysti- fying statistical data. Space Flight All around the world 19,000 men were stationed, anxiously waiting to fish Cooper from the water should he land in their area, there- by ending what would be by far the most lengthy space flight ever tried by an American. Ironically, this was a beautiful day at the cape, without a cloud in the sky and with an exhilarat- ing seabreeze. In this pleasant environment the announcement began, "The ex- tended period of clear skies over Florida is coming to an end." No Way Later a weather forecaster, Er- nie Amans, explained at a news conference that there simply is no way to predit whether conditions will or will not permit a flight to- day. Pressure areas have developed to the north, Amans said, which will, bring clouds here. Space ex- perts need clear weather, to track the shoot by camera as Cooper heads for outer space. "We have had eight consecutive days of clear weather," Amans said, and his voice sounded as if he feared he personally would be blamed because it is now coming to an end. Hendel Reports June Move For Physics By NEAL rRIEDMAN The physics department is plan- ning to move into the new Physics- Astronomy Bldg. at the beginning of June, Prof. Alfred Z. Hendel of the physics department said. Physics facilities will occupy the first seven floors of the 10- floor building and will be used for lecture rooms, laboratories and a few offices, Prof. Hendel ex- plained. To Turn Over West Physics will not be used any longer by the physics depart- ment, and will be turned over to the literary college. West Physics "will temporarily provide us with a few more class- rooms," Acting Dean- Burton D. Thuma of the literary college says. "We will put in things that can easily be moved out again," since the building probably will be torn down within a few years, he added. A psychology research project and teaching fellows of the zoo- logy, psychology and history de- partments probably will be located there: remaining space will be used for general classroom 'space. Still Used Randall Hall, however, will still be used by the physics depart- ment, he explains. Present plans for the occupa- tion of the new building by the astronomy department are not certain yet. Astronomy will get the top three floors, in addition to their present offices in the Observatory Bldg. They are still awaiting notification of when they can move into their new quarters. TT C r p a c leport AHC, Lewis Must Grant Endorsement Loomis Directs Group of Five For 10 Weeks By KAREN MARGOLIS - Culminating ten weeks of study, a five-woman committee has pro- duced the first Definition of Au- thority of theAssembly Association. Maxine Loomis, '65N, chairman of the committee, read the report at yesterday's Assembly - House Council meeting. When the AHC approves it, it will go to Vice- President for Student Affairs James A. Lewis for approval and, if approved, will be incorporated into the Assembly constitution or bylaws. According to the Definition, power is delegated from the Of- fice of Student Affairs, to Assem- bly Association, to the houses, to the individual independent women. Maximum Efficiency "Through this functional struc- ture it is possible to attain maxi- mum efficiency within the now ambiguous realm of authority and maintain completely effective rep- resentation for the individual resi- dent or house," the report says. Under the document, the vice- president for student affairs has the right to veto any legislation or decision of Assembly within two weeks. The time limit is one of the major policy changes in the paper. AC President Charlene Hager, '64, says that the two-week time limit "would better define the re- lationship between the vice-presi- dent and Assembly and would fa- cilitate implementing any legisla- tion passed." House Councils Independent women are repre- sented by and responsible to their individual house councils, and these councils are represented by and responsible to the Assembly Association, the Definition states. The Definition gives houses the power to legislate all rules neces- sary for their own governing, to mediate disputes between house members, to establish their own judicial body and to determine their own dress regulations, sub- ject to AHC approval. The AHC is authorized to ex- press the opinion of and recom- mend regulations for, the women in the residence halls on any is- sue and may serve in an advisory capacity. House Governments Assembly is also granted the power to aid in the establishment of new house governments. In formulating recommenda- tions for the policies concerning all University women, the Defi- nition of Authority provides that Assembly work together with the Panhellenic Association. Norton Dies From Stroke USNSA PLENARY: Students' Rights .Bills Pass Regional Assembly By LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM Two student rights' resolutions passed the plenary body of the Michigan Region of the United States National Students Association Sunday. The resolutions do not mandate action and thus become simply policy statements of the regional. The student rights resolution in the form of a declaration outlined four student responsibilities and T14 rights, enumerating his "obli- 'PRICE IS YOUTH': SGC Discussion Attacks Film f I By LOUISE LIND Observers at the Student Government Council-sponsored showing' of two films, "Communist Encirclement" and "The Price Is Youth," last night watched Red Communist arrows encircle the world and heard that "Communists constitute a clear and present danger to our freedom and lives" which can be combatted only by a re-awakening' of nationalism on the part of American citizens. The two films, describing the theory and practices of communism, have been shown in Hamtramck public schools at the request of Rep. Richard A. Guzowski (D-Detroit) as part of an anti-Communist program. gations to himself, the school, the community and humanity." These obligations include "the responsibility of every student to make himself cogizant of the regulations that govern his uni- versity." Deleted by the plenary body was- a phrase in the originally submit- ted motion stating the student's obligation to comply with these regulations. Expressing education as a right, the declaration lists the specific student rights. to have: clear reg- ulation definitions, full due pro- cess in expuslion cases and free speaker policies. The right to hear any speaker is "limited only by the 9: