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Sewwty-ThIrd Yewr
EDITED AND MANAGmD ET STUDENTS OIF THE UNWIERStTY OF MCHIGAN
'UNDM ATHQRT Or BOAD D9 CORMOL Or STUMEN PvsICTONS
"Where Opinions Are P'ree STUDENT PucATmoNS BLDG., ANN Aaom. Ml i., PHONE NO 2-3241
Truth Will Prevafil
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This mus tbe noted in all reprints.
"What's The Matter? We Don't Say 'Niggers' Up Here"
TODAY AND TOMORROW:
Clay Report Fails,
Sets Unfortunate Tone
'4
)AY, MARCH 27. 1963
NIGHT EDITOR: BARBARA LAZARUS
Faculty Government
Req''uires R evisions
G OVERNMENT OF the faculty, for the fac-
ulty and by the faculty has been a lot less
than a spectacular success.
In some ways it is unwieldy; in others, it
has been subverted; in still others, the faculty
itself has abandoned its power to govern itself.
Faculty government can best be seen as a
morass of committees. There are departmental,
administrative committees, University Senate
committees, school and college' committees,
committees, inte -college committees, inter-
disciplinary committees, advisory committees
and committees to study the committee struc-
ture.
HESE COMMITTEES do not even have a
central agency to which they are respon-
sible. Every unit from the department on
up has its own responsibilities of self-govern-
ment. In many areas these powers are shady
and overlap one another. '
Under these circumstances, it is easy to see
how faculty government has been subverted.
Administrtors, if they do not think they can
get results from a committee, blithely disregard
what that committee is doing 'and on juris-
dictional grounds ask another committee for
what they want; or they create their own com-
mittees.
The latter is an especially common device.
When the administration decided several years
ago that it wanted to have the University go
on full-year operation, it found that the Sen-
ate Calendaring Committee was one of the
main obstacles. This committee reportedly had
everypossible calendaring interest represented
on it-from advocates of the quarter system
to advocates of trimester. The result was that
the committee favored maintaining the status
quo.
QO, THE ADMINISTRATION appointed a
special administrative committee to study
full-year operation plans. Worse, still, Prof.
William Haber, chairman of the economics de-
partment, and a highly respected faculty mem-
ber, accepted the chairmanship of this com-
mittee which was responsible only to the ad-
ministration.
In the end, the faculty was informed when
the plans were already complete. By voice vote,
the Senate accepted the trimester plans and
gave the administratively conceived and plan-.
ned project the appearance of being demo-
cratic.
For another example take Vice-President for
Student Affairs James A. Lewis' reaction to
the Student Relations Committee's proposal
for a shakeup in the OSA almost two years ago.
Lewis simply asked for the creation of another
committee whose purpose was to get a broader
viewpoint than the SRCs, he said.
But actually, it was merely a device for
shifting the conflict out of the hands of one,
hostile group into a group that would be less
hostile. Whose broader viewpoint he intended
to get still remains a mystery, since his orig-
inal plans for the committee would not even
have included students. Only a Student Gov-
ernment Council motion and pressure from
many quarters got students onto that commit-
tee.
And, in the final analysis, the committee
knuckled under to outside pressure and mod-
ified its already moderate report.
SIMILARLY, deans are chosen by administra-
tive committees, not even responsible to
the faculty whose chief administrative officer
Koch's Hope: A
THE LONG and lively history of former
University of Illinois Prof. Leo Koch, fired
three years ago for his outspoken views on
sex, has finally reached a resting point.
Last week the powerful "Committee A" of
the American Association of University Pro-
fessors made a proclamation on the firing,
terming it "outrageously severe and completely
unwarranted."
The action taken against Prof. Koch is
damnable for two reasons. First, it implies
censorship by the university administration of
the views of a faculty member on non-academic
subjects, expressed through a medium outside
of the classroom-the student newspaper, The
Daily Illini.
Second, and more important, there is the
question of academic due process. The AAUP
committee charged that Prof. Koch was not
given a proper hearing before he was fired,
implying that academic due process had been
violated.'
THE REASON Prof. Koch was fired is directly
attributable to a letter he wrote to The
Daily Illini. In it he said that "with modern
contraceptives and medical advice readily avail-
able ... there is no valid reason why sexual
intercourse should not be condoned among
those sufficiently mature to engage in it
without social consequences and without vio-
the committee chooses. Even the President of
the University is not selected by a committee re-
sponsible to the University community; in
President Harlan Hatcher's case, he was se-
lected as one of a panel of possible candidates
by a committee with no responsibility to anyone
but the Regents and former President Alexan-
der Grant Ruthven.
Clearly, if the faculty is going to play an
effective role in the University, administra-
tively appointed committees should be abolish-
ed immediately. They serve no purpose except
to undermine the intentions of the Regents
bylaws in setting up committees dealing with
matters that ought to be considered by the
faculty.
The present unwieldiness of the faculty gov-
erning structure does not help the situation
very much. .Some matters very obviously be-
long. in the individual units or departments.
The separate units have the right-and com-
mon sense as well as Democracy gives it to
them-to determine academic standards for
their own students and determine other in-
ternal matters.
BUT THE DIVISION-of powers can be used
to play one group off against another. For
example, in the recent rejection of a Senate-
approved proposal to set up a University-wide
Commission on Faculty Excellence was jus-
tified on the grounds that the individual units
objected.
Yet the proposal had been passed by a
majority of the entire faculty. The Regents
Bylaw clearly says that there is an obligation
to implement it. The administration and the
Senate Advisory Committee on University Af-
fairs do not have the right to overrule it. Yet
it was overruled by some mysterious and still
unexplained process.
The opposition of the individual units was
no excuse.
FINALLY, it is the faculty's fault for allowing
these things to happen. Often it is said
that service to the University is unrewarding,
that individuals who undertake to participate
in faculty government are penalized when pro-
motions and pay raise time comes around.
Service to the University interferes too much
with normal academic life.
This is not really true. There have been cases
of professors who will admit that their aca-
demic status has been enhanced by their com-
mittee work.
In all fairness, the diffuse structure of the
Senate and faculty governing bodies in general
makes the flow of information difficult. How
many faculty members know, for example, that
Vice-President for Academic Affairs Roger W.
Heyns sits on his own advisory committee? The
vastness of the system makes it difficult for
the faculty to be informed or mobilized.
At present, the Committee on Academic Free-
dom and Responsibility is considering a re-
organization of the Senate along lines that
would make it a far more effective body.
Hopefully, some broader considerations will be
taken into account. Hopefully, the committee
will work for th 'abolition of administrative
committees. Hopefully, it will also wrk for
more flow of information to the faculty. Hope-
fully, it will work for a faculty government on
a University-wide basis through which all im-
portant concerns flow rather than just the
ones the administration chooses to allow there.
--DAVID MARCUS
AUP Vindication -
to anyone willing to consider a mature ex-
pression of opinion.
' Unfortunately, the populace of Illinois and
the nation is not known for its clear and
rational attitude toward sex. Existing as it
does in the midst of a nation wallowing 'in
moral hypocrisy, the University of Illinois was
flooded with letters protesting Koch's views.
President David D. Henry, later .supported
by the Board of Trustees, succumbed to public
pressure and Prof. Koch found himself without
a job.
WHILE THESE VIEWS may be morally re-
pugnant to some people, the expression of
them was not sufficient cause for the action
taken by President Henry. Both he and the
board of trustees were not justified in firing
Prof. Koch on the basis of a letter to the
editor.
No case of violation of academic freedom
is clear cut; it is possible that Illinois was
seeking an out, a reason to fire Prof. Koch,
and he himself provided it. That the issues
were cloudy is testified tot by the lengthy
inquiry of the AAUP.
However, people concerned with protecting
the rights of faculty members to express their
views should be disturbed by the steps taken
at Illinois three years ago.
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4
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:-
Sociologists Discuss Ordinance
By WALTER LIPPMANN
THE CLAY REPORT on foreign
aid deals with an immense sub-
ject in a few pages. For that rea-
son alone it will not furnish the
general public, which includes
most members of Congress, with
enough material for that serious
reappraisal which has become so
necessary.
The report mentions most of the
questions which have to be asked,
but what it gives are its answers
and not the facts and the reason-
ing by which its conclusions were
reached. As a result, the ordinary
reader receives little more than
a bundle of declarations as to what
ought and ought not to be done.
He gets little help toward an en-
lightened debate.
There is an explanation for this.
The committee, which consists of
10 eminent men, was appointed
last December "to advise the Presi-
dent, the secretary of state, the
secretary of defense and the ad-
ministrator of the Agency for
International Development." Quite
evidently, that is exactly what it
has done, and done, it appears,
with profit to the administration.
The report is not really a public
document meant to clarify a pub-
lic discussion. It is, so to speak,
an inter-office memordandum for
the insiders of the administration
and is no doubt highly significant
and intelligible to those who have
taken part in the conferences
which are not reported in the re-
port.
BECAUSE. it is the kind of 4ocu-
ment it is, it will, I am afraid,
provoke unfortunate reactions
abroad. It is peppered with criti-
cisms which, because it is anony-
mous and not specific, could apply
to some or all of the recipients
of foreign aid. No country would
be able to tell whether it is or is
not being criticized. Furthermore,
the report contains a sweeping
criticism of all our allies, including
Canada, for what they do or do
not do in foreign aid.
IF THE REPORT was to a pub-
lic document, and of course it had
to be, it should not have declared
only its conclusions. It should have
argued them persuasively. In my,
view, this was entirely practicable
since the main theme is sound.
Thus, it is quite true that "we
are trying to do too much for too
many too soon, that we are over-
extended in resources and under-
compensated in results and that no
end of foreign aid is either in sight
or in mind." It follows, rightly
enough, that we should not try
to give aid to the 95 countries and
territories which are now receiving
it and that we should, instead,
focus our aid so that It is enough
to do the job in key countries. We
must find a way to stop diluting
and diffusing it allover the globe.
Let the bridges we have to build
be fewer, but let all of them cross
the river.
* * *
WHEN IT comes to Latin Amer-
ica, the report shows little evi-
dence of a serious knowledge of
the actual problem of.inducing the
Latin peoples to emerge from their
primitive past into the modern
age. In fact, there is a consider-
able ideological confusion in that
the report seems to say that the
only alternative to Communism is
the American form of private en-
terprise.
That is not true. There are
many forms of a mixed economy-
some of them very successful in
Europe-which are quite different
both from Soviet communism and
American capitalism.
I feel that I must say, also, that
the report itself exemplifies one
of the principal reasons why,
though since 1946 this country
has spent some $100 billion in for-
eign aid, it is so much disliked
in so' many places. A persistent
theme is that we should be giving
and withholding favors, which
mean so much in human terms, in
our own interest. There is in this
assumption of superiority which is
abrasive in the kind of world we
are living in-for the most part
very poor and for the most part of
some other color than white.
WITH OUR great wealth and
power, there should go humility,
not pride. Thirty years ago, this
country had not only the respect
and the trust, but also the affec-
tion of the underdeveloped world.
Yet it had no foreign aid program.
Why? Because 30 years ago, the
country was struggling with its
own desparate economic problems
and with the rising menace of
fascism. Because we had grave
economic problems of owni our, we
were not proud and self-satisfied,
and we gave the effect of being
in the same boat with the rest of
mankind. That was when we had
friends all over the world.
We shall not have them again un-
til this country becomes possessed
once again, as it surely will when
the political seasons change, in the
high enterprise of making a good
society.
(C) 1963, The washington Post Co.,
FRATERNITIES-*
Intimate
A ssociation
matters of discrimination: they
represent the 'undeniable and ad.
mitted right of.~ all citizens to
select their associates.
"The above principle is especially
true in reference to a, national
college fraternity or sorority. A
collegiate chapter is in reality and
purpose the home of its members.
Both in theory and in practice,
one of the fundamental objects of
. our Fraternity has been to make
the chapter house have the sim-
ilitude of the American home and
surely no one should be prepared
to deny the right of men to com-
plete freedom in selecting their
most intimate associates and so-
cial companions.
"In reality a fraternity Is an
association of congenial persons
who will be drawn together for
many years in many places. This
association is intended to be in-
timate, enjoyable, lasting and mu-
tually helpful.
"A FRATERNITY is not a poli-
tical organization; it is a social
organization whose activities and
membership must be the expres-
sion of personal choice or else the
purpose of the organization fails.
As a distinguished American has
stated: 'A fraternity brother-ideal-
ly is a man you are willing to live
with, to have eat and sleep In
your home, toy have become inti-
mate with members of your family.
Not all of your brethren will meet
your ideal, you won't seem ideal
yourself to a lot of them, but'
certainly every man should be
capable of meeting these specifica-
tions.'
"As probably our most distin-
guished of American women (Mrs..
Eleanor Roosevelt) has said: 'So-
bial equality to me is what you
have among friends and I don't
see how you can legislate about
social equality."
-Sigma Nu National
Standing Committee on
Jurisprudence .
To the Editor:
SOCIOLOGISTS engage in the
business of studying social
trends and discovering the ways
in which communities seek to at-
tamn their goals. Since the four, of
us have been particularly engaged
in the study of race relations in
our professional work, we have
prepared this summary of what
seem to us to be the facts on the
subject of fair housing.
* * *
RESTRICTIVE HOUSING is an
economic and social burden to the
minorities involved and to the
community at large: Restrictions
on housing opportunities inflate
the rental and purchase costs of
housing for minority families who
can least afford to pay them in
view of their low incomes. As a
result, minority housing tends to
be over-crowded by families
squeezed into small apartments or
subletting their space to roomers.
High population densities com-
bined with depleted financial re-
sources for property maintenance
result in property deterioration.
For the occupants involved they
increase interpersonal conflict and
provide an inadequate environ-
ment for family life, driving adults
and children alike out into the
streets.
Owners of property rented to
minorities have a captive market
and therefore lessened incentive
to keep property in good condition.
Property deterioration in turn de-
pletes the residential tax base of
the city and raises governmental
costs for fire protection, police
protection, and welfare services.
Housing segregation also produces
segregation in elementary schools
and other public facilities.
LEGISLATION'is an increasing-
ly common and effective means of
alleviating the problems caused by
restrictive housing: In recent years
an increasing number of cities and
states have established human re-
lations commissions and provided
them w~ith tools'for action in the
form of legislation relating to pub-
lic accommodation, employment,
and housing. Although the num-
ber of laws dealing specifically
with housing is not yet large, new
laws in this field are being passed
every year and the trend of Ameri-
can official judgment is clearly in
this direction.
Not only are more laws being
passed but weak laws are being
strengthened by extending their
coverage to additional segments of
the housing market and by broad-
ening the responsible agency's
powers of initiating action, of
investigation, of injunctive protec-
tion to the plaintiff, and of pen-
alties for violation.
In practice, fair housing legis-
lation has been especially effective
in permitting educated and high-
er-income Negroes to secure adg-
quate housing in previously re-
stricted neighborhoods. Some of
these new opportunities have been
opened up through direct inter-
vention of the human relations
commissions involved. However,
fair housing legislation also cry-
Laurenti on "Property Values and
Race" has indicated that adjacent
white property values do not us-
ually decline when a Negro family
moves into a neighborhood.
"Block-busting" scare tactics of
unscrupulous realtors sometimes
weaken property values temporar-
ily levels are usually recovered
thereafter.
The research of Deutsch and
Collins on "Interracial Housing"
shows that white attitudes toward
Negroes generally improve as Ca
result of the actual experience of
living in integrated apartment
houses.
Such legislation has not forced
businessmen to accept all minority
applicants indiscriminately. In-
deed it has protected realtors and
property owners against false
charges of racial discrimination
where potential customers were re-
jected on the basis of legitimate
criteria applicable to the majority
group as well.
Nor has such legislation gen-
erally been administered ina pun-
itive or harrassing fashion. The
vast majority of complaints
brought under these laws have
been settled amicably to the satis-
faction of both parties involved.
Commissions have found their con-
ciliation procedures almost uni-
versally effective in solving prob-
lems quietly behind the scenes.
However their work has not been'
effective in the absence of ulti-
mate enforcement provisions in
housing legislation. Although such
powers are seldom invoked, many
persons refuse to listen to coun-
sels of moral persuasion unless en-
forceable legislation makes amic-
able settlement seem personally
desirable and seriously intended
by the community.
In this regard,, real estate oper-
ators have often resorted to delay-
ing tactics to make their cases
moot before conciliation could oc-
cur. Out of this experience it
has become clear that provision
for injunctive relief is necessary
to make fair housing legislation
meaningful.
-Prof. Robert O. Blood, Jr.
-Prof. William A. Gamson
-Prof. Leon H. Mayhew
--Prof. Albert J. Reiss, Jr.
Homosexuality ...
To the Editor:
ALTHOUGH in Philip Sutin's re-
cent editorial concerning the
archaic approaches to homosex-
uality he demonstrated some of
the problems involved in helping
the homosexual achieve a more
compatible life, his. classification
of homosexuality as a "mental
disease," while certainly more ac-
curate than labeling it as a crime,
does not rightly describe it, nor
does this help to solve the prob-
lem.
To obtain the "new approaches"
that he requests, it is imperative
that people become acquainted
with the true manifestations of
this too often surpressed and un-
studied problem.. The first step
in achieving this should be the
removal of all forms of disease or
crime conotations from this par-
ity a more accurate label would
be socially deviant behavior.,
-Kent Woodbury, '65
Buses,
To the Editor:
1QUS TRANSPORTATION in Anni
Arbor is about to die. We are
told that there fare basically two
reasons: not enough people want
to ride the buses; and the drivers
want too much money.
Maybe there is an even more
important reason. Maybe Ann Ar-
bor isn't really interested in hav-
ing people ride buses. For example,
there are over 27,000 students and
faculty at the University. At least
half of them travel from three to
seven blocks, two to four. times a
day. Bicycling is dangerous and
driving is a nightmare. What bet-
ter conditions could a bus system
ask for?
To be sure, many buses pass by
the campus, but they arrive a half
hour before classes start and leave
five minutes before classes let out.
Moreover the fare is ridiculous.
For people going to the University
Hospital from Pittsfield Village
or Miller Avenue, a 25 cents fare
is probably reasonable. But 25
cents is outrageous for the three
to seven block rides that the Uni-'
versity people want.-
So perhaps Ann Arbor's Bus
Service isn't failing because of the-
drivers or the lack of riders. Per-
haps it is failing because it has
been trying to provide shoppers,
for the downtown merchants rath-
er than meet the community's
transportation needs.
-Henry M. Wallace, '64
Elections ..
To the Editor:
AT A TIME when there is much
talk of expanding the powers
of Student Government Council,
it must be pointed out that the
Council seems to have much dif-
ficulty in fulfilling the assign-
ments which it has already under-
taken. We are specifically referring
to the inability of the elections
committee to conduct a proper
senior class election, a job for
which they are paid by the senior
board.
Having encountered a problem
last year due to the fact that the
ID cards have no positive means
of ascertaining the school year,
SGC failed to correct the situa-
tion this year. The results of this
incompetency was a nullification
,of the business administration
election, a move which seriously
hinders the efficiency of senior
board. (Contrary to the report in
The Daily, last year's literary col-
lege election was not entirely void-
ed because the Faculty Subcom-
mittee on Discipline overruled
Joint Judiciary and validated the
election of the president and sec-
retary.)
Those unfamiliar with SGC's
previous blundering might con-
strue their recommendation of nul-
lification of the business adminis-
tration election as done by SGC--
that "Watchful Champion of Stu-
GUZOWSKI BEHEST:
New Righ Wing Films
By ROBERT SELWA
THE PUBLIC should be alerted
about a pair of films that are
being shown in Hamtramck at the
behest of Rep. Richard Guzowski
(D-Detroit). Indications are
that the films are providing the
kind of distortion for which
"Operation Abolition" is infamous.
According to Guzowski, one of
them, "The Price Is Youth," deals
with alleged Communistmparty ac-
tivities on college, campuses in
the United States and throughout
the world. He says the other,
"Communist Encirclement, 'deals
with "how. the Communist party
has been able to take over" much
of the world.
* * *
THE HOUSE Un-American Ac-
tivities Committee recently Spon-
sored "Operation Abolition" which
contained all sorts of unfounded
charges that' Communists led the
student demonstrations against
HUAC in San Francisco four years
ago. Like HUAC, Guzowski is a
force for those elements that see
conspiracy everywhere and that
injure Constitutional rights of
speech, assembly and due process.
volved in "The Price Is Youth,"
Student GovernmentCouncil has
a duty to look into the situation.
Two years ago, when "Operation
Abolition" began making the
rounds, SGC got a copy of that
movie, showed it at a Council
meeting and then made a judge-
ment on it. This would be a good
procedure for handling "The Price
Is Youth," and this is the pro-
cedure outlined in Kenneth Mil-
ler's motion for Council tonight.
SGC should also mandate its ad'.
ministrative vice-president to write
to the Hamtramck school board to
find out just what is going on.
SINCE THE schools of other De-
troit communities besides Ham-
tramck might be hit by the films,
educators in the area should be
alerted. If the films are good,
they should be shown more widely
in the interests of education and of
greater discussion about Comnmun-
ism. If the films are bad, if they
contain lier rw unfair inferences,
then people should put pressure
on the filmmakers to correct the
wrongs. At any rate, when con-
troversial movies ilke "The Price
Is Youth" are shown, they should
hp. frl11reuib a ea ~te be~tweeAn