1963 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PA Merchant Begins Confabs On NATO Nuclear Arms Rusk Notes U.S. Desire For Peace CINCINNATI (P)-Secretary of State Dean Rusk said last night the United States will press for peaceful agreements with Moscow because "we believe that the lead- ers of the Soviet Union-if not of Communist China"-want to avoid "a nuclear holocaust." "We believe that, objectively considered, they have a common interest with other nations in put- ting a ceiling upon the arms race and;'In finding ways to turn that dangerous spiral downward," he said. In an address before a con- ference on international affairs, Rusk said the United States seeks victory in the Cold War but added "We do not mean the victory of one nation or one people over aother, but a victory for freedom." He described the cold war as "'a sustained and cynical effort by the Communist world to des- troy the world of the United Na- tions charter and to substitute their own world revolution in its place." Rusk called the United Nations vital to the achievement of peace and world order. The United Nations can be im- proved, Rusk said, and he advocat- ed greater use of quiet diplomacy in an effort to settle issues with- out bitter public debate. He said the United States also believes that when decisions are made in the United Nations "the matter of cost should be a part of the decision . .. and cost should be shared equitably among all the membership." Rusk opened his speech with a message of greeting from Presi- dent Kennedy who told the con- ference that its discussion on how to define and achieve victory in the cold war deals with the topic of "central importance to us all." World News Roundutp By The Associated Press VIENNA - African diplomats yesterday were pressing Bulgarian Communist authorities to clear the way for African students wanting to leave Bulgaria. The students say they were subjected to racial discrimination. WASHINGTON-The Pentagon is seeking to make the length of i active duty service by men who en- list under the National Guard and reserve programs more flexible to fit the skills required of individ- uals. * * * S AL MARJ, Libya-United States planes began an airlift yesterday to stricken Libyan farm areas nearly destroyed by earthquakes that left hundreds dead and thou- sands without homes. ANAHEIM-A wide-open battle over the John Birch, Society broke out yesterday in a convention-eve skirmish control of the California f Republican Assembly. Fred W. Hall, Long Beach, outgoing CRA president, challenged what he termed a .move by the ultra-right wing society to take over the vol- unteer party organization. * * * NEW YORK-Mayor Robert F. Wagner was under pressure yes- terday to fill a role, outlined by President John F. Kennedy, as im- partial umpire in the 77-day New York newspaper blackout. Through an aide, Wagner promised a deci- sion within 24 hours. Y. DOUBTS-Sen. George D. Aiken (R-Vt) (left) expressed ap- prehension at the possibility of a NATO nuclear force after hearing the testimony of career diplomat Livingston Merchant before the Senate-House Atomic Energy Committee. ECONOMIC POLICIES: Labor Leaders .Decide o Chide Kennedy Aim MIAMI BEACH (P)-AFL-CIO leaders have decided to carry to President John F. Kennedy personally a strong complaint on' the administration's handling of domestic economic problems. Union chiefs were reported to have reached agreement at winter meetings that Kennedy's solutions to economic problems are too mild and that the President is failing to sell the public and Congress on the gravity of the situation. It was agreed that federation presi- To Explore Polaris Use, On Surf ace Congressmen Voice Hesitent Reactions By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-A special rep- resentative of President John F. Kennedy went to Europe yester- day to explore the possibilities for a NATO nuclear force-a force viewed warily by some Congress members. Livingston T. Merchant, a long- time United States diplomat, was called out of retirement to help seek an answer to a problem that was tough enough to start with and has been compounded by French refusal to participate in a multination atomic force. Merchant is now in Paris and then will visit other NATO capi- tals to sound out sentiment on use of surface ships, as well as submarines, for mounting Polaris missiles. Save Cost's United States Navy studies in- dicate NATO nations could save up to half the cost and a year in construction time by using con- verted merchant ships instead of submarines as Polaris missile bases. The United States, in a policy change, is moving toward the idea of surface ships instead of. subs for a multination seaborne nu- clear force, at least initially. It hopes to sell the idea to the NATO countries to speed the crea- tion of such a force. Polaris experts have calculated it would cost about $76 million to adapt a hull like that of a World War II victory ship for use as a Polaris platform. By contrast, a Polaris submarine costs about $120 million. Embryonic Plan Beyond the broad principal ofI multination participation and the use of Polaris missiles, the NATO nuclear force idea still is largely embryonic. But whatever emerges is certain to undergo the closest kind of scrutiny in Congress. This was made clear today ir comment from members of the Senate - House Atomic Energy Committee which was briefed in secret by Merchant earlier thh week. The joint committee has wide powers under the law to contro use of United States atomic de- vices and some members indicatec it remains dubious about the ,rac- ticality and desirability of a NATC nuclear force. Sen. George D. Aiken (R-Vt) noted to a newsman that "the joint committee has indicated it: feelings against" such a plan or several occasions. Other member verified this. May Move Air Force Pilot Unit SAIGON -P)-The United States is considering ordering the with- drawal of American air force 2om- bat elements from South Viet Nam, it was reported yesterday. At the same time, United States army helicopter crews may re- ceive orders in the next few days liberalizing rules under which they may shoot at Communist guerrillas. The helicopters would thus take over part of the role played by conventional fighter planes. Air force pilots are flying many of the operational strafing and bombing missions conducted by Vietnamese air force planes. Dur- ing the past month, more than 35 per cent of enemy casualties claimed by the Saigon government and American command were in- flicted by air force strikes. American pilots technically are in Viet Nam in purely advisory or supporting capacities, training the Vietnamese Air Force. In prac- tice, a critical shortage of Viet- namese pilots has led to American piloting of many planes. . Lately, however, civilian :as- ualties have been attributed to strikes by T28 and B26 planes piloted by Americans. Officials, both Vietnamese and American, have raised doubts whether the effectiveness of air strikes against the guerrillas is outweighed by the harmful psychological effect on civilians hurt by accidental straf- ing, bombing and dropping of fare bombs. Communist agents are telling village people that the "rain of death" from the skies is Amer- ica's special contribution to the war here. American servicemen are being portrayed in village pos- ters as looters and rapists. Posters depicting the dead and wounded during an air strike emphasize planes with United States mark- ings. Magee Replaces Cutler on Board By The Associated Press LANSING-Gov. George Rom- ney has named Prof Kenneth R. Magee of the neurology depart- ment of the Medical School to succeed Prof. Richard A. Cutler of the psychology department on the State Mental Health Commis- sion. Offers To Reduce Inspections By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - The United States disclosed last night it has told the Soviet Union it might ac- cept seven on-site inspections to police an atomic test ban if the Russians agree to "meaningful" inspection procedures. The United States has been in- sisting on eight to ten on-site in- spections while the Soviet Union has agreed to two or three. An official United States state- ment voiced disappointment at Soviet unwillingness to go ahead with three-nation talks on a test- ban treaty. But it said United States disarmament chief William C. Foster will return to Geneva this weekend in another effort to reach an effective agreement to outlaw nuclear explosions. No Change t i 3 i a i In Geneva the fused again to stand that two inspections on Soviet Union re- budge from its or three on-site Soviet soil are Nes Policy Session Set WASHINGTON (IP)--The White House is setting up a meeting which it apparently hopes will clear the air of charges of "man- aged news" in the Kennedy ad- ministration. Representatives of news-gath- ering media are being invited to meet with government informa- tion officials at a private retreat near Warrenton, Va., April 5-6. The session promises to be a lively one, with both sides ex- changing complaints and crit- icisms that have been building up over the months. No plans are being made for regular news cov- erage of the event, however. The decision to seek a frank airing of views, it was learned, was largely prompted by several as- sociations representing news me- dia have adopted formal resolu- tions criticizing federal informa- tion practices and the feeling by President John F. Kennedy that portions of various news media sometimes are unfair to the ad- ministration. On the question of opening the discussion to news coverage, or e administration aide commented "You might just as well sit down and listen to a set of prepared speeches-just like the Supreme Soviet." enough in a treaty for a nuclear' test ban. It threatened to drop the whole idea of inspections against nu- clear cheating.' Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Vasily V. Kuznetsov's position at the 17-nation disarmament con- ference tightened the deadlock in the negotiations. He accused the United States and its allies of double :ealiig and bad faith. He said former United States delegate Arthur H. Dean told the Russians in private talks last October that two to four annual inspections might be acceptable to Washington. United States sources said they could find no record that Dean made any such statement to the Russians. Dean resigned Jan. 4, saying personal reasons forced him to give up his post as disarmament negotiator. The inspections would be carried out on seismic detection devices, called black boxes, placed within the borders of a nuclear power The Russians claim the black, boxes are unnecesary because the major powers have their own de- tection devices which are capable of recording a nuclear explosion abroad. An apparently misunderstood remark by Canada's Gen. E. L. M. Burns set off a report that the United States was willing to i e- duce its figure for on-site in- spections to seven. Burns said later, however, he was talking of the number of black boxes that the West believed \should be the minimum placed on the soil of a nuclear power. No Commitment Kuznetsov said he would not commit the Soviet side to discus- sions, such as the United States wants, on the composition and size of inspection teams, the type of event which would trigger a check or the time an inspection could take and the area it could cover. Kuznetsov said these were only secondary issues. "If we can't get an understanding on the main issues, the discussion of secondary matters will prolong the reaching of an agreement." Don't Forget TEST BAN a GOP p''resents Apportionment Provision Plan By The Associated Press LANSING-Ten Republican leg- islators have introduced an alter- native House apportionment plan in case the proposed new con- stitution is not approved in the April 1 elections. The new plan would reduce the House from 110 to 109 members. Wayne county would lose four of its 38 seats, and the Upper Penin- sula, Northern Peninsula, and Thumb area would lose one each. Oakland County would gain three seats for a total of nine, Macomb two for a total of five, and Genessee one for a total of five. Republicans backing the bill ex- plained that it would meet the present constitutional require- ments stipulating that the House must be reapportioned this year to allow for population changes between 1950 and 1960. The proposed new constitution calls for setting up a special com- mission to reapportion the House. This is one of the most contro- versial sections of the document. dent George Meany, and Walter Reuther, chairman of the federa- tion's economic policy committee, will seek an early White House appointment to tell Kennedy as much face to face. Inadequate Plans The union leaders feel Ken- nedy's tax cutting plan and other programs are inadequate to in- crease lagging production suffi- ciently to supply the job openings needed for the rapidly expanding work force and for workers being steadily displaced by technology. The labor leaders, althoigh staunch political supporters of the President, have decided to try to prod him into making more fre- quent speeches and statements to develop pressure for economic aid measures. % A number of policy statements being issued during sessions of The AFL-CIO Executive Council mildly warn the President his programs are too modest. Reuther wanted to include some sharply-worded crit- icism.{ Denies Reports Meany said a meeting had not been arranged and that published reports that he and Reuther will see the President were mere guess- es. Meany noted, however, he never had trouble getting a White House appointment. Reuther told a reporter he ex- pects to see the President soon. "I think he'll want to talk to us," he said. 40% OFF LIST PRICE ON EVERY RECORD IN STORE THROUGH FEBRUARY, with student I.D. Open Mon. and Fri. 10-8:30; Tues., Wed., and Thurs. 10-7; Sat. 9-6 records, 337 S. Main St. Phone 5-4469 ~1 i 01'PI F r -r ro C rlU r SABrB 3v 3I ST. ANDREWS CHURCH and the EPISCOPAL STUDENT FOUNDATION 306 North Division Phone NO 2-4097 SUNDAY- 8:00 A.M. Holy Communion. 9:00 A.M. Holy Communion and Serm i non for Students. 11:00 A.M. Morning Prayer and Sermon. 7:00 P.M. Evening Prayer and commentary. TUESDAY- 9:15 A.M. Holy WEDNESDAY- 7:00 A.M. Holy FRIDAY- 12:10 P.M. Holy Communion. Communion. Communion. THE CHURCH OF CHRIST -I K!0 / John G. Malcin, Minister W. Stadium at Edgewood SUNDAY 10:00 a.m. Bible School 11:00 a.m. Regular Worship 6:30 p.m. Evening Worship WEDNESDAY 7:30 p.m. Bible Study For transportation to any service call 2.2756 FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 1432 Washtenow Avenue NO 2-4466 Ministers: Ernest T. Campbell, Molcolm Brown, Virgil Janssen SUNDAY- Worship at 9:00, 10:30 and 11:50. Presbyterian Campus Center located at the Church. Staff: Jack Borckardt and Patricia Pickett Stoneburner. NO 2-3580 LUTHERAN STUDENT CENTER AND CHAPEL National Lutheran Council Hill St. at S. Forest Ave. Henry 0. Yoder, Pastor Anna M. 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Bizer, Associate Pastor 9:30 and 10:45 a.m. Worship Service 9:30 and 10:45 a.m. Church School FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST, SCIENTIST 1833 Washtenaw Ave. I lok a 9 z _ i I I 1