HAMMARSKJOLD SOVIET VICTIM? See Page 2 Seventy-One Years of Editorial Freedom 4E2at SUNNY Nigh-76 Low-54 Fair and warmer with light winds v VUL. LXXII, No. 2 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1961 FIVE CENTS FOURTEEN PAGES FIEET FO RTEEN PAGESwi i\11iu Enrollment Exceeds Official Predictions Figures Show 24,939 Students, Increase of 710 Over Last Fall By ROBERT FARRELL University enrollment is unexpectedly higher than had been predicted this semester, officials announced yesterday. Total residence credit enrollment is 24,939 students, 710 more than last fall and about 250 more than had been predicted by Univer- sity officials, Edward G. Groesbeck, director of the registration and records office announced. Although .detailed breakdowns of this total will not be available until this afternoon, Vice-President for Student Affairs James A. Lewis Legisl ator Asks Ban ion 'Sn bversives Reds Attack, Burn Capital In Viet Nam SAIGON, South Viet Nam P)- Over 1,060 Communist rebels at- tacked and burned the capital of Phuoc Vinh province, 60 miles north of Saigon yesterday, the government said early this morn- ing. It was believed to be the largest rebel assault so far in South Viet Nam's civil war. The province chief, an army major, and his deputy and a large number of government c i v 11 guardsmen were killed. About 50 wounded were rushed to Saigon hospitals after the rebels withdrew under attack. The government announcement said the Viet Cong guerrillas stormed the capital at 1 p.m. yesterday in a move to liberate rebels taken prisoner. The Viet Cong held the town for several hours in predawn dark- ness, burning and ransacking sev- eral provincial buildings. One source estmated 1,500 Viet Cong took part in the attack, the first on a provincial capital. It also marked a new height in violence in the areas north of Saigon where the rebels were said to be building strength. Phuoc Thanh is a newly created province in largely upland forest and rubber growing region. The small provincial capital's name is Phuoc Vinh. The attack marks the second major assault by Viet Cong this month. Earlier two government outposts were overrun in Kontum province in the northern high- lands near thehLaotian border. Senator Says Service Bas HUAC Film WASHINGTON (A') - Sen. Strom Thurmond (D-SC) charged yesterday that two Air Force of- ficers were disciplined for showing the film "Operation Abolition" to reserve officers in Seattle. An Air Force spokesman dis- puted Thurmond's statement. The film deals with demonstra- tions in San Francisco during a hearing of the House Committee on Un-American Activities. A con- troversy has developed over whe- ther it presents an accurate pic- ture of what happened, but Thur-. mond calls it a valuable film. Thurmond told the Senate: ; That Lt. Col. Fred Holbein, commanding officer of the 2648th Air Reserve Center, was relieved of command and that Maj. Bob' E. Cooper was suspended from duty as director of training of the 2648th Air Reserve sector, Van- couver Barracks, Wash. The Air Force spokesman said no disciplinary action was in- volved. reported that the largest part of the discrepancy from predictions resulted from more students re- turning, to the University than were expected. Lower Frosh Total In fact, Lewis pointed out, the freshman class will probably be very slightly smaller than last fall's, with the unexpectedly low dropout rate and the planned in- creases in Flint College, the Dear- born Center and the graduate school making up the 710 increase. Another factor contributing to the large rise is the larger number of transfer students admitted this fall than previously, Groesbeck reported. This year's increase of 710, mak- ing the total enrollment once again reach a record high (as it has each year in the recent past), is almost 500 larger than the 241 increase between 1959-60 and 1960-61. No General Increases But it was still impossible to havedany kind of an across-the- board increase in enrollment be- cause of a lack of funds in the appropriation from the Legisla- ture. Instead, added graduate stu- dents were admitted to study in those departments which could accept them without requiring new faculty or facilities, Lewis re- ported. And increases were also made in the number of students at the Dearborn and Flint branches. Student Lost In Germany The State Department said yes-4 terday that no word has yet been received concerning the where- abouts of former University stu- dent Fred Pryor of Ann Arbor, who disappeared into Communist East Berlin some three weeks ago. ' Pryor, in West Berlin on a Ford Foundation grant, had been study- ing East Germany's economy as a faculty member at the Free Uni- versity of West Berlin. He' had planned to return to the United States this month. State, Department officials said that the American. embassy is in- vestigating the disappearance, but as yet he has not been seen sincet August 25, when he attended a rally in East Berlin.1 Pryor reportedly returned to West Berlin after the rally, but then went back into the Russian zone. He has not been heard from since. Pryor had planned to return tot the United' States early this month, according to his uncle, the Rev. Dr. Thomas Pryor of Kalamazoo. Pryor is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Millard H. Pryor of Barton Hills.1 He was a student at Yale Univer- sity. Would Bar Professors From Posts Marshall To Propose Series of New Laws By MICHAEL OLINICK A Michigan legislator is drafting legislation to bar persons affiliat- ed or identified with "subversive" groups from teaching in tax-sup- ported universities and colleges. Rep. Frederick J. Marshall (R- Allen) claims the prohibition on employment will be tied to a st r in g. of bills designed to "strengthen oursmethod of in- struction for our youth in the ten- ets of Americanism and todevelop intelligent and aggressive opposi- tion to communism." The proposed laws, to be pre- sented when the Legislature re- convenes next year, will rely, in part, on the United States Attor- ney General's list of subversive organizations. Defeat Purpose Marshall believes that employ- ment of questionable persons would serve only to defeat the purpose of this package legisla- tion and "to help destroy the system of our government." University employes must al- ready sign an oath of loyalty to the 'Michigan and United States Constitutions before they are al- lowed to teach, Vice-President and Dean of Faculties Marvin L. Niehuss said last night. Niehuss added that no specific check is made on the political ac- tivities of any man under con- sideration for hiring, but any ac- cusations of "subversion" are "checked closely to find out what is really true." He stressed that the University would not "knowingly hire a Com- munist" or other subversive. Sees Attack Prof. George A. Peek Jr., of the political science department, call- ed Marshall's proposed legislation "an attack on freedom of expres- sion." If the state law already requires a professor to swear loyalty to the Constitution, he has therefore' sworn loyalty to the principle of free speech, Prof. Peek said. "The cause of' freedom is not served by this approach which only leads to a witch hunt and guilt by association by pressing' the panic button." Foresee Defeat University officials agreed with Peek's prediction that Marshall's plan would not gain enough sup- port to become law. "Even if it fails," Prof. Peek said, "such an attempt makes faculty men reluctant to speak out on political ideas. And this means, they will eventually cease to think."] Marshall commended s o m e Michigan high schools which have inaugurated anti-Communist pro- grams but added that "it is im- perative that an organized and, comprehensive educational effort1 be promptly undertaken by every school and educational institutionI in the state and the nation if the1 lethargy and mass ignorance of( the true character and dangerous consequences of Soviet commu- nism is going to be dispelled." I * * * * * * Hammarskjold Killed in Crash; UN Council COnsidering Impact * * Katanga Forces Claim Victory over UN Army, By The Associated Press LEOPOLDVILLE-Katanga forces claimed the big United Na- tions base at Kamina fell yesterday and the 500 Irish and Swedish defenders surrendered. The fall of the main UN base in secessionist Katanga was.claimed in Katanga military radio messges. A UN spokesmen in Leopoldville Monday night said the United Nations had received no messages to indicate that Kamina had fallen. But UN headquarters ear- C o 1lTJn H . lier received an urgent call from; the base 260 miles northwest of Elisabethville for reinforcements, heavy weapons and ammunition. The UN force was under attack from 500 Katangans backed by BRAZZAVILLE, Congo Republic shellfire from an armored train. ()P)-President Abbe Fulbert You- The reported fall of a second lou of the former French Congo UN garrison cane amid reports of! aroused the ire of the neighboring a spread'in the fighting that broke former Belgian Congo yesterdayaspedithfgtnghtbrk by saying the UN had no right to out last Wednesday when UN for- interfere in the Katanga affair. ces, at the request of the Leopold- The Leopoldville government ville central government, attempt- shortly afterward suspended al ed to take over the province from telephone, telegraph and boat President Moise Tshombe's re- traffic with Brazzaville, its neigh- gime in an effort to unify the bor across the Congo River. I Congo. Boats Patrol River Be For the first time central gov- gian Congo's army and of the UN ernmept troops were reported inf patrolled the river, turning back North Katanga. ferry boats and leaving many pas- Britain meanwhile called for sengers stranded on both sides. swift new efforts to effect a cease Leopoldville officials said they fire between UN and Katangat -AP Wirephoto UNFULFILLED MISSION - United Nations Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold was killed on a Congo peace mission early yesterday when his plane crashed in Northern Rhodesia. Kennedy Sets UN Address To Reaffirm U.S. Support WASHINGTON (AP) - President John F. Kennedy will address the United Nations this week or next to reaffirm United States support for the organization plunged into crisis by the death of its administrative chief. A White House announcement late yesterday confirmedN rumors that the President would appear before the UN General Assembly which is to open its autumn session today: Friday was reported as the likeliest date but it might be delayed until early next week.A7 A * consider Youlou an intruder in the internal affairs of the former Bel- gian Congo, in which Katanga province is located. Cites 'Dupes' Youlou's statement, made on his return- from a visit to Paris, said the UN action in Katanga is not that of the whole international organization, but only of "an ad- ministration and a secretary-gen- eral who were dupes or accom- plices of obscure interests and infantile theories." He added that "Africans must settle their affairs themselves." Russians Test Nuclear Device WASHINGTON (P)-The Soviet Union exploded its 13th nuclear device yesterday since its resump- tion of testing Sept. 1. It was an atmospheric blast like the 12 preceding ones. The Atomic Energy Commission said yesterday's was "on the order of a megaton yield." A megaton is the equivalent of one million tons of TNT. It was the fifth of this heavy caliber. It occurred in the vicinity of Novaya Zemlya, an island in the Arctic and closely followed two other Soviet detonations over the weekend. The United States has set off two small-yield devices in Nevada, both underground. forces. The British ForeignOffice said Tshombe and Dag Hammar- skjold had agreed on a cease fire Sunday before the UN Secretary- General was killed. It urged new talks be set up between Tshombe and "the senior UN representa- tion." In Kitwe, Northern Rhodesia, Tshombe said he would negotiate peace with any successor to Ham- marskjold, not with the chief Ka-. tanga representative, Conor Cruise O'Brien of Ireland. "I will talk to anybody of good faith," Tshombe said. "We should do everything to stop bloodshed." Katanga radio messages said the Katanga troops overwhelmed the UN Kamina garrison and oc- cupied all installations on the former Belgian army base after two days of fighting around the main landing strip. Private radio messages heard in the Belgian UN trust territory of Ruanda-Urundi reportd fighting in a new sector, at Albertville, on the west shore of Lake Tangan- yika. The report said fighting broke out at the Albertville Railway sta- tion between the Katanga Gen- dermerie and members of the UN Indian garrison of 1,400. The Albertville report said two Europeans, ,including a Katanga army chaplain, had been killed in street fighting incidents. decision is expected today. The official news gave no hint of whether Kennedynwould offer sweeping disarmament and nu- clear test-ban proposals 'about which there has been much specu- Iation. Apparently the plane crash death of Dag Hammarskjold, UN Secretary-General, was -a factor in the timing of the announcement, if not in the decision itself. Kennedy has been urged by some advisors to offer a compre- hensive disarmament and nu- clear test-ban program to fore- stall Russian moves. One theory is that the Soviet Union will rush through its pres- ent series of atmospheric tests and then offer to sign an immediate test ban - which would cut off the just-started United States series of underground tests and forestall any atmospheric testing should that be deemed necessary later. Senate, House To Act on 'Bill WASHINGTON (IP)-Senate and House conferees reached agree- ment last night on a compromise measure creating the permanent Peace Corps requested by Presi- dent John F. Kennedy. The bill authorizes $40 million for the first year's operation, and contemplates having 2,700 corps volunteers abroad or in training next June 30. The compromise bill will be taken up in the House for adop- tion today with Senate action to follow. The Senate agreed to House language under which no volun- teers can be sent to Iron Curtain countries except on a specific find- ing by the President it is in the national interest to do so, The House agreed to Senate lan-, guage putting a ceiling of 275 on the number of paid employes the corps may have in the United States. The conferees agreed that no more than 30 corps officials can be na.id without regard to Civil Serv- Bietas Allow Year To Alter Rush System Beta Theta Pi has, in effect, given its Williams College chapter one year to attempt to alter Wil- liams' "total opportunity" rush system to conform with the Beta national constitution. The Betas' national convention did this by suspending for one year the injunction which forbade the Willams chapter to initiate new members, Gordon Eliker, '62, presi- dent of the local Beta chapter, explains. Eliker says Williams Betas with. whom he talked at the fraternity's August convention were confident the system would be changed. The' 'Beta national had objected to "total opportunity" because this system could force the Williams chapter to accept a member not approved of by every local active. One hundred per cent chapter agreement in membership selec- tion is a basic tenet of the national constitution, Eliker says. The total opportunity system, adopted at Williams last year, guarantees that every student who rushes will get a bid' if he lists all fifteen of the Williams frater- nities in order of preference and has visited all of them. The national convention made its attitude plain by passing a general resolution opposing "any system of guaranteed member- ship," Eliker says. He denied that the injunction, issued originally by the Betas' executive general secretary at the order of the Board of Trustees, was discriminatory. (One of the Williams pledges, all of whom were finally initiated early this month after the injunction was sus- pended, was a Negro.) There have been several Negro. Betas, including men at Connecti- cut Wesleyan and Kenyon Col- leges. The Dartmouth College chapter, which effectively with- drew fromthe national last, year after levelling charges of bias,' has returned to normal status,, Eliker reports. The lifting of the injunctinn , i BelieveDeath May Initiate New Changes Secretary General Dies in Air Accident On Route to Talks By The Associated Press UNITED NATIONS-2Dag Ham- marskjold's death in a jungle plane crash yesterday dropped a curtain of gloom over the United Nations General Assembly as it brought the Security Council into a closed afternoon session to con- sider the impact on the world organization. There was general recognition that the tragic death of the secre- tary-general in line of duty could set offan East-West dispute that could rock the very foundations of the UN. Hammarskjold was found dead in the fire-blackened wreckage of a plane that had been flying him to Ndola on a Congo peace mis- sion. Near Landing Hammarskjold was near a land- ing at this border copper belt center for cease-fire talks with secessionist Katanga's President Molse Tshombe when disaster struck him and his entourage over the Ndola forest reserve. A N spokesman said he could not definitely rule out sabotage ; shooting as the cause of the 'crash of the plane-a four-engine air- craft. Hammarskjold had been UN sec- retary-general since 1953. He died on the eve of a General Assembly ' session due to deal withasuch prob- lems as Berlin and Red China. Expect Opening Delegates expected the 99-na- tion Assembly would open as scheduled this afternoon, then adjourn immediately for at least 24 hours in respect to Hammar- skjold. There is no provision in the UN charter for anyone succeeding the secretary-general in the event of his death while in office. Hammarskjold's present five- year term was due to run out in April, 1963. Thus the Council must recommend a successor to 'the General Assembly. Expect Veto Diplomats expect that the Soviet Union would veto any single can- didate presented. Fears were expressed on the Senate floor that Russia would throw the UN into turmoil over the choice of a successor to Ham- marskjold. Several senators expressed be- lief that the Soviets would try to put across their "Troika" scheme divided among the Communists, the West and the neutrals, each with the power of veto. It would take an amendment to the charter to effect this change. Charter amendment requires A two-thirds vote of the Assembly, including all five permanent mem- bers of the council. This raises the prospect of an indefinite East-West deadlock. Schaadt Sees .r No Fee Hikes The residence halls will hold the line on fees and avoid cut- backs in services this year, Busi- ness Manager Leonard A. Schaadt said yesterday. A frozen wage scale and a moderate rise in food prices allow the University to maintain the same rates and services as last year, Schaadt said. Sunday night CHA LLENGE KEYNOTE: Leonard Views Causes of Nuclear War Calling You The editorial and business staffs of The Daily will hold organizational meetings at 4:15 p.m. today and tomorrow and at 7:15 Thursday at the Stu- dent Publications Bldg., 420 Maynard Street. All interested students are invited to attend. No writing or previous business experience is necessary. If you are unable to come at these times come By JUDITH BLEIER "There is a hush in our land that is disquieting," noted Prof. L. Larry Leonard of the Duke University political science depart- ment last night. Prof. Leonard, keynote speaker for the third Challenge lecture series was exploring the "Causes and Purposes of War" in the light of the effects of thermo- nuclear warfare currently at the disposal of 23 nations. "Our power today is more des- tructive than ever before," he said. "Our greatest challenge is not to. despair but to turn to a ser- ious and creative work on the problem of achieving peace." Vall T Vnni ,fs Although war is a persistent factor in human history, it has been regulated in the past by the force of neutral powers, inter- national law and self-imposed rules, Prof. Leonard indicated. But the nuclear power at our dis- posal today has made necessary new strategies and adjustments on the part of governments and whole societies. Although we have witnessed some protests and demonstra- tions, Americans have failed to discover the full implications of our scientific and technical achievements. "We act as if we were dealing with symptoms ra- ther than real problems." .'Striking Parallels Prof. Leonard recommended four major steps in the hope of easing. the tense situation existing be- tween the East and the West. Suggests Agreement 1) He suggested that the two great nuclear powers immediately conclude an agreement that neither side will be the first to initiate a nuclear war. "Even a pronouncement of this sort would do a good deal to relieve con- cern," he feels. 2) He advocated an intensified cultural exchange program be- tween Russia and the United States. 3) He urged that both govern- mental and non-governmental in- stitutions make shbstantial mon- i II I I 44: i i