THE MICHIGAN DAILY IRECT DIAL: Bell Telephone Extends Service to Ann Arbor '6 Ann Arbor dialers may now reach over 50 million phones in the United States and Canada by direct dial, Bell Telephone Company instal- led over $115,000 wprth of equip- ment this summer to effect a direct dial system for the Ann Arbor area. There is no change in local procedure in the home code number (313) area. Ann Arborites may dial Chelsea, Dexter, Manchester, Plymouth, Saline, South Lyon, Whitmore Stuy Shows tredit Rises, Debt Constant Consumers who now use in- stallment credit devote 17 or 18 per cent of total personal income to repayment of debts, two U ni- versity professors report. In a chapter of "Hire Purchase in a Free Society," Profs. Paul W. McCracken and James C. T. Mao, of the business administration school, indicate that the ratio of debt repayment has remained con- stant. Further data, gathered by the University Survey Research Cen- ter, shows that the ratio may even have declined. The professors explain that the growth in consumer installment credit does not indicate that fam- ilies are getting deeper into debt. In, fact, it only shows that more families are npw using credit op- portunities. The chapter points out that the use of credit in the United States in not associated with the poor but is, rather, a middle class phe- nomenon. Also, more families in the younger age groups use credit and contract personal debt. Approximately two-thirds' of those people in each income group between r$3,000 and $10,000 have some personal debt. A higher pro- portion of those in the highest in- come brackets, $10,000 or over, have personal debt than those in the lower brackets. Lak and Ypsilanti without extra toll charge. To dial other areas in South- eastern Michigan, area 313, per- sons should dial "1" to reach the direct dial equipment, then dial the desired seven digit number. In out-area 'calls, other than $13, dial "1," then the area code. On long distance calls, the opera- tor will request the number of the phone from which the call is made. That will be .the only point where an operator enters the pro- cess of direct dial. Operators will howevei-, con- tinue the usual procedure for person -to - person, collect and other special calls. Cryogenics H VU, Has Fture Cryogenics-the science of ex- tremely low temperatures-is in- creasing in importance in fields such as rocketry and electronics, the engineers and scientists at- tending the 1961 Cryogenics Engi- neering Conference concluded. "The whole cryogenic field re- ceived a terrific shot in the arm from space uses of cryogenic flu- ids, but now what we have learned is having considerable influence in other fields," Prof. Gordon J. Van sWylen, conference chairman and chairman of the, mechanical engineering department, observed. These days the use of liquid hy- drogen and even liquid helium (which boils at 45 degrees below zero Fahrenheit) is becoming al- most routine, he continued. Taylor Talk To Precede Open House Prof. Harold Taylor, president emeritus of Sarah Lawrence Col- lege will speak to all interested and incoming students at 4:00 p.m. today at Hill Aud. on "The Future of American Youth." Prof. Taylor is an educator, au- thor of over 200 articles in books and journals of philosophy and ed- ucation, an editor, and a teacher of philosophy. Since retiring from Sarah Law- rence he has toured Asia and the Soviet Union under a special grant from the Ford Foundation and has conferred with political leaders and educators about the educa- tional and social problems of Asian countries. He has also engaged in lecturing at colleges and universi- ties across the country. Taylor is also active in the Na- tional Student Association and the New York State Committee on Discrimination in Education. His address will preface open houses at a majority of the reli- gious centers on " campus Friday evening. Students Win Awards For Writing Eight University students re- ceived awards for creative writing in the 1961 Hopwood summer con- test. Top winner in the fiction divi- sion is Margaret E. Bailey, '62, who received $75 for "Three Short Stories." Prizes of $50 went to William D. Elliott, Grad, for a novelette, "-'The Fiddler" Nancy R. McCortney, '62, for "Collec- tion of Three Short Stories"; and Dee Anne Schroeder, '62, for "Two Short Stories.". Peter A. R. Calvert, Grad, re- ceived the sole drama award, $50 for a sort play entitled "The Union, Forever!" In the esay division, a $50 prize went to Sara Weeks, '62, for "Love etters: An Interpretation of Ger- ard Manley Hopkins." Two $50 poetry prizes were awarded: Norman Linville, '62, for "Poems"; and William D. Elliott, grad, for "European.Sketches and other Poems." A college educated individual earns $100,000 more in his life- time than high school graduates, a government and college survey reports. This amounts to an 11 per cent per annum return on the indi- vidual's "investment," Hollis W. Porter, director of the Founda- tion for Research in Human Be- havior reports in his doctorial dis- sertation, "Using Technical and Social Knowledge in Economic Development." This "investment" includes the loss of earnings while in school, tuition and other direct costs paid by the student and his fam- ily, and in direct costs such as scholarships. If everyday living expenses such as food and housing were not in- cluded, Peter points out the rate of return would be much higher. Intangible Ninety per cent of the increase in goods and services produced per person in the United States in the past 50 years has come from such intangible investments as re- search, education, technology and social organization. National Bureau of Economic Research studies indicate that only ten per cent of the increased pro- ductivity can be properly assigned to increases in tangible, physical capital. Investment in education has risen 4.5 times as fast as the growth in production of goods and services since 1900. In this same period total costs of secondary and higher education Dean Gibson Dies After Long Illness Associate Dean William C. Gib- son of the School of Public Health, died August 17, after an illness of several months. Prof. Gibson, 46 years of age, joined the school in 1950. He serv- ed four years as secretary of the Public Health School, as acting dean during 1959-60 and was ap- pointed associate dean in Jan. 1961- College Ups Student's Income SEEK D have risen from four to 25' ier cent of the .country's gross physi- cal capital formation. 'The stepped up pace of invest- ment in education, research, and other activities which represents greater use of social and technical knowledge help explain produc- tivity increases amounting to .1.7 per cent annually during the past century," Peter observes. Durner To Head, Air Force ROTC Lt. Col. Dwight E. Durner, for- mer comptroller with the 49th Tactical Fighter Wing in Ger- many, has been named chairman of the University Air Science De- partment. Durner, World War II aircraft navigator and holder of the Distinguished Flying Cross and Air Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters, replaces the retired Maj. Robert M. White. Durner gained a BA degree from the University in 1950. A goal of 20,000. pledges h been set by the University's E Bank to help insure a continuin supply of eyes for persons wit corneal blindness, the Medic Center has announced. Since the Michigan Eye Cc lection Center was established 1957, the eye bank has receive donations of 166 'eyes. Of thee 103 were used for cdneal tran plants performed at Universi Hospital; the others were used f operations in Detroit, Flint an Owosso, and for research in -pe fecting technques of transplana tion. Eyes can be used regardless c the donor's sex or color. Eye Ba Sets G( Fall Orientation Convocation DR. HAROLD TAYLOR, Educator-philosopher "The Future of American Youth" 4:00 P.M. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15 HILL AUDITORIUM DRAWINGS AND PRINTS P E T E R D I SEPTEMBER 5-29 PAPER-BOUND Huge stock for all classes PROMPT SERVICE On Special Orders OVERB ECK'S BOOKSTORE iJ06~the 6vatIer 201 NICKELS ARCADE . ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN t !k !1~~ ou at 312 South State TWO STORES ... 1203 South University .0.. 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