Seventy-Second Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS ere Opinions Are Free STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MicH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Truth Will Prevail" Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. OSA IN TRANSITION: Confusion in Quad Control EUROPEAN DATELINE: Paris in Paralysis: day of the Greve' t, DECEMBER 5,1961 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL OLINICK Si gma Nu's Bias Clause: What Will.Happen Here? HE DILEMMA faced by Sigma Nu social fraternity at Cornell University during the t week spotlights a dangerous situation for chapter here. It may well turn out that ma Nu locals will be kicked off both cam- ses Lt Cornell; the chapter was placed on dis- linary probation by the Interfraternity uncil for "insufficient efforts" to remove bias clause. Here, the Sigma Nu local is of the last fraternities known to have an rt bias clause in its constitution. Article section 4 states: "MEMERSHIP QUALI- DATIONS. Members must be MEN, free born I of free ancestry, and without Negro blood, -i have'the dharacter and bearirgg of gentle- ft Cornell the probation period will last :11 September 1962, and if the local does , get rid of its clause by September 1963 will be banned until it does. At the Univer- r, the fraternity's discriminatory clause is direct violation of Regents Bylaw 2.14; stat- that "the University shall not discriminate Onst any person because of race, color, re- on, creed, national origin or ancestry." be only action currently taken to implement 4 ruling is the requirement that affiliate ups must submit their constitutional and ier relevant data concerning membership action criteria to the Office of Student A- .. Student government Council's Committee Membership Selection in Student Organiza- r, is currently viewing the statements, while the same time the Council is debatihg ether to set up a deadline for their sub- sion. After this, the body will sooner or er have to come to some ,sort of decision whether certain affiliate charters violate Regents Bylaw, and what penalties to e'ss for such non-obediance. - EITHER UNIVERSITY in the future levels an ultimatum upon the Sigma Nu chapters get rid of the clause or get off campus, the ternity will have four courses of action: .) disband and get off campus, ) disaffiliate from the national and go al ) persuade the national to drop the clause, ) obtain a waiver from the national to e the local autonomy on the one clause. hapter presidents at Cornell and the Uni- sity have said that their houses ,absolutely not desire to pursue the first two choices. e possibility of successfully following the rd is also miniscule, as Sigma Nu, like most ternities, is dominated by Southern chap- 5, who are not noted for their ardent will- ness to remove racial requirements. 3ut it;is very possiblethat Sigma Nu locals x obtain a waiver. Before 1960, the national I chosen to lose several chapters (including s at Wesleyan and Syracuse) rather than uiesce to the rules of the universities in- Ved. However, last year the national came ough with a new policy providing that a ver would be granted if a chapter applied one,'If there was a definite threat to 'the pter's existence and if the chapter exhibited cific opposition to the threat. Ln SOC deadline similar to the 1963 limit Cornell would certainly constitute a threat the local's existence, and "specific opposi- i" would be attained easily enough by tements at constitutents time at council etiings or by letters to the editor. Although national has not yet granted any waivers ce 1960, and although the chapter here is I uncommitted as to whether it would apply a waiver if necessary, it seems likely that, forced, the local here would go for the "Blink RRISTMAS TIME is here! And South Quad- rangle has done it again. Atop the kitchen f sits a quaint, glaring sign which flashes oel" . . ."Moderne" . . . "Noel" oderene" This is clearly a good idea. Next r, one hopes East and West Quads follow ith's example with "Snowflake" . .. "Ball" ,lly" . . . Hop", signs. ut why stop at this? The Administration ilding should brightly announce "Season's etings" in red and green neon. Perhaps Bell Hall's "Religion, Morality' and Know- ge Being . . ." could be given that Christ- s tint. After all, these are the things that ke Christmas worthwhile . . . worthwhile . worthwhile --R. KRAUT waiver. The national, preferring not to lose a chapter at one of the nation's best univer- sities, would probably grant it. BUT THERE IS the question whether a waiv- er would be enough to keep Sigma Nu on this .campus. The chapter would apply reluc- tantly, and only as a last resort. This lack of good faith and the grudging compliance with the Regents bylaw indicate that the local is frankly antagonistic to removal of the clause and to the University's and SGC's commit- ment to non-discrimination. These conditions will have profound in- fluence on SGC discussions. It is now not only politically safe, but popular to attack dis- trimination. This may be enough to influence the moderates on the council who hold the balance of power between the six or so liberals and the six or so conservatives. In addition, the two factions are split not on whether bias is desirable but on the methods to eliminate it. A third, unwritten, unexpressed but never- theless existing, factor is that the Sigma Nu chapter here,,on several occasions has acquired a som'ewhat unsavory reputation in the frater- nity system and probably in the administration. Thus, with these complications, it appears that eventually Sigma Nu will go. (Alpha Tau Oiega having already obtained a waiver, may, for the same reasons, be asked to leave campus as well. The only other major question in this situa- tion would be whether Vice-President for Stu- dent Affairs James A. Lewis would veto an SGC move to disband the fraternities. It had been strongly rumored that University Presi- dent Harlan Hatcher, and not Lewis, would make the actual veto ruling, but Lewis said last Wednesday "in all sincerity" that the actual decision would be up to him. In re- sponse to another question by Robert Ross, Lewis, in typical fashion, refused to comment on whether he would veto an SGC motion to throw an organization off campus, claiming that he doesn't like to answer hypothetical questions. In addition, he nurtures a well- known dislike of coercion to remove bias clauses, and prefers more gentle methods. But it is unlikely that he would veto action to extinguish Sigma Nu (or the ATO's). The reasons for which the administration in 1951, 1952 and 1957 vetoed student government de- cisions would not apply now, as the council structure and the particular cases are dif- ferent. 'It also is doubtful that he would deliberately incite any more antagonism from the liberal student and faculty wing. THUS IT IS SAFE to assume that Sigma Nu and Alpha Taux Omega will someday be asked to leave. But it is important to realize that their banning will not fundamentally alter the fraternity system here. The two fraternities, especially Sigma Ni, will probably serve as handy scapegoats for the rest of the blatant, hypocriticaland unofficial bias which charac- terizes fraternities on this campus. It is known that several chapters, having piously removed discriminatory clauses in their constitutions, enforce a religious qualification in the initia- tion rituals. The rituals often demand a Christian response, thus ruling out the possi- bility of a Jew completing the ritual. Many of the fraternities have been very slow in tu'ning in the required membership selection statements, and some of the other statements appear to be inadequate. Only abou five of the campus fraternities include Jews as well as Gentiles. (It is indeed ironic that Sigma Nu has had its statement in since February, and that it is one of the few chapters to cross ethnic lines, as several Jewish men have been members and even officers.) Twenty two fraternities have eliminated bias clauses in the past 12 years, but bias has merely retreated from open declaration to underground practice. Just as it is not logical to say that eliminating clauses eliminates real discrimination, it is no longer feasible to dwell in platitudes about "education" as the only antidote' for removing bias. A recent study by a Rutgers professor demolishes this, belief, citing statistics to show that formal education and a university atmosphere do not sub- stantially affect attitudes toward prejudice. Added to these two poles of frustration (both coercion and "education" are ineffective) are stubborn impediments to change. This is a conservative Univergity, and social change comes grudgingly and only after much sweat. Unlike many other campuses, it is possible to be socially acceptable here without being af- filiated. Individuals clamoring for revision will be outside the fraternity system here. Thus processes for c]Aange within the system will be less urgent. Even the non-directional Lewis has complained about the ineffectiveness of Interfraternity Council's limited efforts (mostly "educational") to encourage the elim- ination of discrimination. Thus Student Government Council is severely handicapped (aside from completely banning affiliate groups) in eradicating bias. But it (EDITOR'S NOTE-The following article begins a three-part series on men's residence halls at the Uni- versity, as part of a continuing study of issues relevant to the cur- rent. re-evaluation of the office of student affairs. The writer has been house president and member of a quad council, IHIC and IQC. He Is a member of'Quadrants, and was a delegate to the 1960 Big Ten Resi- dence Halls Conference.) By RICHARD OSTLING Associate Editorial Director WHEN THE UNIVERSITY went into thehousing business in the late '30's, it put itself in line for more headaches than the average landlord, who doesn't cook meals or collect garbage, and couldn't care less who visits the tenant. Thebuilding of men's residence halls represented paternalism in the finest sense of that word- concern for the student as a grow- ing individual whose educational life extends beyond the four walls of the classroom. The quads also took thousands of men out of semi slum apart- ments and rooms, and assured stu- dents of being able to find decent living conditions in Ann Arbor. * * * BUT AS AN OFF-SHOOT of this constructive step, the University has faced continual problems on how much responsibility it has for the men, in residence halls. It seems clear that the administra- tion has decided it should "run" the halls as much as it can, with students having only an advisory voice in decisions-a voice which often gets laryngitis after meeting a cold front in the offices of Uni- versity officials. At the same time, there is a great deal of anarchy within the administration - staff hierarchy. Lines of authority are vague, and direction is lacking. There is no definite concept of what the men's halls should be doing being put into practice. THERE IS OVER-CONTROL as far as relations with students is concerned. There is under-control within the administration itself. The Michigan House Plan states "the private lives of several thou- sands students must be of more than casual interest to the insti- tution. An example of how this basically sound principle has been perverted is the present status of Inter-Quadrangle Council, sup- posedly the student government over all 25 men's houses. For years, this body, as Inter- House Council, was almost worth- less. Even when the group did' nothing, there always seemed to be potential in its structure. A 1960 reorganization made the body smaller and gave it the dynamism to really accomplish something, given dynamic leadership. This it got with the administra- tion of Tom Moch. Moch's council, now in its last weeks, has shaken a lot of dust off old quad prob- lems, but in doing so it has brought out the limitations of the IQC. * * THE WOMEN-IN-THE-QUADS hassle clearly established that it is the administrators and facul- ty members who establish all poli- cies on residence halls.. The Board of Governors dis- missal of the IQC motion, over- whelmingly supported by students, said the students' private lives were not only a matter of "more than casual interest," but a mat- ter of control. Statements by Board members also raised the question of why this group should be defining such policies. One member's fear that the academic climate would suffer showed an extreme lack of knowl- edge on what the halls are really like. Allowing women visitors, at least on weekends, would actually make no difference in study at- mosphere. The Board membership includes only two students. The adminis- trative members tend to be com- mitted to the status quo, and fac- ulty members can have only lim- ited knowledge about the residence halls. - * THIS TREND of ignoring stu- dent opinion extended to much more routine matters at the last meeting. Projects which repre- sented what Moch estimates as "hundreds of hours of work" by students were altered or held up by the Board. The discussion on the future of radio station WCBN went to com- mittee. An associate membership plan was revised. A policy on han- dling of guest groups within the halls, formulated over the past two, years, was postponed because it could not be considered until an administrator (business manager Leonard Schaadt) had been con- sulted over again.I There is probably a need for such a board of review acting in place of the Regents, who have bigger problems to worry about. But its basic interest should be financial affairs, with details of student life governed directly by IQC and reviewed by SGC and the Regents. At present, Moch and Company have the unpleasant choice of either remaining a discussion group or reverting to a policy sometimes followed in the past, of not bringing issues to the Board at all, since the relationship has never really been defined in prac- tice. THE EXTENT of over-control is hard to characterize on the quad or house level, because the under-control within the adminis- tration has permitted a wide va riety of conditions. The three resident directors ap- parently have different ideas of what they should be doing in the quads. One delegates a surprising amount of detail to the quad pres- ident. Another runs an attempted administrative fiat which has earned him the nickname "quad god." The house situation is even closer to anarchy. As one former RA put it: "Nobody ever told us what we were supposed to be do- ing.". Assistant Dean of Men for res- idence halls John M. Hale admits his resident advisors "have a wide degree of latitude. They stress varying roles of the RA as they wish, and reach the same objec- tives in different ways." Hale fears that if closer control were kept on the RA's "we would get less qualified people or kill initiative." But the result has been that some RA's have done nothing to help the student programs and have taken little initiative in coun- selling, while others have inspired thoughts of the Third Reich. The second type of situation has caus- ed student feelings of persecution and made house governments as powerless as IQC appears to be. Houses vary in quality, and if student goyernment has failed there is some justification for a partially staff-run house. But this should be a temporary condi- tion which ends as soon as stu- dents can run their own lives again. ADMINISTRATIVE under-con- trol can be seen not only in the variety among houses, but in per- sonnel policies. Promotions appear to be automatic, with little con- cern for the actual job being done. If students feel their rights are being violated within the house, there is no clear channel of com- plaint open to them. Resident di- rectors and dean of men's office personnel will customarily back up the RA's, and relief through student councils often has proved ineffectual. Besides a more definite com- plaint mechanism, there is a need for new relationships between student government and staff. TWO interesting experiments are in the works. East Quad Coun- cil wants to become a joint stuix dent-RA group, which might in- crease student power and would certainly improve communication. IQC next month will begin a se- ries of open forums on quad prob- lems to which all senior staff per- sonnel will be invited. If the OSA study committee can bring about more direct adminis- tration, right up to the offices of the dean of men and vice-presi- dent for student affairs, then there is some hope that the quads will start to improve. Caprice of personalities will be lessened, students will be able to define just how much power over their own lives they possess, and faults will be more obvious and easier to clear up. But at present, making con- structive criticisms of the resi- dence halls is like boxing 'with a cloud. By GLORIA BOWLES Daily Correspondent PARIS-THE CITY worked by candlelight on Tuesday until 5 p.m., when the lights came on, signalling the end of a strike which left the city -virtually para- lyzed for a day, without electriety, gas, subway, buses, trains or other essential services. The third major strike this fall hit not only in Paris, but in all of France. 500,000 workers in na- tionalized industries walked off the job demanding higher wages. They contend that government wage scales are not keeping pace with benefits offered by private firms. THE AVERAGE PARISIAN on the day of the "greve," a usual occurrence in the city of late, finds his life seriously disrupted: if he is, for example, a dentist. a hairdresser or in the car in- dustry, he closes up shop for lack of electricity and employees. If dependent on the public trans- portation system, an employer probably could not, in any case, get to work. Students, usually quite adept at finding excuses for missing school, have a good one in the subway strike; many of the professors themselves aren't able to come. The extraordinarily conscientious student couldn't even get a taxi to classes, or work well at home without lights. The day of a greve in Paris is a kind of holiday for school child- ren, who welcome the strikes. But for their parents, these frequent protests are a much more serious matter. ONLY A MONTH AGO, on Oct. 26, Parisians and all Frenchman experienced a similar strike. At that time, Andre Francois-Poncet of Acalemie-Francaise, writing in Le Figaro, mourned the plight of the innocent Parisian victims of the strikes. He noted that the strikes only provoked a French- man's, "bitter thoughts," and he' imagined that most Parisians were thinking.: "What! A class of workers, whose job is to watch over the execution of services indispensible to my life, stops all of a sudden to insure the furctioning of these services, and crosses his arms, without caring about the injuries he's causing me!" "Is this democracy? In the be- havior of these men, indifferent to the trouble for which they are the cause and the damage they inflict on their fellow citizens, is there a trace of that devotion to the interest of others that is the strength of republican states ... . But it's on me, the innocent vic- tim that the blow falls . . . Pity for me . . . Pity for the public!" Poncet's imaginary Parisian also questions the advisability of na- tionalization of industries: He as- serts he was previously convinced by government arguments that only the benevolent protection of the state could insure the proper functioning of those essential ser- vices. But the state is not the model patron it promised it would be, and perhaps even a profit- minded private owner would be more satisfactory, from his point of view. * * * WHAT RECOURSE, if any, does this "innocent Parisian" have? First,most authorities agree that private ownership is out of the question. Besides, Parisian pol- itical scientists, including the well- known Maurice Duverger assert that such a change would not bring improvement. Is there a solution to be found in the law? The Conseil d'Etat, in a 1950 decision, proclaimed the right of civil service workers to strike. The regulation of the right to strike was earlier orseen by the preamble of the 1946 con- stitution, which guaranteed strike rights "within the framework of the laws." But the legislature never took advantage of the open- ing. A more recent decree of May 20, 1961, orders the proper gov- ernment authority, in this case the Ministry for Public Works and Transports, to requisition, or seize, the striking personnel. A temporary seizure does not dis- courage men campaigning for higher wages, and so this decree has proved ineffective. Francois-Poncet, journalists and political scientists have suggested a board of conciliation and ar- bitration to act as liason between the government and workers in nationalized industries. Such a board would be armed with real power to conduct wage negotia- tions, perhaps also strike regula- tions and to enforce them. These same ' writers cite the British arbitration tribunal for the Civil Service, and also a French system of obligatory arbitration of former times, which was aban- doned with the coming of the war. * * * ALTHOUGH they always seem to know the answers, it is not up to the political scientists and the journalists to solve the probleri of frequent and disrupting strikes. Rather, it is to the Senate and The Chambre des Deputies that Parisians, and all of France, look for regulation of the right to strike. Until the legislature does de- cide to take action, Paris will con- tinue to be harassed by national strikes, Frenchmen will find them- selves without electricity and a way to work-and school child- ren will have frequent holidays. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Puritanical- Victorian Tyranny, Segregation! ro the Editor: WHILE THE BATTLE for wo- men visitors in the quads rages in these pages, I would like to call our attention to anqther Puritanical-Victorian (take your choice) convention' to whose harsh dicta we Americans so unwittingly and apathetically bow-the tyr- anny of the separated washroom facilities for men and women. So deeply within us is this prud- ish dogma rooted that even the Voice party has overlooked, the threat it poses to our liberal her- itage. It should though, for every time we enter a washroom we fail to exercise the individual re- sponsibility whose onus we must bear as the real decision-making members of our beloved demo- cracy-(or is it republic?). Alas, yes-for who makes the choice for us? Paternalistic sign-painters, that's who. *, * * NEEDLESS TO SAY, separate facilities are irrelevant in this,, the era of co-educational dormi- tories and the fast-dying dual standard. The "mixed company" joke has an outmoded term since some of us have so disillusioningly discovered that men and women (even college boys and college girls) use the safine dirty words when chatting ' within their re- spective groups. I'll even bet the same dirty jokes are scrawled on the pastel-porcelained walls of the pastel-porcelained stalls in the respective pastel-porcelained washrooms in the pastel-porcelain- ed dormitories of this partially pastel-porcelained university. What's more, separate wash- rooms prove to be wasteful. Pres- ent facilities are more than twice as plentiful as the need demands. Moreover, we have to hire and keep two separate custodial staffs to maintain them. There is no logical reason why we can't com- bine the Office of Men's Wash- room Maintenance and the Office of Women's Washroom Mainten- ance into the more practical and, lest we forget, more passionately democratic OFFICE OF STU- DENTS' WASHROOM MAINTEN- ANCE. I REALIZE this change would have to be effected most gradually. Thusly, for a starter, I suggest each of the University housing" units schedule three open-open washrooms next year. Perhaps later we could charter a bus-trip to the South protesting while testing the bus depots' unboubtedly segregated facilities. I certainly hope this separated washroom myopia is corrected. For once it is I'd be certain the spirit of responsible and rugged individ- ualism would pervade throughout our ivy-ivory-towered community. Boy, then would we ever be responsible! -Henry W. DeZutter,'63 DRAMATIC ARTS: Dance Troupe Exciting AS THE RECIPIENT of the 1961 Dance Magazine Award for inno- vations in dance, Merce Cunningham seemed disarmingly straight- forward in the works he presented last night. The total concern with visual presentation was comparable to classical ballet and the vocab- ulary of movement was, on the whole, that of basic modern dance. However familiar the vocabulary, the performance was brilliant in its clarity and precision. The "Suite for Five" opens on a note of dynamic tranquility and continues to build with pristine clarity and economy. Although the "quiet center" is highly charged, the total effect is hypnotic. We move because we move, IN "CRISES," the subtle psychological relationships are never fully developed (what exactly is the significance of the, elasticities?). The possible meanings are not emphasized but remain subservient to the rhythmic play. Pointed, but as usual delightfully understated (note the bell-bot- tomed black tutus); "Antic Meet" parodied among other things his own work. In "room for two" the third leg of the classical pas de deux is augumented by four more. In "social" Mr. Cunningham comments on how we swimmingly pass each other in dark glasses. THROUGHOUT THE PROGRAM Mr. Cunningham's use of music was not so much as accompaniment but as an equally important form to enhance or undercut the form of the dance. John Cage demands that we hear in a new fashion; Merce Cunningham demands that we see in a new fashion. "I I FEIFFER Whiff -COME Our op jThgR5! qov' ;6NJ WON A MLANS r qoL) IA -to f4AKE ALOWWCS X4WHAT A96 0 ou oiMj& £toUltFAWY~OLO I.i # OUR FA'fl16 " PIPIT1'6W1 A BANK tOAt' i I0 L-P YOO AMRY, MW K!ayu f t56f"MN P15FAtioe' u ~g~L-16O!T Editorial Sta ff JOHN ROBERTS, Editor HERMAN FAITH WEINSTEIN 1J~L, COXRVLA'tk09S. Pmo ts-rf V5t ~~ MACHIN5N M11AW iEoNCr., MA 1 1 05 REAP-~ MA 106' 9tEN'L7 u 005A$50 (MFt,~fA~Jf1'1Ar 400 W~EE_r. ARMoOWORLD, JARI W fORM~ comics' r sl i f 1/104 lmOAU.J?