THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY, Democrats Urge Agreement Khrushchev has made a major break with Leninist doctrine in announcing that war is not in- evitable. The real threat is politi- cal, economic, and social," he stressed. "We must make our desire for disarmament credible to the Rus- sians," Mrs. Elise Boulding of the Center for Conflict Resolution said. Citing the Women's Inter- national League for Peace and Freedom conference with ten So- viet women, she emphasized that "they have a genuine identifica- tion with their government for releasing them from peasantry and making them vitally important to their society. They are positively poetic in their feeling that society is moving forward to liberation from hunger and ignorance." Literacy Workshop Cites Each One Teach, One' I who served on the Literacy Work- shop Committee, said. "But the idea of teaching this to foreign students not trained in education is a new one." It is hoped that these students will teach the method to illiterate persons in their country, most of whom can already speak the lan- guage. "Once an illiterate is taught, he is enthusiastic and teaches others," David said. In the morning, those attending the workshop were broken down to groups of five or 'six persons each in order to get practice in applying the technique. They were told how to secure various prim- ers, charts, and implements,. al- ready being made for three hun- dred languages in which this method is used. The students were told about the psychology of an adult illiter- ate. Where a teacher is normally considered to be on a level higher than that of the student, this re- lationship changes when one works with a person over 25 years of age who lacks confidence in his ability to learn. Astrid Benton, '63, chairman of the committee, conceived of the workshop after attending the Konania Foundation in Baltimore last summer, where the literacy problem was studied. The committee plans to pro- mote the workshop idea at the campuses of Michigan State Uni- versity and Eastern Michigan Uni- versity, and eventually across the country. Engineering. L Grant for Satel By HELENE SCHIFF The High Altitude Laboratory' of the aeronautical and astro- nautical engineering department has been given an additional grant of $450,000, the Office of Research Administration reported Friday. The grant, now totalling $990,- 000, was made by the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis- tration for the satellite research project. The laboratory, directed by Les- lie M. Jones, research engineer in the aeronautical and astronau- tical engineering department, will work on instrumentation of me- teorological satellites. Fred L. Barkman, researchengineer, will be in charge of the project. The research is being done in connection with the Tiros me- teorological satellite program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jones said. The present satellites have a television camera to. take pictures of clouds covering the earth and also a radiometer which receives radiation from the earth and at- mosphere of the infrared part of the spectrum, Jones explained. The researchers plan to place these radiometers in balloons which are equipped with high pre- GraytesPEACE RESEARCH: Soviet Turn Seminar Views ToLeity Of Diplomatic By RONALD WILTON By FREDERICK ULEMAN very The members of the Student is w Law in the Soviet Union since Peace Research Seminar, under tary the revolution has shown a trend the direction of J. David Singer but t away from the "coercive element" of the Mental Health Research Th and toward a "much greater ob- Institute, continued their consi- need servance of legality," Prof. Whit- deration of models of internation- coun more Gray of the Law School said al relations systems at their meet- sellr yesterday. ing yesterday. unde Prof. Gray, speaking at a so- The first new model, presented turn ciology colloquium on Soviet law, by Philip B. Gladstone, '63, dealt to g also noted that the pattern of with the Marxian economic view- for t "educating the Soviet citizen into point. As a basis for his presen- chea a new person" will continue until tation Gladstone used four models they the achievement of the Communist presented by Singer at a previous Th ideal. session. to t Within this ideal, he explained, The first of these holds that deve the Soviets envisage the "creation nation A and nation B, each pro- coun of new responses and attitudes" moting their own interests, will area such that the citizen will act in eventually come into conflict with twee the best interests of society and each other. However these con- the settling of disputes will pass flicts will always be settled by from 'a state to a public function. diligent diplomacy. When the Bolsheviks took power Individuals Deviate they abolished the pre-revolu- The second model views the de- tionary courts but, within a month, viant individual and nation as the found the need of legal regulation force that deviates from a peace- to settle "just the ordinary dis- ful path and plunges the world putes that arise in every society," into war. Gladstone declared that Prof. Gray said. the Marxists reject this view, as c To meet this need, the Soviets they believe that economics deter- established a system of simple mine the conditions within a na- laws interpreted by "lay judges." tion and these determine how an Within months, these judges ask- individual acts. Gladstone said that the third SI model, one supposedly held by Marxists, was not a true model. "They believe that the conflict is either between the working and capitalist classes or the socialist and capitalist nations. 'Thisndoes not hold, because Russia is not. a socialist state," he explained. -- - The fourth model maintains that the fault lies in the system rather than in the individual. "Since they believe there will al- ways be class wars they agree with this," Gladstone said. He explained that the main con- > flict between the United States a4 and the Soviet Union is the com- petition for control of markets and natural resources, and also for sources on capital' investment. Under the capitalist system, the working class produces most of the wealth but gets back little in re- WHITMORE GRAY turn. Consequently, they can buy discusses legality- ed for the establishment of pre- cedent, regulation and trained as- sistance.A Once these requests had been granted, the courts asked someA system of appellate courts to aid ARE STI LL LE legal uniformity and a compre- hensive code of civil law. Their present structure, Prof. Gray not- ed, is "very much similar" to Western law. b GeTHURSDAY EVEN SATURDAY M Elite Research * cision aerial cameras. The pictures BLXDI MEN ELSSOH will show the terrain of the earth DOX OFFICE OPEN and with the data from the radio- meters they will be able- to corre late radiation patterns of various types of terrain, Jones added. In essence the engineers will Dia + be checking out the radiometers NO 2-6264 before they are used in the satel- \i1B lites and improving them where necessary. TROY DONAHUE j b CONNIE STEVENS ANO DIAL NO -6416b DOROTHY "rA farce about eGUIRE fearless Astronauts. O The incidents NOLAN OSd are funny!" - PRW TECHN -Bosley Crowther, .ST mAx swR- TECH N.Y. Times STARTING SUIs KENNETH MORE IRVING BERU in M.oMn nthe CROSBY K -FRIDAY- ROSEMARY ' "THE CHEATERS"a 'CLOONEY*E i systems Relations little. Much of the wealth asted on such things as mili- equipment and advertising, here is still a surplus. ese surpluses bring about a for markets. The capitalist tries have the tendency to - manufactured goods to the rdeveloped countries in re- for raw materials. They try et the highest possible price heir own goods and pay the pest price for the resources get in return. is forces capitalist countries ry to control these under- loped areas. When- too many tries try to control the same there will be conflict be- n them, he explained. PHOTOS by B UD-MOR 03 S. Univ. NO 2-6362 OUTH DUADDIES ONLY 9 "SHOPPING" DAYS Left Until NOEL MODE RN E December 9th GET YOUR DATES AND TICKETS NOW! D SEATS FT FOR TATION OF HO! ING AND ATINEE IN THEATRE 112 NOON ENDING SATURDAY NICOLOR* FROM WARNER BROS. NDAY VERA- LLN I I. 4:10 Arena Theater TODAY Admission Free PAID ADVERTISEMENT C Ihe yn a quid presents Thursday -and Friday THE HAPPIEST DAYS OF YOUR LIFE 7:00 and 9:00 Saturday and Sunday THE BIRTH OF A NATION 7:00 and 9:30 I Department of Speech Laboratory Playbill THE MARRIAGE PROPOSAL ANTON CHEKHOV Forty-six years after tis pre- miere, The Birth of a Nation is still a controversial film. Basing his story on the racist novels of Thomas Dixon, the ambitious young Griffith produced and di- rected a mammoth epic of the Civil War and Reconstruction that was a mile-stone in cine- ma history, for the film sudden- ly maintained a claim to be considered as a major art form. Woodrow Wilson, who had it shown at the White House, de- clared that it was like writing history with lightning. The great audience, accustomed to sentimental two-reelers, horse opera,and farce comedy, parted cheerfully with $2 admissions to view a remarkable historical panorama united to a story of great basic human appeal. The finale, in which the Ku Klux Klan rescues the embattled rep- resentatives. of the Southern code, was surely the most thrill- ing climax yet achieved on film and maintains its effectiveness today.* In the chorus of hosannas, a few critical voices were heard, challenging not the art of The Birth of a Nation but its social message - President Eliot of Harvard, Jane Addams, Oswald Garrison Villard. For if the movie is not, as an eminent film historian states, "a passionate and persuasive avowal of the inferiority of Negro," its most ardent advocate could not deny that it does not challenge a sin- gle' assumption of the system that then and now condemns the vast majority of Negroes to lives of poverty and ignorance. He could truly say that the film buttresses all the strereotyped ,ideas essential to the mainte- nance of discrimination. Indeed, it is no accident that at the time of the troubles in Little Rock, the picture was shown locally "with advertisin~g that claimed this was what happened under integration. "The Birth of a Nation pul- sates; it is life itself." This is the verdict, not of an ivory tow- er esthete, but of a critic who was painfully aware of the po- litical and social tendentious- ness of the film. The film can still pose a dilemma for those who believe in freedom for the arts and yet wonder if the art work is not being taken at the lowest possible denominator and effective most of all as a propaganda message. But this is an obvious burden of democrat- ic freedoms and surely prefer- able to any alternative of cen- sorship and control. Griffith, who accepted com- pletely the Southern myth he had learned from his Confeder- ate father, was greatly upset by the charges of racial prejudice against The Birth of a Nation. Did he not excise the most viru- lent passages from the Dixon novels? Did he hate Negroes? A pamphleteering war ensued. The large profits he made from The Birth of a Nation were lost in his ensuing film, Intolerance, in which he inveighed against lack of human understanding. In his World War I film, Hearts of the World, he included a scene in which a white soldier kisses a dying Negro comrade, which for numerous reasons-a lack of fundamental morality could be advanced as one - would not gain the screen in this enlightened year of 1961. In Broken Blossoms, one of his later masterpieces, he deals boldly with the social problems rection of the distortions found in most history books can be found in W.E.B. Du ^Bois's Black Reconstruction. See also W. J. Cash's The Mind of the South. World War II Is over, but the problems it created are not. The Ministry of Education is con- fronted with a shortage of schools. What is to be done? "Consolidate," suggests a dry voice somewhere behind the col- umns of forms and memos at the far end of the table. "But of course!" is the ecstatic reply of the others around the long table-each restricting his ec- stacy to a whisper so as not to blow the dust and papers off the table. "But of course! Jolly good idea, Surchmite!" (As an ex- pression of their gratitude and because he had performed be- yond the call of duty, Lord Surchmite is bronzed and placed on a pedestal at the far end of the committee room). And "consolidate" they do: "Let the boys at St. Swithens move across country and share facili- ties with the boys at Nutbourne! Jolly good show, Surchmite!" We would be the last to criti- cize the noble work of such de- voted and inspired administra- tors as those in the Ministry of Education. ' Nevertheless, the Ministry has made a mistake. Picture, if you will, the children, the teachers, and the head of St. Swithen's marching briskly up to the portals of Nutbourne Hall and you too must question the Ministry's decision. Yes, St. Swithen's is a girl's school. Im- agine the horror that takes hold somewhere in that mammoth bosom of St. Swithen's head- mistress, Miss Whitchurch (for she is under the illusion that Nutbolurne. is a girl's school) when she reads the Nutbourne school motto - "Defend Thine Honor" and finds boxing gloves in the wall lockers. But what of Wetherby Pond (Alastair Sim), headmaster of Nutbourne? He apparently has not seen the new arrivals for he is smugly rubbing his hands and optimistically anticipating his future. A remarkable adminis- trator (one need but look about the campus or talk to the sub- dued boys that walk here and there for evidence of his abili- ties), Wetherby is looking for- ward to the visit' from the school's governors, certain thit they will reward his talents with a more lucrative educa- tional position. ' Is it any wonder that on learning what has happened, Wetherby stops his smug hand- rubbing, turns to Miss Whit- church and groans: "Someone is guilty of an appalling sexual aberration"? But Mr. Pond and Miss Whit- church (Margaret Rutherford) are no ordinary schoolmasters. They can adjust to the unusual. Reminding herself of her own school's slogan "Effort, St. Swithen's, Effort," Miss Whit- church (who can best be de- scribed as a relic of the Nibel- ungen, a Brunhilde in walking shoes) inflates her full propor- tions and makes a decision: "Cut out biology!' Yet chaos and riot are ahead. Because they are anxious to keep the state of affairs at Nutbourne secret, the simulta- neous visit of the girl's parents and Nutbourne's governors pre- sents a new challenge. Split-second changes (boys i _f r .i } A HANGOUT without A HANGOVE R Drown your sorrows in coffee at the LEAGUE SNACK BAR I