"You're Going To Have To Be A Big Man Now" Seventy-First Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN "Where Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT FARRELL AT THE MICHIGAN: Sellers' New Flick. Barbs for Everyone T WO-WAY STRETCH, starring Peter Sellers, is a wonderful farce in the best British tradition. You can't take it too seriously, or concern yourself about the moral implications, because this is a world unto itself. This light diversion takes a poke at prison systems, prison reform, the British Army, motherhood, and flower gardens. The cast has a delightful time playing out a fairly complicated plot, and when it is all over with, nothing much has been said about any- thing, but for sheer enjoyment, "Two-Way Stretch" is a delightful film. Peter Sellers, as "Dodger," and his two cellmates are just winding up a three-year term, in a "modern" prison. The governor is a firm A 'United Nations' Needs Red China . YESTERDAY, the world read that the colos- sus of the East, Red China, will again seek membership in the United Nations. Nothing yet is for certain, a steering committee merely rec- ommended that the issue be placed before the' General Assembly for debate. The Assembly itself must vote to put the issue on the floor and the Assembly must assent by a two-thirds majority to the admission of the People's Re- public into the UN. For the past 12 years, the American Far Eastern policy has revolved around an intense program to keep this from ever occurring. Par- tially in respect to our despotic ally Chiang Kai-shek and perhaps to placate the right-wing of America, the U.S. has resorted to every means possible including threats to our most trusted allies to prevent what happened Thurs- day. Our policy makers were wise enough to sup- port the New Zealand proposal which the committee passed, but our vote would have made little difference. Fifteen countries in- cluding the United States voted for the reso- lution, five abstained, none voted against it: What is even more significant is that a separ- ate Soviet resolution was also passed by a 7-3 margin. The proposal's wording would have shocked an America of the Eisenhower era: "Restoration of the lawful rights of the People's Republic of China in the United nations." The U.S. and ten of its allies meekly ab- stained. IT IS APPARENT that Red China not only will be discussed at this session, but that it will inevitably gain admittance to the "world governing" body. Our delegate, Charles W. /Yost, was talking nonsense when he said that the United States "welcomes the opportunity to present its views . . ." He knows that his argu- ments have all been heard too often before and that no country except the United States and a handful of others - like the occupational forces on Formosa-can see any "logic" in them. Our UN ambassadors are still clinging (per. haps less tenaciously) to the old policy, at least for the moment. If, when the issue reaches the Assembly, the U.S. resumes the old stance, it will be com- batting the prevailing forces of the' day-espe- cially from the crucial underdeveloped areas of the world. If our leaders reverse themselves, their action will be observed back home not as a tactical retreat but as "backing down" and the wrath of the Goldwater-Knowland mys- ticism will fall upon the administration's head for "being soft on Communism." As far as the United States is concerned the Red China de- bate is primarily an American domestic issue, because That will happen on the Assembly floor is, perhaps for the first time, complete- ly out of the hands of the United States. STRATEGICALLY, at least, a retreat is in order. Bending to the wind is certainly bet- ter than being blown over. What is most dis- tressing is that the issue is looked upon in this country and in the Soviet Union solely as a matter of, strategy for gaining control of the United Nations-an agency to be used as a tool in the cold war. The Red China issue as well as the East German question is thought,-of in the context of a UN participating in interna- tional strife, rathet than in control of it. Preventing Red China or East Germany or any country on earth from participating in world organization is a blatant disregard for the orig- inal purpose of the UN. The United Nations is in no way parallel to a Triple Entente or NATO. True, if we are ever successful in our near- futile attempt to transform the United Nations into an arm of the West, we will undoubtedly strengthen the "western position." But we will at the same time perpetuate a world struggle which neither side will ever win, and bear the onus for destroying the earth's only realistic hope for survival. Indeed, any of the exaggerat- ed problems caused for the West by a Red China in the UN are dwarfed in comparison to the key issues of the day-issues which in the real world can never be settled without China's complete integration in the world's political, social, and cultural affairs. { --HARVEY MOLOTCH Editorial Director believer in rehabilitation, and the sympathy for his charges. He wakes them up gently in the morn- ing, enjoys a cup of tea with them, and even takes their cat for a morning airing. Their rehabilitation program is not all that the governor believes it is, but he's happy in thinking that they're busy with their car- pentry and tailoring, while they actually are conducting classes in safe - cracking, and the proper method of picking pockets. * * * . IT BEGINS to look like this idyllic life will go on forever, but their old accomplice "Soapy" Johnson, in the guise of a vicar arrives with news of a shipment of diamonds which is much too diffi- cult a challenge to resist. The robbery scenes are the high points of farce and satire in the film, and they are carried off with that seriousness of purpose for which British film criminals are noted. The robbery is successful and it begins to look as if the perfect alibi were flawless. There is a catch however, and the picture concludes with a very clever fiual scene -. ONLY TWO COMPLAINTS re- garding "Two Way Stretch." The sound is poor to begin with, and the frequent use of British col- loquialisms and jail slang makes a few of the scenes somewhat diffi- cult to enjoy fully. The second complaint has to do with the promoters of the film rather than the film itself. 'The posters carry a shot of Seller's girl friend adjusting something or other, and underneath, it reads "wickedly funny." This kind of, promotion is not only deceptive, but unnecessary. Sellers and com- pany can make it on their own, without the added inducements of sex. -,Richard Burke warder is a man with boundless LETTERS to the EDITOR Meaningless? . ? To the Editor: CONGRATULATIONS. D. Mar- cus. You have done something that has never been done before. You have chopped to ribbons, a report that hasn't even been written yet. I refer to the pro- posed revision of the Michigan House Plan which Mr. Hale is re- writing now. I agree that a different approach should be used in revising the plan. I also agree that there is a good chance that the report will prove "meaningless" as you put it, but I also think that it is possible that the report will be a good one. How can you possibly condemn a report as "meaningless" before it is even finished? You can dis- agree with his methods, his ideas and his philosophy, but you can- not criticize his report until after it is finished. Wake up, Mr. Mar- cus. -Stanley Lubin, '63E Moong low THAT POPULAR SONG, "The moon belongs to everyone, the best things in life are free," will have to be rewritten. The moon is going to cost $48 billion. -Congressman Carroll D. Kearns (R-Pa) I SIDELINE ON SGC: OSA Vote:* A Rubber Stamp? The Local Parent By JOHN ROBERTS, Editor WHAT IS PATERNALISM? In the late Twenties, the University of Michigan slapped a ban against automobiles on campus, the horseless carriage having al- ready become a problen. A Daily editorial con- demned the action as paternalistic. For almost as long as coeds have been here, women's regulations and particularly women's hours have caused disputes. Critics have labeled women's hours the greatest infringement on fundamental rights since the invention of the pay toilet. They're cited as another gross exam- ple of paternalism. The universities are producing people who accept uncritically whatever they're told, some claim. Their explanation: paternalism. Whenever a restriction is imposed or a stu- dent suspended or a fraternity raided, the charge of paternalism is sure to' be slung around. Unfortunately, paternalism (often per- muted to "parentalism" and also known as in loco parentis), is one of those concepts more often attacked than defined. THIS SUMMER.in Madison, Wisconsin, stu- dents at the Fourteenth National Student Congress subjected the doctrine of in loco par- entis to a sincere (if not exactly 'searching) scrutiny, passing a Basic Policy Declaration condemning it and "the educational habits and practices it justified." Debate on the declaration was sparse and perfunctory, but even from this inkling it was obvious that most delegates had different ideas about what they were voting on, or no idea at- all, which probably explains the near unani- mous vote. It was an important declaration, visionary and frequently eloquent. But it did not clear up the confusion over what consti- tutes paternalism and where, if ever, it is justi- fied. NOW, ALL MUST AGREE that restrictions of some sort are necessary in a large commu- nity, be it urban or academic. Actions which endanger the society or harm other people must be prohibited. Such restrictions are not really paternalistic. At the other pole, all must reject those re- strictions which are imposed as a form of pub- lic relations, to convince the state Legislature and a vast generalized public that the Univer- sity of Michigan is, after all, pretty conserva- tive. It is also possible, though with less unanim- ity, to oppose restrictions which clearly en- gender submissiveness, dependence and cow- mx.Iiie'T rv e mawell hea nnn-naternalistic because it enables them to escape from a dull date. And students themselves often complain- only jokingly, but significantly-that they feel "obligated" to stick out to the last second those occasional nights when curfews are extended. Much nfore debatable is the position which objects not to specifics but to a tone-a tone which results when faculty and administra- tors are automatically acknowledged as .the moral and intellectual superiors of the students they teach, These critics are as apt to oppose the University's protectiveness and frequent lenience as they are to protest restrictions. THE CRITICS of paternalism have an ideal- istic alternative. As the NSA declaration stated, "The vision toward which we strive is that of a democratic university in which all share certain rights of participation in matters of common concern, and of freedom of inquiry, association and development, and where pa- ternalism is replaced by fellowship in the com- pany of scholars." Much as I like the language of this quote, I am not sure that the end sought is achiev- able. Some paternalism is inherent in a uni- versity. Students are not business associates or colleagues of their professors-they are in col- lege primarily to learn, and to learn by being taught. This doesn't mean that the teacher and student cannot engage in two-way communica- tion-but it does mean that however bright and, perceptive the student, he will seldom contri- bute as much as his teacher. The instructional and primarily one-way nature of the student- teacher relationship does not mean the stu- dent need feel intimidated or impotent. THE MOST VIGOROUS opponents of par- entalism are inconsistent in their attitude toward lenience. In theory, they insist that strict enforcement of the minimum possible network of regulations eliminates arbitrary ac- tions and promotes personal character and re- sponsibility. In practice, they seek incompletes and extensions as often as the next person. But even in theory I do not oppose lenience and the efforts of the University to mitigate penal- ties incurred elsewhere. If a student is in trou- ble, I feel the University should do what it can to help him-even though this may seem to do violence to his personal integrity, and is neces- sarily a parental intercession. Important changes are pending in the Office: of Student Affairs. Attention will focus on both the philosophy and efficiency of the present operation. The question of paternalism will 0--re a m . a mi..,.i By JUDITH OPPENHEIM Daily Staff Writer IF STUDENT GOVERNMENT Council knew what it was do- ing when it passed its Wednesday night motion on the Study Com- mittee on the Office of Student Affairs, it has taken one of the strongest and most admirable stands in its recent history. It has put the Council on rec- ord 1) as expressing official dis- approval of the manner in which Vice-President f or Student A- fairs James A. Lewis created the study committee and made it re- sponsible solely to himself and 2) as expressing its intent to delve into all the issues relevant and, if necessary, to go on record as dis- approving the final recommenda- tions of the study committee. Other portions of the motion, SGC's statement that its delegates to the committee must report back to the Council in open session, its recommendations that the findings of the study committee be re- viewed by the University Senate sub-commtitee on Student Rela- tions and the request that Lewis make available to the Council the full report of the Student Rela- tions committee which prompted the investigation in the first place, are of equally crucial significance. Since Wednesday night, how- ever, several people have expressed the opinion that Student Govern- ment Council did not, in fact, know what it was doing when it passed the resolution. It has been charged that the motion, was passed "over the heads" of certain Council mem- bers who either did not care enough about thermotion to bother reading it carefully or who, on reading it carefully, still failed to heed the significance of cer- tain portions of the measure. * * * THE MAIN SECTION referred to is the paragraph which reads: "SGC does not by this action imply endorsement of the present arrangement in which the study committee functions outside the normal advisory channels of the University. SGC, in fact, questions the advisability of this arrange- ment. By appointing members to serv'e on the committee the Coun- cil does not commit itself to sup- port the committee's final recom- mendations. SGC recognizes and shall fulfill its own responsibility to debate fully all relevant issues, to initiate proposals, and to re- view, evaluate and comment upon the recommendations submitted by the study committee." THE STUDENT GOVERNMENT Council, as the body itself is so fond of pointing out, speaks for the student body of the University. When it passes a motion such as this one, and particularly when it passes such a motion by unani- mous decision, is putting on rec- ord the expression of 25,000 people who comprise one of the three major divisions ofhthe Univer- sity. To say that the majority of the Council had no notion of what they were doing is to accuse them ofah a +.cnnn topic have appeared in The Daily several times a week since the an- nouncement of the study was first made in May. -Theoretically, then, the makers of the motion had the right to assume that their fellow Council members were fully cognizant of the import of the measure they were supporting. The responsibil- ity then was completely with the Council, although the makers of the motion should have clarified their position to the Council, if only as a formality. * ** ON THE OTHER HAND, sup- pose the Council was not asleep as some people think it was. In this case, what will be perhaps the most significant piece of SGC legislation of the year was passed with less debate than was ex- pended on the purchase of new chairs for the Council room. Arthur Rosenbaum asked to have the two sentences regarding SGC's doubt about the advisability of the committee deleted from the mo- tion. The discussion which followed was brief, half-hearted and jum- bled. Rosenbaum protested that he did not understand the lines. Union President Paul Carder said the whole paragraph was unimpor- tant. Roger Seasonwein said the statement meant that SGC wants, and will act to achieve, student representation in this and any similar studies. At no time did either Brian Glick or Daily Editor John Rob- erts, the writers of the motion, explain in great detail the full implication of their proposal and ask the Council to discuss and vote on it as it truly stood. At no time didl the Council demand that they did so. OBVIOUSLY, Glick and Roberts knew what they were doing. Their motion was well-thought out, well- written and expressed the view point Xhich understanding, a sense of obligation to the students and a sense of self-respect should have compelled the Council to take in any case. But is this the view point the Council would have taken in any case? The question now is, if the Council did not know what it was doing, is it fair to have such a motion presented as an expres- sion of student opinion? True the motion was passed-unanimously. But if the sentiment it expresses is not the sentiment the Coun- cil meant to express, it does not seem right to interpret it as a strong expression of unanimous opinion. If the Council did know what it was doing, there is no justifica- tion for the absence of a thorough, searching debate or, if the body was unanimous, at least a dis- cussion in which every SGC mem- ber took part. This should have been the most thoroughly discussed motion SGC has considered in a long time. * * * IT IS OF COURSE, less alarm- ing to believe this' motion was understoo nna nassed without OVER THE YEARS I have often wondered whether Dag Ham- marskjold belonged to an age that is passing or to one that is being born. He was a bold innovator in world affairs, and he opened up a future, having carried- further than it has ever been carried be- fore the principle of international action to promote peace. He was altogether not the mass man of our times. He could be a very good friend, but there was a deep reserve in his character which few if any can have penetrated. In the great public world where the white lights blazed upon him, he lived an inner life of contempla- tion and esthetic experience that had nothing to do with power and popularity and publicity. His di- plomacy had a finesse and a court- liness in the great traditions of Europe. Never before, and perhaps never again, has any man used the intense art of diplomacy for such unconventional and such novel, experiments. * * * THE BIGGEST experiment, for which in the end he gave his life, was to move the international so- ciety of the United Nations from having to choose between a very difficult police action in Korea and sole reliance on debate and verbal expression. He moved the UN onto the plane of executive action without large-scale war as in Korea. This movement from words to deeds, from general reso- lutions to intervention, was best seen during the crisis at Suez, in Palestine, in Laos, and then in the enormous, the infinitely difficult and the infinitely dangerous cri- sis in the Congo. I knew Dag Hammarskjold long enough and well enough, I think, to understand why he accepted the risks of opening up new paths in such wild and uncharted coun- DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room3519 Administration Building before 2 p.m., two days preceding publication. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 23 General Notices Detroit Edison scholarships: One De- try. He was not an innovator be- cause he had an itch to change things. He was a political innova- tor because there was no decent alternative. He saw no alternative to intervention by the United Na- tions in a crisis where there was a bitter confrontation in the cold war. * * * NO CAUTIOUS and timd man would have dreamed pf staking the prestige and perhaps the fu- ture of the United Nations, as well, as his personal reputation and his office, on the attempt to pacify the Congo. But great as were the risks of intervention, the risks of letting events run their course #ere much greater. If the United Nations now fails in what Ham-- marskjold inaugurated, the, pros- pects are that the terrible racial struggle between Europeans and Africans will become deeply entan- gled in the conflict between the Western powers and the Commu- nist powers of the Soviet Union and China. It was" to avert and to prevent this fatal entanglementthat Ham- marskj old dared to use the pow- ers of the United Nations. The out- come is as yet .unknown. But what we do know is that his unprece- dented innovation in world af- fairs has run into fearful resis- tance both in the East and in the West. Hammarskjold's use of the UN to isolate and disinfect the Congo crisis brought on him and the UN the implacable hatred of the Soviet government. At the' same time Hammarskjold did not have the full support of the West- ern powers. In Algeria, in Katan- ga, in Angola, in Rhodesia, and in South Africa there is bitter resis- tance to the objectives of the- United Nations in the Congo. Those objectives are to protect the transition from white suprem- acy, which cannot be continued much longer, to African self-gov- ernment, for which the Africans are so unprepared. * * * THERE IS no doubt that in the administration of the new UN policy there have been mistakes, errors of judgment and failures of personnel. But let us keep it in mind that the cause of the two- sided opposition to the UN action is not the mistakes, which are not irreparable. The cause of the oppo- sition from East and West is a de- termination not to have the UN succeed in what it is attempting to do. For if the UN succeeds, there will not be a Communist govern- ment in the Congo. That is what in fact irreplacable. For Aam- marskjold was made Secretary- General at a time when the UN was really no more than a de- bating society. Except for the po- lice action in Korea, it passed res- olutions which aimed at media- tion and conciliation, but it did not in any important place com- mand executive action. It is easy to say that the world is not ready for international ac- tion to establish peace, and it would be hard to refute such a statement. Hammarskjold, under the fearful pressure of circum- stances, resorted to international action. With his extraordinary diplomatic elegance and finesse, he used successfully international action at Suez, in Palestine, and in Laos. As compared with these the Congo presented a new order of difficulty, and the outcome, now that Hammarskjold is dead, is in the gravest doubt. * * * IF THE WORLD is not ready for what Hammarskjiold felt com- pelled to try in the Congo, it is also true, I hate to say, that this present world is not ready for the kind of man Hammarskjold was. He was a Western man in the highest traditions of political ex, cellence in the West. Khrushchev says that Hammarskjold was not neutral in the Congo, and that there is no such thing as a neu- tral man. Hammarskjold was in fact the embodiment of the nobl- est Western political achievement -that' laws can be administered by judges and civil servants who have their first allegiance to the laws, and not to 'their personal, their class, or even their national interests. No such political ideal is be- lieved to be possible or is regard- ed as tolerable in the' Marxist world. The ideal is not very well understood in most of the rest of the world, and 'there is no use pretending that such public serv- ants are not very rare indeed. So there are times, as now in this hour of grief and shock, when the ideal seems to belong to things that are passing away. (c) 1961 New York Herald Tribune, Inc. Old Crow THERE ARE MORE African am- bassadors in Washington than there are desegregated dime-store lunch counters in the entire do- main of the ex-Confederacy. It TODAY AND TOMORROW- Dag Hammarskjold great deliberateness all further actions of the study committee. This study is a matter of gravest concern to every student on this campus and SGC in dealing with it must be as fully accountable to its constituents as it wishes the faculty and the administration to be.