FEBRUARY 9,1962

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

A

FEBRUARY 9,1962 THE MICHIGAN DAILY

VA
i

MICROWAVE TUBE:
Researchers Devise New Helix

Two University researchers have
devised a theory and method to
increase ,by 40 to 100 per cent the
efficiency of microwave trans-
mitting tubes.
Used in radar and satellite com-
munications, these tubes are
known as traveling-wave ampli-
fiers. Studies by Prof. Joseph E.
Rowe and John Meeker of the
electron physics laboratory have
resulted in improvement of the
method by which the signal
travels through the tube.
In this device the signal wave
is carried along a helix, a spiral
of wire which looks like the coil
spring of old fashioned screen
doors.
Inside the central axis of the
helix, a beam of electron streams,
interacting electro - magnetically'
with the signal moving along the
helix increase the energy of the
signal and thus amplify it.
Velocity Constant
The velocity of the signal on
the helix is constant. However,
the electrons inside the helix tend
to slow it down toward the end of
the beam. As they slow down, the
electrons drop out of phase with
the signal. The more the two move
out of phase, the less, increase in
energy the signal receives.
For some time, electrical en-
gineers have realized that the
energy and therefore the effi-
ciency of the tube could be im-
proved by slowing down the signal
wave of the helix, Prof. Rowe ex-
plains.
He' and Meeker accomplished
this decrease in velocity by creat-
ing a theory for varying the pitch
-the number of turns of coils
per inch of the end of the helix.
Increase Pitch
By increasing the number of
turns, the signal is slowed. It
therefore remains more in phase
with the electron beam, yielding
a 40 to 100 per cent improvement
in efficiency, Prof. 'Rowe claims.
On the model being investigated,
the pitch is varied from 18 and
one half turns per inch to 37
turns per inch in the lower end of
the helix. This increase in the
last one and one quarter of the
eight-inch helix keeps it more
in phase.
Tlis improvement means that

Psycho logy
Unit Alters
Class Form
By ELLEN SILVERMAN
In order to accommodate more
students, the psychology depart-
ment has changed the format of
certain recitation sections of Psy-
chology 101, Richard Wagner of
the psychology department said
Wednesday.
Under this new plan, a few
sections were combined into one
lecture section. This will allow 250
students to register for a Monday
afternoon lecture which will sup-
plement the Thursday morning
lecture required for all students.
Wagner explained that this new
lecture section will replace the
recitation section required of oth-
er students. In it, four or five lec-
turers will speak for approxi-
mately one month periods.
Have 'Free Rein'
"This is not as if there were
now two courses," Wagner said.
The teaching fellows have free
rein within the recitation sections
and this is just one way to ap-
proach teaching, he explained.
"It is possible for some of the
teaching fellows to lecture in their
own recitation sections, too," he
noted.
Through the initiation of this
lecture group, the department
hopes that there will be room for
875 students in the course. Al-
though it is a traditionally pop-
ular course, registration on the
first day was "surprisingly slow,"
Wagner commented.
Drop Sections
Another change made by the
department was the dropping of
three recitation sections. Wagner
explained that this allowed each
teaching fellow to cut down the
number of sections he was to teach
from three to two.
To allow the same number of
students to register, however, the
enrollment limit was raised in the
other sections from 20 to 25.
This change folows the division
of the introductory psychology
courses into two parts last fall.
Psychology 100 deals with the sub-
ject as a biological science and
Psychology 101 considers it as a
social science.

For Direct Classified Ad Service, Phone NO 2-4786
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MICHIGAN DAILY
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THE NEW YORK TIMES delivered daily.
Student Newspaper Agency, PO Box
241, Ann Arbor, Michigan. M10
MAGAZINES: For special student
rates, call NO 2-3061 days or eve-
nings. Student Periodical Agency,
Box 1161, Ann Arbor. B1
LADY'S Raccoon Coat-size 12, good
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IMPROVED HELIX-Prof. Joseph Rowe of the electron physics
laboratory demonstrates an inproved microwave transmitting
tube. To increase the efficiency of the travelling wave amplifier,
as this tube is called, he has increased the number of turns or
coils in the last portion of the helix. This reduces the difference
between the electron beam and the resistance in the helix keeping
the two more closely in phase with each other, thereby increas-
ing the tube's efficiency. This project was sponsored by the Rome
Air Development Center of the Air Force.

529 Detroit St.

NO 2-1363

for a given signal gain and power
output, the tapered pitch tube
would be shorter, lighter and re-
quire less power than its untapered
counterpart. These are significant
for use in satellites where any
weight reduction is beneficial,
Prof. Rowe said.
Reduce Length I
The length of these tubes, the
cost of which can run from hun-
dreds to thousands of dollars each,
could be reduced by 20 to 30 per
cent, depending on the particular
tube, he said. Usually, the tubes
are about a foot long.

For example, in a 3 billion cycle
tube with a power input of 200
watts, the best efficiency has been
35 per cent at 2.6 billion cycles.
The new helix will increase the
cycles to 3.8 billion cycles as a
result of the new coils.
The research was sponsored by
the Rome Air Development Cen-
ter of the United States Air Force.
A paper, outlining the research
has been prepared for publication
in a technical journal of electrical
engineers.

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Restyled Uprights

Other Uprights

from $69.501

Hammond Organ was $1455
NOW $1195
Other Hammonds from $595
Used Baldwin Grand Piano
only $395
Used Weber Grand Piano
at $495
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THE NEW YORK TIMES delivered daf
Student Newspaper Agency, PO B
241, Ann Arbor, Michigan. F
GROESBECK: What in the world we
those yellow IBM cards good for? D
someone complain about getting t
twentieth copy from the white re
istrationaires which arebexactly It
the yellow ones. How about an ai
plane ticket next semester? I
CABERIAE KENYON BOYS, Who 14
their pants at Ma's? We've got the
The "I-Crave-Its,"F
JUDY, so sorry that the answers y
copied on our final were all wron
See you Monday when we take
over again. Love, John. F
DUE TO popular demandDr. Cans
will give the second in his series
sex lectures "What EveryStude
Should Know" this Sunday at 3:00
Auditorium E. F
SUE, I love you dearly, but why do
have to take all of the mats back I
day? You could take a walk nc
and then. Errant Boy F
DO YOU often ponder over the perso
al advertisements? Here are son
hints so that you will assume tl
proper fraue of reference when
ciphering these intimate messag
1) Do not use logic or any other r
tional powers you might possess,
Let your imagination run rarnpar
3) Associate yourself with the po
sible suggestive meanings, and 4) A
sume peple writing them are insa
or a little neurotic. Usins. F
WATCH AND WAIT. Soon a math i
structor will be non-linearally trar
formed. F
YEARS AGO the boy who kissed a g
was a cad; now he's just keeping t
his end of the conversation. R
SBX has FREE plasticized book cove
FOR YOU. Save $ at SBX. F
BUY AND SELL used texts at SB
Save 10-20 per cent. Basement SA
F
PLANNED PARENTHOOD' CLINIC. A
vice of physician on birth contrn
Professional counselsonumarria
problems. Clinic hours Tues., ar.
Thurs. 7:30-9. 201 E. Liberty. Ca
NO 2-9281. F
WE PUBLISH humorous greeting car
designed exclusively fat college st
dents. We are looking for good ide
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College Hall Cards, Larchmont, Ne
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DISPOSING of my large library at pr
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books at low prices. Special low pric
on sets of books. Showings at 6
Packard St (near State) from
P.M. to 4 P.M. every day except Sur
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MICH IGANENSIAN
yobr yearbook
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