Zt Atrl jap t ity Seventy-Second Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS "~Where Opinio "Ate Free'STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Truth Will Prevail" Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: AY, MAY 6, 1962. NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL OLINICK Out-of-State Cutbacks: Where Would TheyStop? ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS are report- nation. The Honors Program-which found that edly studying a five year program involving seven out of 10 of its new freshmen were the gradual reduction of the present 33 per out-of-staters--would provide another. cent of non-Michigan students to 25 per cent. The University's decision to cut down on Presumably, the University would hold fast out-of-state enrollment would not be based on at the 25 per cent level, the rationale being this kind of a study, however. It would be a that there is really little difference between simple acknowledgement of the power of Lan- 33 per cent and 25 per cent, but that any- sing and a defeat which could be successfully thing below the latter figure begins to cut rationalized within the framework of the Uni- into the quality of the student body and the versity's current "image." "cosm6politari atmosphere" of the campus. The University is unlikely to consider the The move is prompted by increasing pres-' 25 per cent figure sacrosanct, either. Give the sures from the state Legislature which last Legislature a decade of expanding teenage year came within a hair's breadth of order-' populations and the inability to finance suf- ing the University to restrict its out-of-state ficient new college constructions and pressures enrollment to 10 per cent. Though the bill will build up demanding a cut from that would have had no legal hold on University modest level. After all, 20 per cent is not much policy, administrative officers are reluctant to less than 25 per cent. And once you're at 20 flex the muscles of the institution's constitu- per cent, how big a drop is it to 10? tional status while the Legislature still con- trols $35 million or more in annual appropria- NIVERSITY PRESIDENT Harlan Hatcher tions. has pledged that the percentage of out- State legislators renewed efforts this year of-state students will not dip next year. Pre- to boost the percentage of Michigan residents liminary figures on students admitted to the studying in Ann Arbor. They pointed to the class of '66 indicate that the admissions office large number of students from New York, New has followed through' on this promise at Jersey and\ Illinois and questioned whether the least. A heavy tuition raise, however, could University's student population is really cos- shift the percentages. mopolitan or just representative of a few The argument for cutting down the out-of- geographical areas. state enrollment 'advanced by administrators on the campus issthat there are enough "quali- THEY REFERED. TO figures showing how fied" Michigan residents to fill all the avail- much higher the University's out-of-state able openings. This rationale, of course, hinges enrollment is than that of the other state on the definition of "qualified." Minimum re- supported colleges, and were alarmed to dis- quirements for admission climb rapidly each cover that Michigan imports thousands more year and last year's "qualified" student may no students than it exports to institutions in longer be acceptable. other states. The quality of the students as a whole It is likely that the out-of-state student may can increase at a faster rate when the out-of- find. himself crowded out of the University state percentage is higher: it gives the Uni- by other factors than a ieliberate paring versity a chance to pick up many students down process. Tuition is spiraling higher and from the top high schools across the country. the University is losing its unique position as There is also the intangible, but immensly, an educational institution offering high quality, beneficial effect of encountering the thoughts low cost instruction. and mores of fellow students from all across Non-Michigan residents now pay $750 in the nation and around the globe. tuition fees and this will be jacked up another $100 or more next month. Scholarship aid for. THE UNIVERSITY has played a unique role! entering freshmen who- have not graduated in American education, offering as a state-j ,from Michigan secondary schools is virtually supported institution, an inexpensive and topj nil. ranking education to a diversified and highly Instate students get a chance to compete for talented student population. Regents Alumni tuition grants, but' out-of- To maintain that role, the University will state students must pin their hopes on Na- have to do something about its finances. If tional Merit stipends or affluent alumni clubs. its leaders decide to change the role-and a lessening of out-of-state enrollment certainly ERHAPS A NEW appraisal of the out-of- would-they should at least do so with delib- student is due. Are there too many students erate intentions and after much thought, and from certain areas? How much better does with a new role., clearly \in mind. You cer- the out-of-state contingent perform academ- tainly can't expectto carry on "business as ically? usual" if this haphazard enrollment juggling College Board scores, now being used on represents the usual mode of planning for the instate applicants for the first time, may pro- future. vide one means for checking on the compara- It represents nothing but a fraud. tive achievements of high schoolers across the -MICHAEL OLINICK UNDERSCORE: g Due in Viet Nin Vi ew To the Editor: OVER THE past twenty-five years I have followed with in- terest the work of The Daily, and considered it one of the finest stu- dent newspapers in, the country. I have also had the privilege of knowing a good many of the edi- tors and reporters over the years, and have found them to be well-. informed, aware of their respon- sibilities to the University and to the public for whom they write. It is therefore with regret that I have just learned of the action of the Board in Control of Stu- dent Publications in rejecting rec- ommendations by the senior edi- tors who are retiring this year, and the consequent response of the editors. ** * I REALIZE that the constitu- tion of the newspaper calls for the locus of control to be in the hands of the Board, but I have found in every instance of the exercise of control over the internal affairs of a newspaper by any outside group that the vitality and quality of the newspaper itself has been hampered. This has been particu- larly,true in the case of students who have the alternative, either of resigiing in protest over the exercise of such control, or of in- hibiting their best thinking and writing by reason of the pressures placed upon them. The strength of The Daily has been due to its free and cour- ageous attitude to the reporting of news and events both on and off the campus. It would be a great loss to all of those who' read The Daily to see any lessening of its freedom to take responsibility for its own affairs. -Harold Taylor Sarah Lawrence College Former President, Provincialism To the Editor: MOST OF the higher education in Michigan takes place out- side of Ann Arbor and without any special aid from the Univer- sity. Much of Michigan's higher education is inadequate partly be- cause the University makes only occasional, sporadic and uncoor- dinated gestures toward state leadership. Ituis true that what little is done is often excellent, for example, Prof. Otto G. Grfs re- cent talk to the Central Michigan University faculty on improving honors work. Speaking broadly, however, a vacuum exists where leadership should be. It would be too strong to label Ann Arbor detached, pro- vincial hnd preoccupied. But there is ample room for increased con- cern with statewide problems. Present Constitutional Convention proposals will not make it any easier for the University to give leadership. Quite the reverse. Nev- ertheless, The Daily has been largely silent and passive on this matter, despite the fact that the air the University breathes is Michigan air. Great universities are found only in great states. * * * . I SUGGEST here one way in which The Daily might increase its influence throughout Michigan., Per average square inch, The Daily is quite possibly the state's best paper. Why not sell it on oth- er campuses? It would supplement not rival the local weekly press. You might sell it at cost at first and perhaps later on, it might.pay to insert a single page covering out-state schools. One of Michigan's greatest needs is a first-rate newspaper.. You would be able to help a little, on the college level at least. More- over, you might well broaden your own horizons. There are bound to be many academic crises in the next decade or two as Michigan's younger uni- versities slowly come of age. In such crises the voice of reason' should be made easier to hear. -Michael O'Connor Mt. Pleasant Contribution-.- (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is part of a longer letter The Daily received from Thomas Hayden.) To the Editor: "The younger American writ- ers to whom we shall, one day, be most indebted-and I shall name no names, make no pro- phecies -are precisely those writers who are compelled to take it upon themselves to de- scribe us to ourselves as we now are." IF THE AUTHOR of those words, James Baldwin, were looking now at Ann Arbor, he might in- deed see several of the "younger American writers to whom we shall, one day, be most indebted." I know that I am indebted to the editors of The Michigan Daily for their rebellion against a rigged system. At the risk-of drawing too many inferences fromn news clip- pings, I am compelled to offer some-random thoughts to the edi- torial exiles and to the University community as well. The Board in Control of Student Publications is largely a sham in- .+;*..+; sy +- +rin n - - - of to know the Board's power is sus- pended over their necks, and will drop whenever the editors are "too irresponsible." * * * WITH THESE tangled purposes the Board has moved along since at least World War II, spending the great bulk of its time in a most concrete and sensible role: caring for the Daily's enormous budget. It has not censored an editorial. It has not re-arranged senior appointments, though more than once it "threatened" to do so (and the threats invariably made the seniors more cautious and de- liberate in their recommenda- tions). The Board, is cross-purposed; therefore it may be used against the Daily by the Administration "if necessary" (as far as I know, there still is no rule of law at Michigan, save that which is cre- ated, sanctioned and manipulated by administrative elites). It is in this context that the Board's "in- competence" must be understood. That the Board's members rare- ly know even the names of the staff members they "appoint", that they interview applicants for only 20 minutes, that they ask unknowl- edgeable questions; all this is part of the Board's designed suspension above student affairs and of its contradictory purposes. The Board is not meant to be competent;nit is meant to "move in," when nec- essary. The Board's essential irrespon- sibility only partly involves the fact that it just plain didn't know much about the people whose lives it was re-arranging. The larger irresponsibility rests with the f an- tastic unilateral character of the staff surgery the Board tried to perform. In the first case, it is clear to me that the Board's changes were irrational. In the second case, the Board's own uni- lateralism was self-defeating be- cause the staffs resigned, therefore causing more "bad publicity" than another year of Daily-as-usual could have possibly caused. Ex- pedience does not always lead to its desired results; it can rather lead to the results most feared; it can be "inexpedient." * * * I DO NOT KNOW the ethical basis upon which the Board de- Bided its values to be superior to those of the outgoing seniors, for the first time in a generation. To explain this superiority in strictly legal terms, which the Board has done, begs the issue: of course, the Board is empowered to do the most incredible things by law, but why did it do this? Even if the Board has better talent for moral dialogue an3e senior editors, which I ti doubt, should it implement its moral insights if it doesn't know the names and faces of the people it is moralizing about? At least, the community is entitled to more of an explanation than this non- sense about the Board's "normal and lawful authority." What does Professor Browder mean by "nor- mal and lawful authority." What does Professor Browder mean by "normal" authority? I, for one, am eager to hear the Board inter- pret its purposes, as well as its concrete rationalizations for each staff appointment. Reject the "conspiracy" theory of editorial succession. It presup- poses that in an integrated com- munity, and the Daily is more' humanly integrated than any part of the University, an "elite" can act without the consent of the rest of the community. I insist from experience that the Daily is a far more open institution han its critics contend. Anyone joins. Peo- ple learn to deal with one another in a harsh but rewarding face-to- face way; the Daily is hardly part of mass society. Given enough energy a person can publish what he wants to say; even with a liberal preponderance, any edi- torial view is accepted. *' * * THINK FURTHER ABOUT the "liberal domination" claim made by Board members. First, break up the image of a monolithic regime. Recall three city editors in the last five years: John Weicher, who spent his post- college years writing for Human Events and founding Young Amer- icans for Freedom; Bob Junker, hardly- a liberal Democrat; and now Michael Harrah, who appar- ently desires the third World War. The stereotype: softened, now consider the cdnservative ideology. It did not. exist on the campus three years ago; "conservatives" were people. who studied, worried about Communists, and prepared for business. Today, they are or- ganized-but their pursuits are largely off-campus, not directed toward student affairs. The truth is not that Daily people ostracize and pillory conservatives; the truth is that fewer conservatives want to work on the Daily than do liberals. Again, the Board's action does absolutely nothing to alter this problem, which essen- tially is one of persuading busy liberals to find conservatives to, work for the paper. The Board'sareal concern is, I. presume, about "arrogance," at- tacks on the University by Daily wy-.av Tforr aon- rnn - n - courage people to have the same intensity and intellectuality en- couraged by the very structure of work on The Daily. The University has failed to, recognize that it cannot operate in loco parentis and allow students a free news- paper through which they will be- come adults (just as the South failed to recognize that it could not suppress the Negro and let him read books and have aspira- tions). But the truth is: the University is afraid of controversy. Do not judge this remarkable incident in isolation-judge it in context. Re- call the day in 1949 when the President reversed a student de- cision to do something about fra- ternity discrimination. Recall the day in the mid-fifties when the administration acquiesced to pene- tration by a subcommittee of the House Un-American Activities Committee. Recall the interracial couples who were intimidated by reactionary deans and housemoth- ers. Recall the Sigma Kappa turn- around. Recall even the Univer- sity's fear when students decided last fall that women ought to be allowed in men's dormitory rooms. The University is full.of many terrific, vital people. The Univer- sity is so close to international greatness I sometimes think, that it pales at the verge and clings to the more comfortable crags of these little provincialisms.' The Board is representative of the Uni- versity. The Daily was stopped because the Board was afraid of it -because the Daily writers wanted "to describe us to ourselves as we now are." I do not say the Daily's descriptions are correct. I say something I think is more import- ant: Daily writers want to tell the felt truth, and that has been too much for the University to under- stand,.because the University often does not encourage its people to tell the truth. * * * I AM SURE the Daily staff will be called "immature" (though they went through more self -intro- spection during appointments than anyone can expect), and "irrespon- sible" (though they took more hours to make their decision than any administrators). I am so very proud of these "irresponsibles." Their contribu- tion to the civilization of the dia- logue will not make the New York Times, but neither have the con- tributions of millions of men and women who cared for the truth and a fair deal. The action of these "irrespon- sibles" is truly nonviolent. They have withdrawn support from a corrupt institution. They have plfieed themselves in a situation of risk. They disrespect the ex- pedient law of the Board out of respect for the greater laws of their consciences. They have dam- aged the image of the University out of respect for the, deeper meaningsofea university com- munity. As these "irresponsibles" move freely in their search for meaning, my wish is that the University community moves with them. Daily Editor, 1960-61 -Thomas Hayden, Excellence... To the Editor: FE PRESENT controversy be- tween Daily editors and the Board in Control of Student Pub- lications has continually focused on a point that cannot be over- emphasized. Nearly all comments on the Board's decision - from both supporters and dissenters - have reflected this fact. Phrases such as "the best college news- paper in the country,"' and "jour- nalistic excellence," have appeared in most discussions. The point is that The Daily is one of the greatest .sources of pride for every member of this community. In any communica- tion with students, faculty, or ad- ministrators of other schools, where the discussion touches on the proper role of the American college student, one can proudly single out The Michigan Daily as a paragon example of how an im- portant aspect of that role can effectively be filled. The verbosity of so many a' thrust and parry in the current dispute can obscure this simple but major point. The Board evidently embraces a typical administrator's attitude: a hyper-consciousness of the pub- lic image that dictates tempering "the ardor of youth" with "re- sponsible guidance." But it must be clear that any attempt to cur- tail the freedom which has built' the greatness of our campus news- paper will surely have regrettable consequences. The Board may well ponder Thomas Jefferson's remark about the freedom of the press, ". that cannot be limited with- out being lost." -Ron Newman, '63 Support ... To the Editor: THINK Irspeak for Daily I1- lini staff members and hun- dreds of other college journalists throughout the country in ex- restriction, unwise control of pol- icy, and pre-judging. * * * THE DAILY has stood for years near the very top of the college dailies-both in what it. has at- tempted and in what it has gained. Today, it serves a unique function among college newspapers. It pro- vides a mark to aim for, and a proof that ,excellence in thought and technique is not "beyond" stu- dent editors. We support your stand. We feel your fight is more than a "power struggle." It is an ideological struggle. It would be tragedy if The Daily were crippled by events now in progress. We watch-and wait-in silence. -Roger Ebert News Editor Daily Illini Alarm . * To the Editor: I HAVE VIEWED the conflict be- tween The Daily and the Board in Control of Student Publications with a great and increasing alarm. The content of the phrase "free- dom of the press," a phrase so cherished by members of The Daily staff, seems to be lost in political maneuvering and rhetoric. If the junior 'staff, deciding to support the action of the seniors, and more seriously, interpreting the Board's action as an attempt to manipulate the editorial con- tent of the newspaper, wished to take principled action, it has seri- ously jeopardized that course., The Daily's task, I have always thought, is more than "putting out a newspaper"; it represents an on- going demonstration of freedom. Thus, the train of thought which leads the juniors to seek compro- mise with the Board, so the Board can maintain freedom of the press, is a drastic departure from Daily traditions. If the junior staff wanted to ex- press its refusal to tolerate inter- ference with content of the paper, they should have walked but, re- fused to put out the paper, pick- eted the building, and demanded that the student body support them. Freedom means freedom from constraint, n6t freedom to negotiate when constraint has al- ready been' applied. THE QUESTION rests upon the perspective one takes. on the op- erations of the University; acting as an ultimate check, can the University, or its delegated bodies, resist exercising that check when pressure is put upon it? I think not. The task of The Daily mem- bers then become one of resisting, at all cost, any notion that they will permit the freedom of the student press to become part of the University's political needs in the state-the press is non-nego- tiable. This requires, unfortunate- ly, something the present staff has not demonstrated; a united and concerted effort to effectively op- pose all attempts to treat the Daily as another student activity which may be regulated, limited, or controlled. An effective strike would mean that Daily staff mem- bers, and the supporting student body, perceive a different kind of relationship between University and student - one which holds freedom first and highest in pri- ority, and does not consider freedom something which is sub- ject to "compromise." I realize that the course of ac- tion I prescribe has already a his. tory of rejection on the part of the junior staff. I hope that the content of the phrases we mouth so easily does not suffer. i (fusedfthely,ffree- -Robert A. Haber, '60 President, Students for a Democratic Society Tarnished... To the Editor: CAMBRIDGE is a long way from Ann Arbor, but even from this distance it would seem that the publications board has acted un- wisely. The board has tarnished the image of a great university; and it has done so, I gatheir, for the sake of a policy change which the students on the paper had hoped to make on their own. I know no one who two weeks ago would have disagreed with Prof. Browder's statement that The Daily is one of the freest stu- 'dent- newspapers in the country ; most would have added that it is also the best. But what is happen- ing in Michigan is not freedom, and only a free paper can, over the years, remain great. The Daily is a credit to its uni- versity; the action of the board is not. --Frederic L. Ballard, Jr. President, The Harvard Crimson Board Act with: Regret 4 , gin, THE UNITED STATES is now examining its policy' in South Viet Nam and making ad- justments which will enable the groundwork to be laid for a peaceful conclusion of the war in South Viet Nam. Since 1948 the United States has been com- mitted to the containment of Communism. For this purpose $2.5 billion have gone to South Viet Nam in military and economIc aid. Now thou'sands of United States troops are training Vietnamese and providing troop mo- bility. The capture tihs week of 75 Vietcong guerrillas by 24 helicopters proves the effec- tiveness. But the risk is great. The United States can- not become actively involved in the shooting because Communist China threatens massive retaliation to any foreign intervention. Direct' armed conflict with Red China could easily lead to nuclear war. Therefore, the United States must be able to stop aggression at the limited war level. BUT IT IS extremely hard to defend against guerrilla strikes. The guerrillas have no sup- ply lines to keep open or outposts to protect. By threatening defenseless peasants in the fields, they can obtain food and information. They can hit any government target and then melt into a village or farm. There is only one weakness, guerrillas cannot operate without the cooperation of the people. The anti-guerrilla defense involves two prin- ciples: 1) Provide means by which the pea- sants can defend themselves. 2) Give the pea- sants a reason to fight the Communists. The Editorial Staff MICHAEL BURNS .......................Sports Editor DAVID ANDREWS:...........Aessoiate Sports Editor CLIFF MARKS ...... ..Associate Sports Editor Business Staff CHARLES JUDGE, Business Manager helicopters provide mobility to almost all ter- rain. South Viet Nam troops can stage offensive attacks or they can get to an attacked village in a short time. The peasants are being relocated in central- ized guarded villages., They may go out any time during the day but they can't take out food and they must have a pass to get in. The villages give them protection and an excuse for not cooperating with the guerrillas, THE UNITED STATES is including schools and teachers, water and power supplies, roads and transportation for crops in the cen- tralized village program. This gives the peasants something to fight for, but the South Viet Nam government is negligent in initiating its own reforms. This is partly the fault of the United States. Using the containment policy as a standard, the United States during the 50's was striving for a South Viet Nam government which was militarily strong and staunchly anti-commun- ist. President Ngo Diem has certainly (with the support of United States aid) fulfilled these desires, but in the process political opposition has been crushed; the press censored and in- dividuals purged. He is against reforms and is considered an American, puppet. To continue support of an unpopular government will only help the Viet- cong guerrillas. The guerrilla war in South Viet Nam can be brought to a conclusion. By hair splitting mili-, tary maneuvers we are holding the guerrillas in check without involving Red China. By sim- ilai' political maneuvers the regime or the rate of progress can be changed. The emergence of a popular regime, therefore, will be the most effective form of containment. -THOMAS DRAPER No' Comment THE ASSOCIATED PRESS reports that Mar- garet Ann (Peggy) Goldwater, the attrac- tive 17-ya,-n1A Aonghti j nf + jth n linfrnatnr MAY FESTIVAL: SRussianProgram LAST NIGHT'S May Festival Concert, the "Russian" program, was far more varied than that restrictive theme might indicate. The opening number was "Fireworks" by Stravinsky. This orchestral fan- tasy, opus 4, is a suitable piece of fluff for a curtain raiser; it is Stra- vinsky before he learned to be Stravinsky. We take issue with the last paragraph of the program notes on this point. The fascination of "Fireworks" is musicological: the young Stravinsky, the man who was to exert so strong an influence on the course of twentieth century music, wrote early in his career an explicit- ly derivative piece, giving virtually no indication of ,the individuality that was to come. The "Classical Symphony,'' opus 25, by Prokofieff is coin from' a different mint. Here a composer, already individuated and mature, writes in conscious imitation and parody of a different style, rather than having his compositions unconsciously colored by the aura of his musical ambience. r,* THIS ENABLES him to mimic the overall shape of the object'of his caricature while projecting his own ideas through subtle nuances: the slight over-prominence of the tympani in the last movement, the grotesque phrases in the gavotte, which would surely lead to catas- trophe in the ball room. The performance was one of the finest we have heard, projected with all the requisite humor and with all the fine detail clearly delin- eated. Jerome Hines fought heavy odds in his performance of scenes from Boris Goudunov and was unable to overcome them. Opera excerpts al- ways suffer from the elimination of the dramatic element, which puts the soloist at a disadvantage. Further,-the Philadelphia is considerably larger than the usual opera orchestra and was very much too loud. *$ * * AT THOSE moments when he could be heard, Mr. Hines assured us that his forthcoming performances' at the Bolshoi Opera will be a credit to the American opera tradition. Tschaikowsky's Pathetique Symphony was given a superlative per- formance to end the program. -J. Philip Benkard FRENCH PROGRAM: Concert Wa rm, Precise SATURDAY AFTERNOON'S May Festival program presented a fine concert of French music by the Philadelphia Qrchestra and soloists -directed ably by William Smith, the orchestra's assistant conductor. The program 'opened with Gretry's Overture to "Cephale et Procis," as arranged by Felix Mottl, a 19th century conductor. The overture, in three dance-like movements, set the tone for the concert both in content and performance,: the music was light, the performance warm, yet precise. The concert continued with Eduard Lale's "Concerto for Cello and Orchestra" played by the. Philadelphia's ,first cellist, Lorne Munroe. The concerto principle involves the opposition of two equally important kinds of sound: solo instrument versus orchestra. While Mr. Munroe played well, his tone seemed a bit thin and failed to project enough to achieve an identity equal to that of the~orchestra. * * * AFTER INTERMISSION, the orchestra played Darius Milhaud's "Suite francaise." Originally written for band then re-scored for orches- tra, Milhaud's suite contains five movements, each representing a Frennch nronvince. ,{. :°4 "d A .: