WHAT GOOD ARE WOMEN? See Page 4 Y L Sir A ~E~aitF FAIR, WARMER High-54 Low-32 Temperature climbing for a sunny weekend. Seventy-One Years of Editorial Freedom VOL. LXXIt, No. 140 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 1962 SEVEN CENTS EIGHT PAGES Professors Explore Learning'Programs Subcommittee Sponsors Series On 'New Educational Technology' By CAROLYN WINTER Four University professors yesterday explored the potential of programmed instruction to teach facts and change attitudes. The application, effectiveness and future of programmed learn- ing were discussed in the first of three panel discussions on the sub- jects sponsored by the University Senate Subcommittee on Improve- ment of Instruction. Members of the panel were Professors H. R. Crane of the physics department, Harlan L. Lane and John Milholland of the psychology department, and F. Rand Morton of the romance languages depart- ment and director of the language laboratory (on leave). The panel y pointing to school segrega- tion. He says Congressional ac- tion "to authorize the use of more flexible devices and ad- "The judicial process is slow, it is in many respects cumber- some, it operates within the framework of a case," he says. Both the executive and judi- ciary must devise new methods for solving these problems. Prof. Kauper's analysis re- veals a wide variety of available tools. JUDICIARY-The most po- tent weapon is the injunction, "a particularly effective and See KAUPER, Page 8 ....... . . ......a.. .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . .............................".. .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...........................\."...................,............ ........... ...s.. . . ............."....................r Conservatives Block S plit4 Tax Move As Moderates Dn aRebates 4 - If U.S. To Adid Educational TV Stations 'U' Center May Join In Federal Program The University television station may be able to snatch a piece of the $32 million pie created Mon- day when the House of Represen- tative passed a bill authorizing aid to educational television. Prof. Garnet B. Garrison, Uni- versity director of broadcasting, says the station may be able to apply directly for assistance, either independently or through a state committee. Lynn M. Bartlett, state superin- tendent of public instruction, may initiate early discussion with a citizen's committee, studying edu- cational TV facilities. The five-year federal matching grant program will be under the direction of the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. It would give nonprofiteducational groups up to 50 per cent of con- struction costs of educational tele- vision facilities. It would also pro- vile up to 25 per cent of con- struction costs for existing fa- cilities. Prof. Garrison believes that this bill is a good start in helping to develop educational TV. Under the bill, a state could get up to $1 million. Prof. Garrison estimates that if a state were to construct a new state-wide educational TV system, it could cost some $8-12 million. The $2 million total which the state could have available through matching the federal grant with its own $1 million could greatly enlarge existing facilities. He also said that Michigan is not too far behind other states in educational TV planning. EASTON LECTURE: Behavioralist Explains What He Stands for By RICHARD KRAUT "'Behavioralism' is the most discussed and the least understood: word in political science today." So said Prof. David Easton of the University of Chicago who de-! scribed the content and significance of the behavioralist movement last night at the Political Science Graduate Roundtable. "It is one of the most exciting revolutions in political science in the last one hundred years." Although the movement has no inviolable tenets, Prof. Easton said, it consists of several basic assumptions. First it says there are certain regularities in political behavior that can be treated by rigorous means of analysis. This behavorial analysis Detroit Papers Resolve Strike DETROIT (M-Representatives of Detroit's two metropolitan daily newspapers and the Teamsters Union yesterday reached tentative agreement on contract terms, clearing the way for termination of a strike that has idled the papers for more than a week. The argeement covers separate contracts for both papers and Robert C. Butz, secretary of the Detroit Newspaper Publishers As- sociation, said he assumes that both the morning Free Press and the afternoon News would resume publication soon. "This new development in teach- ing constitutes a complete new approach to learning," Prof. Lane said in opening. The programmer must decide what behavior he wants from the student and then program to re- ceive this response. Programs can shape general attitudes and behav- ior patterns by aiming at the spe- cifics, he said. Programs have been used with verbal patterns which effect non- verbal behavior, he pointed out. He cited a study in a University Elementary School class where the popularity pattern was changed by this method. Prof. Milholland said that he cannot see how programs can be perfected except by each program- mer learning from his own mis- takes. Restrict Use Of 'U'Johns By MICHAEL OLINICK Several men's rest rooms throughout the campus area will be closed each day in an effort to curb loitering and thefts, Uni- versity administrators announced yesterday. "We hope to gain better control and more supervision of the rest rooms without working hardships on anyone," Vice-President for Student Affairs James A. Lewis explained. Lewis, Vice-President for, Academic Affairs Roger W. Heyns and Vice-President for Business and Finance Wilbur K. Pierpont reached the decision after reveiwing a survey made by the plant department. The rest rooms which will be closed during the evening hours are not necessarily the ones which have been most seriously afflicted with loitering problems, but ones which are easiest to shut. while still providing "ready access" for the public, Lewis said. The survey was taken to determine which fa- cilities could be most easily closed. He said that much of the prob- lem is caused by people not con- nected with the University who are using the rest rooms after the hours when student and fac- ulty use is the greatest. The order to close certain of the rest rooms, issued by Plant Mana- ger Alfred B. Ueker, is not a "rigid or final" one, Pierpont said. Buildings affected by the move include the Undergraduate Li- brary, Angell and Mason Halls, Business Administration Bldg. and Architecture and Design Bldg. HRB Project Gains SGC's Endorsement Student Government Council has endorsed Project Welcome, sponsored by its Human Relations of the political system is separate from the ethical evaluations which are made by the traditionalist school of political science. Natural Science. In political science, as in natural science, theory and re- search are closely entwined. A hy- pothesis is made and tested by gathering all relevant information. In addition it's strictly theoreti- cal sense, the study of political behavior may be used to solve "ur- gent practical problems." Prof. Easton expects that political sci- ence will "once again return to the fold of the rigorous social sci- ences," including anthropology, so- ciology and psychology. "This movement means more than the usage of scientific tech- niques," Prof. Easton said. "It em- phasizes the . coming of age of theory in social science with a commitment to the empirical na- ture of science." Emergence of Name The emergence of the name "be- havorial science" reflects the fact that two new ingredients have been added to social science." They are the attention that is being giv- en to empirical theory and the attempt to locate "stable units of analysis." Several stable units from which generalizations can be made have already been suggested. The most prevalent and general unit is the study of the decision. CARLTON MORRIS ... conservative leader REGENTS: OSA Action Faces Delayl The Regents will take no action today at their regular meeting on1 either the Office of Student Af- fairs Study Committee Report or on a proposal to modify the Uni- versity's lecture policy. Vice-President for Student Af- fairs James A. Lewis reported that both items will probably be con- sidered at the May meeting. University officials also said that the Regents will make no decision in the matter of student fees until the appropriation by the Legis- lature is definite. The bill is still lodged in the Senate Appripria- tions Committee. It will likely stay there until final .legislative action on added taxation. The Regents are expected to appoint a new director of the University Press, where +dwin Watkin is currently acting direc- tor, and also an assistant director of the McMath-Hulbert Observa- tory to succeed Prof. O. C. Mohler, who was recently appointed chair- man of the astronomy department. GroupSplits Over Money To Localities Sen. Morris Leads Regulars' Filibuster; Next Session Tuesday By FRED RUSSELL KRAMER Senate conservatives, headed by Sen. Carlton H. Morris (R-Kala- mazoo), filibustered yesterday in hopes of capitalizing on dessension among members of the Democrat- Republican coalition who seek a revision of the state's financial structure keyed to a flat-rate per- sonal income tax. The disagreement has centered around a measure to rebate to lo- cal units of government a portion of the revenue collected under' a new tax structure. This would al- low a reduction in local property taxes, a move favored by most Re- publicans. The more conservative members of the pro income tax coalition favor a rebate from the income tax while the moderate Re- publican members favor a rebate from other sources which repre- sents a compromise with the Dem- ocrats in the group. Sen. John H. Stahlins (R-Beld ing) says the 10 Democrats in the coalition do not favor any rebate to local units. "The governor doesn't like it and favors instead a reduction of the sales tax to three per cent," he said. Governor Yields However, the governor is willing to compromise. He has given his approval to a plan now on the floor of the Senate which pre- scribes a rebate to local units of the fourth cent of the sales tax, Stahlin said. Sen. Frederic Hilbert (R-Way- land), however, favors a direct re- bate from the proceeds of the in- come tax. "The relief of the prop- erty tax burden is the crucial issue in my acceptance of an income tax program. I am still not commit- ted," he said. Sen. Thomas F. Schweigert (R- Petoskey) said at least four or five members of the coalition are like- wise still not satisfied with the compromise. He listed himself, Hilbert, Stahlin and Sen. Haskell L. Nichols (R- Jackson). However, he said, if a satisfactory arrangement can be worked out, at least two or three members of the conservative bloc will join the coalition; he listed Sen. Harold B. Hughes (R-Clare). Speaking for the conservative bloc, Sen. Paul C. Younger (R- Lansing) said, "the battle is just starting." At present, however, he does not see a reunification of the Republican party. He noted that Sen. Frank D. Beadle (R-St. Clair), majority leader, is working active- ly with the governor and Rep. Rollo G. Conlin (R-Tipton), head of the House Taxation Committee and a strong advocate of an in- come tax. The Republican caucus has not met in over two weeks. Interim Committee Sen. Stanley G. Thayer (R-Ann Arbor), leader, of the moderate PROF. KISH SPEAKS: War, Peace Not Ideological Questions Class Gift---Books By BARBARA LAZARUS A University sociologist argued last night that ideological com- petition between East and West has little to do with the hard questions of war and peace. Speaking on "The Myth of the Cold War" at a Voice Party meet- ing, Prof. Leslie Kish of the sociology department . explained that even if Russia were to become a capitalist democracy it would be no easier to have disarmament. "The danger in the world would be the same as today, and the great wish of some people that Russia should disappear from the earth is not real." 'Not a Solution' "Education is not a solution for achieving peace in . our world either," he said. Enlightened men have been fighting each other .n mnn conre f the world, and years because if peace is difficul' now, it will be even more dif- ficult in the future, he explained. In the future the United States may have to deal with more than just Russia as a threat. President John F. Kennedy said in a July speech that peace must come with- in the next ten years. Prof. Kish explained that China, India, or any number of smaller countries may get the atomic bombI very soon. If Russia and theI United States could agree, then they could support peace and con- vince the "new members of the nuclear club" to practice peacelul coexistence. Phase of Reactions Board, as "a positive and concrete Prof. Kish outlined the phases step to eliminate discrimination of reactions to the Cold War wuiich in the important area of housing." the United States has experienced: Project Welcome is circulating retaliation-the creation of a rili- a statement which asks the com- -Dany-Len Lotstrom i f .: - ,