Seventy-Second Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS "Where Opinions-AreFree STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Truth Will Prevail" ..r~' ,.,k 1 < _. t:, ;3,., *i , SIDELINE ON SGC: The Sigma Nu Case: A Few Loose Ends Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. SDAY, APRIL 18, 1962 NIGHT EDITOR: FRED RUSSELL KRAMER Steel Crisis Shows Need For Government Price Control 'N VENTS OF LAST week's steel price increase indicate more clearly than ever the need 'or effective government control of prices. For years people in this country have recog- iized that big business, especially steel, has >ften acted more to enhance the power and >rofit of the corporation than to benefit the conomic welfare of the general community. :ndustry has never denied this, and even seems ?roud that the business of business is business,, iot public benefit. [N FIGHTING the price hike last week, the administration worked strictly through the perations of a free enterprise competition. It is ionsense to argue that in the administration's ictory we have seen a triumph of the free 'nterprise system in meeting the needs of the lation. Kennedy prevailed only through extraordin- try good luck. He was able to effectively an- iounce that defense contracts would go to hose companies which did not raise prices only ecause Inland and Kaiser Steel had not yet ollowed the lead. While these companies are to be commended or their sense of responsibility, it must be ealized that this is the first. time in 63 years hat a steel company has refused to go along. there is no assurance that we can expect uch responsibility in the future. C ENNEDY'S THREAT is also hollow. Imagine the effect on the employees of U. S. Steel f all government contracts to U. S. Steel were topped or even severely cut back. Unemploy- nent in Pittsburgh and other areas would soar. While more people would be needed to man nland Steel, their plants are in other areas f the country. The labor choas resulting from ,ny major shift in contract awards, along vith the lack of facilities in the smaller com- anies to handle any large influx of business, enders the channels of free enterprise mani- ulation of prices completely unsure. [ LAST WEEK'S price hike had remained, we would have had an inflation precipitated irectly from the increases. The price hikes rhich would follow in other industries, coming nmediately after a steel contract fixing wages t a non-inflationary level based on stable rices, would have impaired the economic osition of the million and a half steel work rs. It would have had a negative effect on ur success in competition on the world mar- et, not only in steel, but in every industry rhich depends upon it. Rarely have wee seen such clear testimony hat the profit of U. S. Steel is not necessarily pnonomous with good times and stable econ- my in this country. Rarely have we seen such clear example of how increased steel profit nay even be contrary to them. NO LONGER is it possible to argue that big business does and wil lact in the best in- terests of the nation. No longer is it possible to argue that the best interests of the nation are embodied in the best interests of big business. In these difficult economic times this coun- try must find means of insuring a non- inflationary future. It must provide the eco- nomic stability necessary for the livelihood of the American worker and insure his comfort- able place in the society. It must find ways of making our industrial products viable on the world market. Since industry has once again proved either unwilling or incapable of doing these things, legislation is needed giving the government final control on all price fluctuations, not only in steel but in every major industry in the country. This is the only real insurance against large scale economic irresponsibility of the kind we have recently seen. Kennedy's moves to stop the price hike were only stop-gap. Tennessee's Senator Gore has proposed three part legislation which would allow the government to demand an eighty-day moratorium after any price increase while the government would check the bases for the hike. BUT THIS IS NOT the answer. If passed, there would be no assurance that after the 80 days the industry would not continue with the planned increase. The future of even such feeble legislation is extremely unsure and we may certainly expect that the present economic and social disorganization will continue even after the rude shock'last week. To argue that government control of all price levels would be used in such a way as to ruin the industries and crush profits is cleal ly absurd. These industries are the backbone of our economy. To destroy them or to render them ineffective in the home or world market would totally cripple the nation. THE LAST ORGANIZATION which would work for the ruin of the nation is our own government. The organization which is mostr interested in the general economy and welfare of the nation is the government, not big busi- ness. The organization which can best establish equilibrium between industrial success and public welfare is the government. To say that such equilibrim is not desirable is almost as ludicrous and sad as to say that the govern- ment is not, or should not, be vitally concerned with industrial success and public weal. The important lesson of last week is the crying need to establish firm government con- trol of prices in all major industry in this country where the needs of the nation can be ignored for private aggrandizement. --MICHAEL ZWEIG t ,i Too :1. r t/,* /u '"r rf . 4 i Mov ij s.A lq46z S ti~f WAITING- THE STUDENT MOVEMENT: why Student Activists Are Needed By CYNTHIA NEU Daily Staff Writer THE TIDAL WAVE of concern over Sigma Nu is over the dam and Washtenaw Avenue can relax for a while. At least this seems to be the sentiment over the recent waiver granted Sigma Nu by its national. The only question remaining in the whole business is whether or not the waiver will be "valid." Chances are it will give the local complete authority to select mem- bers in compliance with Univer- sity policy. Then the fraternity can go to work on its internal prob- lems. THE CASE has proven that the Committee on Membership in Stu- dent Organizations will take ac- tion; it has shown the campus that both the Regents' bylaw and the Council ruling outlawing dis- crimination have teeth; but there is an immediate problem still up in the air. The Council has never said what it means by a valid 'waiver, and this should be defined immedi- ately. With the aid of the mem- bership committee, the Council should be able to come up with a coherent statement on what constitutes local autonomy. A standard should be set by the Council now, both to aid the mem- bership committee in considering waivers already submitted, and to use as a guide for securing waivers in the future. * * * PERHAPS the most noticeable feature of the discrimination prob- lem before, during and after the Sigma Nu case has been the silence of Interfraternity Council and the affiliate system on the matter. IFC has taken an active role urging that groups correct incomplete statements either by contacting the IFC president or the SGC president, but other activity has been limited. The long-term problems could. be solved better if the individual affiliates and IFC and Panhellenic Association made a greater effort to do something. Case in point: the Sigma Nu alumni and national did not know about the hot water their local was in until it was coming close to the boiling point. Why? The local simply didn't tell them, for what is most' aptly termed "per- sonal reasons." * * HOW MANY other fraternities have nationals who are unaware of possible action that could be taken against pne of their chap- ters? Do they have a precise know.- ledge of the situation of discrimi- nation legislation by SGC on this campus? If they don't, is it SGC's duty to inform them? This could be done, but Council policy is to let locals notify the appropriate of- ficials. If locals have been lax, IFC should do some prodding Presumably, since the IFC presi- dent has never suggested anything to Council concerning this, IFC does not want SGC to do it. (But somebody should. * * * ANOTHER QUESTION raised by the Sigma Nu hearings is whether or not campus fraternities want a universal deadline to use as a lever in getting a waiver. If this is the case IFC could ask the Council to set one. Since they haven't made such a recommenda- tion, the stand by Dr. Smock was presumably an exception to the rule. The Greek system and IFC have stayed in the background for un- derstandable reasons. The lime- light of the discrimination issue isn't helping the image of either individual chapter or affiliates as a whole. Enormous gains have been made in the last 10 years, both in the granting of waivers and also in striking discriminatory clauses from national constitu- tions. The long-range goal will be reached, probably in the next couple of years. PROGRESS is still being made. One of the brightest spots in the area of discrimination was brought out during the Sig a Nu hearings. The local claimed to have a chance to push removal of its national bais clause by bringing the issue to the floor at the national con- vention. Local action within their own fraternity is the ideal solu- tion. But should this influence Council during deliberations of a discrimination case? On very practical grounds, it can't, because there is no quaran- tee of success. Outside of this, it is still the group's own decision SGC can pat them on the back but it can't push. * * * THE SIGMA NU case is closing. The group can be praised for its straight forward approach and honesty with the Committee on Membership and the Council. But as they drop into the rack- ground, theissue of discrimina- tion is still very much before the campus. With a more active role from IFC and company, the matter can be brought to a quicker con- clusion. In the end, if the affili- ates wil stop worrying about next term's rush and look at long range implications, they will end up in a better position. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN (Continued from Page 2) Plcemffent SUMMER PLACEMENT: 212 SAB- The Jayson camps, Mass.-A. Jayson will interview men & women counselors at the Summer Placement wed-Fri. April 18-20, from 1:30-500 p.m & Fri. all day. POSITION OPENINGS Jewish Vocational Service, Detroit, SMic,-Opening for Research Supervisor for project re: "vocational rehabilita- tion of a group of schizophrenic pa- tients. PhD preferably. Desire bkgd. In clinical psych., guidance & counseling, & related fields. Weger Interiors, Lansing, Mich. - Opening for mai or WOMAN in interior field, for interior designer & sales, who would qualify in good free hand draw- ing, perspective drawing, & elevations, etc. vitramon, Inc., Bridgeport, Conn. - Graduate Engnr.; at least 2 yrs. Indus- trial process exper. Major area of work i1 application of basic engrg. funda- mentals in areas of materials for elec- tronics to obtain process stability & improvements. Lindsay-Schaub Newspapers, Decatur, Il.-Opening in staff production dept. for Mech. or Indust. Engnr. or Printing Prodgrad. Would study printing prod. in the 4 newspapers in organization & recommend changes in present opera- tion.d (Continued on Page ) By RONALD WILTON Daily Staff Writer (Second of a Series) THIS COUNTRY NEEDS a stu- dent movement: a large num- ber of students ideologically con- nected, committed to direct and often radical action aimed at mak-. ing changes in our present social structure. There are many things wrong with our society. This country is pervaded with racism and preju- dice which makes a mockery of all our piously proclaimed ideals. This exists not only in the South but in the North, East and West as well, if less overtly. A Congressional committee sup- posedly constituted to protect our civil liberties goes around trying to undermine them. We blithely talk about building fallout shelters when a nuclear war threatens to wipe out the human race. We think that a shotgun constitutes modern decor for a fallout shelter. * * * LEGISLATIVE and communica- tive channels are largely in the hands of those advocating the con- tinuance of this imperfect status quo. Our higher educational in- stitutions adopt the image of a merely service institution and see the student as a piece of raw ma- terial to be molded into something useful for the homes, farms and factories of our society. These imperfections in our social system have been discussed many times. They are obvious to anyone with his eyes halfway open. Yet these are just symptoms of an illness which lodged at the base of our society. s s SOMETHING is clearly wrong with our econonmic system. We live in a country blessed with un- paralled prosperity; yet Michael Harrington, gathering information for "The Other American" was able to find 30 million Americans who live in hard core depression and poverty. Plainly something is wrong with our moral system. We pay farmers large rewards for not growing food while millions of people in other parts of the world suffer from diet difficiency diseases and starvation. Something is wrong with our political system. We choose our leaders from two political parties who somehow manage to come up with similar programs; programs which do not include answers to our society's urgent problems. * * * OUR DOMESTIC situation is just as bad. We placed in the context of the international scene, it looks even worse. We are a status; quo power in an age of great social changes. We are en- gaged in a cold war which has fostered the growth of a domestic industrial-military alliance. Presi- dent Eisenhower found it neces- sary to warn the nation about this alliance before he left office. Internationally, the cold war has us losing in the race for identification with the hopes and aspirations of half the world's peoples. When students in other countries who will be among the leaders of tomorrow's world look at this country, they may draw some inspiration from our past but little from our present. WHY SHOULD students be lead- ers among those asking and push- ing for change. The most obvious answer is "who else?" Many stu- dents would be very glad to yield the prime role in the dissent move- ment to some adult group but where are they? Our religious leaders condone many deplorable conditions de- scribed above and seem to be more afraid of losing the favor of our ruling elite than of the God they TODAY AND TOMORROW Peking and Moscow By WALTER LrnIPPMAN OUR YEARS AGO, when interviewing Mr. K. for the first time, I tried at one point draw him out about China. It was already dent that there was trouble between Peking d Moscow, and in conversations with Soviet wrnalists 'there was much talk about the iflict. Talking to some students, it was in that as between the Russians and the inese in the university there was a great deal prejudice and racial antagonism. Even then, ir years, ago, it was plain that there was deep ological and emotional conflict between the o big Communist peoples. But Mr. K., naturally enough, was determin- not to tell me about it and instead, when pressed him with questions, he delivered a ture on the inability of one who is not a rxist to understand the international soli- rity of the Soviet camp. The cause of inter- tional conflict, he asserted, is capitalism, 1 when capitalism has been abolished there i be no conflict. [NCE THEN, this beautiful ,theory has had a collision with the ugly facts, and there a no longer be any doubt at all that a at conflict of interests exists. What kind conflict is it? It is at bottom, I am con- ced, the same conflict which existed when Emperor of All the Russias and the Em- 'or of China were still on their thrones. t is a conflict of national interests between Russians and the Chinese which has gone for generations, and it is due to a collision ween the Russians, expanding across Si- ia to the Pacific Ocean, and the Chinese, >anding northward into Manchuria and 'ngolia, across the path of the Russians. Though this conflict is now carried on by 0 Communist states, though it is encrusted Editorial Staff JOHN ROBERS, Editor with Marxist and Leninist slogans, it is the same historic conflict which has been going on for generations between the empires which _are ruled from Peiping and from Moscow. There is now a frontier between these two empires which runs some 4,000 miles into the heart of Asia, and it is a highly unstable and insecure frontier. Along it the vital interests of both countires are engaged. THE EXISTENCE of this conflict has begun to affect importantly the whole internation- al situation. While we cannot as yet see clearly all the effects, it is already reasonably clear that Moscow is reacting according to the classic Russian formula, which is never to become vitally engaged in a conflict on two fronts. This promises to lead to accommodation over West Berlin, on the one hand, and also to some sort of disengagement from a conflict with the United States in Southeast Asia. There are signs, so I venture to believe, that the Soviet Union is helping Communist North Vietnam just enough to keep it out of the hands of the Chinese and not so much as to precipitate a conflictr with the United States in Laos and South Vietnam. AS THIS is an optimistic estimate, it must, of course, be treated with great skepticism and reserve. But just as we must not let our wishes and our hopes deceive us, so also must we not let ourselves be misled by a lack of self-confidence. What is happening between China and Russia is not what Marxism pre- dicts. But it is what a student of history would expect., The fact that the Russians and Chinese both profess the secular religion of Communism is, no reason why they should not fall into a vital conflict. We should not forget how ferocious have been the wars of religion within Christen- dom. We who have, we hope, outlived those wars, need not be surprised to see them break out among the Communists. WE ARE in the process of readjusting our profess to serve. They have ab- dicated their responsibility for pro- viding moral leadership. Our industrial leaders are too busy with little games like price- fixing and seeing who can get the highestsnumber of government contracts. Labor, now fat and respectable, is concerned with little things and on occasion tries to prove that it is more anti-communist than the American Association of Manufac- turers. It has shunned the dis- crimination problem in labor - Negro labor leaders who want ac- tion. have been forced to form their own labor council. The concern of our politicians for getting elected and defending the interests of those who can get them 'elected is well known. Members of the academic com- munity are, by and large, caught up in the "print and publish" cycle and many of them suffer from disillusionment suffered dur- ing the past 30 years. About the only large group in this country within which a significant dissent edement has arisen has been the nation's student body. THE REASON for this is also obvious. Students have not yet had to fight their way up in our so- ciety. They have not "been through all that and achieved nothing," and they have not learned to be paralyzed by the phrase "practical politics." Others have been forced to compromise away their ideals and adopt the mantle of conform- ity that is essentialfor success in our society today. They have the vision and idealism that is habi- tually laughed away as part of being young. This country desperately needs such idealistic vision. Of course, many college students have al- ready compromised and many others are completely apathetic, content to let 'our problems be taken care of by "those who know best." But there are enough deeply concerned people to form the nu- cleus for social protest and enough, who feel they should be concerned to provide manpower and respec- tability. THE STUDENT dissent and ac- tion is also good for the demo- cratic process. Democracy is sterile if those living under it do not engage in constant analysis, criti- cism and challenge of the insti- tutions and practices under which they live. Before anyaction can correct social illnesses, the ill- ness must be brought to the at- tention of all members of society. Through their activities, students are doing just this. It is also heartening that the citizens of tomorrow who are en- gaging in this dissent process; it is one of the few signs of hope for the future. At present their role is best described by Socrates in his Apology as one who ". . . clings to the state as a sort of gadfly to a horse that is large and well bred but rather sluggish because of its size, sq that it needs to be aroused . . TOMORROW-What Will The Future Bring LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Peace Demonstration Befits Easter Season To the Editor T HE EASTER SEASON has be- come a traditional time for in- dividuals and groups throughout the world to express their desire for the preservation of peace and the abolition of war. This year, such expressions take on a new urgency. For this Easter, perhaps as never before, the alternatives confronting men and governments are most clearly defined, and the ironies of human affairs have nev- er been more manifest. In Geneva, negotiators of 17 na- tions are beginning to lay the groundwork for an end to the arms race. The opportunities for at least limited success in this effort have never been better. Both the United States and the Soviet Union have, for the first time, agreed on the basic principles of a disarmament program. Leaders of both sides have frequently stated the simple truth that a continuing arms race can only jeopardize national se- curity and end only in catastrophe.' Moreover, as never before. hun- ya. Thus, ironically, just when the chances, the need and the hope for a new course are most apparent, the governments are pursuing, with increasing vigor, policies which make such a course more difficult. EASTER" IS the season of res- urrection, of rebirth, of renewal. Easter 1962 must be therseason when mankind's long quest for an end to war is renewed. It must not be the time when the drift toward destruction is renewed. At this moment, our responsi- bility as individuals is to articulate our desire for peace with increas- ing clarity. We must support the effort at Geneva and must call upon our leaders to assume their responsibility-to fulfill the prom- ise of the moment and achieve success in their negotiations. Members o fthe Ann Arbor com- munityband students at the Uni- versity will act for peace this week. On Wednesday, April 18 at 12:00 we will "Pause for Peace." We will AT RACKHAM: Enjoyable Quintet Bi Features Cooper ork LAST NIGHT the University Woodwind Quintet, assisted by pianist Robert Hord, presented a chamber music program which featured the premiere of Prof. Paul Cooper's "Canonic Variations." Prof. Cooper's conservatively modern composition employed es- tablished techniques in a free contrapuntal style emphasizing the horizontal element of music. It produced striking and subtle inter- vallic changes highly suitable to chamber music. Between the pastorale beginning and conclusion, varying tempos and polyphonic mixtures of motivic material gave the effect of a slow metamorphosis like dye slowly mixing in a liquid. The main melody of the variations recurred often enough to make the work quickly comprehensible to the listener yet not to the point of monot- onous repetition. SETTING THE STAGE for Prof. Cooper's serious and original composition was the opening Quintet by Anton Reicha. A light work, it succeeded mostly by its neutral quality. Neither a product of a master nor a complete bore, Reicha's work strikes one as simply "music to converse by." As expected the simple harmonies of the first movement were appropriately balanced by a lyric second movement and piquant third. By far the most enjoyable movement was the fourth, an effect pro- duced as much by the composer's more successful writing as by the University Quintet's more successful playing. All the performers showed a sprightliness and clarity in their playing of this movement bringing the work to a jolly finish. THE CONCLUDING WORK on the program consisted of a chain- ber-musicians delight: the popular Quintet in 'E Flat Major for piano and four woodwinds by W. A. Mozart. After the mild Reicha and more serious Cooper, Mozart's masterpiece sounded like a romantic work, especially the introductory Largo and slow second movement. Mozart's easy harmonic movement is balanced by beautiful mnodies in which the TTniversitv CQintet nrnded their richet tone-