THE MICHIGAN DAILY ENATE TESTIMONY: Powers Describes Mystery Explosion' Kennedy Urges Russia WASHINGTON (P)-U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers came through with high-flying colors yesterday as he told a Senate committee how a mysterious explosion brought his reconnaissance plane down in the heart of Russia. Even before the 32-year-old center of a great international furore took the witness chair to testify, an official report vindi- cated him as a man who lived up to "his obligations as an Ameri- can"-a man who: . ..Strove in vain to blow up his stricken craft to prevent it from falling into the hands of his cap- tors when he was forced down in a wild spin 1,200 miles inside Rus- sia's heartland May 1, 1960. .. .Refused to give the Russians, during endless hours of interro- gation, certain information, such as nthe names of other U-2 pilots. Only followed instructions of his Central Intelligence Agency superiors in telling the Russians he worked for the CIA, and in con- fessing at the showpiece trial in Moscow's hall of mirrors that he had been guilty of "grievous" spy- ing, for which he said he was truly sorry. "I made this statement on the advice of my (Soviet) defense counsel, and also because it was easy to say I was sorry, because what I meant by saying that and what I wanted them to think I meant was quite different. My main sorrow was that the mission failed. "One thing I always remembered while I was there: I am an Ameri- can." Powers gave two bits of testi- mony which might be ofsignifi- cance in unravelling the mystery. As he sped over the. Ural Sea, he said he saw two jet condensa- tion trails 20 or 30 miles away and well below hin. The firstdtrail was going in the opposite dire- tion from his craft, and a little later a trail appeared going in the same direction as the U-2. F4 It may have been a single Rus- ' sia jet which reversed directions he said Later, after he struggled out of his doomed craft and came down by parachute, he saw a second parachute descending, a red and white one which was not part of his plane's equipment. Algeria Rebels Express Hope For War End EVIAN France WP) - Algerian Rebel negotiators expressed con- fidence yesterday that, despite continuing terrorist violence, final peace talks with the French will end the nationalist rebellion and open the way for Algeria's inde- pendence. Deputy Premier Belkacem Krim predicted "a lasting, satisfactory and happy solution" on arriving in nearby Geneva for afinal phase conference opening here today. He said the nationalists come "with the will to succeed and thus defi- nitely conclude, if possible, this negotiation." Krim heads the delegation dis- patched by the Algerian rebel re- gime fromits headquarters in exile in Tunis. The' French team is led by Louis Joxe, minister for Algerian affairs. To Abandon Propagand U.S. Seeks I Successful Geneva Talks Thompson Message to Carries Kremlin -AP Wirephoto WASHINGTON-Francis Gary Powers is at the witness table ready to testify before the Senate Armed Services Committee. This is Powers' first public appearance since being released by the Russians. GRADUAL CONTRACTION: Will World Events Affect U.S. Bases? Associated Press Newsfeatures Writer There is a strong possibility that Uncle Sam's multi-million-dollar network of overseas military bases faces gradual contraction in the next few years due to the chang- ing complexion of international affairs. At the, moment the base with the shortest life expectancy is National Roundup By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy said yesterday the John Birch Society is largely a well-meaning group which could do the country greater good if it devoted its energy to positive strengthening of democracy in- stead of tilting at domestic Com- munists.. * * * NEW YORK-The United States government charged in federal court yesterday that $100,000 was paid to the late Sen. George Bend- er (R-Ohio) to try to killan in- vestigation into a stock fraud cbn- troversy. * * * WASHINGTON-It may take another year or two of research to tell whether the United States should go into production of a reconnaissance-strike version of the 2,000 mile-an-hour B70 bomber, a Defense Department spokesman said yesterday. * * '* WASHINGTON-A Nike Zeus anti-missile launched from Kwaj- alein Island successfully intercept- ed an electronically - simulated missile target, the Army said yes- terday. * * * WASHINGTON-State Depart- ment officials reported yesterday that Fidel Castro has a new mili- tary adviser-a man who com- manded a republican army corps during the Spanish revolution and was a Soviet general in World War II. NEW YORK-The stock market went through another slow decline yesterday, with sharp losses among savings and loan and auto shares. Standard and Poor's 500 Index declined .23, with 425 industrials off .27, 25 rails down .16, and 50 utilities down .03. Lajes Air Base on the island of Terceira in the Portuguese Azores. Uncle Sam began using Lajes in the midst of World War II, under agreement with Portugal. In the years since then almost $250 mil- lion has been put into the big air- ield, permanent buildings, com- munications and navigation equip- ment and aircraft stationed there. The Azores base is an impor- tant stepping stone for combat planes and transports on the sour.hern route to Europe, Africa and the Middle East, especially when North Atlantic storms blot out the shorter great circle route. Tanker Base A squadron of ,Strategic Air Command tanker planes is sta- tioned at Lajes for mid-air re- fueling of jet bombers en route across the Atlantic. Agreements with Portugal on the use of the base have been re- newed twice since the original postwar pact in 1948. The latest agreement 'comes up for renewal this spring. This time, however, there is doubt whether Portugal will cooperate. The Portuguese government is unhappy over the United States attitude towards Portugal's trou- bles with her African colony of Angola and was severely disap- pointed by the relatively mild Western reaction to India's seiz- ure of Goa and two other Portu- guese enclaves on the Indian sub- continent. While the most serious and. most current, the Azores base is not the only one with a shadowy future. Built for SAC The United States has agreed to turn over the last of its Stra- tegic Air Command bases in Mor- occo to that country by 1963. The Moroccan bases, in which the United States investment now to- tals almost $400 million for con- struction and equipment alone, were built to provide a staging point for SAC bombers on mis- sions to Russian targets. The original agreement for building and operating the bases was made with France. Since then, Morocco has become independent. Another threatened base is the Navy's important installation at Guantanamo Bay. Fidel Castro's Communist Cuba repeatedly has threatened to take it over, and Castro no doubt would if he thought he could get away with it. "Yank Go Home" agitation also has occurred in Okinawa, Japan, Iceland and several other coun- tries. Altogether, the Defense Depart- ment lists nearly 100 names among major and minor military bases overseas and in Alaska and Ha- waii. The list doesn't include many tiny installations nor intermediate range missile launch sites, which are classified. In mrany cases, the base:. are shared with the military cf host countries or with commer- cial operators. The list includes 72 Air Force bases, 20 Navy and 20 Army. The changing temper of inter- national relations and emergence of new independent nations around the world has other repercussions, too. Sea and air routes can be- come involved. Over-Fly Rights And as governments change, so-called "over - fly" privileges change and aircraft must go around instead of over certain territory. A recent example is Cu- ba, where United States aircraft now skirt instead of over-flying on their way from the United States to South America and the Panama Canal Zone. While Air Force officials pri- vately express deep concern over the future of such an important base as the one in the Azores, there is a balancing trend which brightens an otherwise dark pic- ture. The system of overseas bases, especially those within striking distance of the Communist land mass, have for more than a dec- ade been the key to American "massive retaliation" strategy. However, with increasing num- bers of nuclear-tipped interconti- nental missiles going operational inside the United States itself, and more and mlore Polaris submarines going on station in the North At- lantic, the strategic necessity of overseas bases is declining. In the age of pushbutton war- fare, you don't need many over- seas bases. Just a steady hand over the button. WASHINGTON (R) - President John F. Kennedy urged Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev yesterday to put aside "sterile exchanges of propaganda" and work for success of the disarmament negotiations beginning in Geneva next week. Kennedy made his appeal in a letter delivered in Moscow yester- day by Ambassador Llewellyn Thompson. The letter welcomed Khrushchev's decision to send Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko to Geneva to meet with Secre- tary of State Dean Rusk and other foreign ministers on disarmament problems. "It will be the purpose of the representatives of the United States, headed by Secretary Rusk, to make every possible effort to find paths toward disarmament," Kennedy, wrote Khrushchev. Quite Brief His unusually brief message to the Soviet leader was made public here a few hours after Khrush- chev released a letter he sent Kennedy last weekend reluctantly agreeing to have foreign ministers open the disarmament talks in- stead of beginning with a summit conference. British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan and a number of oth- er government heads had turned down Khrushchev's summit pro- posal, saying it would be better to start the negotiations with for- eign ministers and reserve the pos- sibility of a suimmit meeting for later. Raps Policy Khrushchev denounced Kenne- dy's decision to resume nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere in late April unless, in the mean- time, Russia and the Western pow- ers can agree on and sign a treaty banning nuclear tests un- der a workable international in- spection system. Kennedy called in his top diplo- matic and military policy-makers late yesterday afternoon to go. over disarmament policy moves, with special emphasis on problems of international inspection to pre- vent violations of a test-ban agree- ment. Khrushchev's Fireworks May Be AimedaParty MOSCOW (PA)-The spray of diplomatic sparks covering Premi Nikita Khrushchev's withdrawal of his demand for a summit confe ence at Geneva may have been meant as much for the eyes of Y party associates as for President John F. Kennedy, informed quarte said yesterday. Khrushchev's acceptance of the proposals of Kennedy and Briti Prime Minister Harold Macmillan that the big three foreign ministe meet to discuss nuclear test bans and that foreign ministers head the 17-nation disarmament talks was a big change from 1960. Many Objections In 1960 Khrushchev overrode the objections of many nation leaders to a summit meeting at the United Nations General Assemt and forced many of them, including President Dwight D. Eisenhow to appear. Khrushchev's backtracking this time was against the backgrou of a Communist Party Central Committee meeting in the Kremlin put new starch in the Soviet agricultural fabric.' Khrushchev conceded food shortages in the Soviet Union at Mc day's committee meeting, a chronic problem plaguing the premie plans to overhaul the United States as an economic power. Uses Diversions In his reply to Kennedy, Khrushchev used an argument popul with Communists. He blamed the United States decision to resur nuclear tests in the atmosphere in late April on munitions monopoli seeking to profit from nuclear weapons and from shelters to proti the American people from the fallout. Khrushchev said Kennedy's plan to resume the tests unless Ru sia agrees to an inspection system and a test ban treaty was "atop blackmail" that wouldn't work. He said it would bring on a new rou of tests, "a kind of chain reaction--and this is what you call in yc message sensible policy., NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV ... no summit WET NAM: Felt Shows optimism SAIGON (MP-Adm. Harry D. Felt said yesterday United States- armed South Viet Nam troops are on the offensive against Commu- nist jungle fighters who have been attacking in rising force in recent weeks. The supreme commander of United States forces in the Pa- cific, here for a two-day tour of military installations, made his re- marks after South Vietnamese forces reported two major victor- ies in the past two days. United States-supplied aircraft and United States Army helicop- ter teams played key roles in the military successes, believed to be the biggest of the year after three major setbacks for President Ngo Dinh Diem's forces. Felt appeared undisturbed by the previous Communist successes in South Viet Nam. He told re- porters reports of Communist in- filtratidn of South Viet Nam from the north or Red China should not be exaggerated. "They (Communists) are not 50 feet tall," he said. "We are taller than they are, and I think they have reason to be cautious." Felt will confer with Gen. Paul D. Harkins, named last month to' head the greatly expanded mili- tary aid program for South Viet Nam. SAN FRANCISCO BALLET TO BRING "SIN" TO ANN ARBOR The world acclaimed SAN FRANCISCO BALLET will perform at the Ann Arbor High School Auditorium, this Friday evening, March 9th, 8:30 P.M., and Saturday March 10th, 2:30 P.M., matinee. On opening night, they will per. form ORIGINAL SIN. THIS BALLET created a sensation when it was intro- duced last Spring in San Francisco. It was danced 14 tibxes instead of the 5 performances originally scheduled. John Lewis, musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet, wrote the score. The libretto, written by Kenneth Rexroth, deals with the creation of man, his temptation, his exile from the Garden of Eden. EVERYWHERE they have gone, the performers have been praised for the technical mastery of the finest classical tradition. More importantly, they have been recognized for the very qualities that characterize America-fresh, bound. ing, exhilarating, exuberant. This is Ann Arbor's first opportunity to enjoy them. Tickets are available at The Disc Shop, 1210 S. Uni- versity, Grinnell's, Main St., Marshall's Book Store, S. State St. mmmm I BONNIE BELL REVLON RUBENSTEIN DANA The The ILLAGER APOTHE CART 1112 S. University open'til 11 P.M. I MARCH 9th BLOCK TICKET SALES STARTTOA for FROM THE Featuring * THE ARBORS . THE FRIARS " THE CUYAHOGA WAITERS OF CORNELL * THE DQ'S OF AMHERST 1. Don't Miss the PAUL BUNYAN BALL Saturday Night-March 10 8 P.M. - 12 P.M. photographers Have YOU entered the CREATIVE ARTS FESTIVAL A I 8 P.M. -9 P.M. - Square Dancing InformaI PHOTO CONTEST? I Michigan Union Ballroom Tickets available on Diag and at the door * TE QUINIONESRKOM UMWAYN>T >I Alt and introducing THE TRINIDADS OF TRINITY COLLEGE who recently appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show IN A CONCERT OF THE NATION'S GREATEST COLLEGIATE VOCAL GROUPS I I B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation Takes Pleasure in Announcing a Lecture by DR. ALFRED JOSPE Prizes include: * Argus C-3 Matchmatic Outfit * Gossen Sixtomatic meter, model X-2 " Argus 75 Portrait Album Kit " Berrin Gadget Bag SATURDAY, MARCH 17 8:30 P.M. HILL AUDITORIUM Nat'!. Dir., Department of Program and Resources