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THEMICHIGANDAILY
Red China Claims U.S.
Menaces Its Security
By South Viet Nam Aid
KENNEDY LETTER:
Reject New Summit Bid
Future Nuclear Arms
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Ma yWorr Russians
By ELTON C. FAY
Associated Press News Analyst
WASHINGTON OP)-When Red China begins making her own
atomic arms, perhaps in a few years, neighboring nations including
Russia may have more initial cause for concern than the United
States.
Some military men believe it likely the first nuclear weapons in
the Chinese arsenal might be for tactical use to boost firepower of her
huge ground forces rather than for strategic strikes against distant
targets.
This is based, partly, on the assumption that Communist China
initially at least would lack the delivery systems of ICBM rockets and
long-range bombers needed for strategic attack on targets thousands
~of miles away. But shorter range,
tactical missiles and fighter-bomb-
T o E xam ine er aircraft would be easier to come
by.
The growing coolness between
O perations Moscow and Peiping resulted in
the withdrawal about a year ago
of many if not most of the Soviet
A ll~ ~technicians " who had been help-
o A lliance ing the Red axis partner.
At a recent news conference
BUENOS AIRES P)-President President John F. Kennedy was
John F. Kennedy's Alliance for asked r at r heinComunist Ch
Progress, which aims to help Lat- into a nuclear control agreement.
in America develop itself, is un- Kennedy replied this obviously
dergoing a thoro'ugh first-hand would be difficult, then added
inspection, a United States offi- "there is really no use in having
an inspection (of nuclear arma-
cial said yesterday. ment) system agreed upon be-
An assessment team from the tween say, the Soviet Union and
Agency for International Develop- the United States and some other
ment has just ended a week's in- countries, and then have another
country-large-carrying on in-
spection of what is happening i tensive armaments preparation."
Argentina.
The official, who asked not to
be identified, said in an interview,
much more "red tape and indeci-
sion" than expected has held the
program at a slower than desired
pace. The two obstacles are pres-
ent in Washington as well as in
Latin America, he added.
Argentina formed its develop-
ment agency last November, "but
it never got off the ground," the
official said.
There are factors within the
Ministry of Economy and within
the offices of President Arturo
Frondizi.
The result is that Argentina
cannot turn out projects which
come under the self-help require-
ment of the Alliance for Progress.
AFL-CIO Raps
Fiscal Policies
BAL HARBOUR, Fla. VP)-AFL-
CIO leaders rapped President
John F. Kennedy's economic poli-
cies as overly timid yesterday, and
asked his support for a yo-yo
type work week adjustable to em-
ployment needs.
The federation's 29-man Execu-
tive Council issued a statement
representing organized labor's
sharpest criticism yet of. the Presi
dent's domestic program. It said
recovery has hit a lull and has
been the poorest following any re-
cession.
Asks Parley
To Seek End
Of 'Danger'
Demands Withdrawal
Of American Troops
TOYKO (iP)-Communist China
declared yesterday its security is
seriously affected by an "unde-
clared war" being waged by the
United States in South Viet Nam
and said United -States military
aid to that Southeast Asian coun-
try cannot be allowed to continue.
Similar charges, that its security
was menaced, prefaced R e d
China's large scale intervention in
Korea , in November 1950, after
American troops had reached the
Yalu River border between Korea
and Manchuria.
The statement by the Red
Chinese foreign ministry, broad-
cast by Peiping radio yesterday,
however, demanded immediate in-
ternational consultations "to elim-
inate the serious danger of war
in Southern Viet Nam by peace-
ful means."
It also demanded the immediate
withdrawal from South Viet Nam
of all United States military per-
sonnel and equipment.
The statement objected parti-
cularly to creation of the new
United States military assistance
command in South Viet Nam
headed by Gen. Paul D. Harkins.
The command has taken over-
all charge of about 4,000 United
States military personnel engaged
in the large-scale training and
support of President Ngo Dihn
Diem's anti-Communist army of
about 175,000 men.
The United States force is not
a combat outfit, but the new com-
mand could form the framework
for combat operations if neces-
sary. The Americans have orders
to shoot back if fired upon.
"This command," said the Pei-
ping statement, "is by no means
merely one for military assistance,
but an operational command of
the United States imperialists for
direct participation.
Group Backs
Tariff Power
WASHINGTON (P)-The United
States Chamber of Commerce
threw its support yesterday be-
hind Pr'esident John F. Kennedy's
request for a broad new tariff-
cutting power in an effort to +ex-
pand trade.
The Chamber's stand was an-
nounced in a statement adopted
by its board of directors.
The administration program
would give the President authority
to reduce tariffs on categories of
products by as much as 50per
cent in return for consessions
from other nations.
It also would grant authority
for eliminating tariffs on goods
in which the' United States and
the six-nation European Common
Market account for more than
80 per cent of World trade.
The only reservation cited in-
volved one aspect of federal aid
to companies and workers injured
by import competition.
The Chamber said aid to dis-
placed workers should be admin-
istered by the states and should
not exceed benefits provided by
state unemployment compensa-
tion laws.
The Chamber supported all
phases of the trade adjustment
assistance with the one reserva-
tion. Wagner told newsmen the
Chamber felt that it would be
discriminatory to pay greater
benefits to workers unemployed
because of foreign competition
than to those who lost their jobs
because of domestic competition.
Raieial Problems Hit Guiana
Ql
WINTER FASHIONS
~ 4<
More reductions on items which were already
wonderful values before.
Just wonderful buys for you to wear now
'til late spring and again next fall.
By RICHARD G. MASSOCK
Associated Press News Analyst
GEORGETOWN, British Guiana
(M)-A heritage of hate clouds the
future of British Guiana.
Premier Cheddi Jagan has sur-
vived an attempt to overthrow him
but racial animosity has deepened
in the wake of the fire riots that
swept part of Georgetown.
On one side are Asian Indians
and their descendants.
On the other side are descend-
ants of slaves who came from
Africa in the 18th century.
These two groups make up most
of the population.
Abolition of Slavery
After the abolition of slavery in
1833, Indians and Portuguese were
brought in as laborers. The In-
dians, with a higher birth rate,
became the majority people. Jagan
is. their political leader..
The Dutch first settled this area
on the north coast of South Ameri-
ca. The British took over in 1814.
They have been moving toward
granting full independence, pos-
sibly this year, but now that seems
farther in the future.
British Guiana, the size of Kan-
sas, grows sugar and rice and pro-
duces aluminum ore. The per
capita income is about $232
(1960).
Marx, Castro
Jagan, an admirer of Marx and
Castro, came a copper this month
when he introduced an unpopular
financing scheme.
That set off a general strike.
This might have forced himout
of office if wild mobs had not
burned and looted the business
heart of Georgetown. That gave
Jagan a reason to call in British
troops to restore order.
Jagan promised labor leaders to
modify his budget and they 'called
off the strike.
Negroes, led by Forbes Burnham,
and Europeans headed by Portu-
guese-descended Peter Daguiar in-
dicate they are only waiting for
another chance to topple Jagan.
Political Opposition
The political opposition to Jagan
is based partly on anti-Commun-
ism and partly on the ambitions
of rival leaders. His enemies charge
he would make a "Red hell" of
British Guiana if it gained inde-
pendence under his rule. He insists
his plans are simply socialistic.
The People's Progressive Party,
which Jagan has led to victory at
the polls since 1953, is largely
made of of East Indians on the
sugar estates and rice paddies of
the interior. The Africans in Burn-
ham's party predominate to such
an extent in Georgetown that
Jagan's party did not put up can-
didates here in last August's elec-
tion..
It was a hostile Georgetown
which tried to force Jagan to re-
sign under pressure of a general
strike.
Cover Deficit
Jagan has proposed to cover a
deficit and raise $13 million for
economic development through in-
creased import duties, lower in-
come tax exemptions and a com-
pulsory savings scheme under
which the people would have to in-
vest five per cent of income in
WASHINGTON (AP) -President
John F. Kennedy yesterday reject-
ed Soviet Premier Nikita Khrush-
chev's latest bid for a March
summit conference and urged anew
that the Soviet leader agree to
a foreign ministers meeting on dis-
armament.
The President's letter in an-
swer to Khrushchev's Feb. 22 mes-
sage was dispatched to Moscow
by the State Department. It was
reported to have the approval of
the British government.
In his reply Kennedy rebutted
Khrushchev's charge that the
United States was insincere in its
approachto the next round of dis-
armament negotiations. Khrush-
chev had leveled this allegation in
a letter to Kennedy Thursday.
Kennedy was also understood
to have emphasized that in the
view of the United States and its
allies the critical issue in dis-
armament is inspection to assure
compliance with any arms cut
agreements.
Furthermore, the United States
JAGAN GOVERNMA
T10' U 1 T1
view is that this inspection must sent Thursday to Kennedy and
apply to forces and weapons left British Prime Minister Harold
in being as well as to those Macmillan insisting on Western
eliminated in the disarmament agreement to a summit meeting
process. seemed to have created some con-
Khrushchev's 20-page letters fusion in allied ranks.
W.World News Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The atomic energy commission announced yes-
terday the explosion of another nuclear device at its underground
test site in Nevada.
* * *
JAKARTA-The air force chief of staff, Vice Marshal Omar
Dhani, returned to Jakarta from Moscow yesterday and said he had
"fulfilled pretty well" his mission to speed up Soviet arms deliveries
to Indonesia.
TOYKO-Communist China complained, by radio that a United
States military plane intruded over the Paracel islands of Kwantung
province yesterday. The broadcast said the country's 188th serious
warning against such "United States military provocation" had been
issued.
[ENT:
PREMIER CHEDDI JAGAN
faces new problems
government bonds.
Jagan's critics argued against
import duties as an indirect con-
sumer's tax and said the lowering
of income tax exemption to $600 a
year would make even the common
laborer with a minimum wage of
$3 a day pay taxes.
But underlying all this was ra-
cial rivalry. When shots were fired
and tear gas used on demonstra-
tors, mainly Negroes, outside Ja-
gan's headquarters, mobs vented
their anger on the business houses
of Indian merchants.
British Troops
Now the Negroes feel that only
the presence of British troops is
preventing Indian reprisals. One
of their leaders says:
"The country now is divided as
never before. Portuguese Africans
and Chinese will never accept
complete rule under Jagan. If
independence comes while he is in
office, all Georgetown will burn."
Daguiar, a rightist, and Burn-
ham, an avowed non-Communist
leftist, attribute the violence to
Jagan's own party and its Pro-
gressive Youth Organization pat-
terned on the Young Communist
League-of which Jagan's Chi-
cago-born wife was a member.
HILLEL
SUPPER CLUB
"Jagan called on the armed
might of the United Kingdom to
protect a Communist revolution,"
Daguiar said. "We lost a round in
the battle."
"Jagan brought troops to intimi-
date us,' Burnham declared.
Jagan indicated he planned to
keep British troops here indefinite-
ly to maintain order. He repeated
an old charge ,that "funds have
been coming from the United
States-not necessarily from the
government-to help Daguiar."
He has pending a request for
$100 million in official United
States aid.
Without Cuban purchases of rice,
paid for by letters of credit, British
Guiana would have suffered ser-
ious depression, Jagan says.
The premier said he plans to get
"people of good will, predomi-
nantly non-Indians," to appeal
.against racial prejudice in an
effort to heal the hostility between
East Indians and Africans.
"It is not I who has made the
split," Jagan .said, "I have made
all kinds of attempts in the past
to heal this breach."
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DON'T FORGET
DUKE
and his ORCHESTRA.
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