SLY 25, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY pi RY 25, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY 1' Gaulle Explains Decision to Johnson; intends U.S. China Policy Out of Date (EDITOR'S NOTE: The decision by French President Charles de tsaule to recognize Red China places new strains on Washington- Paris reations. it is a, ove strong- ly Oposed by the United States. Why is he going through with the recognition? His reasoning is cov- ered in this article.) By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER AP Diplomatic Affairs Writer WASHINGTON-French Presi- dent Charles de Gaulle has sent word to President Lyndon B. Johnson that he decided to recog- nize Red 'China primarily because he felt it unwise in a rapidly changing world to ignore any longer the largest and most pow- erful nation in the Far East. De Gaulle's argument, made nown to the State Department and White House through various diplomatic channels, boiled down to a contention that the United States policy of trying to isolate the Communist mainland of Chi- na from the world of allied na- tions is unproductive and out of date. The latest and perhaps most comprehensive presentation of de Gaulle's views on this alliance- straining issue was made by Ca nadan Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson w'hen. he conferred here Wednesday with Johnson. Pearson came here following a visit to Paris last week during which he had several talks with the French leader. Expect Announcement France is expected to announce recognition. next week and. take immediate steps to establish full diplomatic relations with the Red regime in Peking. Next Friday de Gaulle is scheduled to hold a news conference and the prospect is that he will set forth his position on the China question at that time. As now understood by top Unit- ed States officials, his views cover these major points: 1) He feels there is 4 vacuum In Western policy in the Far East because of' a lack of effective con- tact between the Western powers and the Red Chinese leadership. Thus he has argued that the Western powers will gain in the long run from having France move into the gap. United States officials have ar- gued with the French that Britain has had diplomatic contact with Red China from the beginning of the Peking regime 13 years ago and this has made no real differ- ence in Chinese policy. But de Gaulle's associates have answered Aportioanent Briefs Filedj By The Associated Prem Opposing briefs concerning the constitutionality of the new state Constitution's legislative appor- tionment provision were filed yes- terday before a three-judge feder- al panel in Port Huron. A suit brought by Michigan AFLe-CIO President August Scholle contends that the formula, based 80 per cent on population and 20 per cent on area is in violation of the United States Constitution be- cause it denies the principle of "one man, one vote." Meanwhile Gov. George Rom- ney's office denied that the gov- ernorshas put his leigslative lead- ers to work on a plan to maintatin existing districts this year in. the event that the apportionment commission fails to reach aree- ment on a new districting plan by its Jan. 31 deadline. on this point that the French ac- tion will introduce a completely new element into Red Chinese considerations at a critical point in world history. Power Conflict 2) De Gaulle sees the split be- tween Russia and Red China as a tremendous power conflict rath- er than an ideological struggle over Communist doctrine as many Western experts ordinarily de- scribe it. He feels it is important for the West to have maximum contacts with both sides in thisl struggle, not just with the Soviet side. 3) Under terms of the under- standing which he has reached with Red China for establishing { : r;;x ?- :33ca 5::Y;'+."v?;;:' -" Kta -' - v:+; recognition, de Gaulle believes he may be laying a basis for a two- China policy since the Chinese did not lay down the condition that recognition covered also their claim to Formosa. Formosa is the island base of the Chinese Nationalist govern- ment which is recognized and strongly supported by the United States. There has been consider- able talk over the years of the possibility that a two-China poli- cy could open the way for recogni- tion of the factual situation that the Communists control the main- land and the Nationalists control the island. Both the Communists and Nationalists have in the past rejected this. Work for Neutrality 4) Once relations are establish- ed, de Gaulle believes it should be possible to use French influence in Peking to work for Red Chi- nese acceptance and support of a true policy of neutrality in South- east Asia-where the East-West conflict now centers in South Viet Nam. Other Western leaders, particu- larly United States policy-makers, sharply dispute the reliability of any Red Chinese neutrality pledge since the neutralization of Laos is still in controversy and United States officials think any partial neutrality measures would be us- ed by the Reds as a new spring- board for conquest. State Department authorities argue that proposals to neutralize South Viet Nam, for example, would make no sense unless Com- munist North Viet Nam was also neutralized and this is considered to be out of the question. Bargaining Position 5) De Gaulle believes that rec- ognition of Red China is directly in line with' the policy of his government for re-establishing a position of French influence in Southeast Asia. And he sees the possibility that expanding trade and other ties between France and the Communist Chinese mainland will provide a bargain- ing position for this. President Seeks Aid Increase WASHINGTON-President Lyndon B. Johnson has urged Congress to enact a far-reaching $540 million aid to education pro- gram as part of his 1965 budget, according to the Washington Post.' Among Johnson's proposals are more provisions to help 'college students, with $45 million ear- marked for loans, graduate fellow- ships and subsidized part-time campus jobs. The President requested Con- gress to approve those portions of the Kennedy education program not passed last year, including grants for public schools. He also budgeted funds to put into effect programs for vocational education and college construction author- ized a few months ago. Supplemental Appropriations He proposed supplemental ap- propriations to the programs at once and full appropriations for fiscal 1965. The public school aid program, to increase teachers' salaries and build more classrooms, died in the midst of bitter debate last year when backers of parochial schools insisted on also receiving aid. The church-state issue is expected to come up again and some observers feel the outcome i, dim for passage of the program. However, Johnson has tied this controversial program to another request, which may fare better in Congress. That proposal asks for aid to states and local school dis- tricts to cope with educational problems in city and rural slums as part of his "war on poverty" program. $540 Million Request About $540 million is asked for both programs. The anti-poverty portion would finance research and demonstration projects in teaching slum children. Johnson's proposed budget also calls for $2.2 billion for the Office of Education, $1 billion more than this year. Business Bosses Drive Dallas CHARLES DE GAULLE DEAN RUSK HEIR APPARENT: ShatiTksOffice As Nehru's Assistant By HENRY S. BRADSHER Associated Press Staff Writer NEW DELHI-Lal Bahadur Shastri began his duties yesterday as deputy-and political heir apparent-to ailing Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. A mild-looking but toughly effective man standing 5-2, Shastri moved into the office next door to the vacant office of the 74-year- old prime minister. Ranks of the ruling Congress party closed in almost unanimous support for Shastri, who is 59. A believer in the ideological mid- road he is widely liked by bothy By JACK LANGGUTH DALLAS - In his novel, "Al- paca," H. L. Hunt, the oil man, once outlined Utopia as glimpsed by a Dallas multimillionaire, In his perfect land, the author would apportion votes on the basis of how much tax each citi- zen paid. To avoid inflaming the unstable masses, always suscpetible to de- magogues, he would bar political discussions from television, radio and all meetings of more than 200 persons. Good Men The experiment, Hunt conclud- ed, would produce dedicated and prosperous men working quietly for the good of the people. In the author's home city, such, an invisible government has ex- isted since 1937. It is called the Dallas Citizens Council. Few of the 234 businessmen' who make up the Citizens Coun- cil would endorse "Alpaca," with its negation of democracy. Yet the group runs Dallas without an electoral mandate and, by and large, runs the city with the suc- cess and selflessness Hunt de- scribed. Emphasis on Education The city of Dallas has the usual appurtenances of city government, including a Mayor and a nine- member City Council. But the in- fluence of the Dallas Citizens Council is at least as great. "If you want to get a project. going," one Citizens Council spokesman said, "you'd better talk to our board of directors." Before the school board pre- pares to float a new bond issue, the board's chairman appears at 'See Passagfe Of Measure By The Associated Press Working against time, the two rival party leaders in the House said Thursday they feel they can get enough votes to give immed- iate effect to a bill to set up a new State Court of Appeals, al- though key Senate Republicans expressed some doubt. If the bill is not given immed- iate effect, the state will not get a new appelate court system by Jan. 1, 1965, as intended by the new Constitution. It would nor- mally not take effect until 90 days after adjournment, which would delay establishment of the court system by a full year. Meanwhile, the first minimum wage bill of the session, calling for a wage hour of $1.50, was filed 'for introduction in the House by Rep. Edward Michalski (D-De- troit). He also introduced a bill providing that denial of a job to any person on account of his age would be an unfair labor practice. a Citizens Council meeting to seek approval. Because the Citizens Council has in the last decade become particularly impressed with the importance of education, that ap- proval will almost certainly be given. Found Lack of Authority Little appears in the newspapers about the workings of the Citizens Council, although, as one of its officials said, "Membership on our board of directors is the first thing that's usually mentioned in an obituary, before the church the man belonged to or what business he was in." The group is not to be confused with the segregationist White Citizens Council common in the South. The Dallas Citizens Council was formed after the centennial cele- bration of Texas independence, .held in Dallas in 1936. The busi- nessmen of the city had worked hard to raise $3.5 million for the event, but the experience had shown them how loosely organ- ized their city was. R. L. Thornton, Sr., one of the five living founders of the Citizens Council, explained later that the backers of the centennial had been slowed by the lack of au- thority they constantly encoun- tered. After a meeting, delegates had to report back to their com- panies before making financial commitments. 'Right Away' "We needed people," Thornton said, "Who could say 'yes' or 'no' right away, to determine if a pro- ject could be done quickly and efficiently. In fact, I wanted to call it 'Yes-Or-No,' but I was overruled." Thornton served as Mayor of Dallas for eight years and as president of the Citizens Council for six. The current Mayor, Earle Cabell, is eligible for the Citizens Council, not because of his elec- tive post, but because he is the president of a dairy. In hailing the election last week of John Stemmons as the new president of the Citizens Council, one newspaper laid out an agenda of civic business for him worthy of a mayor or of a governor. Must Be Invited Three rules were established for membership in the Dallas Citizens Council: The member must be the chief executive officer of a busi- ness, he must be genuinely con- cerned with the good of the city and he must be invited. Hunt is not a member. See DALLAS, Page 5 Reuther Views Excess ProfiIS By The Associated Press CHICAGO-Automobile manu- facturers can raise wages, cut prices and still make a good profit, Walter Reuther, president of the United Auto Workers union, said Thursday. Anticipating new contract nego- tiations this summer, Reuther said his union wants to take its gains out of the "greater profit- ability" of the industry. He said that car manufacturers can cut prices of cars and trucks $200 and still make an 18 per cent profit after taxes. G e n e r al Motors, Ford and Chrysler spokesmen declined to comment on Reuther's remarks, saying they wanted to study the text of his address. right and left of Indian politics. Nehru, who suffered a mild stroke 17 days ago, took his first public outing by motoring over the route of India's Republic Day parade scheduled for tomorrow. .He was closely watched by one of the .doctors who have forbidden him to resume the heavy work load he has carried for 16%'2 years as India's first and only prime minister.' Nehru has told Shastri to take over most of the work. Although Shastri is not given the title of deputy prime minister he now amounts to that. Some well-informed sources said that from there on an intrigue developed and intensified in the cabinet sub-leadership. This is how it' went. Home Minister Gurzarilal Nanda and Finance Minister T. T. Krish- namachari returned to New Delhi from Bhubaneswar and told Pres- ident Sarvarell Radkhakrishnan that Nehru had told them to handle routine matters for him. However, Nehru never gave such instructions, and they virtually took over. For the last two weeks there has been a subterranean struggle in which Nanda sought to keep Shastri out of the cabinet so as to preserve his own importance. But as early as a week ago it be- came clear that Shastri would move into deputy prime minister status and Nanda had lost. Reorganization Bill Introduced GENERATION- ISSU E NO. 2STI LL AVAI LABLE AT SLATER'S FOLLETT'S MARSHALL'S,," WAH R'S COMPLETE TEXT OF MARTIN LUTHER KING SPEECH NEWLY TRANSLATED POEMS BY GEORGE SEFERIS PHOTOGRAPHY ART Stillonly35c, )f LANSING UP) - State govern- ment will take on a streamlined new look if a bill introduced this week by Senators Gerry Brown (R-Schoolcraft) and T h o m a s Schweigert (R-Petoskey) becomes law. The bill would reorganize the functions of about 125 state agen- cies, commissions and offices un- THOMAS SCHWEIGERT' der 15 major departments. One of these new departments would give a "director of licensing and regulation" authority over the work being done by 23 separ- ate boards and by the racing com- missioner. Licensing Authority He also would have authority over some licensing or certifica- tion tasks now being performed by the health commissioner, superin- tendent of public instruction, and Corporation and Securities Com- mission. Existing agencies falling under the licensing and regulation de- partment would "retain their im- dependence substantially, includ- ing quasi-legislative and quasi- judicial functions,' the, two sena- tors said. The new Constitution gives the Legislature until the end of next year to put all executive and ad- ministrative offices "within not more than 20 principal depart- ments." Failing that, the task would fall to the governor. Some of the agency transfers would mean a surrender to the major department of all powers and functions, and the present agency would lose its identity en- tirely. Other transfers would give the major department head discretion over what powers and duties the existing agency, which would re- tai its present identity, could ex- ercise. Director of Commerce The bill describes a "director of commerce" in a department reign- ing over the present functions of the departments of banking, aero- nautics, and economic expansion, and absorbing altogether the Cor- poration and Securities Commis- sion. This director also would be re- sponsible for work now being per- formed by 11 commissions, author- ities and councils, and would take on some regulatory functions now under the treasurer and secretary of state. The Department of State would come in for little change, and its chief would still be called the secretary of state. A Department of Law would be created, headed by the attorney general. Civil Rights Department. There would be a "department of Civil Rights" headed by the Civil Rights Commission, but with exactly the same powers and du- ties the commission has now. 1 CC OMETO C rli- JRH ~~3AB3BAT i-I ORLD NEWS ROUNDUP: Discuss Opening Berlin Wall, ST. ANDREWS CHURCH and the EPISCOPAL STUDENT FOUNDATION 306 North Division Phone NO 2-4097 SUNDAY- 8:00 A.M. Holy Communion. 9:00 A.M. Holy Communion and Sermon Breakfast at Canterbury House 1 1:00 A.M. Morning Prayer and Sermon. 7:00 P.M. Evening Prayer and commentary. TUESDAY- 9:15 A.M. Holy Communion. WEDNESDAY- 7:00 A.M. Holy Communion. FRIDAY- 12:10 P.M. Holy Communion. By The Associated Press BERLIN-Western proposals for opening the Berlin Wall for est Berliners were made in an ist-West meeting yesterday, in- rmed sources reported. Horse Korber, a West Berlin ficial and Erich Wendt, Com- unist East Germany's deputy ltural affairs minister, met in 'est Berlin. It was their third eeting since the holiday visits of est Berliners to East Berlin end- . Jan. 5. No details of the discussion were sclosed. ROME-Premier Aldo Moro re- gned yesterday as secretary-gen- al of Italy's biggest party, the itholic Christian Democrats, to vote himself completely to thex emiership. 4. * * LONDON-Atty. Gen. Robert F. mnedy said yesterday he be- lieves the Indonesians will respect a newly arranged truce with Ma- laysia despite President Sukarno's public profession of continued hos- tility toward the young federation. Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman similarly viewed without alarm the Sukarno post- script to Kennedy's mediation efforts. TARBES, France-Adm. Adol- phe Lepotier yesterday said that France plans to build five atomic submarines equipped with under- water missile launching devices. Work has been in progress for several years on the prototype of an atomic submarine. President Charles de Gaulle has said that the atomic submarine with Polaris type missiles will be the second step in France's nuclear armament program. UNITED NATIONS-Ambassa- dor Adlai E. Stevenson, United States chief delegate to the United Nations, is discouraging a movement to get him the Demo- cratic nomination for vice-presi- dent, a source in his office saidj yesterday. Stevenson has asked the organ- izer of a New Jersey movement to stop, the informant said, because he is not seeking the nomination and finds efforts to win it for him embarrassing. Ile twice was nominated -for President. . * * NEW YORK - The New York Stock Exchange edged to an all- time high yesterday despite profit taking. Trading was heavy. The Dow-Jones average showed 30 in- dustrials up .18, 20 rails up 1.58, 15 utilities up .12 and 65 stocks up .65. The other major departments would be general services, agricul- ture, education, health, highways, labor, natural resources, treasury, social services, and public safety. Most of these would retain the general character of existing ma- jor agencies they would replace, but there would be some shuffling of work among departments to meet the new constitution's re- quirement for and arrangement by function. '1'r! FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH 1917 Washtenaw Ave. Rev. Erwin A. Gaede, Minister Church School & Services - 9:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. Sermon-"The Poverty of the Dream." U-M Student Group, 7:30 p.m. Prof. Emeritus Roy Wood Sellars on "Humanism: Religion Without God." Bus service available morning and evening. Sunday Evening Forum, 8:00 p.m. Dr. Calvin Michael, -"Growing Up in a Punitive Age." PACKARD ROAD BAPTIST CHURCH Meeting in the Ann Arbor Y.M.-Y.W.C.A at 5th and Williams Rev. Jesse Northweather, Pastor Phone 668-9894 SUNDAY- 9:45 a.m. Sunday School. 11:00 a.m. Morning Worship. 6:30 p.m. Training Union. 7:30 p.m. Evening Worship. BAPTIST STUDENT UNION Meeting in Room 528D in basement of S.A.B. Wednesday-7:30 p.m. Devotions. LUTHERAN STUDENT CENTER AND CHAPEL (National Lutheran Council) Hill Street at South Forest Avenue Dr. Henry O. Yoder, Pastor. SUNDAY 9:30 and 11:00 a.m. Worship Services. 7:00 p.m. Skating Party. Wednesday-7:30 p.m. Student led Vespers. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 1432 Washtenaw Ave. NO 2-4466 Ministers: Ernest T. Campbell, Malcolm Brown, Virgil Janssen. SUNDAY Worship at 9:00 and 10:30 A.M. and 12 Noon. Presbyterian Campus Center located at the Church. Staff: Jack Borckardt and Patricia Pickett Stoneburner. WESLEY FOUNDATION AND FIRST METHODIST CHURCH State and Huron Streets 663-5560 Minister--Hoover Rupert Campus Minister-Eugene Ransom Associate Campus Minister-Jean Robe SUNDAY Morning Worship at 9:00 and 11:15 a.m. "The Place of Laymen in the Church," Dean William Hubbard and Dean Allan Smith. 10:15 am.-Student Seminar, Pine Room. 7:00 p m.-Worship andl Program, "Sex on the Campus," a discussion, Lounge. MONDAY 7:00 p.m.-Cell Group No. 1, Gene Ron- som's office. TUESDAY 7:00 p.m.-Study Group. Religious Issues in Drama. T. S. Eliot's "The Cocktail Hour." 8:30-11:00 p.m.-Open House-Jean Robe's apartment. WEDNESDAY 7:00 a.m.-Holy Communion, Chapel, fol- lowed by breakfast, Pine Room. 5:10 p.m.-Holy Communion, Chapel. 6:00 p.m. - Wesley Grads: Supper, Fine Room. Speaker, Professor Marcus Plant, University Law School. 7:15 p.m.-Cell Group No. 2, Gene Ran- som's office. THURSDAY 7:00 p.m.-Class: Christian Dating, Court- ing and Marriage, Green Room. UNIVERSITY LUTHERAN CHAPEL AND STUDENT CENTER (The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod) 151 1 Washtenow Avenue Alfred T. Schelp nPastor John Koenig, Vicar Sunday at 9:45 and 11:15 a.m.: Services, Ser- mon by Vicar, "Post-Marital Christians." Sunday at 1 1:1 5 a.m.: Bible Study. Sunday at 6:00 p.m.: Gamma Delta Supper; Program at 6:45, Panel Discussion with Newman Club members. 11 ,; dl 11 RENT A TV THIS SEMESTER = NEW 19" G.E. PORTABLES VOICE-iL j Jifat Chaptep of Students for a Democratic Society THE CHURCH OF CHRIST W. Stadium at Edgewood Across from Ann Arbor High John G. Makin, Minister SUNDAY 10:00 A.M. Bible School 11:00 A.M. Regular Worship 6:00 P.M. Evening Worship WEDNESDAY 7:30 P.M. Bible Study Transportation furnished for all services- i" CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH Corner State and William Dr. Fred E. Luchs, Minister Services: 9:30 and 11:15 a.m. Bible Forum, 10:30 a.m., Dr. Preston Slosson. CHURCH SCHOOL: 9:30 and 11:15 a.m. lit I 4'