FRIDAY, APRIL 17 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE THE FRDYARL 7 18 HE MC IG N AIYP W ' i t'ixi 1AiU1 U.,S. Gives Detal s Of' Control Plan Freeze Large Missiles, Bombers, Provide for Continual Base Checks GENEVA (P-The United States explained in detail yesterday President Lyndon B. Johnson's proposed freeze on nuclear delivery weapons, saying it could be carried out without inspection of stock- piles. The Soviet Union at once cold shouldered the idea, although it apparently was designed to overcome in part Russian objections Qto international inspection of various stages of disarmament. U.S. Delegate Adrian S. Fisher said the freeze would apply to all land-based missiles with a range of more than 621 miles and to all sea-based missiles--such as the Polaris-with a range of more than 62 miles. Bombers, Missiles In addition, it would include all strategic bombers weighing more than 27.5 tons, their air-to-surface missiles with a range of more than 62 miles, and strategic anti-missile systems. Strategic airfields and launch- ing pads would be placed under permanent international surveil- lance. Any increase or improve- ment of strategic delivery systems would be banned. There would be no inventory or control of existing weapons, Fish- er said. By keeping tabs on all production facilities and launch- ing sites, the proposed treaty would automatically freeze stockpiles at the level reached when the treaty comes into force. Expose Secrets Soviet Delegate Semyon K. Tsarapkin objected to the whole verification procedure as an at- tempt to expose Soviet defense se- crets to the scrutiny of Western spies. While repeating the old Soviet objections to the Johnson idea, he carefully left the door open for continuing negotiations. CHARLES DE GAULLE .Doubts Aid From.Alilies PARIS P-) - French President Charles de Gaulle defended his budding nuclear force last night with a declaration that France must have these weapons because she cannot count on the United States to defend her. As long as the Soviet Union threatens the West, France can be destroyed and invaded "without any certainty that our American allies, themselves directly exposed to death, will be able to prevent this for us," he told a nationwide radio-television audience. The government announced late last year that atomic bombs and Mirage IV supersonic airplanes to deliver them were on production lines. There is no evidence yet, however, that France has a fully operational strike unit ready to take to the air. Plans are going ahead for testing of a hydrogen bomb in the Pacific within two years. De Gaulle also stoutly backed his aid program for Africa, Asia and Latin America. Expert Cites Russian Aid Curtailment LONDON (M)--An authority on Soviet economic affairs says the Soviet Union has curtailed its aid to the developing nations for both economic and political reasons. Alfred Zauberman, a lecturer at the London School of Economics, made the statement in an article in "The World Today," a month- ly publication issued by the Roy- al Institute of International Af- fairs. He said the Soviet Union has tightened its foreign payment po- sition. "The effort to modernize the industrial structure entails vast imports of capital goods, complete plants and know-how," he said. "Hence, there is a strong prob- ability of further expansion of the USSR's trade with the West and of a further quest for Western credits, with the obvious political as well as economic consequences." One of the results of the tight- ened foreign payments is the "dis- cernible loss of impetus in the So- viet Union's aid to retarded coun- tries outside her orbit," he wrote. He said credits to these coun- tries were estimated at $400 mil- lion, or roughly 0.5 per cent of the aid provided by the West. He add- ed that new Soviet pledges in 1963 were half the amount for the pre- vious year. He expressed belief the situation probably is due partly to non- economic considerations-"to the fact that political yields on this outlay have not borne out expec- tations." At the United Nations Trade and Development Conference in Geneva Soviet delegates have de- livered harsh attacks on the aid program by the United States and other Western powers for the de- veloping countries. SEMYON K. TSARAPKIN ROCKEFELLER: State Passes Li uor Rules ALBANY (R) - Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller won a major victory at home last night when the New York Legislature approved his bit- terly debated liquor-law reforms, and he returned immediately to the national campaign trail. FOOD-FOR-PEACE PLAN: Farm Surplus Moves into Aid Program By OVID A. MARTIN Associated Press Farm Writer WASHINGTON--Surplus Ame- rican food is complementing-and in some cases replacing-the dol- lar in performing a multitude of jobs for the nation and its friends abroad. Those jobs include bridge- building, construction of American military and other housing, erec- tion of schools, financing of re- search, translation of books, pay- ment of American obligations in some countries, building of com- mon defense facilities and many more. The extent to which this food is being used in place of dollars is outlined in the government's re- cent report on what is popularly called the food-for-peace program. Under this program, farm sur- pluses-many accumulated under government price-support opera- tions-are made available to eco- nomically weak countries under concessionary terms. In some cases, they are donated to help relieve famine and distress grow- ing out of disasters. $11.4 Billion Since the program was started in 1954, more than $11.4 billion in farm products have been moved abroad under the program. In most cases, countries receiv- ing the food pay for it in their own currencies because they do not have the dollars or other cur- rencies readily accepted in for- eign exchange. Uncle Sam uses these curren- cies to finance scores of activities designed to help both this country and the recipients of the food. He can do this without using his own dollars, and thus hold down his balance-of-payments deficits. Without the food, this country could not have carried on all the activities abroad that it has with- out running into a very serious foreign exchange problem that might have forced a cheapening of the dollar. Mauor Job Doubtless thermost important task financed by American food has been the lending of the for- eign currencies it received for the food back to the recipient coun- tries to help them finance eco- nomic development. A total of $4.3 billion has been loaned. The United States expects in time to get this money back-with better customers for its food and financial products. This country also has made grants totaling $1.8 billion for economic development. Some of the projects financed by these loans and grants include rehabil- itation of run-down transporta- tion systems, construction of vo- cational schools, construction of sanitary and water systems, build- ing of bridges and roads. This country has used $1.7 bil- lion of the foreign currencies to pay its obligations, such as ex- penses of embassies. This has saved dollars. It has loaned $179 million to private U.S. concerns to develop new industries in the developing countries. Farm Markets Money from the program has been used to the extent of $79 million to help develop new markets for U.S. farm products by financing trade fairs, research on consumer demands, food-pro- cessing schools, cooking demon- strations, merchandizing clinics and advertising. A total of $545 -million worth of food has been used to finance common defense facilities in 15 friendly countries. Nearly $94 million has been used to build military housing abroad. A total of $14 million has been used on U.S. information programs, includ- ing distribution of periodicals, translation of books and distribu- tion of motion pictures and radio, and television programs. Nearly $45 million worth of food has been used to finance educa- tional exchange programs which bring foreign students to this country and send American stu- dents to other countries. Slightly more than $16 million has been spent on scientific research per- formed for thiscountry by scien- tific institutions abroad. Medical Education More than $18 million has been. used to help promote medical and THE LIVELY CRICKET HEEL by American Girl is higher-than-flat, more flattering-than-flat. It's the heel height you've wished for, now at Jacobson's. On the sprite-liest new open spectator. Black, red or bone patent. 6.99 . . :_< + . .. ._ , , '^* ' k e . . '_ : . i p t$ ij {I health education in other coun- tries. Some of the foreign currency re- ceived for the food is sold to American tourists. Such sales help reduce the flow of dollars abroad. The food-for-peace program will be 10 years old in July. Orig- inally conceived largely as a meas- ure for disposing of farm surplus- es in a constructive way, the pro- gram has developed, government sponsors say, "as an instrument that is also effective in support of our trade and foreign policy goals, and a major tool in the worlawide struggle for freedom from hunger.' . The administration has asked Congress to extend the program three more years. No strong op- position is indicated. World News Roundup By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-President Lyn- don B. Johnson said yesterday the total output of goods and services in the United States zoomed to an annual rate of $608.5 billion in the first quarter of 1964, up $37 billion over the same period of last year. Johnson also said the unemployment rate dipped form 5.8 per cent to 5.4 per cent during the same period. At the same time, he said, employment climbed by 1.5 million. He said the cost of living index in the United States had remain- ed more stable than that of any other major industrial nation in the world. WASHINGTON-Harold Brown, Pentagon director of research, said yesterday there is no military need for a 100-megaton bomb. Brown, addressing a House Ap- propriations subcommittee, pitted himself against the views of the Air Force chief of staff; Gen. Cur- tis E. Lemay, who has told Con- gress many tmies that the United States needs such a bomb. This was one reason cited by Lemay for opposing the administration's nuclear test ban treaty. UNITED NATIONS-The Unit- ed Arab Republic has broken the front of those refusing to pay for the United Nations operation in The Congo by paying almost all of its arrears on that item. ALGIERS - Algerian President Ahmed Ben Bella opened the first congress of the ruling National Liberation party in Algiers yester- day with an appeal to forget the past and get along with the future. Bella urged building of demo- cratic structures, organizing elec- tions for all levels of government and carrying on with socialism anld other worker-management control of enterprise. He proclaimed "our unshaking support of Cuba, no matter what the cost. He pledged aid also to African nationalists in Angola and Mozambique and praised the So- viet bloc for its support in the fight against "imperialism." * * * NEW YORK - Stock market averages inched their way to rec- ord high again yesterday, in fair- ly active trading. The Dow-Jones 65 stock average closed up .16, with 30 industrials up .22, 20 rails up.23 and 15 utilities up .09. Young Timers Shoes YEARNING FOR AN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE ? Build your own Hi-Fi system! Give yourself the opportunity to experience a truly inspir- ing weekend! Break away from humdrum epicurean routine and build an amplifier this Saturday night. -The #4ic Ceitter 304 S. Thayer 1304 S. University I The Engineering Council presens- TECHNIRAMA '64 ENGINEERING' OPEN HOUSE Featuring: * Nuclear Reactor Naval Test Tank * Sub and Supersonic Wind Tunnel * NASA Mercury Space Capsule SPECIAL SATURDAY MATINEE FORROMANOFF & JULIET SAVES AD WRITER Imagine an ad writer with noth- ing to write about. Horrible thought, isn't it? You can imagine how terrible our copywriter felt when we told him ROMANOFF & JULIET was al- most sold out even before he wrote a single ad. He cried. Well, we had to do something so we arranged a Special Saturday Mdtinee at 2 p.m.-April 1_8- with all seats reserved for only $1.50. It gave him something to write about. He smiled. We think we pre- vented a suicide. The human thing to do, of course. I Sr mor -- *a95 "ihwh "GRASSHOpr'Kd-ih " . . feKE nd ter a 49ed5ontuin w a e oebuc oteone e u 'lgtegt" rshpe"Kd-wt thi0itntvlwcu tlnterco feladterfmusKd osrcin " n its asalo ore + stup I SI .5 edC - A perennial favorite that's now a classic tradition, our cable-knit tennis sweater. Available in V-neck and cardigan fronts; trims of navy/maroon, AIS to $200 For Girls-The classic V-neck and a new high button cardigan in trims of navy/maroon. Ad to $1950 I Saturday, Apr. 18, 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. I 'ZiirA Ar 10 1 P M to P M I) I