SUNDAY, APRIL 5, 1964
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
wo ..w. FIRST TARGET:
a... ..." Atlanta Responds to the Negro Jobs Cos T
Jobs Co..rps.T
'o Attack
THE SOVIETS STRUCK back at the Red Chinese yesterday in
the form of a speech by Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev at Lib-
eration Day ceremonies in Budapest. Khrushchev predicted world
Communism would unite against the Chinese, whom he called
splitters."
Bulgaria Pledges,
Support to Soviet
In-Red CampRift
By The Associated Press
MOSCOW-Bulgaria yesterday pledged its support to Premier
Nikita S. Khrushchev in his battle with the Communist Chinese as
Tass, the official Communist news agency, disclosed that world Com-
munism's showdown meeting is planned for next fall.
This gives plenty of time for all parties to take a position and for
Premier Khrushchev to marshal his strength for the climatic test of
strength with Mao Tse-tung. The Bulgarian Communist Party was the
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the
first in a series of articles deal-
ing with the Negro in Atlanta. The
reporter, although not a native
Southerner, has lived in the city
for five years.)
By ROBERT JOHNSTON
Special To The Daily
ATLANTA-This is an ambitious
city; those in control, the busi-
nessmen, have great hopes for the
city's future.
It is against thi background
of business ambition that the dra-
ma of social change wrought by
the Negro revolution is being play-
ed.
If the business community runs
the show, there are nevertheless
many groups working on the peri-
phery of power. Some are direct-
ly cooperating with the leadership,
some are pursuing their own goals
separately and a few are fighting
the new order with every re-
source at their command.
Lester Maddox, firmly entrench-
ed in his cafeteria at a safe dis-
tance from the downtown area,
is one of these last. Undisputed
leader of the loyal opposition, he
has become the rallying point and
has carried the flag of the old
Confederacy for all those-and
there are many-who are disen-
chanted with the changes sweep-
ing over the city and state.
From a weekly advertisement in
the Saturday newspapers, Maddox
fires off scathing attacks at every
target in sight, be it a Communist
conspiracy, city hall plot or news-
paper distortion. With a personal
following that reaches into every
nook and cranny of the state, he
has an information network that
serves as a basis for his political
fireworks as well as knowledge
and understanding of what a sig-
nificant number of Georgians are
thinking.
Cooperating with the city lead-
ership and providing it with much
more depth in social outlook and
general philosophy than it would
ordinarily have are several groups,
mainly with white leadership,
which are firmly committed to an
eventual integration of the Negro
into the mainstream of the city's
social, political and economic life.
The Greater Atlanta Council on
Human Relations is one of these.
Another, the Southern Regional
Council, is an organization with
headquarters in Atlanta but which
takes the entire South for its
field of operations.
The approach of these orga-
nizations is two-fold. They at-
tempt first to provide a means
of communication between the
white and Negro communities.
This is done through meetings,
conferences, negotiations and per-
sonal contact and is largely the
work of the Atlanta Council.
The Southern Regional Council
does little field work in Atlanta,
but does have considerable in-
fluence and importance in the city
because its leadership is located
and largely drawn from here. The
Council is very active in publi-
cations, working to provide a ra-
tional and thought-out reference
point for the Negro movement. A
great dealof original study, criti-
cism and inspiration for the move-
ment has resulted from this work.
* * *
The principal Negro leadership
has long been drawn from the At-
lanta University Center. The Cen-
ter is an affiliation of six inde-
pendent and church-related col-
leges and universities and is the
largest center of higher education
for Negroes in the world. Its en-
rollment was 4300 in 1962.
The Atlanta University Center's
faculty and administration form
a critical pool of leadership for
the Negro community. The stu-
dents are also forming an in-
(EDITOR'S NOTE: Nationalist
Chinese President Chiang Kai-shek
granted the following exclusive in-
terview to hte Associated Press.)
By ROBERT EUNSON
Associated Press Staff Writer
TAIPEI-Americans should face
the fact that. Red China's "ulti-
mate aim is the defeat of the Unit-
ed States," Nationalist Chinese
President Chiang Kai-shek said
yesterday.
"Despite encouraging remarks
(such as Sen. J. William Ful-
bright's (D-Ark) statement March
25 that Washington should think
about flexibility toward Peking)
to the Chinese Communists, the
United States is and always will be
enemy number one."
He described relations between
Moscow and Peking as having "al-
ready reached the point of no re-
turn," so long as their present
rulers are in power.
No Intervention
Recommending removal of the
Communist regime in China, he
said "I am certain the Russians
will not intervene."
"American tactics in Viet Nam
have proved unsuccessful so far,"
Chiang said, adding however, that
removing United States military
forces from Southeast Asia would
be inconceivable.
"A withdrawal from Viet Nam
would be considered the first step
in an American withdrawal from
the Pacific, including Japan," Chi-
ang said.
Red Onslaught
The Nationalist Chinese leader
predicted that if the United
States withdrew from Asia, then
creasingly active thrust of their the Negro population, will move, The National Association for the
own, an impetus which is assu.i- or be moved, into the mainstream Advancement of Colored People
ing more and more importance in of the Negro movement and be- has devoted a great deal of its
the affairs of the Atlanta Negro. come a real part of the city. time and talent to resolving its
Of the city's 500,000 people, 40 There are many other groups aims in Atlanta. Many other Ne-
per cent are Negro. With its well- that have played their parts on gro groups are also at work. They
qualified leadership as well as the the Atlanta stage. The city's news- range from the Urban League, run
long-standing active cooperation papers, particularly the Atlanta by a very prosperous Negro mi-
of an increasing segment of the Constitution under Ralph McGill, nority, to the Black Muslims.
city's white power structure, the have long provided the city with These groups and many more
Negro population has become an loud, clear and succinct liberal have been busy in Atlanta. They
active and potent force in local voices. There also is a wide spec- have provided the city with a wide
politics. As the level of Negro ed- trum of citizens groups that are range of discussion and action in
ucation, ambition and ability rises, active, though not necessarily a an effort to resolve the situation of
this group, by far the majority of part of the power structure. the Negro in Atlanta.
'FACE THE FACT':
Chiang Stresses Red Threat
National
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-Senate oppon-
ents of the civil rights bill gain-
ed a day in their fight to delay a
vote on the measure when the
measure's backers were unable to
produce a quorum for a Saturday
session yesterday.,
ATLANTA-A Negro attorney
from Albany, Ga., C. B. King,
qualified yesterday as a candidate
for the 2nd district Congress race
-the first Negro in recent Geor-
gia history to run for Congress.
WASHINGTON--President Lyn-
don B. Johnson yesterday made
available $5 million in federal dis-
aster relief funds in earthquake-
stricken Alaska. The President
wired Gov. William Egan of Alas-
ka that he had released the mon-
ey, and made it blear it is an
initial allocation to get working
funds into the state's disaster re-
covery'operations.
Johnson said additional federal
money will be allocated as the dis-
aster-relief work progresses.
MASONTOWN, Pa.-Angry coal
miners heaped ridicule yesterday
on the new national soft coal
contract-then voted unanimous-
ly to continue a wildcat strike.
* * *
NEW YORK-Thirty civil rights
pickets, including the Brooklyn
minister who headed the recent
city school boycotts, were arrested
yesterday on charges of hamper-
ing construction at the site of
the New York World's Fair.
* * ,'
WASHINGTON - Sen. Clifford
P. Case (R-NJ) yesterday request-
ed a chance to appear before the
Senate Rules Committee to de-
mand an interview of any dealings
between senators and Bobby Ba-
ker.
SAN FRANCISCO -- Assailing
absent candidates who "either can-
not or are unwilling to take the
issues directly to the people," Sen.
Barry Goldwater (R-Ariz) said
yesterday he is re-shaping his
California campaign to cope with
"the obvious growing success of
the Madison Avenue technique."
4second to line up with the Soviet
leadership. The first was Hungary
where Khrushchev is visiting.
Keep Silent
i
Most Communist parties have
maintained an embarrassed si-
lence on Khrushchev's efforts to
force a showdown with China.
Tass reported from Sofia that
the Bulgarian Party charged the
Chinese with betraying interna-
tional Communism and trying to
bos~s it. ',
The Bulgarians lashed at the
Chinese for attacking Khrush-,
chev. "The Chinese leaders hope to
behead and disorganize the in-
ternational Communist movement
and impose their disastrous and
harmful general line on it," a Bul-
garian spokesman said.
Release Statement
They released a statement of
position, which Tass said was
taken March 21, saying:
"The plenary meeting of the
Central Committee of the Bulgar-
ian Communist Party heartily ap-
proves and unanimously supports
the proposal of the Soviet Com-
munist Party Central Committee
to cai this autumn an interna-
tional meeting of Fraternal Com-
munist Workers' Parties."
The Soviet press claimed wide
support in the clash with Peking.
Diplomatic and other sources
here described the Soviet position,
as outlined in the 30,000-word
statement of principles published
in Pravda as essentially defensive.
Every gesture made by the S-
oviet Communist Party during the
past year has been either ignored
or met by new Chinese attacks
and the Chinese are continuing.
the pattern.
The Soviet Party, long master
in the Communist camp, appar-
ently can expect support from all
the European Communist parties
except Albania. So far only Hun-
gary has spoken out, with a long
denunciation of .the Chinese for
challenging Soviet leadership.
New Talks
Khrushchev a n d Hungarian
Communist leaders will start a
new round of talks next week aim-
ed at strengthening the Moscow
camp against increasing Red Chi-
nese attacks, Soviet sources said
yesterday.
Chief topic apparently will be
establishment of new organiza-
tional forms to coordinate foreign
policy among the members of the
Communist Council for Mutual
Economic Assistance. China is not
a member.
CHIANG KAI-SHEK
Cambodia, Thailand and even the
Philippines would topple in front
of a Communist onslaught.
There were sparks as he com-
mented on the statement by Sen.
Fulbright, chairman of the United
States Senate Foreign Relations
Committee, that Americans should
"jar open our minds to certain
realities about China, of which
!i
Jiattctrw c S teuerj
of Ann Arbor
209 EAST LIBERTY
ti ten tkeh
.. headquarters for Carter's famous cotton knits
Famous Spanky Pants
MICH IGANENSIAN
MASS MEETING
SUNDAY, APRIL 5,7:30 P.M.
at the Student Publications Bldg.
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