SMOKING: NO BUTTS ABOUT IT See Editorial-Page' Y Seventy-Three Years of Editorial Freedom Iaiti SUNNY High-39 Low-22 Fair and slightly warmer VOL. LXXIV, No. 141 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, APRIL 4, 1964 SEVEN CENTS 1 SIX" PA US., Panama Resume Ties, To Seek Settlement of Basic Differences WASHINGTON (M)-The United States and Panama agreed yester- day to end their 11-week breach of diplomatic relations and to dis- cuss differences which' were cli- maxed in bloody January rioting. A 150-word agreement to re- store relations severed Jan. 17 and to seek a settlement on longstand- ing disputes was signed at the White House amid considerable fanfare. President Lyndon B. Johnson then talked by phone with Pan- ama's President Roberto Chiari. A short time later, Johnson designated Robert B. Anderson, former secretary of the treasury, as the special U.S. emissary to seek an end to differences which go all the way back to the 1903 treaty which gave the United States perpetual control of the Panama Canal zone. Extensive Revision Panama is expected to press for extensive revision of the 19031' treaty, apparently desiring a wholly new pact. Any new treaty or substantive changes in the present one would require ap- proval of the Senate. First congressional reaction to the agreement was favorable. Senator Wayne Morse (D-Ore), often a severe critic of the ad- ministration's f o r e i g n policies, said Johnson showed "g r e a t statesmanship" in bringing about the agreement. Sen. George Aiken (R-Vt said there now is "substantial hope that the Panama situation ,can be worked out amicably. But don't expect it to be worked out next week." i Talks with Panamanian officials indicate that what Panama wants is': 1) Elimination of the perpetu- ity clause of the 1903 treaty, 2) Reaffirmation of Panama's sovereignty over the canal zone, 3) Increased benefits to Pan- ama from the canal, upping Pan- ama's -current annual royalties of $1.9 million to perhaps $5 million. Equal Pay 4) Equal job opportunities in the canal operations for U.S. and Panamanian citizens as well as the same rate of pay, 5) To make Spanish as well as English the official language of the canal zone. The on-again-off-again efforts by the OAS to bring the nations together snagged again and again on a difference in the meaning of "discuss" and "negotiate." The agreement opening the way for talks was signed by the U.S. and Panamian ambassadors to the Organization of American States who had participated in weeks of previouslyefruitlessrdiscussions trying to set up a parley. Discuss Anything The United States has insisted it would discuss anything - after restoration of diplomatic relations broken by Panama-but wouldn't agree in advance to negotiate a new treaty-one of the principal Panamanian demands. Just as insistently, Panama contended the United States should agree to negotiate a new treaty.' I The agreement met the U.S. requirement for restored relations but neatly skirted other semanics, problems that had delayed agree- ments. It said the special am- bassadors "will begin immediately r _, {. a r{+'1 vk or4h{ti >'s"° .} ,> ,y, :0'"r }Tav"{{a>,"{.ayar y},{{{"}:rj "'"'{.:rr{} ,r }:;r."."ri'{r;x x 4a ;r"a:Yrr.}}"rr .a;{ }y,.;.; {.}y{r, r r i."ra1:Y..4 .'r > " .r.4... ..yr..rti .Ra>.vfi;>a '}$,{.a}4....da:6.:i'P.rfi..a .a'2"}r."}}:".a.> r ay}rl# >eio: Aa .a.fi:S<>:{.>i Y. ?:"i.{": :{a:."r .'a."::. :3 ... .".. "4 ":L". ';. "J.. l4. Y4. Views Research Issues Federal support of basic research in the nation's univer- sities has elevated American science to a position of world leadership, the National Academy of Science's public policy and science committee stated recently. It also claimed that despite present concerns, this support program can provide far only traditional freedom of scientific inquiry but also accountability of public funds. A report by the committee sets three guiding principles, which the group believes must never be violated or negotiated: the responsibility of the government. for the expenditure of public funds; the independence of the universities and the freedom of the scientist in conducting his research, reaching his own conclusions and making them public. 'Enlightened Policies' The report, prepared under the direction of chairman Prof. George B. Kistiakowsky of Harvard University, attributes the success of the federal support program "in no small measure to enlightened policies of several federal agencies- specifically to the current emphasis on support by research project grants and by fixed-price research contracts. The scientific community has consistently insisted on the recognition of the principle of scientific freedom, and the American political community has recognized that this freedom is consistent with our form of society and responsible govern- ment. "The record shows a continuous regard for the govern- ment's responsibility for' the money entrusted to it by the people. And the overwhelming majority of the scientific com- munity has throughout the record respected that responsibility," the committee report said. In the Public Interest The committee seeks policies by which accountable support can effectively advance scientific inquiry in the public interest. To achieve this end, it recommends that' 1) Federal agencies not presently using study or advisory groups of scientists to evaluate research proposals should do so. 2) Membership in these groups should be on a relatively short-tern rotating basis and drawn from wide circles of the scientific community. 3) The ordering of proposals by such groups on the basis of scientific merit "should be seriously considered by the federal agency staffs and modified only in special circumstances." Seriously Considered 4) These groups should not be involved in detailed evalua- tion of proposed budgets, although their judgments on a project's general reasonableness should be seriously considered. 5) Scientists should consider such advisory service to be as significant to the advancement of science as time spent in their own laboratories. The committee endorses the traditional grant-contract system of research support, but it also seeks -The strengthening and -broadening of institutional or general research grants related to general institutional costs involved in research but, "now being made on too modest a scale by the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation" and Junior Scientists -The granting of small sums to junior scientists on the basis of a very general outline of research interestq and en- dorsement by their seniors. A third auxiliary type of support which, the committee warned, should not be extensively used until principles and criteria for such awards have been carefully studies by a com- petent special task force, would be "a distinct and selective program of support to some weaker institutions on the basis of demonstrated will to utilize iaew funds to raise the level of research and graduate education." The recent trend toward government and university ad- ministration controls and red tape should be reversed, the See DISCUSS, Page 2 U.S. To Seek Trade with Slays, Poles WASHINGTON (P) -President Lyndon B. Johnson informed Congress yesterday he has decided to grant most - favored - nation treatment to imports from Yugo- slavia and Poland. "I hereby determine that ex- tending the benefits of trade agreement concessions" to Yugo- slav and Polish products "will be important to the national inter- est and will promote the inde- pendence of these two countries from domination or control by international Communism," John- son wrote. His decision, made March 26, was set forth in a memorandum to Secretary of State Dean Rusk, who in turn officially notified Congress. The notification cleared the way for restoring to the two countries trade concessions which Congress ordered taken from them in 1962 by an amendment to the Trade Expansion. Act. Under administration prodding, Congress amended the act last December to authorize the Presi- dent to extend most-favored-na- tion status to Poland and Yugo- slavia if he finds this important to the national interest. The an- nouncement fulfilled that require- nment.' In a statement attached to the communication Johnson said that both Yugoslavia and Poland "have demonstrated that they are pre- pared to undertake considerable risks to maintain and increase their independence." Trade with the United States is one of the important ways in which these countries can resist Soviet control, Johnson's state- ment continued, saying that de- priving them of the opportunity for competitive trade "would be a sure way to reverse the trend in Eastern Europe and to increase and influence of the Soviets." Johnson said Yugoslavia has demonstrated its determination to maintain its independence from Soviet bloc domnation. Although Poland enjoys less in- dependence, nevertheless, since 1956, it has "attained-a-'arge measure of autonomy both in in- ternal affairs and in foreign re- lations," the statement said. Johnson Asks For Increased NATO Solidity WASHINGTON (R) - President Lyndon B. Johnson, addressing the Atlantic Alliance, called on its 15 member countries yesterday to avoid "egotistical and aggressive' nationalism" and seek "closer. partnership." Declaring that the Communist danger which inspired the crea- tion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization has receded, John- son said the "Atlantic agenda" remains challenging. Many of Johnson's key state- ments seemed aimed at the inde- pendent position of French Presi- dent Charles de Gaulle, whose coolness toward NATO has been marked. The Chief Executive quoted a, Frenchman, Robert Schuman, in saying that the salvation and wel- fare of nations "can no longer be based upon an egotistical and ag- gressive nationalism but must rest upon the progressive appli- cation of human solidarity." In another indirect reference to de Gaulle, the President said "we' find no contradiction between na- tional self-respect and interde- pendent mutual reliance." The President also spoke briefly of the current status of the Cold, War, saying, "We must be alive to, the new spirit of diversity now abroad in Eastern Europe. "Our guard is up," he said, "but our hand is out." Flint Group Backs Stout' Prediction on, CHURCH VS. STATE: Sues T'o Halt Funtdsi For Religious Unit By BARBARA SEYFRIED Charging a violation of the separation of church and state, a Dearborn professor has sued to prevent that city's board of education from supporting a religious center at the Henry Ford Community College. Wayne County Circuit Judge Edward S. Piggins yesterday post- poned hearings on the suit, brought by Prof. Donald A. Calkins of the community college, until April 17. ,The religious center was created two years ago to serve both the Dearborn Campus and the community college. The University helped 4 form a board of director composed' of some of the leading citizens of Dearborn, out of which was cre- ated the religious center. ORA For two years after that a member of the University Office of Religious Affairs spent two days a week in Dearborn as acting coordinator of religious affairs. Recently the center's board of directors decided the center need- ed a full-time coordinator. This required $17,000. The University ,and Henry Ford Community Col- 1Lge agreed to spit the cost. When the Board of Education allocated the $8600, Prof. Calkins brought suit. 'Favors No Faith' "The lawsuit probably won't get very far because what was done favors no religious faith," DeWitt C. Baldwin, coordinator of religious affairs and chairman of the board of religious counselors at the University, surmised. "If, however, the lawsuit should be ruled in favor of Prof. Calkins, then we at the University will probably carry it to a higher court," Baldwn .said. "The lawsuit was started for a reason other than unconstitu- tionality Some of the. professors at the community college felt that money shouldn't have been allo- cated to the religious center mere- ly as a matter of 'Jealousy as to where the money went. Misinterpretation "The suit rests on a misinter- pretation of the concept of sep- ara ticn of church'and state. What separation means is that neither the federal government nor a state has the right to select one" faith as the state faith," Baldwin added. He pointed out that the func- tion of the Office of Religious Af- fairs is not to promote any speci- fic religior or the concept of re- ligion in general. It. is instead a coordinatingnagency for all the religions on campus and their ac- tivities and a counseling agency for those with religious problems. It also recommends speakers on request and sponsors an edu- cational program to stimulate thought on religious topics. It does not hold any religious worship service, and the utilization of its services is strictly voluntary. The religious center in Dear- born provides the same services, Baldwin said. 'U' Growt. Campaigners Hurl' Charges In City Race, By LEONARD PRATT A burst of last-minute election in-fighting has developed in the First Ward of Ann Arbor.' The Republican challenger, Fred Tower, has issued a cam- paign brochure entitled "Five Reasons Why You Should Vote for Fred Tower" in which he at- tacks Democratic incumbent Eunice L. Burns. Mrs. Burns has replied that Tower's claims. in the brochure are either "dead issues" or that they have been grossly misrepre- sented. Principle areas of disagreement center around two of Tower's charges, the first of these is the matter of urbanTrenewal'"and.'the second, fair housing. Mrs. Burns told The Daily that she believes urban renewal, which Tower charges she favors despite the fact that it allegedly leads to loss of jobs and homes, is "dead and irrelevant to this elec- tion." Tower's second charge was that while Mrs. Burns had voted "No" on the Fair Housing Ordinance, he supported it "100 per cent." He stated that this was "a matter of City Council record," a matter in which anyone who wished could easily find out for himself. In reply, Mrs. Burns confirmed that she had voted against the housing ordinance. "I did not feel that an ordinance which served only 75 per cent of Ann Arbor's housing units was one which the citizens of Ann Arbor would bene- fit from. I wanted a stronger hous- ing bill," she concluded. Asked for his feelings on the disturbance which his brochure had caused, Tower stated that "I was surprised that there' was so much agitation. All I did was state the facts." Mrs. Burns said she was "both angry and sad about it. I don't feel that this kind of misrepresen- tation has to happen in politics." ROBERTO F. CHIARI the necessary procedures with the objective of reaching a just and fair agreement." It said the ambassadors will have "sufficient powers to seek the prompt elimination of the causes of conflict between the two countries without limitations or preconditions of any kind." The "without, limitations" gives Pan- ama its chance to talk treaty and the "without . . . preconditions" preserves the U.S. position on this touchy issue. Morena later told a reporter he would become the new Panaman- ian ambassador to the United States, succeeding Augusta Guil- lermo Arango. Group Reveals Speaker Topics Programs on "The Effect of the Machine and Man" and "Poverty" are the topics the Public Discus- sion Committee will highlight in its first attempt to present con- troversial issues to the student body next fall. The committee's function is to put a "comprehensive, impartial and objective program of on-cam- pus public discussion about im- portant, controversial s o c i a l issuess" before the students. The committee's function is that of a coordinator between ac- tivities sponsored by student or- ganizations and the academic de- partments, especially when related to the two topics it wishes to em- phasize for the year. MARVIN L. NIEHUSS JUDIC: Fine'M' Vandalis The two Diag vandals will be required to pay the University for the cost of repair and replace- ment of the 'M," Jack Kauffman, '64. Joint Judiciary chairman, an- nounced yesterday. In addition. the two-John Var- r ano, '65 and Joseph Toussaint, '66A&D-have bern fined a total of $50 in normal judiciary mis- conduct fines. The $50 comprises $10 for being intoxicated, $15 for i'Jegai appropiation and $25 for destruction of private property. Kauffman said that Joint Judic, in its decision, was attempting to make the process of judgment by one's peers a successful one. "We tried to point out that being a member of the Univerihy body is a privilege and to instill in them a sense of responsibility for their conduct as citizens," he said. Stating that he felt the purpose of Joint Judic was to rehabilitate .as +rell as to penalize, Kauffman said that Judie's decision reflect- ed its desire to "ride the fence between a council and a court." A deadline for payment of re- pair and replacement costs for the "M" has not been set. The miscellaneous $50 will be paid within the semester, according to Joint Judic policy. Dirksen ITo iHit 'Employment' In Rights .ii WASHINGTON (AR) - Senate Republican Leader Everett M. Dirksen (R-Ill) indicated yester- day he will aim his first efforts to revise the civil rights bill at the fair employment practices section. The senators told reporters he has found more Republican and Dem9cratic support for amending this section than for changing any other part. Dirksen said last .Tuesday he will' offer about a dozen amend- ments to improve, not "emascu- late or water down," the section aimed at discouraging racial dis- crimination in employment. Proponents of the bill continued their point-by-point argument in the Senate as leaders sought to cope with absenteeism. An unofficial tally showed 37 of the 100 senators out of town, with a consequent slowdown in efforts to round up a quorum of 51. Quorum calls averaged two a day last week. The longest delay was Wednesday evening, when it took an hour to assemble enough members to continue the session. Party Ousts Three Old-Line Stalinists MOSCOW () -I- The Soviet Communist Party, has expelled three old hard-line Stalinists - Georgi Malenkov, V. M. Molotov and Lazar Kaganovich. Says Board Of Educatioi 'UnanimouS But Labels Daily's Release of Prediction 'Most Unfortunate' By ROBERT HIPPLER The Flint Higher Educatik Committee yesterday asserted th there is a "unanimous "feelini among Flint Board of Educa t members that the Universit3 Flint branch should become four-year campus. In doing so, the influenti Flint citizens' group supported ti substance of a prediction ma Thursday by Claude Stout, pre dent of the Flint Board of Ed cation. These comments came in a re olution 'responding to and cri1 cizing The Daily's publicati Thursday of Stout's prediction. is most unfortunate that a Ur versity publication anticipated t) action of the.Board of Educatior the committee's resolution st" 'Very Interested' The committee went on to S that "while the Flint Board of E ucation has not taken formal a tion, it is true that indivi board members are very interest in the possibility of having a Ur versity Center established here Flint. " Guy G. Bates, chairman of t committee, said that "I am s a checA with the board memb would show that there is a una imous feeling that local cooper tion with the University won give the citizens of Flint great enlarged educational opportur ties for themselves and their ch dren in the future, providing th a workable plan of operation e be evolved and approved by parties concerned."' Bates said that' although t Flint Committee resolution ca ing for joint approval would submitted to the University Boa of Regents at the earliest possl: date after the Flint Board actic he has no idea as to the date th the request for expansion of ) University College will be acV upon by the Regents. "Inherent in the recommend tions of the Higher Eduat Comrittee is a proposal that ti joint use of the present faciliti of Flint Community Junior C Igee and the University brant would be used to utilize to deve op a three-year 1000-student pr gram without the inestment funds in additional buildings a equipment," Bates said. Say Expansioi Won't Hurt 't In Leislature By BRIAN BEACH Appropriations to the tniva sity are not expected to be se iously affected by the board's a ticipated invitation of Universi expansion in Flint. Sen. Emil Lockwood {R- Louis) of the Senate Apropri tions Committee, said last nigl "I don't think the actions of t Flint Board of Education will ha any effect on our thinking Mo day." The higher education appro riations bill must be introuced the Senate by Tuesday night. T Senate then has one week to co sider it before sending it to t House Ways and Means Comm tee. Discouraged Last year a similar request the University by officials Delta College area was discou aged by Gov. George Romney a3 members ofIthe Legislature. Th did not favor expansion un Romney's "blue ribbon" Citizer Committee on Higher Educati makes 'its report. 'Already In' University Executive Vice-Pre ident Marvin L. Niehuss commer Anthropologist Discovers Man's Oldest Fossil Form WASHINGTON (JP)-A British anthropologist announced yester- day discovery of a new primitive species of human nearly two million years old that may be man's oldest known direct ancestor. Dr. Louis S. B. Leakey and two other scientists who have studied fossil remains of the species in East Africa have named it "homo habilis" from the Latin meaning roughly "man having ability." Leakey said the species was from three ."r. '%..rv. j4nr r .":s . ,.°r','; r' 4. . :;r '::""rYn:TiY q ~r:idYr'C?:: h' .r .r ^«.c7: .svrr 4 n ''MiF~ru ."" r? a.s4r; ;+7r . 7."RY'}i''rf.:" .r ':n"7;:;{