Libraries: Expansion Needed To Meet 'U'GH

rowth

By JEFFREY GOODMAN
Even with the proposed $3.5 million building addition to the
General Library, the University Library system faces significant
space, staff and book needs for the future.
The needs vary from more square footage for additional read-
er seating, book storage and work space to funds for book acquisi-
tions, "housekeeping" expenses and additions to Library staff; they
are accentuated by the steady increase in University enrollment and
by indirect factors such as the decline of use of textbooks and
heavier emphasis on outside reading.
University Library Director Frederick H. Wagman reports that
the University has given top priority to library needs in its budget
projections.
Library Needs
The budget request for the Library for 1964-65 is $2,937,500,
which is $585,000 above this year's allotment of $2,352,200. Even
though the University almost certainly will not get its total budget
request of $47.6 million, the Library will get most of its recom-
mended increase.
The "University Library' system includes all the libraries on
campus, except for the law, business administration, Flint and Cle-
ments libraries and the Michigan Historical Collections.
The University's executive vice-president, Marvin L. Niehuss,
recommended that the library system is "growing all the time.

When you get a system as big as ours is, just to maintain it means
almost constant budgetary increases.
Must Keep Quality
"Acquisitions have improved in the last year, but they're still
not where they ought to be," he said.
"You can't let your library run down at an institution like
this."
Wagman added that "There is no question that the Library
will have to have continuously expanding facilities to meet enroll-
ment increases and other trends in library usage."
New Facilities
He emphasized that the main expansion to the system will
come from the General Library addition, the new library in the
Physics and Astronomy Bldg., and the library being completed in
the Music School Bldg.
Also, libraries in the architecture, education, engineering and
dentistry buildings are now being planned.
Construction of new facilities would free space in old ones: the
UGLI, for example, will eventually be. able to expand its stack
space into the area now used by the engineering, education and
transportation libraries on the second and third floors. A report
compiled by Wagman's office in September gives tentative
See 'U' LIBRARY, Page 8

GENERAL LIBRARY STACKS-Enrollment projections for
expansions in book storage space in the General Library and
system. Even the planned addition to the General Library

-Daily-Richard cooper
1968 and 1975 demand significant
all others in the University Library
will not fill these needs completely.

FREDERICK H. WAGMAN



DEFICIT SPENDING
& PUBLIC OPINION
See Editorial Page

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InkA6

~~IAit

SNOW
High-35
Low-20
Cloudy and
cold tomorrow

Seventy-Three Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXIV, No. 109 SEVEN CENTS ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1964 TWO SECTIONS

TWENTY PAGES

'SMALL NUMBER':

Surveys Negroes at 'U'

Cyprus Fears
Fails iTry T

urks Invasion,
o0 Convene Council

By H. NEIL BERKSON
Preliminary surveys-the first
of their kind here-indicate that
j the University has approximately
200 full time Negro students.
"That's a pathetically small
number," the man responsible for
this unique study said yesterday.
Leonard F. Sain, a special as-
sistant to the director of admis-
sions, hastened to add that the
University is not primarily to
blame for the situation. "The
problem goes very deep into the
environment of the Negro child,"
he said.
Higher Education Problem
Sain came here last fall on a
special assignment: to pinpoint
Negro problems in attaining high-
er education. He is currently on
leave from his job as an assistant
principal in the Detroit public
school system.
Working with an advisory com-
mittee chaired by N. Edd Miller
of the Office of Academic Affairs,
Sain decided that one of the
things he had to know was the
number of Negro students here.
"Data gathering is a first and
necessary step to planning pro-
grams," he said. "You have to
see the situation as it is; then you
can go somewhere."
No Statistics
The problem was complicated
by the fact that the University, as
a matter of policy, keeps no sta-
tistics on its students with respect
to race-or religion.
With the cooperation of the
deans of the 17 schools and col-
leges, Sain overcame this problem
by asking faculty to compile lists
of all their Negro students.
The process is not complete, but
enough figures are in to suggest
200 as an outer limit-chances
are the figure is less.
No Reinforcement
"A white, middle class child is
figuratively walking across the
college campus from the time he is
two. In the Negro family this re-
inforcement is non-existent," he
said.
"The Negro child, as a rule, has
no motivation for academic
achievement," Sain added. "He
exists in an atmosphere where the
feeling prevails that there is no
real reason to aspire or achieve.
Neither his family nor his peer
group exerts a positive influence
in the other direction."
Ghana To Drop
U.S. Volunteers
ACCRA, Ghana WP)-The pro-
government Ghanaian Times re-
ported yesterday the government
has decided to "discontinue the
services" of United States Peace
Corps volunteers at the end of the
present contract.
By July, 1965, 139 volunteers,
nceluding 118 secondary school-
teachers and 21 geologists, will
complete their tours.
The United States and its dip-
lomats haev recently come under
fire in Ghana on charges of
spreading anti-Communist rum-
ors.
Up until now, no nation has
asked that Peace Corps volunteers
leave during their term of serv-
ice. or failed to ask for more vol-

college admissions, is that of "test
sophistication." The Negro stu-
dent tends to do much worse than
his white counterpart on such ex-
aminations as the College Boards
because he has little experience
with them, Sain said.
Above and beyond these ob-
stacles, financing might deny the
Negro a college education. "It's a
great expense, and the average
Negro family doesn't have that
kind of money. Moreover, the Ne-
gro is less likely to get a scholar-
ship because even if he does get
in, his achievements are apt to be
below scholarship standards," he
explained.
Must Train People
"Now that opportunities are
opening up for Negroes, we have
to have trained people to fill them.
This isn't a question of basic abil-
ity. Our objective is to motivate
and direct Negro students so that
they can make use of the facilities
available to them."
Sain doesn't completely free the
University of blame. "The fact
that I'm here shows that the ad-
ministration feels a special re-
sponsibility in this area." While
the University cannot be accused
of discrimination, "there have
been 'sins of omission'."
One of his objectives is to
"sharpen sensitivities" so that
people at the University know that
"there is a problem and that we're
going to do something about it."
The University has a definite
role, he said, in changing the at-
mosphere of "hopelessness" in Ne-
gro communities. "The very fact
that we're involved is one new
measure of reinforcement."


__

LEONARD F. SAIN
Moving into the school system,
the Negro is stultified by this at-
mosphere, according to Sain. It
isn't that the teachers aren't ded-
icated or the facilities aren't avail-
able; they are. But this is not
enough to overcome environmen-
tal factors."
The lack of motivation has nu-
inerous side effects, he declared.
The emphasis on achievement in
a Negro grammar school or high
school is so slight, he explained,
that potentially first rate stu-
dents are "dragged down. Teach-
ing has to be aimed at the mean,
and the mean, in this case, is
Another problem, relating to

Acts Against
Wheat TradeI
With Russia
MIAMI BEACH (J)-The AFL-
CIO Maritime Trades Department
gave informal approval yesterday
to a resolution to halt loading ships
carrying wheat to Russia.
Thomas Gleason, president of
the International Longshoremen's
Association, told a news confer-
ence, "We will issue the orders
tomorrow not to load the ships."
A spokesman for the depart-'
ment said the resolution would be
formally adopted tomorrow by the
department before the AFL-CIO
executive board opens its meeting
here.
'Strengthens Economy'
The resolution said it was "su-
perficial and stupid for the Unit-
ed States to forbid commerce with
utterly dependent Russian satel-
lites, like Cuba, while at the same
time nourishing and strengthening
the economy of Russia itself."
The department covers 29 affil-
iated unions comprising 600,000
members.
Gleason said his union for years
opposed shipments to the Soviet
Union but went along with the late
President John F. Kennedy on the
grounds it would provide jobs in
the shipping industry and help the
government with its balance of
payments difficulties.
Pledged Use
The government pledged to ship
50 per cent of the wheat in Unit-
ed States vessels, Gleason said, and
"we took these pledger in good
faith.
"Now they are reneging on those
pledges because 50 per cent of
the wheat is not going on United
States ships."

By ROBERT HIPPLER
"The case against Lee H. Os-
wald for the assassination of Pres-
ident Kennedy is so shot full of
holes and- contradictions as to be
nonexistent," attorney Mark Lane
said yesterday.
Lane is the New York attorney
representing Oswald's interests at
the Warren Commission.
"But even though there was
and is no case against him," Lane
continued, "the population of Tex-
as was so prejudiced against Os-
wald that he could have never
gotten a fair trial had he lived."
Wade's ActionsI
Lane said the main causes of
this prejudice were the actions
of Dallas district attorney Henry
Wade. "The way Wade revealed
his entire case to the public short-
ly after the assassination was con-
MSU Action
Elicits Dismay
State legislators controlling
spending were dismayed to hear
that Michigan State University has
hired a doctor to head its medical
program at a salary of $35,000.
The dismay came as University
President Harlan H. Hatcher and
MSU President John A. Hannah
argued over State's alleged at-
tempts to build its own four-year
medical school.
But Hannah told a Lansing
audience Thursday that "we have
no plans for such a school." He
accused Hatcher of "a non-
scientific, purposeful misreading
of the facts" in the current de-
bate.

trary to all ethical and legal
standards."
Pointing out alleged contradic-
tions in the case against Oswald,
Lane said that "at first attorney
Wade said Oswald had ordered a
German Mauser rifle by mail in
April. When investigtaors found an
Italian rifle they believed to be
the murder weapon, Wade changed
his story and claimed that Oswald
had ordered a weapon of Italian
make.
"On the day of the murder,
three doctors were sure that the
wound in President Kennedy's
throat was an entrance wound,
and that it went downward into
the chest," Lane continued. "They
were positive because they follow-
ed the path of the bullet while
inserting a breathing tube into
Kennedy's throat."
Told Findings
"Later, an 'official autopsy' was
performed at Bethesda, Md.," Lane
noted. "Armed with a sheaf of
'findings' from the autopsy, agents
visited the three Dallas doctors and
told them what the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation determined
the wounds to be. The doctors
had no voice in the matter."
Lane added that the doctors lat-
er admitted that though they offi-
cially agreed with the FBI, they
still privately believed the wound
to be from an entering bullet.
"And if the bullet hit the Pres-
ident from in front, which it al-
most certainly did, Oswald could
never have fired it from where
he was," Lane said.
Kept in Isolation
Lane also objected to "the way
Marina Oswald was kept in isola-
tion for nine weeks after the crime.
It is significant to note that after

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.

DEFENDS OSWALD:
Lane Cites Loopholes in Case

l1ARK LANE

'U'Hopes for Reinstatement
Of Funds for Pollution Lab,
By ROBERT JOHNSTON
Robert E. Burroughs, research administration director, announced
last night that University officials are hopeful of early Congressional
action to include in the 1964-65 budget an appropriation for the $2-2.5
million water polution laboratory planned for the North Campus area.
Burroughs pointed out that the laboratory, one of several to be
located throughout the country, was awarded to the Ann Arbor area

by the health, education and wel-
fare department about a year ago.
Since then, funds have been al-
located for the design and plan-
ning of the facility and the Re-
gents have given the land on the
North Campus site to the govern-
ment.
"We expected that funds for
construction of the lab would be
included in President Lyndon B.
Johnson's budget recently sent to
Congress," he said. Since they
were not, Vice-President for Re-
search Ralph A. Sawyer, when he
was in Washington recently asked
Congress to include the appropria-
tion in the 1964-65 budget.
Robert L. Williams, administra-
tive dean, has also asked Rep.
George Mead~r (R-Mich) of Ann
Arbor to heip get an appropriation
for the laboratory.
Burroughs explained that the
water pollution control laboratory
would be owned and operated by
the Public Health Service, but
"there will be close coordinatiom
with interested University faculty
and staff members.
IrThl.,.. r~narnm n ntli~li r ?1)n1.~c

4>

I

DOWN INDIANA HOOPSTERS:


'M'Stays on Top in Big Ten Race, -
By LLOYD GRAFF
"Oh, were they brutal off the boards, just brutal."
These were the words of venerable Branch McCracken, Indiana
basketball coach, after he saw his team overpowered off the back-
boards yesterday in seamy Yost Field House as Michigan crushed the
Hoosiers 99-87. The victory lifted the Wolverines' record to 8-1 in
the Big Ten and 17-2 for the season.
Complete domination of the rebounding was the big story for
Coach Dave Strack's cagers as they snared 59 rebounds to 28 for In-
"? diana. Four men were in double figures in rebounds for the Maize and
Blue, with Bill Buntin garnering 15, Cazzie Russell 14, Oliver Darden
13, and Larry Tregoning 10.
Michigan set out to demolish the cellar-dwelling Hoosiers as
they scooted to a 7-0 lead and then stretched it to 13-2. Indiana
seemed almost stunned as the bullish front line of Michigan swept

her isolation, Mrs. Oswald had
changed her opinions on several
things.
"For example, when she was
shown the alleged murder weapon
soon after the crime, she said it
was not the one her husband had
ordered. Nine weeks later, she said
she was certain it was the gun."
Lane said that despite his re-
spect for Chief Justice Earl War-
ren, he has no faith in the ac-
tions or conclusions of the War-
ren commission.
No Cross-Examination
"For one thing, the information
the committee is getting is only
from the FBI and government in-
vestigators," Lane explained.
"This alone is enough to cast
serious doubt over it. But in addi-
tion, the committee is allowing no
ross-examination of witnesses and
seems from their agenda to be
presuming that Oswald, was the
assassin."
"Even at the Nuremberg war
trials, Nazi generals presumed dead
were allowed defense counsel and
cross - examination," Lane added.
"I believe this is good law. And
what was good enough for Nazi
generals is good enough for a
United States citizen."
Lane's talk, which was spon-
sored by the Voice Political Par-
ty, was one of a series he has been
giving around the country to in-
form the public of his position and
doubts concerning the handling
of the assassination and the fol-
lowing investigations.
Officers Resign
At Washington
The president-elect and three
other officers of a Chi Omega
sorority chapter at George Wash-

U.S., Britain
Seek Basis
For Accord
Thant Asks Leaders
Of Greece, Turkey
To Cease Hostilities
UNITED NATIONS (i)--Cyprus
tried and failed to get an emer-
gency meeting of the United Na-
tions Security Council last night
on grounds she faced an imminent
threat of Turkish invasion.
A UN spokesman said a council
meeting about Cyprus was "tenta-
tively set for tomorrow afternoon
but it can be convened earlier if
developments warrant."
The Cypriot bid for an "emer-
gency meeting" came after Britain
requested an "early meeting" of
the 11-nation council to resolve a
"dangerous situation" in Cyprus,
scene of fighting between Greek
and Turkish Cypriots. The United
States endorsed the British move.
The United States statement
made clear that the United States
and Britain were still trying to
get agreement on an expanded in-
ternational peacemaking force for
Cyprus from the Greek Cypriot
president of the country, Arcl-
bishop Makarios.
Later UN Secretary-General U
Thant appealed in cables to Presi-
dent Makarios and to foreign min-
isters Christos Xanthopoulos Pal-
amas of Greece and Feridun
Cemal Erkin of Turkey to refrain
from hostile actions.
Cypriot Foreign Minister Spyros
Kyprianou was enroute to New
York for the council meeting and
was expected to be here in a
special delegation before the coun-
cil convened.
Expects Nothing Rash
Greek Chief Delegate Dimitri S.
Bitios told a reported Greece
did not expect Turkey would do
anything rash because of a real-
ization of the implications it
would have. Both countries be-
long to the North Atlantic Trea-
ty Organization.
While United States and Brit-
ish diplomats sought agreement on
some last-minute solution, the re-
turn of Turkish warships to their
bases brought a slight easing of
tension in some quarters.
Earlier, United States Under-
secretary of State George Ball
flew to London from talks with
Cyprus President Makarios and
Greek and Turkish government
chiefs. He met with Foreign Sec-
retary Richard A. Butler, Com-
monwealth Secretary Duncan San-
dys and other British leaders.
" Reject Force
Ball's peace mission has tak-
en him to GreecesTurkey and
Cyprus itself, where President Ma-
karios rejected an international
force free of United Nations con-
trol to keep the warring factions


C

Yesterday along with the basketball victory, the Wolverines
notched victories in hockey, swimming, wrestling and gymnastics.
For details see pages six and seven.

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