TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 4, 1964 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAN T.sa ..cFM TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 4,1964 TUE MICHIGAN DAILY rnxivi inner. Senate Hits Reduction 11 Of Capital Gains Tax; MAJOR PROBLEMS: McQueen Notes Poverty, Delinquency in Kenya By JOCELYN DANIELS One of the major problems which newly independent Kenya faces is juvenile delinquency, Prof. Albert McQueen of the sociology depart- ment and the Research Center for Group Dynamics, said recently. He is working on a report for the Ford Foundation as well as a book on youth problems in Kenya and has spent several months in Kenya evaluating youth centers and the treatment of delinquent and vagrant f I f [ I K ' Debates Riicoff Move r Hk Gives TAX DEBATE-Sen. Abraham Ribicoff (right) presented his education. exemption amendment before the Senate yesterday. Senator Albert Gore proposed that tax exemptions for Ameri- cans living abroad be cut. Both actions took place in the Senate's first day of discussion of the administration's tax cut bill. 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AMERICA SIX UNIVERSITY CREDITS 46 DAYS ..s. . 11799 Travel *undtrlp by air from Miami to Panama - Colombia - Ecuador - Perut- Chile - Argentina - Uruguay - Brazil on this most diversified itinerary covering all of Latin America -- a full program of very best hotels, meals, sightseeing, evening activities, social functions, and special events - plus all essential tour services -- highlighted by excursions to the An- dean highlands the lost cities of the Incas,; guassu ailsand Brasilia, the city of the future - a Truly great educational and enjoyable summer vacation adventure. It is even more enriching for members who enroll in the optional San Francisco State College Summer Session courses. APPLY Mrs. Irene Potter 800 Oxford Rd. Tel. NO 3-0656 CYPRUS: Delivers Message WASHINGTON (P) - President Lyndon B. Johnson sent a person- al message yesterday to Archbish- op Makarios, leader of the Greek Cypriots on the strife-ridden is- land of Cyprus. State Department officials con- firmed that the message had been sent to the United States embassy in Cyprus for delivery, but no de- tails were given on its contents. Secretary of State Dean Rusk also turned his attention to; Cy- prus, meeting with Cypriot Ambas- sador Zenon Rossides. At the Capitol, the Democratic Leader of the Senate, Mike Mans- field of Montana, c a u t i o n e d against sending United States troops to help keep the peace on Cyprus unless it becomes absolute- ly necessary. British and American diplomats have proposed a NATO police force to keep the peace in Cyprus where Greek and Turkish Cypriots are at odds. The plan calls for a peacekeep- ing force to 10,000 men from At- lantic alliance countries, with about 1,000-2,000 from the United States. The 2,700-man British force now on the island would re- main as the largest unit in the combined forces which would be under British command. Mansfield said it may turn out that only United States participa- tion in military intervention will prevent the lid from coming off in Cyprus. "But," he said, "before we com- mit ourselves to such an undertak- ing, there ought to be no question that our intervention is essential to prevent the total collapse of the eastern wing of NATO in a Greek-Turkish conflict." Student Loan Alternatives Vote Cuts Exemption For Citizens Abroad By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - The Senate voted yesterday to wipe out a House cut in capital gains taxes and to slash personal income tax exemptions for 45,000 Americans living abroad. These money-gainers were the two big votes in the first day of the Senate's showdown on the $11.6-billion tax cut bill. Partly offsetting this was a decision to soften the tax bite voted by the House on big insurance policies which business firms buy for some executives. Then the Senate began debate on the controversial proposal by Sen. Abraham Ribicoff (R-Conn), to allow tax savings of up to $325 a year for each student a family has in college. The final vote on this is scheduled today. Alternate Proposal However, before Ribicoff began his speech, Sen. Vance Hartke (D-Ind) gained the floor and of- fered an alternative proposal w h i c h administration leaders planned to use in an attempt to draw votes away from the Connec- ticut senator's plan. Hartke's bill, which was sent to the education subcommittee for study, calls for a program of un- term student loans, government insurance of commercial loans obtained by students and a fed- erally aided work-study program. The Indiana senator said his bill would cost $353 million the first year compared with $750 mil- lion which is the estimated rev- enue reduction under Ribicoff's proposal. Hartke said the maximum cost of his proposal would go to $650 million compared with $1.3 billion for Ribicoff's amendment. Administration Request The vote to eliminate the House capital gains provisions accepted an administration request which the Senate Finance Committee had endorsed. The 56-25 vote pro- vided a margin administration backers hope will be impressive when a conference committee seeks to reconcile Senate and House differences on the measure. The vote to slash exemptions for Americans living in foreign countries was a surprise, on a 47- 41 margin. It was offered by Sen. Albert Gore (D-Tenn), who said present personal exemptions are "a tax bonanza" that is unfair to Americans at home who have only a $600 exemption for themselves and for each dependent. Gore's amendment would reduce from $35,000-$6000 the exemption on income earned abroad for those who have resided abroad for more than three years. It would reduce from $20,000-$4000 the exemption of those who have resided abroad up to three years. It is estimated that Gore's amendment would pick up an extra $10 million in revenue annually. children. Kenya became independ- ent in December, 1963. His main center of study is the Starahe Youth Center in Nairobi, which was started in 1959 by an Englishman, Geoffrey Griffin. The center educates 450 boys eight to 16 years old and boards half of them. It operates on the basis that delinquent boys must be helped to adjust to the community instead of being put behind reformatory walls. "My job is to see if thisp theory proves correct," Prof. Mc-4 Queen said.t Diverse Curricula The school teaches academics through the primary grades, fine arts and trades such as auto me- chanics and sign painting. By en- abling the boys to take pride inr their achievements, the centerE builds character, he explained. "AI drum and bugle corps, uniforms,, prizes for sculpture and paintingc and a certain amount of self-gov- ernment enable the boys to find a purpose in their community," he said. The center receives some aid from the Nairobi City Council butt is endowed mainly by private( sources, Prof. McQueen added. Whenever delinquent boys liveI with relatives, social workers in- vestigate the homes. Because of the high illegitimate birth rates and the widespread poverty inr Kenya, many homeless children" are left to wander the streets, he said. "Most of the crimes for3 which the boys are arrested stem from this poverty." Concentrates on Boys x Prof. McQueen explained that g his study concentrates on boys be- s cause only about .5 per cent of the juveniles arrested are girls. "Thet people of Kenya protect youngt girls more than boys, and fewert girls go to the cities. Furthermore,a there are no places to keep girlst once they are arrested," he added. Prof. McQueen will return to Kenya this summer to completeg his study. "As a result of my find-F ings, the Ford Foundation mayu want to establish more projectss like the Starahe Youth Center," he said. The basic causes of juvenile de- linquency differ among the Unit-c ed States, Kenya and Nigeria where he did a study two years ago. "In the United States delin- quency stems from a sense of de- feat in an affluent society. The lower socio-economic class feels it can't measure up culturally and educationally to the middle class society. Delinquency in the middle class is caused by aimlessness and a lack of goals," Prof. McQueen noted. Less Destruction Nigeria does not have the large amount of property destruction found in the United States, but is similar to us in its high unem- ployment rate, he said. "Lack of money forces many Ni- gerians to leave school at the end of the primary grades and seek work in the cities", Prof. McQueen commented. "When they can't find work they try to re-enter school, but the scarcity of secondary schools prevents 95 per cent of those who try from returning to school. They commit crimes be- cause of need. There are thousands of Nigerians trying to become part of the modern life and failing be- cause of lack of an education or a job," he said. World News Roundup By The Associated Press SAIGON-President Lyndon B. Johnson has assured South Viet Nam's new strongman, Maj. Gen. Nguyen Khanh, of continuing United States assistance in the war against the Communists. *~ $ * BEIRUT-Nervous over its feud with Israel and tension in nearby Cyprus, the Arab world has reached out a friendly hand to President Charles de Gaulle of France. Newspapers in various Arab countries are calling for closer relations with Paris, pictur- ing it as a potential rival to Wash- ington in the Middle East. * * * GENEVA - The East German Communist government proposed to the 17-nation disarmament conference yesterday that East and West Germany be declared a permanently denuclearized zone. LONDON-Leyland Motors, Inc., said yesterday the Cuban govern- ment has signed in Havana a, "declaration of intention" to buy 1000 buses during the next four years. * * * LONDON - The Soviet Union protested in a note to West Ger- many yesterday that the Bonn government is "intensifying ten- sion in Europe," the Tass News Agency said. It added that the Soviet government also had pro- tested to the Western allies that the Germans were taking "actions aimed at preparing for the rocket- nuclear armament" of their nation. ., * NEW YORK-The stock mar- ket yesterday began trading for February by displaying the same uncertainty and mixed trends it showed last week. Trading was moderate. Dow-Jonesr65 com- bined stocks were down .27, 30 in- dustrials down s.62, 20 railroads down .74 and 15 utilities up .34. for juniors...high, 3-way convertible zip-collared jacket and slim pant. Eac - t-r-a-t-c-h denim ...spring outdoor wear fly FUNNIEST 0 a ! 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