by lornia cherot fit 3idlian Bail Seventy-eight years of editorial freedom Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan That was the week that was no exception 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mich. News Phone: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4, 1969 NIGHT EDITOR: NADINE COHODAS Bombing North Hall: Not the answer THE ROTC bombing accomplished nothing. North Hall will be restored by fall - bigger and better than ever. The bombing will not persuade t h e Senate Assembly to act any sooner to suspend academic credit. for ROTC or force its removal 'from campus. The bombing could bring a backlash of ROTC support from faculty members who feel they must rebuff coercion wherever it appears. Even. students who favor removal of ROTC from campus regard the bombing as senseless. Many think the bombing placed the saboteurs on the same level as the military, whose violence they con- demn. If the bombing accomplishes a n y- thing, it will only heighten the atmos- phere of violence in the community and encourage other acts of sabotage a n d terrorism. Those who seek to polarize the Uni- versity community over the ROTC issue should keep in mind that violent means are not limited to the anti-ROTC forces. The bombing may inspire the militant zealots at the other end of the political spectrum to escalate the violence by a similar, though perhaps more grisly retal- iation. THOSE WHO REGARDED the bombing ,with cynical nonchalance, ignore the fact that it will swell the ranks of those advocating a crackdown on campus dis- sent by local, state, or federal authorities. The act will inevitably prejudice many people against all ROTC protesters. Far too many will not bother to distinguish between a senseless act of destruction and the' bulk of substantive reasoning why ROTC should go. The ROTC bombing can only hinder speedy action on ROTC. And similar bombings can only hasten the campus and nation into a quagmire of violence that lends no hope of solving our vital problems. -TOBE LEV WITH EACH passing week Detroit is becoming more combustible. Members of the law enforcement department, namely the police and DA William Cahalan, con- tinue to irritate an already over-aggra- vated issue - the Bethel Church incident. Cahalan was not satisfied with a tenure commission investigation of Judge George Crockett, who dismissed all but 12 people arrested by the police at the church on the basis of insufficient evidence and vio- lation of their constitutional right to a lawyer during questioning. Cahalan is moving to indict the Reverend C. L. Frank- lin, pastor of the Bethel Church, for pos- session of marijuana. Cahalan said that he was notified by an airline that one of the bags Franklin left on the plane contained marijuana. T h e airline said they searched the baggage in order to determine its ownership. But in- stead of notifying Franklin, the airline called Cahalan. Cahalan sent the police and they ran a check on the substance in the bag. Only then was Franklin notified - with a warrant for his arrest. The whole affair sounds too much like a set up, primarily because the search was conducted without Rev. Franklin's pres- ence. It simply is too easy for the police to have placed the marijuana in his c a s e themselves. THE ATTITUDE OF Cahalan and other city officials amounts to needless abuse of the black community. The incident began when police charged into the church and disrupted a meeting, claiming that some- one from the church complained to them about guns in the building. They went in shooting and took everyone inside to the police station, where Crockett held im- promptu hearings. The police didn't even notify Crockett, it was Detroit Representa- tive John Conyers who called Crockett and told him about police actions. That week and the next, local and na- tional periodicals published a series of damaging and distorted articles claiming Crockett released everyone, many without listening to testimony from the police. The following week, self-righteous city government officials set up a makeshift tenure commission to investigate Crock- ett's action. Now, unable to nail Crockett, Cahalan and the police are trying to pin Franklin on a dope charge. White officials in government have done everything possible to insult blacks and aggravate the issue. Cahalan tried to usurp Crockett's prerogative by ordering police- men to hold some of the people whom the judge ordered to be released from police custody. Crockett tried to quell the sen- sationalism around the issue that was ob- scuring the legal question by not holding Cahalan in contempt of court and by dis- missing the show cause hearing he had set up for the following day CROCKETT HAS HELD one news con- ference - at the end of the first week - in order to clear up the distorted stories being published by the press. Members of the New Republic of Africa, who were the. target of police action, have issued no statement concerning the incident, which was clearly a racist act. Rev. Franklin has also declined to make any statements to the press. This reticence is met by city officials who seem to be trying to force the black community into a showdown w i t h the white power structure. Mayor Jerome Cav- anagh says he wishes everyone would for- get about the Bethel Church incident but yet issues statements saying that although he is , not certain what happened that night, he thinks the police acted with pro- priety. Cavanagh also accused the Detroit Human Rights Commission of obstruction- ist tactics when they said they would con- duct their own investigation on what hap- pened at Bethel Church while the tenure commission was holding their investiga- tion of Crockett. The Bethel Church incident and police harrassment of the New Republic of Af- rica is much too serious an issue to be swept under the rug, as Cavanagh urges. But for those truly interested in keeping Detroit cool for the summer, it would be safe to ignore it. Unfortunately, Cahalan and the police are more interested in sat- isfying their personal egos instead of work- ing for the good of the Detroit community. ** * * THE THREE ASTRONAUTS of Apollo 10 are back with some more groovy color' pictures of the moon. As a matter of fact Congress is so psyched out that they now seem willing to consider NASA plans to spend from $40 billion to $100 billion on a flight to Mars. Needless to say the exploits /of our as- tronauts provoked favorable responses and helpful suggestions concerning future plans.-The more interesting letters came from that illustrious body of lawmakers- the Senate.' One senator suggested, that once we get to the moon we should divide it into 500 acre plots and sell them on the stock market. Another senator suggested that the United States make a large enough flag so that when you look through a tele- scope, you can see Old Glory flapping in the breeze. ' * * * * NEW YORK'S Governor Nelson A, Rockefeller, our unofficial ambassador to South America, has finally gotten the gist of the message "Yanqui ve casa." After being denied admission into Peru and Venezuela and precipitating student rioting in Bolivia, Columbia and Equador, the Rock is calling a temporary retreat and is resting up in Trinidad. Undoubtedly, Rocky's South American tour - reminiscent of Vice-President Nixon's fiasco in the 50's - has taken him down a few pegs in the national standings, I mean just because he o w n s Puerto Rico, that's no reason to . . But the Rock's trip did serve a pur- pose, it further entrenched Spanish re- sentment towards Yankee big brotherism, capitalism with a sugar coating, ,. * * * THE DUTCH made like the British on Anguilla, and sent the Royal D u t c h Army onto the island of Curacao. They were sent to quell rioting on the island. The factory workers were protesting for an increase in salaries. But the disturb- ances. can be viewed as something other than a venting of economic frustration. The islanders are black, and the busi- nessmen are white. * * * * Speaking of white and black, Sam Yorty, the White Knight, won his third term by defeating Tom Bradley, the Black Plague, who reportedly was receiving the backing of hate-mongering black militants, student anarchists and known communists. It appears Sam is trying to revive the McCarthy era in Los Angeles. 4 Keeping them out of CCNY CITY COLLEGE of New York has been consumed by the ogre of politics and has not been permitted to solve its edu- cation problems free from the grasping tentacles of. ambitious politicians who desire to be mayor of New York. CCNY, which-was recently rocked by demonstrations by disgruntled blacks and Puerto Ricans and by violent alter- cations between whites and the minority students, has been swept into a reaction- ary tidal wave. The ire of the white majority, who desire to maintain CCNY as a white en- clave and bastion of the white power structure, thundered on the dissident stu- dents when they proposed a dual ad- mission plan. Mayor John V. Lindsay called it a quota system and threatened to use his budgetary power by threatening to fur- ther pinch CCNY's meager funds if the faculty accepted the students' plan. Herman Badillo, the Puerto Rican mayoral hopeful, said the plan was un- acceptable and that blacks and Puerto Ricans will have to learn to compete in a world where only ability and com- petence count. OTHER CRITICS - members of the faculty, white students, and alumni - say they feel that CCNY's academic status will be low'ered and the value of a CCNY diploma will be seriously de- graded. CCNY is the poor man's Harvard. It is a free college and is supposed to serve the needs of the poor community by provid- Ing them with a good, free education. Therefore it is only reasonable that CCNY reflect the poor population who attend the public high schools of 1ew York City. Although the public high schools are 40 per cent black and Puerto Rican, CCNY is 85 per cent white. Burger CONSIDERING THE enthusiasm that the Senate whipped up over the Fortas case, it is surprising how routinely the Judiciary Committee confirmed the ap- pointment of new Chief Justice Warren Burger. The Senators might take notice of an article in this issue of L F. Stone's Week- ly. Mr. Stone reports that Burger upheld the conviction of a young black who was overheard making a remark about wanting to kill the President. The Supreme Court, fortunately, saw the foolishness inthe decision of Burger and the lower court and reversed it with- out hearing argument. The Court dis- missed it as nothing more than "political hyperbole." Nixon's appointment of Burger seems to be still another case of "political hy- perbole.' -S. A. Editorial Sta MARCIA ABRAMSON...................... Co-Editor STEVE ANZALCNE ....... ................ Co-Editor MARTIN HIRSCHMAN .. Summer Supplement Editor Traditionally, CCNY has always ad- mitted students regardless of their high school academic record - so long as the ability to do college work and the desire to advance himself was present in the student. It is only because the state and the city have been negligent in meeting the financial needs of CONY that the school has been forced to institute ad- mission regulations, designed to reduce the overflow of applications to CCNY. It does not mean that those students turned away lack the ability to do college work. Therefore Lindsay's threat to take budgetary action against CCNY can be viewed only as a tyrannical approach using the cudgel of "power of the purse." Badillo's attack, too, is senseless and notoriously short-sighted. The only way blacks and Puerto Ricans can compete in our society today is if they do have a college degree. Badillo himself should be well aware of the fact that New York City's public schools have been on the decline ever since the migration of whites to the suburbs and the influx of blacks and Puerto Rican's. CNY's program would not simply pass the student through his courses, as is done in the public schools in a simple effort to get rid of the student. But rather CCNY will provide special tutoring to capable students while they are in high school, and will maintain their tu- toring program while the student is in college. Also, Badillo is either extremely naive if he thinks this Society is only concern- ed with a person's ability and compe- tence. He is taking a middle of the road approach in his attempt to woo white voters in his campaign for mayor. The arguments of faculty, alumni, and white students - who fear CCNY will lose its status or their diplomas degraded as the result of an influx of blacks and Puerto Ricans - have extreme racist overtones as it resembles the same argu- ment of property owners who feared the value of their land would decline when blacks moved into their neighborhood. It is very important to note that CCNY gained its reputation in spite of its no admission policy, not because it erected admission barriers. THE PLAN offered by the faculty, which will probably be backed by the mayor and the Board of Education, is not dif- ferent in quality, but rather it differs in quantity. The faculty's-plan calls for the admission of 300 students from New York City's, ghetto areas next year and an additional 300 the following year. At this rate it is estimated that by 1975, CCNY will have a 30 per cent non-white repre- sentation. Actually the faculty's plan assumes a go slow attitude. They will admit minor- ity students more or less on a no admis- sion policy basis, but at the white estab- lishment's leisure. The faculty's plan is a direct flaunting of the students' will, a direct insult to the poor of New York City and a drastic delay in imnrnvino' ,Pdnation standard in Nw The (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following article appeared in the May 20 edi- tion of the Washington Post and s reprinted with permission. Sey- mour Hersh is author of the book, "Chemical and Biological Warfare: America's Hidden Arsenal." By SEYMOUR M. HERSH A HOUSE Conservation and Natural Resources Subcommittee of the Government Operations Committee recently took up a question that has gone begging since the end of World War II: What are the dangers, if any, of open-air testing with lethal chem- ical and biological warfare (CBW) agents? Few Americans are aware that the Army has been routinely test- ing lethal nerve agents-incredibly toxic substances capable of killing in milligram doses-since the late 1940s. Much of the testing has been conducted at the Dugway Proving Grounds, an obscure base 80 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, on the eastern edge of the Great Salt Desert. It was there in March, 1968, that something went wrong and a cloud of nerve gas killed 6400 sheep. The Army chose Dugway for CBW tests largely because of its isolation; the nearby valleys in which the sheep were killed had less than 60 residents. Yet withinr100 miles to the north and east lie the State's prin- cipal cities, forests, vacation sites, and 95 per cent of its residents; U. S. A and U.S. 40, a main highway be- tween the Midwest and northern California, is less than 40 miles to the north. THERE HAS never been a non- government review of the testing procedures at Dugway, a situation undoubtedly due in part to the heavy secrecy connected with CBW research. (Many CBW critics be- lieve the security is designed to keep information away from the American public, and not an enemy.) Typical of the safety reviews was a check made in 1959 by an ad hoc Pentagon panel headed by Dr. A. H. Wilcox, deputy director of the Pentagon's research pro- gram. Panel members included representatives from the White House, the IDefense Science Board, all three services, and the Penta- gon's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). After the sheep kill last year, another ad hoc advisory panel was assembled, this one less military but still dominated by the Gov- ernment. This panel recommended, among other things, that nerve gas should not be released for tests at heights greater than 300 feet when, in fact, most tests are conducted at half that height. The report, issued last Novem- ber, also included such curious language as this: "The (gas) cloud my turns on the gas 4 shall remain in a sector between north and northwest of the test area and ,not cross U.S. Highway' 40 for at last three hours." Staff members of the Conservation Sub- committee, headed by Rep. Henry Reuss (D-Wis), hope to find out just what that sentence means.. THE ARMY is known to have produced and stored thousands of ton's of nerve gases in a variety of munitions, but little is ever said ---or known--about open-air test- ing and stockpiling of biological warfare agents. Less is heard of the potential environmental dangers of such work. Many nongovernment biolo- gists believe the dissemination of a lethal biological agent, often pre- cisely bred to resist antibiotics, could trigger a worldwide epi- demic. IN EARLY March the Army conducted a classified-in part- briefing for some curious members of Congress on "CBW; at least three biological agents were re- vealed then to be in the Army's arsenal-anthrax, tularemia and Q fever; all highly infectious dis- eases. (Anthrax is one of the di'ead scourges of the Middle Ages; it can kill up to 100 per cent of its vic- tims. Tularemia, widely know as rabbit fever, can kill up to 8 per cent of those infected, with many cases later developing chronic after effects. Q fever is an acute and sturdy infectious disease that can linger for up to three months in victims, although it is rarely fatal.) Other sources have revealed that a fourth agent, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE), is in the final stages of testing. When it was re- cently reported that signs of VEE were found in the Utah desert near Dugway, the Army quickly denied it had ever field-tested the virus there. The possibility that it has been tested inside laboratories at the base was not mentioned in the denial. AMERICA'S biological warfare agents are stored at the Army's main biological processing labor- atories at Pine Bluff, Ark., capable of turning out thousands of gal- lons of deadly germs overnight. Safety conditions at Pine Bluff have never come under public scrutiny, although private Army studies show that between 1955 and 1962 there were 719 reported accidents there, roughly half of them involving infections. The Army has never been called upon to defend the safety record at Pine Bluff or at any other bi- ological facility. When queried about Dugway it has consistently said tha the area has been care- fully monitored since 1952 with no evidence of any permanent con- tamination or ecological danger. A similar statement will doubtless be presented today to the Conserva- tion Subcommittee. There is considerable evidence to the contrary. A group of vet- erinarians who were involved in the aftermath of the sheep kill last year published a study in the March 15, 1969, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical As- sociation in which they reported that sheep introduced into the area three weeks after the acci- dent were affected by nerve gas poisoning. "The onset of clinical signs .,.. indicated that the forage was still contaminated," the au- thors concluded. THIE/ARMY may not be con- ducting open air testing with lethal or virulent biological warfare agents in Utah, bit, if not, the testing is being conducted else- where. Fieldtesting is a necessary prerequisite to standardization of the agents. Just what kind of biological warfare research the military is doing, and where, are legitimate points of discussion for Capitol Hill; the possibility exists that there may not be enough earth for germs, gases and people. 4 40,7, r -d A ca -t g9 " I's sort of traditional here to use a gavel . . . ! Stdeve auizalone Bombs away - in quiet desperatio .. MUST CONFESS that I was not particularly upset over the bombing of North Hall. Certainly, I am not alone, It is incredible just how cavalier many of us have become over destructive incidents like .Sunday night's search and destroy mission waged by unknown guerrillas against local installations of the para- military (CIA, IST, ROTC) establishment. There is a tendency to look at the three explosions as a prankish extension of school day episodes when anonymous tips about hidden bombs resulted in dismissal of classes. Everyone knew it was just a trick by someone not wanting to go to school that day, but it was necessary to dismiss class any way. I f,ind myself with the same mixture of disbelief and unconcern now that the bombs are actually detonating. Most of use are unaffected by a shattering of a laboratory wall. I, for one, think it might be just as well if the ROTC building were leveled. And, I believe thebCIA deserves any amount of sabotage that it is not above commiting itself. It is difficult to worry over minor damage to things for which I hold such obvious distaste. I am like the school- boy that is disappointed that a fire drill was not the real thing. WHEN AN Army car is exploded, it can hardly be termed an outrageous act. With a military budget that allows for a $200 million consolation prize to General Dynamics for cancellation of an order of F-111's, I am sure that the colonel will get a new car. If not, perhaps it can be arranged for him to get shuttle service to and from his home in the new C5A transport plane. As long as it is only destruction of military property covered by an $80 billion Defense budget and no one is injured, Sunday night's bombing raid is little more than an act of vandalism. It can hardly be seen as a heinous crime - nor, for that matter, as meaningful protest against the presence of ROTC on campus. The trouble with such petty destruction is not that it destroys pro- perty like ROTC cars. While the concern over the safety of property seems to be this society's first concern, the real danger of such indig- nities against the military is the risk of injuring innocent human life. Any possible gain by minor disruption of ROTC certainly is not worth the chance that an innocent janitor in the building could have been injured in the explosion. Even though the military has little re- gard for innocent human life, any attempt to check its power must. I also find the argument unconvincing that the real tragedy of such incidents is how it offends the moral sensibilities of the Legis- lature. Certainly, the explosion will not make it any easier for Vice Presidents Ross, Smith, and Pierpont to muster more funds in Lansing But it is foolish to intimidate anyone into docility by not want- ing to give the legislators excuses. The Legislature has shown itself to be continually stingy toward the University. The money is not going to be there no matter what excuse tight-fisted legislators use to spend money on other things. I CANNOT say that I condone meaningless acts of destruction. And I deplore the unnecessary risk of human injury. However, I cannot condemn those people dri- ven to "terrorist" raids on ROTC and the CIA. The military and the CIA have fostered too much vio- 11 W7* *7