Seventy-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Where Opinions Are Free, 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. Truth Will Prevail NEws PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. FRIDAY, MAY 3, 1968 NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP BLOCK The AAUP Warning: When the Salaries Go Down, down T'E UNIVERS TY is slowly slipping into an abyss/of mediocrity in a coun- try characterized by an ever-increasing demand for quality in higher education. An indirect measure of this trend was recently provided by the American As- sociation of University Professors in a report on the level of faculty salaries. While the average compensation for full-time professors for the entire na- tion rose 8.4 per cent, the University, registered an increase of only 3.4 per cent. Thus, in this category, the Univer- sity dropped from 17th place to 23rd in the country. Clearly, this is no immediate reason for students to consider transferring to one of the 22 schools which ranked above us. But, should the trend continue for several years, the University will exper- ience a decrease in quality condurrent with increasing difficulty in recruiting new faculty and even deterring profes- sors already here from seeking greener pastures. Should the trend continue the Uni- versity would drop to about 30th in fac- ulty salaries by next year. In five years the University could well fall to 200th place. THE BLAME for the level of faculty salaries falls heavily on the state leg- islature. Appropriation cuts last year forced the University to modify proposed salary increases as well as raise tuition.' This year the University's appropria- tions request will again be slashed by the state legislature. The amount of the cut, however, bears even greater relevance to faculty salaries than it did last year. For. this year the administration may be more reluctant to temper the effect on faculty salaries with another tuition hike. Vice President for Academic Affairs Allan F. Smith notes that Governor Rom- ney's budget request - cut considerably, from the University's request - still con- tains a six per cent increase in operating funds, most of which would go to faculty salaries. But the Senate has already passed an appropriations bill $3 million lower than the Governor's request. If the Senate fig- ure should become the final appropria- tion, the present trend in faculty' sal- aries would probably continue. ' The growing history of low state ap- propriations has its roots in the Univer- sity's notable ineffectiveness in dealing with Lansing officials, and in certain misconceptions the legislature has about state funds. When President Robben Fleming came to the University this year, it had been hoped he would have the ability to ob- tain more money from the state. This summer provides the first major test of his strength in this area. Blocking his path is a widespread feel- ing in the capital that the University, well endowed with private contributions, needs correspondingly less money from the legislature. While it is true that contributions to the University are notably high for a state school, this does not mean the Uni- versity can stay in competition for quality faculty with' these fuids alone. And by cutting funds in proportion to private contributions, the legislature would only discourage these donors. Furthermore, a significant portion of alumni contributions come from out-of- state graduates. Yet, some legislators propose cuts in University appropriations because of these gifts, and then expect the cost to be passed on to out-of-state students in the form of higher tuition. Instead, the legislators should realize the legitimate needs of the University and provide more funds. The out-of-state students and alumni (if they must be thought of as a block) are already pull- ing their weight financially. Perhaps, with the state's new non-regressive tax system, an increase in taxes should be considered. The legislature should realize that by continually cutting the University's ap- propriations it is effectively destroying one of the nation's best educational in- stitutions, a school it should be proud to support and a school dedicated primar- ily to educating Michigan residents. If the University is to maintain aca- demic excellence, the legislature must consider the Governor's recommendation an absolute minimum and appropriate funds accordingly. -MARTIN HIRSCHMAN ct J ,14 .'-. 1 r ',+R, S, S ws. t4f 's_..r? t Deserters 'song: Larger echoes Columbia: The Gem of What? CRITICS who have excoriated demon- strators at Columbia University for their tactics leave some urgent questions unanswered.' The criticism seems to fall into two Categories. There are those who find the protesters demands - a halt to con- struction of a university gymnasium in Morningside Park and severance of ties with the Institute for Defense Analyses - unreasonable and frivolous and who deplore their tactics.2 William F. Buckley, Jr., for instance, concluded that the demonstrators were "looking for an op- portunity to rebel." And there are also those who look favorably on the demands but deplore the tactics. WINS, the all-news Westing- house station in New York City, last Fri- day editorialized that Columbia has been consistently "wrong" in its handling of relations with the Harlem community, especially in its planning of the gymna- slum. But the station took violent ex- ception to the disruptive sit-ins in five Columbia buildings. The Wall Street Journal put it succinctly: "The students' resort to physical intimidation makes ir- relevant their specific complaints, some of which we might support in a civilized forum. Those who see no substance to the de- mands are misinformed. Columbia's fac- ulty civil rights committee has produced a 25-page paper documenting the school's, sorry history of community relations. The issues at hand are both substantive and serious. Buckley contends that the uni- versity's agreement to build the gymna- sium "probably has the signature on it of every public official this side of U Thant." But the borough president and a state senator among other community leaders have consistently asked Colum- bia not to build the gym and Mayor Lind- say has publicly expressed his doubts. Those who dislike the tactics make a decisions are reached, on campus or off, in a viable democracy." Indeed, how are decisions made in a viable democracy? And does a viable democracy exist at Columbia? Students and faculty who have been warning the school for years that it is sitting on top of a powder keg which could be defused to the benefit of both the community and the school have consitently received the cold. shoulder. Further, it is no secret that Columbia has almost no formalized channels for communication between faculty members, students and adminis- trators. For several months students at Columbia sought meetings with the ad- ministration to negotiate over the gym- nasium. When after the sit-in began Vice President Truman agreed to meet with them, and students rejected the obvious- ly crisis-inspired ad hoc offer, they were criticized by among others the New York Times for rejecting normal democratic processes! It is this total lack of perspective which is most galling about the criticism. The protesters have not proven that ends can be achieved through non-rational means when rational ones don't. They have shown that where democratic processes don't exist there isn't much else left but non-democratic processes. For Columbia alumni who deplore both Columbia's relationship with its com- munity neighbors and its lack of insti- tutionalized channels for communication between students, faculty and adminis- trators, and who are especially incensed with President Kirk's decision to call in the police Tuesday morning, however, there is a fine and traditionally demo- cratic means of protest available. John Erlich, an assistant professor in Michigan's school of social work and a past president of his Columbia class, has written William Petersen, the chairman of Columbia's board of trustees, to in- 3The By MARK SCHREIBER, Daily Guest Writer EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the last of a series of articles on the Ann Arbor housing market by Mark Schreiber, a senior in the literary college who has been an at-large member of Student Government Council. The research paper from which the series is taken was ori- ginally prepared for SGC's Student Housing Association. THE ANN ARBOR housing market in the last year has turned from a tight seller's market to a moderate buyers market. Given the history of the Student Housing Association, several short run and long run plans may be undertaken. These strategies will aim at better upkeep, wide adop- tion of the 8 month lease, and eventually lowering the average monthly rental. SUMMER, 1968 * The Complaint Service of the Student Rental Union will be functioning and available to stu- dents. Call 764-3174 Mon.-Fri. 2-5 p.m. * The boycott of Apartments Ltd. will be continued and picket- ing will resume. " Ownership lists, revenue as- sessments, and profit analysis will be compiled on a larger scale on several apartment agencies. * Plans for a free summer sub- let service will be arranged. NEXT YEAR, 1968-69 * The boycott of Apartments Ltd. for the 8 month lease will be organized on a mass.base and be- gin early in the year. Their owners will be frequently contacted, and pickets, hopefully, will be main- tained throughout the terms. " A legal pamphlet of tenant rights will be printed by SHA and distributed. Students will be made aware of code violations, leasing procedures, and legal alternatives. O A housing conference spon- sored by SGC and the Office of Student Community Relations will be planned. Representatives of the student body, University admin- istration, local landlords, city councilmen and city building in- spectors should be present to speak on a number of housing issues of mutual interest. Information could be interchanged, and such confer- ences might serve as a base for future bargaining efforts. A strong stand by the Univer- sity supporting student housing efforts must be forthcoming. The University has too long ignored its responsibility in the private mar- ket, and must acknowledge efforts to secure their lease. O A thorough investigation of University professors or personnel who have investments in the pri- vate housing market is necessary. The extent and nature of these holdings, and possible conflicts of interest must be determined. The University community cannot tole- rate "slumlord' professors. " Pressure on the City Building Inspector must be enacted. A mandamus suit against this office should be undertaken. Students should be made knowledgable of code violations and frequently call the Building Inspector when there are serious problems. City Coun- cilmen will be contacted to fulfill their promises on code enforce- ment. THE NEXT THREE YEARS, s strategy ahead per cent revenue costs that the agencies charge for management. Thus, rents could be lowered and buildings rented on a school term basis. -The Student Housing Associa- tion and the University Housing Offices could coordinate this ef- fort. Students could be employed as resident managers, and other administrative tasks would provide jobs for working students. There would be difficulties, of course, as to what "University standards apply to these apartments. The University's increasing liberation of housing rules reduces these ar- guments. The administration, however, will probably come up with other convenient reasons for not disturbing the status quo. University's laissez faire attitude toward housing responsibility. ANY SOLUTIONS to the miser- able cpndition of the Ann Arbor housing market must be based on a supply and demand analysis, and what parties will capitalize on the ldisequilibrium. Student in- terests have beep partially mobil- ized due to the short run surplus. Further pressures should be ef- fective in the next few yeqrs. As well, negligent upkeep and fre- quent code violations of apart- ment agencies have only begun to show. The city investigation may clamp down on the worst offend- ers and enforce some standards. The growing city and Univer- sity population, and rising land Last of Two-Part "I never want to go back to the United States," he said. "Even if the Vietnamese war ended, it would make no differ- ence. The United States would have to change its entire society. I don't believe it can or will. "I didn't want to stay in Russia and, since I've been here, they've tried to get me interested in an activist organization," he said. "I abhor what the United States is doing, but I don't want to go to the other side. "I want to stay here and make a life for myself. When I see news- reels of how the police treat the sit ins and protesters back home, I get sick in my stomach. I want to throw up. Bailey, a Tangy six footer who wears a lincolnesque beard, is one of the most outspoken and artic- ulate of the lot. "WE CHOSE Sweden basically because it is neutral and the neu- tral line conforms with our views," he said. "We think the war is wrong. We want to get away from extreme nationalism and ideolo- gies, both East and West." This is difficult. One of the prime movers in the recent heavy list of defections. has been the FNL. "The FNL pretends to be for peace but its trademark is chaos," a spokesman for the Swedish gov- ernment said. "It is not simply against the United States and the Vietnam war. It is against the Sweish government asgwell. Its purpose seems to be to keep every- thing in disorder." The current emphasis of Swe- den's FNL is "Operation Defector." The FNL talks openly of its opera- tions. Agents are planted in bars, cafes and entertainment spots near U.S. Army camps in Germany. These agents engage soldiers in conver-' sation> They talk about the "im- morality" and futility of the war in Vietnam. They discuss the ra- cial problems in the United States. They drop the seed and wait for it. to catch hold. If it does, the next step is to diagram the escape. There are no border guards blocking the way. Once in Sweden, the defector is faced with a friend- ly government, sympathizers and at least two organizations dedi- cated to making the defection stick. One of these organizations is the FNL, whose attorney, Hans Goren Franck, helps American de-' serters obtain alien passports and work permits. The other is the more moderate Swedish Vietnam Committee, whose national chair- man is Gunnar Myrdal, prominent economist and author. BOTH GROUPS have been in- strunental in gaining food and lodging for the defectors until they are capable of setting out on their, own. '1 While most of the defectors here attribute their action to disagree- ment with the American role in Vietnam, there also are strong currents of the racial issue and protests against what the deserters call bullying tactics by Army superiors. "I'm against the Afro-American fighting in Vietnam," said Ennis James Dotson, 22, of Ballinger,' Tex. "In my opinion, we are only war puppets for white Americans. You'll be treated no better when you return than when you left." Dotson deserted from a missile support command in northern Italy. He had reenlisted last March. He married a Danish girl but the'interracial marriage didn't last. "My wife had to undergo all sorts of humiliations on the post" he said. "I had other problems, andI got fed up. I can't see why a Negro wants to fight for a country when he can't get served in a restaurant." Edward Johnson Jr., 21 a pri- vateh fom Cleveland, Ohio, who left hil post as medicals; clerk In Meunchweiler, West Germany, said, "They give you hell in the American army if you are black. They are after you all the time. You can't do anything without getting court martialed." Johnson took up residence An Malmee. in the southern part of Sweden, as have a half dozen others, including Jim Grant of Maridian, Miss.: Joe Norwood of Newport Beach, Calif., and Wil- liam Edward Percell of Miami, Fla. Grant, 29. was accompanied by his wife. IN FRANKFURT, Germany. the judge advocate of the U.S. Army in Europe, Col. Lewis F. Shull, said most of the deserters were in trouble with their units. "They are bums-they are not the high- er class of soldiers," Shull said. Johnson, an Army private, had a record of three court martials and disciplinary action on charges of disobeying orders. Grant, a jazz' musician, had similar problems. William Day, 22, of Itasca, Tex., once drew a four months' sentence after a court martial and spent 50 days in the stockade. Edward B. Murray, 18, of Wood- bury, N.J., youngest of the de- serters, said sergeants were al- ways on his back for putting up antiwar posters in the barracks. The cherub faced Murray ap- pears to be dazed by the adven- ture. "Everybody says I look 15," he says with a boyish grin. "No, I don't have a job yet because my papers haven't gone through. I like it here-I think it's groovy." The papers are documents granting the defectors asylum in Sweden on humanitarian grounds., Of the more than 30 listed deser- ters, less than half had been granted official asylum through the 'first week in March. Others were being investigated by the police, who turn over their findings to the Aliens Commission, which studies the reports, then hands down its decisions. Only in a rare case is an ,application re- jected. Once a defector is granted asylum, he may apply for welfare payment around $16 a week until he gets a job. Until these papers are received, he is dependent on the charity of friends, unless he has other sources of income. The Intrepid Four are, still get- ting by on the $1,000 given each of them by the Soviet Union. Some of the others come from well to do families, who probably will support them until they can find their place In Swedish society. The defections have placed a severe strain on U.S. Swedish re- lations, normally friendly. Sweden and France have become havens for American deserters- there are said to be more than 100 now in France without the same flare of publicity-because neither of these countries has a status of forces agreement with the United States which would require sur- render of defecting citizens. SO* FAR, the Pentagon has not expressed any public alarm over the number of desertions, contend- ing they still fall below the rate of the Korean war-one per 1,000- and World War I-four per 1,000. Pentagon officials discount the suggestion that the defections can be traced to the unpopularity of the conflict in Vietnam. "It appears that the offenders are largely socially and emotional- ly immature," a government, spokesman said. "A large majority of such offenders are young, being under 21. It can also be assumed that dissatisfaction with service life is the major cause of deser- tions." Under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the maximum penalty that can be meted out to them is five years at hard labor, forfeiture of all pay and allow- ances and 'a dishonorable dis- charge. There is no statue of lim- itations.; The death penalty can be im- posed only in case of desertion in the face of the enemy. There is talk that, ink case of a Vietnamese peace, Sweden might be able to swing a deal for com- plete amnesty, Most of the defectors, such as Lindner, can't be sure. "We figure they cansdo anything to us from turning t us Scot free or shooting us," he said. "It's not a comfort- ing thought." 1 4 'p 4 The 8 month lease boycott " Creation of a City Housing Planning Board would aid in plan- ning the distribution and rental policies of future housing in Ann Arbor. This board, composed of faculty, students, University and city officials, contractors and landlords could assess housing needs and the composition of de- mand; project estimates of Uni- versity and private supply; de- termine (dis)incentives for par- ticular types of building projects; and set minimum standards for rental policies and rent ceilings. * The University buil ding apartments is a dismal project, complicated by the Regents' by- law of non-competition, the dis- pute over the autonomy, and the subsqluent lack of state funds for housing construction. The Univer- sity must make clear, as Mr. Stueded, the head of the Office of Student Community Relations has and construction cost portend serious long run problems. New highways through Ann Arbor, such as the Packard-Beeks Penetrator Route, will raise land values and rents. Speculation in the north central area, even by University professors, has already begun. One' might thus expect a new wave of shoddy construction and lax maintenance within the next 5-10 years. Effective solutions to exhorbi- tant rents, poor construction and ineffectual upkeep must result from a combination of groups. The University, the city, and apartment agencies must some- how find their way clear to co- operating. The City Council, though still the bastian of Repub- lican, landlord interests, may be more responsive to public need next year. The management agen- cies may also find that they can //++...".:1..:":1 v::v:r:::: xv.^. r11.;.:;.,r.%{{4i'{;4tii"::v,.,r.;:.:.:"}:::r;q 1.}".;.;y:.;.;xn r{rs:i:" A.;?:r":{; rr":?:rs ',.p::$;:,'.''r.":;: ::":,v',rvr{" .:ti:$:%rF:r: :{ . +' y.":o:r rr: 1.':M1": t G: {lS.{1:: is i:"::{l ::^::":'.i:":"is111.":.Y:;'f:1J1r:"J lJ: .ti" :'.^1:"::":":i"::"S'f'T :":::::V :": '::';"X{1i}:I' "d.S{Y.^' F.::'114": .:":}:SS:'f.V."Y.Y.::"Y.Ji:.S IS:#{~ir:T}' :a.. '*