G4-eAir t gatt BaUg Seventy-First Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN hen Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Preval" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG.@" ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 ditorias printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. AY, JANUARY 6, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS Lit School Steering Committee Cheating Report Not Helpful "There's Some Dangerous Radical Talk About Democracy Going Around Again ,~ a 0ti - $ -112 i -ROW - ~kkA Members Diggin By PAT GOLDEN Daily Staff Writer STUDENTGOVERNMENT COUNCIL members began digging the trenches Wednesday night for an inevitable war over the House Un- American Activities Committee's movie "Operation Abolition." The movie, taken from newsreels of the May demonstrations against the House committee hearings in San Francisco, claims the demonstrations were Communist-tinged. "Operation Abolition" claims that if the immediate goals of a student demonstration coincide with the immediate goals of the Communist party that the demonstrations will be aiding the Commu- VIES SEDER, '61, chairman of the Literary "ollege Steering Committee, yesterday re- ed a report on the problem of cheating hie College. ie Steering Committee decided to study problem, the report says, "because if mass ,ting does, in fact, exist, it may be possible the College faculty to take steps to reduce incidence." heating, it is true, has always been a lem here and at other institutions, and University's rapid expansion and growing plexity have likely been accompanied by ncrease in the amount of cheating, and, irally, the difficulty of discovering and ing with it. For the Steering Committee ake the lead in concerted effort to study ting at the University and offer 4uggestions combating it is surely admirable. owever, it seems from the content of the rt that the Committee has been largely ing its time and has contributed little will aid the faculty and the Admiristrative rd in its attempts to eliminate cheating. he report breaks down the courses in which ting is most prevalent into three main s: distribution courses, laboratory courses, what the report calls "Popular Culturce' ses, "where there is considerable social sure to take the course-either to fill in one's knowledge of his culture (or ely for 'cocktail conversation'), or because, the outstanding reputation or lecturing ty of the professor." his division, while perhaps interesting, is y specious; the point is that there is a ter degree of cheating in the large, lecture aboratory-type classes, probably because easier to cheat in them. If the committee's ysis is helpful to the faculty and adminis- on-that is, if they did not already know t kinds of courses are liable to "mass ting," then it is certainly valuable. But it is hard to believe that the Administrative Board, for instance, which "apparently, has been handling these cases in a reasonable manner," cannot tell, by applying sixth-grade arithmetic, where the most cheating takes place. The report also notes that lack of interest, repeated use of the same test questions, crowd- ed testing procedure, and social acceptance of cheating are among the factors contributing to the problem. Anyone with either a normal amount of common sense or a basic psychology course, plus the usual number of friends and contacts on campus, ought to be able to come up with these conclusions. It needn't take a committee effort. In short, the report is either very nearly useless or a real cause for alarm-alarm that experienced administrators and teachers have not for years been perfectly familiar with almost all of the conclusions reached by the study of mass cheating. If such familiarity does not exist there is a startling lack of necessary communication between students and the faculty and administration, because such in- formation as is presented in the report could be had from any number of students almost for the asking. If the causes of cheating are so obvious. why isn't something done about it? This writer thinks that many teachers do not consider it their responsibility to "play nursemaid" to students. Former West Point football coach Red Blaik's analysis of the moral aspect of the problem; "something basic in the system is wrong," is probably correct, but can we ask our. college professors to destroy an attitude that is often "built into" the student and still pervades his social environment? More immediate causes of widespread cheat- ing, such as large and poorly taught courses, are not news to anyone, least of all University teachers and administrators. -ANDREW HAWLEY SENATE STRUGGLE: Will Filibuster Rule Persist? ABX LE RNER The Cabinet-Maker OW THAT the Kennedy Cabinet is complete I have a question for you. If you were asked basic rules of successful Cabinet-making, at would your list of first principles be? My ni judgment would be to. reduce them to ee, and if you would agree with me on my ee I would give you all the rest. The first I should call the rule of consolida- ;ion. After his campaign victory, which is md to have torn gaping holes both in the rty and the Nation, the President-elect has task of consolidating the victory. He is con- ned with rewards for duty and ardor, the artening of his warriors and the assuaging of ernal Party wounds and feuds, ['here are some who say that this task of isolidation rests heavily on Kennedy because the slim margin of his victory. Maybe so, but hould stress the fact that every President es it, as every conqueror faces it. Franklin osevelt, for example, won by a whopping mar- Lyet he chose an essentially conservative binet, including three former Republicans- es, Wallace, and Woodin. Kennedy's Cabinet by comparison, strikingly liberal, even taking ount of Hodges and Ribicoff as middle-of- roaders and even allowing for a Republican asury Secretary. n consolidating power you need to think of ions and religions, of factions within your n Party, and of winning over marginal vot- from the other. You must think of getting ir legislative program through Congress, of as- support, of attitudes throughout the :ld. If you are a dull President-elect, and a oden one, you will allow this sort of thing to you mired in a Cabinet of mediocrities. If 1 are a bright one, you will employ it to engthen your position, and still choose a up of men whom you don't dre to face ry week. Y SECOND is the rule of innovation. If a President-elect has some ideas of how he nts to change things, and bring the Ameri- condition closer to his heart's-desire, he sto use his Cabinet as one of his symbols instruments. say one of his "symbols" because while an erican President gets chosen by the Amer- electorate, willy-nilly he must perform for rorld constituency. Europe may be scrutiniz- his appointments for their attitude on gold i trade, Asia for their attitude on aid and onialism, Africa for their attitude on civil hts and color, Latin America for their atti- e on labor and on hemisphere problems. The time is past when an American Cabinet could be strictly America's affair, and John Kennedy has acted as if he knew it. But more than that: the President-elect can use his Cabinet choices as a way of showing how he feels about new blood in the power posts, and what some of his basic values are. If he distrusts intellectuals and trusts mostly "practical" business leaders, his Cabinet will show it. If he values intellectual vigor, wherever he might have to look for it, again the choices will show it, From where I sit the State Department choices (Rusk, Bowles, Stevenson), the choice of McNamara for Defense, Udall for Interior, Freeman for Agriculture, Goldberg for Labor, and Robert Kennedy for the Justice Depart- ment betoken on the whole a taste for brains, vigor and innovation. Long may it wave. Y THIRD rule Is internal consistency. The trouble with a lot of name-picking is that after you have juggled the names on a list for a few weeks they take on a mesmeric quality of their own, and you think about them as one, two, and three instead of asking what they stand for. Henry Wriston, formerly President of Brown, has noted that a Board of Trustees will ask a man to be a University President, and when he refuses they will ask their second choice al- though the educational theories of the two men are diametrically opposed. The same can, and does, happen in Cabinet choices. A Cabinet may not succeed in being a galaxy of all the talents, but it should avoid being like Leacock's knight who put on his armor and rode off In all direc- tions at once. Some Presidents have governed without their Cabinet, and some even despite their Cabinet, but the best President will choose a Cabinet which will genuinely help him shape his policies and will effectively carry them out because ba- sically it is in tune with them. Kennedy has picked neither a Cabinet of wheel-horses and yes-men nor a Cabinet of cronies. Mostly they are independent-minded men. Some members of his official family-like Rusk and McNamara -he had not even met before he called them in to look them over. Yet it must be a group with which he can be at ease and laugh and joke because they are at ease with his ideas. Otherwise it becomes a cave of conflicting winds. N PICKING his Cabinet every President- elect puts his first foot forward: he gives the nation a taste of the quality of his leadership-- or non-leadership. I like Kennedy's first foot. There is, of course, more to come: the sub- Cabinet and agency posts, and the diplomatic posts. Thus far he has managed to persuade (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the first in a two-part analysis of the current liberal efforts to weaken obstructionistrtactics in the Senate and House of Representatives.) By HARVEY MOLOTCH Daily Staff Writer SENATE LIBERALS and moder- " ates, united in bi-partisan ef- fort, are on the verge of limiting Rule XXII-the institution which has allowed Southern obstruction- ists to talk the life out of most civil rights bills. Under the existing rule, a two- thirds majority of Senators pres- ent must vote to close debate be- fore a filibuster can be ended. In practice, such a vote has become almost inconceivable, when the is- sue at hand is civil rights. A simple majority of Senators, voting at the opening of a session before rules have been adopted, can establish any rules for debate they desire. Thus the new battle to lower the number of votes need- ed to limit debate began on Tues- day-the first day of the conven- ing of the 87th Congress. * * * MAJORITY LEADER Mike Mansfield led the offensive with a proposal to require only a three- fifths majority to quiet a race- form reading senator. Assistant majority leader George Humphrey and assistant minority leader Thomas H. Kuchel promptly fol- lowed with an alternate plan which would require only a con- stitutional majority of 51 to cut off debates. The introduction of the two measures brought immediate out- cries from the leading obstruc- tionist himself, Sen. Richard B. Russell, who harrassed presiding Vice-president Nixon with a com- plicated mass of parliamentary objections. Finally, after several reversals, Nixon decided that the Senate had a right to change its own rules for debate at the beginning of a session by a simple majority vote, thus precluding the possibility of a filibuster on a measure dealing with a filibuster. * * * IN WEDNESDAY'S action, the Senate voted unanimously to pro- ceed with routine but pressing business while postponing decis- ion on a change in Rule XXII. Thus the Senate was saved from a parliamentary deadlock, but the Democracy One of the developments that has not been noticed among the high-level political events of the day has been the work of Robert Benton, who has been retained by the incoming administration for his special knowledge. Benton, a graduate of Waxa- hachie High School and the Uni- versity of Texas, is an expert on sports and has written a book called "Non-Contact Sports and How to Play and Score them." Of course, one of the most popular of these is touch football. Equipped with a scale map of the White House grounds, Benton is righ+ noU bsvr in atmnnnvr filibuster rule remains a hot con- troversy which must be settled in the nea'r future. The Humphrey-Kuchel measure may even be voted upon today, but' It has little hope of success. At best it will be tabled, but tabled rules changes have proven to sink into oblivion in the past. The milder Mansfield proposal will probably not be acted upon until early next week. The revi- sionistsrconsider their strength adequate to at least push this milder reform to victory. , * * MANSFIELD HAD earlier re- flected the opinion of some liberal Democrats that pressure to change the rules of debate would antagon- ize the Southern bloc to the point of endangering other important Kennedy measures. Mansfield and his allies were apparently won over by the view that playing safe for temporary credit or transient gains would not be as advantageous as solving a problem which would otherwise plague the Kennedy ad- ministration for the next four years. But despite the support of pow- erful men like Mansfield and Sen. Clinton F. Anderson, the liberals may be overestimating their strength. Political scientists have observed that there are many leg- islators who claim to be liberal, and frequently attack the filibus- ter, but who really favor the ob- struction which unlimited debate affords. They appreciate the fact that the filibuster prevents certaiin bills from coming to a vote which they would have to support to please the more liberal home con- stituency, but which they them- selves secretly oppose. THE FACT IS that when filibus- ters have dealt with less emotional problems than race issues, they have been broken. This was the case with the filibuster against the Taft-Hartley Act - a bill which happened to be popular with Sen- ate conservative interests. Filibusters could also be broken by the mere strict enforcement of Senate rules. According to rules which have existed in the past or could be enacted in the future by a simple majority, no senator is allowed to speak more than twice in any day, and through the meth- od of recesses, the legislative day could be' prolonged indefinitely. Other rules have required that senators must stand still, erect, and be clearly audible. The exer- cise of senatorial courtesy which permits a filibuster to break the rules to relieve himself periodically or consume refreshments could also be ended. * * * YET THE DAMAGING effects of the filibuster, so vociferously ac- claimed by the majority, have not been considered disastrous enough to bring about such action. . Thus even if a new debate rule is adopted, latent conservative feeling may continue to effectively block civil rights legislation. But any liberal modification of- Rule XXII, coupled with a similar' weakening of the Southern block in the powerful House Rules Com- mittee would enhance Kennedy's chances of enacting the progress- ive legislation which he has promised to America. nist cause. The film also tries to inspired, led'and supported by the Communists, SGC's proposed resolution would condemn the film. An amendment by Daily Editor Thomas Hayden would, in addition, condemn the committee, for alleged misrepre- sentation of fact in the film The'Council must base its deci- sion not on the material in the film alone. It must resort to out- side information in order to sub. stantiate or disprove the film's implications. Both sides have been stockpiling weapons for the past month. Per- ry Morton's ammunition, support- ing the validity of the film and the House committee's intent, consists of several pounds of printed matter donated by HUAC. Hayden commands a varied ar- senal including pamphlets, news- paper articles pointing out dis- tortions of fact and personal con- tact with major participants in the San Francisco riots. * * * THE INTODUCTION OF the motion touched off a series of diplomatic warnings about the coming debate. Several pro-HUAC members urged the Council to keep an open mind until it had seen the film and heard the evi- dence. Most of the Council has not seen the film yet.- Hayden, who probably has more knowledge of the situation than any other Council member, said he could no longer "keep an open mind" on the basic question of whether the film misrepresents the student demonstrations and makes incorrect implications. Having seen the film twice, lived with several members of the dem- onstration last summer, and heard the committee's position present- ed by such as Ann Byerlein, a Detroit nurse, who is leading a campaign to reinstate the speak- er ban at Wayne State Univer- sity, Hayden argues that he has kept an open mind .long enough to make a value judgment and take a stand. "I AM PERFECTLY willing to keep an open mind about ways in which to deal with the com- mittee's distortions, however," he stressed. Jon Trost objected to the whole motion because the Council "does not have the facts." He contends that no accurate decision can be made because the Council can only pick its way through a maze of partisan information and mis- information. This is an issue on which Coun- cil members cannot possibly be equally informed. It might take weeks for Hayden to tell or write all of the background material he possesses. It would also take much time for each member of the Council to read every page of the material Morton possesses. , The only information the mem- bers willactually have n com- mon is the film itself which they will view as a body in the near fu- ture If the film presentation is accompanied by knowledgeable representatives of both stands the perspective will be broadened. However, the presence of only one outside representative would cer- tainly be a deterrent to objectiv- ity. Council President John Feld- kamp stressed that if the film is indeed a misrepresentation, it stands as a threat to legitimate student action. Thus the Council has an obligation not to bog down in the obstructionist attitude that a valid decision is impossible with the available information. Rather, members must strive to overcome the barriers presented by biased source material; they must make every attempt to ac- quire information, but then they must apply that information to the formation of an opinion. show that the demonstrations were AT THE STATE-: 'DOWners' FRED ZINNEMAN'S production Aof "The «SundoWners" is an unusual motion picture, Buckin g the common trend 4t has no junk- les, drunkards, girls of the night, or any other psychotic souls. It has no profound message. The story is not complex or intricately worked. It has neither Hollywood glamour nor its antithesis, stark realism. Instead, "The Sundown- ers" is simple, folksy, beleivable- and successful. And producer-director Zinne-~ man must be credite with the success. FOr from the AImple story of man's desire to remain on the move as opposed to' a woman's and boy's desire to settle, he has created a film that 'has great emotional appeal, belejvable char- acters, gnd examples of cinematic art at its finest. 'THE STORY of the Cargnody family-Australian sheep drovers by trade and Sundowners, Austra- lian slang for people without A. home-is treated in episodic, al- most vignette-like manner. The film has three basic sections, which in turn is broken down into re- lated. episodes and then smaller memorable scenes. The director's skill in leading his actors through these episodes his brilliant use of the Australian landscape and wildlife, and Jean Lonhert's tasteful adaptation of Jon Clary's novel are primarily responsible for creating the films appeal. The major actors, Robert Mitchium, Deborah Kerr, Peter Ustinov, and Glynis Johns, each take part in scenes which help make this film more memorable for its parts rather than the whole. Mitchum, as the restless drover, Is persuaded to take part In a sheep sheering contest with an 80-year-old sheerer. The result is topflight folk humor at its best, In one brief scene Miss Kerr, as the sturdy frontier wife, at a railroad station, comes face to face with a glamourous city wo- man. Her expression, at the real, ization of the lack of her ow femininity, is a remarkable, i- stantaneous, characterization of the pioneer woman, exiled tothe wilds as she confronts the world of which she will never be a part. Ustinov, glib, witty, frowning plays himself; but that is enough. His inflections and changing ex- pressioans as he delivers his lines gives the words added meaning. Miss Johns as an inn owner, with her distinctive voice, chasing Us- tinov is equally engaging. At one point she says to Miss Kerr, at the inn's pub, "I really don't like drinking, but I have to get drunk; every once in awhile. Sets a good example for the clientele, you know?" DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN THE MINOR ACTORS and bit players, most of them native Aus- tralians, almost manage tor steal the show. Sone appear for no more than a scene or two, but these scenes will be remembered. Again, forsaking the common, Zinneman uses the natural setting of Australia to its greatest advan- tage. There are no scenes of beauty for beauty's sake. All of his scenes of nature are an in- tegral part of the film's action. There are flaws, the film is a little long and it might be too episodic. However, "The Sundown- ers" is one of the best pictures of the year and certainly one of the best American productions in some time. --Harold Applel aum (Continued from Page 2) Welfare Caseworker; prefer woman with MA in Psych,, Sociolog;y, or Social Work and some field experience. Will interview BA's in same fields for a TRAINING position. Pittsburg Coke & Chemical Co., Pitts- burg~h, lla.-Immediate opening as In- strument Chemist requiring BS in Chem. and 2-5 yrs. experience in instru- mental analyis and methods develop- ment in modern quality control lab, Paterson State College, Wayne, N.J.-- Openings as Assistant Registrar and As- sistant Director of Student Personnel for college grads. The position of Asst. Director of Student Personnel involves Student counseilling, supervision of Stu- pent housing and activlities,etc. i. R. Doerfier Co., New York City-- Op(ning for qualifiedaJune grad as Printing Production Man. Training ini printing and the graphic arts neces- sairy. F'irm 's work consists mainly of hotel, restaurant and point of sale promotional material. U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Lab, San Francisco, Calif.-Opening for po- siti as Head of Weapons Capabilities Branch. RS minphysical science, chem, math., or engineering, and 3 yrs spe- Iolixed professional exper. in research or analysis in one of these fields. Edgerton, Germneshausen & Grier, Inc." Boston, Mass.-Looking for quali- fled grad in position as senior Scientist in Tube Research & Development. Must have general background in field of physical electronics. Advanced degree, exper. in thermlonic cathodes & gaseous discharge highly desirable. Also looking for junior men havinig BS or MS in this field. Open to non-residents. 0-4 yrs. experi- ence. Please contact Bureau of Appoint- ments, Room 4021 Admin, Bldg., Ext. 3371 for further information, SUMMi1ER PLACEMENT INTERVIEWS: American Students Information Ser- vice--Paul F. Krynicki will be at the Su mer Placement Service today to talk to interested students concerning summer work in Europe. Camp Mowglis, New Hampshire--Mr. Jerry Flakes will be at the Summer Placement Service to interview men for his camp for boys Tues., Jan. 10, from 1:30 to 4:55 p.m. His home address is: Mr. Jerry Hakes, 116 N. 5th Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan, NO 3-8267. Come to the Summer Placement Ser- vice, D528 SAB for further informa- tion. Part-Time Employment The following part-time jobs are available. Applications for these jobs can be made in the Non-Academio Personnel Office Room 1020 Adminis- tration Building, during the following hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Employers desirous of hiring part- time or teiporaryemployees should contact Bill Wenrich, Part-time Em- ployment Interviewer, at NOrmandy 3-1511, extension 2939. Students desiring miscellaneous jobs -should consult the bulletin board in Room 1020, daily. MALE 16-Psychological subjects (hours to be arranged), CINEMA GUILD: 'Greed' Rewarding ERICH VON Stroheim's "Greed" is, beyond a doubt, one of the finest pictures that I have ever seen. In spite of the fact that it it being shown with about a fifth of the original script, this rendi- tion of Frank Norris' novel, "McTeague," is a masterpiece of fine acting, directing, and photo- graphy. Contrary to the impression that all critics must say every pro- duction he sees is miserable; I feel this movie is practically above technical reproach. However, there were certain minor details that were hardly up to the standards of the nicture ns a whnl nn under the direction of Von Stro- heim, "Greed" emerges as one of the best portrayals of human nature in existence. Even though the movie, as it comes to us, is a mere fragment of the original, we can catch the depth and per- ceptive quality of the perform. ances. The theme of the story, because it has been cut to such a great extent, suffers because we are unable to see the many unbearable pettinesses that must have led up to the last scenes of frustration and selfishness. The mood of the story, is car- ried out admirable; passing from tenderness to nassion -nd nn..