United States and Latin America
REPUBLICANS HOPE TO GAIN:
The Campaign for Congr
Has the United States Failed in Its Program
For Developing Other American Countries
Because Its Aid Has Been the Wrong Type?
Continued from Page Eight
motely resembling the Marshall,
Plan.t'
Just to keep it nonpartisan, the
Truman administration said ap-
proximately the same thing whent
it excluded Latin America from its
massive post-war rehabilitation
program.
But it should be obvious that
such a philosophy is wrong on
both counts. Private investment
has been dwindling in LatinI
America, for, despite the various
guarantees of equal treatment, the
possibility of state expropriation
mounts in direct proportion to the
restlessness of the masses. It will
not begin to pick up again until
the existing institutions give evi-
dence of being able to contin and
gratify this restlessness, and this
will require long range loans and
outright gifts by the United
States.
MOREOVER, provisions must be
made by which the developing
countries will either maintain
control over nascent industries orI
have a clearly timetabled meansI
of acquiring that control. Other-
wise, economic power will continue
to be located in the hands of for-
eign investors, with all the accom-
panying distrust and charges of
exploitation.
It is aid on a scale comparable
to the Marshall Plan which, de-
spite President Eisenhower's free-
enterprise homilies, Latin America
so desperately needs. At the Bo-
gota economic conference of the of the Cubans without losing
OAS last month, representatives sight of the Communist's ultimate
from the 21 American republics objectives. It seems clear that if
outlined development programs any nation seeking to industrialize
which would cost the United and raise its standard of living
States about $2 billion a year in
loans, grants, and investments.
This is more than double the pres-
ent amount, and demonstrates the
inadequacy of the hastily-cooked
up $500 million gift that we of-
fered to counter pro-Castro ten-
dencies.
If the United States is not pre-
pared to meet this challenge, we
can hardly blame the Latin Amer-
icans for looking to Russia for
assistance. At present, most gov-
ernments in the region are cau-
tiously denouncing Castro, because
of course they are not anxious to
offend the United States. But
popular support for Castro and
his revolution is widespread among
the masses.
THE DAY it becomes apparent
that American aid to satisfy
the demands of the people will
not be forthcoming, we can only
expect more anti - Americanism
and ties with Russia among the
Latin - Americans. Any govern-
ment that refuses to accept Com-
munist aid in the face of Ameri-
can refusal to supply it will be
overthrown, al la Castro.
Such a development program is
a matter of simple self-defense,
quite apart from its purely phil-
anthropic aspects. One can de-
plore the sophomoric denunciation
i i _ _ _-_
11
How will the Cuban revolution affect other
Latin imerican countries?
LOOK TO KESSEL'S FOR FASHION
HOLIDAY DRESSES
must rely totally on Russia for
aid, Russia has a new ally, willing
or not. Slapping on embargoes and
cutting aid is an incredibly stupid
way for the U.S. to react. The
Russians must be met on their
own ground. If an emerging na-
tion may look to either the United
States or the Soviet Union for
help, they can avoid complete de-
pendence on anyone and develop
rapidly in a happy neutralism that
is ultimately to our advantage.
IF WE FAIL to answer the call
. of the awakening masses, we
may soon find ourselves a lonely
free-enterprise island in a Com-
munist world. This is an arrange-
ment which could not long be
maintained.
Brazil wants to develop its in-
terior, utilize its power resources.
Argentina wants to shake off the
bankruptcy it inherited from Pe-
ron. Chile is still digging out from
the devastating earthquake that
cost it some $500 million. Cuba
needs help in completing the
social amelioration of the revolu-
tion. Everywhere is the crying
need for aid, a lot of it soon.
The next president will face an
awesome responsibility. He must
detach himself from the financial
and business interests which were
instrumental in securing him the
presidency. He must force through
a conservative - dominated Con-
gress expensive measures which
will be called socialistic. He must
exhibit rare statesmanship and
patience in handling the inevitable
anti-American of the Cubas which
may appear from time to time. He
must commit this nation to a
permanent policy of being broth-
er's keeper, even though brother
may also be palling around with
the Russians. He will have to over-
haul most of our foreign service
to weed outthe political ap-
pointees who have given the-U.S.
a black eye around the world. He
must send abroad American per-
sonnell - technicians, educators,
scientists-on a wartime scale.
contingent should remain un-
changed with 11 Republicans and
seven Democrats.
The Illinois race forthe House
should be quite close, as. both:
parties have chances in opposition
districts. The Chicago 12th dis-
trict will provide a tight contest
for the seat of the deceased
Charles Boyle, a Democrat. Sen.
Paul Douglas, the veteran Demo-
crat, seems headed for another
term in Washington.
Illinois Republicans may gain
representation in the lower cham-
ber to augment their 14-8 margin.
The GOP hopes for at least two
Democratic seats.
Three shaky districts in Indiana
may swing to the GOP to narrow
the gap in the state's Congres-
sional representation, now 8 Dem-
ocrats and 3 Republicans, and no
Republican appears to be strongly
challenged. The popularity of
Nixon may well turn the Republi-
can trick,
By MICHAEL BURNS
%.: REPUBLICANS may gain two
Rseats in Kansas and should
make a complete sweep of the two
representatives from South Da-
kota. The Southern state of Mis-
., souri, which now has a 10 to one
edge in Democratic congressmen,
may elect two GOP candidates
this year.
Iowans are expected to send
three-term Gov. Herschel Loveless
ey has had to the Senate over Republican
House and is state Sen. Jack Miller. GOP Sen.
Ign close for Thomas Martin's post is at stake,
cNamara. The since he retired. The present house
pears to have alignment should remain the same
will test once - five Republicans and three
powers of the Democrats.
te. The House C ontinued on Page Nine
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STATE STREET of NORTH UNIVERSITY
U
AS THE fateful day of November
8 approaches, voters are faced
with decisions which will decide
the future of the United States.
Theirs is a choice of a leader and
the representatives who will best
serve them in the next Congres-
sional session.
While the presidency may be
the prime focal point of voter at-
tention, 'the congressional races
reflect some of the issues of the
Kennedy-Nixon struggle and pro-
vide peculiar battles of their own.
The Republicans cannot con-
ceivably overcome the Democratic
majority in the Senate in this
election. Even the prospects of the
GOP gaining ground are not very
hopeful, according to most ob-
servers of the situation.
In the House, of course, all'
seats are up for grabs, but here
again the odds are very much
against a GOP reversal of the
present 129 - member Democratic
majority,
UNDOUBTEDLY, the crushing
wave of Democratic strength
in the 1958 contest which
swamped Republican congressmen
should not reoccur this year. But
most of the races are for seats
held by the majority party and
thus the Republican chances for
substantial gains are slim. The
GOP can look to several close
districts for possible victories and
they should pick up about ten
seats over the last session.
The South looks as solid politi-
cally as ever, but the stability
favors the Republicans in several-
instances. The Midwest farm belt
providesthe majority of hot and
close races.
The presidential outcome will
affect very greatly the outcome of
state races. In some states person-
alities and issues clearly emerge
and the voter interest has been
aroused. Many, however, have
produced no distinctions between
the candidates and thus decision'
for president should be an im-
portant determinant. Close state
races also hang in the balance of
the national contest.
conservative Bentle
eight years in the
making the campa
the labor-backed M
Detroit Defoocrat ap
a slight lead that
again the respective
city and outstate vol
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IN MICHIGAN, the senatorial
race between United States"
Rep. Alvin Bentley, Owosso mil-
lionaire, and incumbent Demo-
cratic Sen. Patrick V. McNamara
shapes up as one of the closest
and most interesting battles. The
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MICHAEL
junior in the1
and a night_
BURNS is a
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editor on The
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