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AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION:
Candidates View Civil Rights



AY. NOVEMBER 3, 1960

NIGHT EDITOR: FAITH WEINSTEIN

Liquor By The Glass
C*on. .

. , ,

I4UOR BY THE GLASS, the traditional
3ogey Man of Motherhood, Well-Groomed-
and The American Way, will vie for
ptance in one of the world's last dry
ions-Ann Arbor, Michigan, on Nov. 8.
the city's residents vote "No" on the
,endum, they will be allowing emotionalism
ignorance of the issue to perpetuate one
he most ludicrous drinking laws in the
:n.
xhibitiig thinking that went out with
sert Hoover, certain local pressure groups
s predicted that liquor poured on the
vises is bound to result in increased drun-
driving, leading to higher accident rates,
will culminate in other manifestations
ghastly to mention.
IJECTIVE BASES FOR predictions can be
round by tracing the results of the legaliza-
of liquor by the glass in Lansing in 1947.
rding to statistics released recently by
Lansing Chief of Police to the Ann Arbor.
nsees Association, arrests for driving while
,ccated rose from .91 per cent of all arrests
e in 1946 to a very unimpressive one per
in the first year after legalization.
ore important, arrests for accidents on
same charge went up from 1.5 per cent
mere 1.6 per cent-reflecting a miniscule
er cent rise which could have been due
ny one of many factors. Further, two years
r sale of liquor by the glass was instituted,
sing was named "America's Safest City."
Icoholism in general has been a dwindling
dem in recent Michigan history. Although
n after town has liberalized its liquor laws
e the War, alcohol consumption per person
he state has decreased over 20 per cent
e 1948.
T' SOME DRYS state that Ann Arbor is
a "college town" and therefor possesses the
que problem of student drinking. However
ining the status quo will only promote
king in student apartments where minors
invited to share the liquor purchased by
r older hosts.
s a Student Government Council resolution
pointed out, current laws permit sale of
or by the glass just outside the city limits
fe the city has no jurisdiction. Certainly
Lrolled consumption within the city would
a more intelligent alternative.
GC has summarized, "The progress of Ann
or should not be sacrificed because of
Dlete considerations for the student's
.alitY."
iutdated drinking regulations also tend to
pardize Ann Arbor's position as the annual
4 to thousands. The lack of job-providing
lity restaurants and dearth of cocktail
riges could easily be corrected. The city's
amic growth, exeeplified by the realization
the new Research Park, no longer permits
a Arbor to maintain the provincial atmos-
re to which it has clung in the face of
gress.
I DESIRE FOR a well-mixed drink served
in a congenial atmosphere exists in An
jor Just as it does in the rest of the country.
disproportionate 7,485 residents have been
ced to join private clubs to enjoy this simple
Oure while others must go without.
iunning out of better arguments, drys
tantly state that since city revenues collect-
from sales of liquor by the glass will have
be used for liquor law enforcement, the city
enrs will not directly grow. But can it be
bified to limit the freedom of a large seg-
nt of the population merely because grant-
that freedom can not be financially
loted?
rhe sale of alcoholic beverages in Michigan
well regulated by the monopoly of state
Atrol. With proper local enforcementp of
al regulations, the sale of liquor by the
As would allow city's wantonly archaic
nking laws to give way to Ann Arbor's

T HE LIQUOR-by-the-glass proposal which
will confront Ann Arbor voters Nov. 8 may
be summed tip like this: the community has
precious little-if anything-to gain from it,
but has a great deal to lose.
It is significant that the petitions which
were circulated last spring to put the proposal
on the ballot arose not from any spontaneous
movement of Ann Arbor citizens, but from
a group of local tavern owners (the Ann Arbor
Licencees' Association) - because this group
woud be the only one to benefit directly from
the sale of liquor by the glass.
The other 67,000 Ann Arbor citizens and
University students will be left to buck the
consequences which may be expected to follow
increasing the availability of liquor, putting
it on tap like'cokes: more automobile accidents,
larger police force, more broken homes, more
alcoholism, more financial negligence.

VICE-PRESIDENT NIXON and
Senator John F. Kennedy
made known on Oct. 5 their posi-
tion on the role of government
in maintaining American civil
liberties in special statements pre-
pared for the American Civil
Liberties Union.
The civil liberties organization'
releasedthe text of the candidates'
statements as published in the
Union's monthly publication, Civil
Liberties. Celebrating its 40th an-
niversary this year, the ACLU is
the nation's only non-partisan
civil liberties group. In releasing
the Nixon and Kennedy state-
ments the Union emphasized that
it does not endorse candidates for
any office. It had requested the
presidential candidates' opinions
because of the interest of the
Union's members and the general
public in their civil liberties posi-
tion,
Calling "scrupulous observance
of our Constitutional guarantees"
a positive protection of national
security, Vice - President Nixon
said that "Government resolve to
preserve free speech, maintain due
process, and further equal status
under the law-rather than to
restrict or to neglect these rights
-inspires loyalty to the Govern-
ment in the minds and hearts of a
free people." He added that such
resolve, "with affirmative action
.. will enable the Free World to
maintain confidence in itself, and
gain the support of the uncom-
mited peoples.
*r

calling Judge Learned Hand's con-
cern that defense of civil liberties
is placed too much in constitu-
tions, laws, and the courts rather
than in the hearts of men, Sena-
tor Kennedy said: "We seek the
revival of American tradition -
a tradition made explicit in the
Constitution of Massachusetts: 'It
shall be the duty of Legislatures
*nd Magistrates, in all future
periods of this Commonwealth...
to countenance and inculcate sin-
cerity, good humour, and all social
affections, and generous senti-
ments among the people."
While these "qualities of mind
and spirit" cannot be legislated,
Senator Kennedy said, they may
be "nourished by public authority."
He added, "I firmly believe that
a people blessed with the qualities
of mind and heart ... thus eun-
merated need not fear for the
condition of civil liberty. I mean
to do my part as Chief Magistrate
of the Nation to countenance and
inculcate these ancient virtues."
AMONG THE specific civil liber-
ties questions discussed by .Vice-
President Nixon was the need for
the "influence of the Presidency"
to -be used to direct all govern-
mental agencies to disclose "all
possible information to the Ameri-
can people as long as it does not
do violence to the national secur-
ity. For government to deny to the
people the substanci basic to
thought is to deny them their
rights to expression. Such denial
also withholda from the Govern-
iment the nurture that comes from
such individual expression."
The Vice-President also made a
strong plea for exercise of First
Amendment rights to prevent the
"erosion inherent in a mass society
. .The First Amendment parti-
cularly presupposes an individual
who thinks independently, forming
his judgments for himself and
then responsibly pursuing his goals

IN HIS CALL for government
restraint in the area of civil liber-
ties, Senator Kennedy pointed to
loyalty oaths, abuses by legislative
investigations and charges of
"guilt by association" as examples
of improper governmental action.
"The States have followed in the
footsteps of the Federalists and
have put Alien and Sedition Acts
upon their statute books," he
wrote, adding: "An epidemic of
loyalty oaths has spread across
the Nation until no town or village,
seems to feel secure until its ser-
vants have purged themselves' of
all suspicion of non-conformity by
swearing to their political clean-
liness . . . We have also seen a
sharpening and redefinement of
abusive power. The legislative in-
vestigation, designed and often
exercised for the achievement of
high ends, has. too frequently, been
used by the Nation and the States
as a means for affecting the dis-
gracemand degradation of private
persons. Unscrupulous demogogues
have used the power to investigate
as tyrants of an earlier day used
the bill of attainder . . . Ip listing
these abuses IL do not mean to
condemn our central effort to
protect the Nation's security. The
dangers. that surround us have
been very great, and many of our
measures of vigilance have ample
justification./ Yet there are few
among us who do not share a por-
tion of blame for not recognizing
soon enough the dark tendency
towards excess of caution,"

HILL AUDITORIUM:
SSecondCliburn Concert
Exciting, Lacks Tone
VAN CLIBURN'S reputation as a pianist of tremendous mechanical
facility was confirmed at every turn of last night's all-Chopin
recital. Theprogram consisted of five major works, any one of, which
might have been the technical high point of an ordinary program.
Cliburn seems particularly adept at solving, specific technical
problems. If it is a questino of fast and light playing, as in the last
movement of the Sonata in B-fiat major, Op. 35, then Cliburn plays
faster and lighter than most other mortal men can play.
If it is a question of sorting out a melodic line in the midst of a
complex accompaniment, as in the main theme of the F-minor Fantasie,
Cliburn can subordinate the accompaniment almost to the point of
disappearance, while playing all the notes.
* * * *
IN FACT A SINGLE-MINDED approach to one problem at a, time.
characterized Cliburn's entire performance. In the moments when there

7

THE SALE of liquor by the glass does in fact
increase the consumption of liquor in a
community. The Michigan Liquor Control Com-
mission has estimated that approximately 30
per cent more liquor is consumed during the
first year after "a liquor-by-the-glass policy
takes effect.
Realizing the ensuing detrimental conse-
quences, five of six City Council members who
stated their positions on the' proposal recently
the traffic problem, Councilman Haroldn J. Mc-
Kercher pointed out, "In my contacts with
automobile accidents through the sale of in-
surance, I observe that a large portion of
accidents arise out of at least on of the parties
involved being under the influence of drinking."
Approximately 42 per cent of traffic fatalities
in Michigan involve drivers who are drunk
or drinking, according to an official report
issued by the Secretary of State's office.
B EHIND A BIGGER traffic problem always
looms the possibility of a bigger police force
to combat it. A bigger police force would
ultimately be paid for with more tax dollars
from everyone-and that hurts. A bigger traffic
problem would also likely stiffen up the quali-
fications for "E" driving permits.
The possibility that the city would have to
cope with more drunkenness-arrest, confin-
ment, trial-costs no less than $35, the Los
Angeles police department estimates.
Making liquor more easily available is bound
to worsen those socially disrupting conditions
which are already attributed at least in part
to liquor. Court records would certainly show
liquor to be a major factor in broken families;
It obviously is in alcoholism; and in too many
cases, liquor drains money from tight family
budgets - or a student's college education
budget.
"]AKING (LIQUOR) more readily avail-
able places temptation before people with
low resistance, whereas they would refrain
from drinking if it were not placed before
them," Councilman McKercher added. "It is
our moral responsibility to safeguard the well-
being of all people, not just the convenience
or financial welfare of a few," said Council-
woman Mrs. Gayle D. Flannery.
Indeed, it is just the "convenience or finan-
cial welfare of a few" that would result from
two frequently advanced arguments favoring
the proposal.
One that people would no longer need to
go outside Ann Arbor to get liquor by the
glass, seems weak because even if the pro-
posal would make liquor more available (it is
already available by the bottle or through
private clubs) it betokens no positive good to
the commurnity.
When the considerations on either side of
the proposal are weighed, the discerning Ann
Arbor voter must reach the conclusion very
well summed up by Council George A. Keebler:
". .liquor by the glass will do nothing for
the betterment of Ann Arbor."
-PETER STUART

IN HIS STATEMENT, Senator
Kennedy stressed that government
must provide "affirmative assis-
tance" to citizens in securing civil
rights and also exercise restraint
in areas in which the Bill of
Rights protects the individual
from invasion of his privacy.
He declared there is need for
"moral leadership from govern-
ment" to revive individuals' belief
in the principles of freedom. Re-


FREEDOM OF THE PRESS:
Fundamental Conflict Remains

(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the last
of three articles on freedom of the
student press.)
By JUDITH OPPENHEIM
Daily Staff Writer
TO INSURE overall objectivity,
administrations and student
governments advocate, in effect,
a college editorial page on which
liberal and conservative or pro
and con viewpoints balance each
other on every controversial issue.
The editors of most campus
newspapers do attempt to pub-
lish contrasting opinions on such
subjects, but usually when these
opinions are sincerely held by
staff members.
To achieve any real balance,
students holding certain view-
points would have to be coerced
into joining the newspaper staff,
or an editor would frequently need
to assume a stand contrary to
his convictions.
METROPOLITAN newspapers
often take this attitude to satis-
fy the divergent demands of a
widely varied audience. In his re-
cent book, "The Fading American
Newspaper," Carl Lindstrom, for-
mer visiting professor at the Uni-
versity, objects to an editorial
page which "strives to be all things
to all people."
He says the trouble with many
metropolitan newspapers is that
the editorial writers no longer de-
serve to be horsewhipped, mean-
ing that they consciously modify
their stands on controversial is-
sues to avoid giving offense,
The liberal student press is
striving to remain innocent of
this charge. It maintains that so
long as it is governed by the dic-
tates of law and good taste, and
so long as it accepts full respon-
sibility for its opinions, it is mor-
ally obliged to report all news of
concern to its readers and to com-
ment upon this news according to
honest conviction.
* * *
AFTER A STUDY of several
conflicts involving the college
press, the Student Editorial Af-
fairs Conference held in Minne-
apolis last summer passed the fol-
lowing resolution on freedom of
the press:
PRINCIPLE:
Whereas the Student Editorial
Affairs Conference (SEAC) be-
lieves and endorses the following
principles:
1) That a free and vigorous
press is essential to a democratic
society, and that freedom of ex-
pression and debate is basic to
the effectiveness of the education-
al community in a democratic so-
ciety;
2) That it is the duty and aim
of the student press both to de-
velop and serve its community and
to cultivate freedom of expression,
stimulation of thought, and re-
sponse in the community; this
might be done as its editors be-
lieve just and fitting; the editor
must bear full responsibility for
his policies.
3) That the aims of the student
press cannot be fully achieved un-

tion of responsibilities condemn-
ing any abridgment of them:
1) The student press must be
completely self directed. Within
the legal restrictions of civil or
criminal laws against libel, porn-
ography or indecency, the student
press must be free from control.
It must be permitted to function
free of all student or non-student
administrative devices, e.g. publi-
cation boards, student govern-
ment, faculty advisors, civil or
ecclesiastical agencies. Further, it
should be free of all direct or in-.
direct financial pressure.
2) The student press must be
a forum for free expression, hav-
ing the right to undertake dis-"
cussion of all matters of human
concern.
3) The student press must have
access to information necessary
for understanding all facets of is-

sues affecting the university or
college community in order to ac-
curately assess the community's
problems and activities.
AT CERTAIN universities, not-
ably the University of Minnesota,
the administrations have express-
ed a desire to aid the student
press in attaining the SEAC ob-
jectives.
Both the Minnesota Dean of
Students and the Publication
Board of the newspaper recently":
defended the Minnesota Daily
when it was attacked by a con-
servative student organization.
On other campuses, however,
the problems will be resolved
more slowly and with less ease,
since the disputes arise from es-
sentially opposed convictions of
vital, authoritative, and influen-
tial groups.

was only one problem, this ap-
proach produced tremendously ex-
citing -music. But such ideal situ-
ations are rare in the pieces Cli-
burn played. Much of the fire and
excitement of the main theme of
the F-minor Fantasie, for instance,
comes precisely from the com-
plexity and .vitality of the accom-
paniment.
Often Cliburn placed the empha-
sis on the obvious melodic line
and deemphasized whatever else
might be going on.
Such an approach had the ad-
vantage of producting a straight-
forward, businesslike, perfectly
clear performance. What was lack-
ing was the fire and drama and
sonority which one might, assume
to be Cliburn's strong point,
* * *
IN ONE RESPECT., Cliburn's
playing seems to this reviewer to
be strangely lacking, and that is
in the matter of tone production.
Epecially in the treble range at
normal dynamic levels, Cliburn
gets a very poor sound out of the
piano. This was more than usu-
ally noticeable in the second theme
group of the Sonata in B-minor,
Op. 58.
Nevertheless liburn proved his
ability to produce beautiful tone
in the trio section of the Marche
Funebre of the B-fiat major son-
ata. I have seldom heard such a
singing pianissimo.
Extremes of uneveness of just
this sort made the evening less
than satisfying but very inter-
esting.
--David Sutherland

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Unirer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration B~uilding,
before 2 p.m. two days preceding
publication.
THURSDAY, NOVERMBER 3
General Notices
Regents' Meeting: Fri., Nov. 18. Com-.
munications for consideration at this
meeting must be in the President's
hands not later than November 8.
Events Thursday
Mathematics Colloquium: Prof. Hans
Zassenhaus, Department of Mathemat-
ics, University of Notre Dame, will
speak "On the ideal semigroup in a~n
algebraic number field," - Thurs., Nov.
3, in 3011 Angell Hall at 4:10 p m.
Refreshments in 3212 Angeli Hall at
3:30 p.m.
Events Friday
OxfrdUniversity, Englad, wilpe-
sent a paper on "Singular Terins and
Predication" at 8 p.m. In the Rack-
ham Amphitheatre.
Lecture: Prof. Albert Rees, Unver-
sity of Chicago, will speak on "Union
Wage Gains and Enterprise Monopoly"
on Fri., Nov. 4, at 3 p.m. in Room 130,
School of Business Administration.
Astronomy Department Visitors' Nite:
Fri.( Nov. 4, 8:00 p.g., Room 2003 An-
(Continued on Page 8)

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Questions Justification for World Concern

-HARVEY MOLOTCH

To the Editor:
T HE communications dealing
with "Americans Committed to
World Responsibility" appearing
in your issuenof Oct 27 remind
one of an old story,
Little Tommy was put out on
the street, very dirty and with the
seat of his pants in tatters. A
passing neighbor said: "For heav-
ens sake, Tommy, why doesn't
your mother mend your trousers?"
Tommy replied, "Oh. my mother's
over at the parsonage sewing for
the heathen!"
.** *
I SUGGEST THAT anyone who
regards himself as "committed to
world responsibility" in any prac-
tical sense is sorely afflicted with
a case of mental fuzziness and
overconfidence. Americans are not
supermen; we have many frailties
(for example, our habit of killing
and maiming each other on the
highways at any annual rate run-
ning into the hundreds of thou-
sands). And even if we were smart
enough to run the other fellow's
life as well as our own, wouldn't
it be a bit questionable for us to
attempt this, particularly where
the other fellow prefers to make
his own decisions?
The Communists are very will-
ing to take responsibility for the
welfare of the world community'
but it doesn't follow that they are
justified in this posture.
In this connection I often won-
der if the Africans, Latin Ameri-
cans and others enjoy being con-
tinually referred to as "back-
ward" and "underdeveloped," and
if we are warranted in applying
such labels. There may be some-
thing to be said for the ideas
and ways of life of our "back-
ward" friends abroad, even if they
lack automobiles, television sets
and central heating.
-W. R. Paton

nation in the world, towards the
close of World War II, we then
had the opportunity to secure the
peace from a position of strength
and moral leadership. The first.
blow to our prestige came when
we became the first to use the
atom bomb, the most terrible .
weapon used thus far in warfare.
We lost our chance to be looked
upon as great humanists. .
Then, at the end of the war,
six and one third nations found
that they couldn't praise the Unit-
ed States, even if they had a
choice, as the strongest nation in
the world stood by as they were
traded from a bad dictator to a
worse one.
* * *
REMEMBER when we failed to
support Chiang Kai-shek in his
struggle against the Communists?
In fact, the Democrat administra-
tion encouraged friendly compro-
mise between the Nationalists and
Communists. Now we have 600,-
000,000 Chinese being taught that
our way of life must be replaced
by Communism.
Finally, in 1947, the once mighty
U.S. was blocked from rightful
entry to West Berlin and did
nothing, for we had only a small
army and could not retaliate short
of nuclear war.
It is difficult to see how, by
this time, our prestige was not
at an all time low. However, since
our entry into the Korean Con-
flict, followed by eight years of
firm but unbelligerent resistance
to Communism, it is difficult to
see how our prestige could not
help but slowly recover.
* * *
IT IS NOT prestige that we are
now losing, but the hidden fight-
ing of the cold war. How can
we counter the steady world wide
subversion, agitation, and infil-
tration of International Commu-

Distinction*
To the Editor:
IT SEEMS that in every decade
. there comes a situation which
forces the distinction' between
people Who merely bemoan the
world's problems by sadly shak-
ing their heads and others who
get into the act to do something
about them. McCarthy is dead
and discrimination is surely wan-
ing. The opportunity for this dec-
ade may well be in the proposals
for international assistance now
being promoted by Americans
Committed to World Responsibil-
ity.
We are eager to add our names
under the names of Chester
Bowles, Kenneth Boulding, Rich-
ard Cutler, Anatol Rapaport, Pres-
ton Slosson and the many stu-
dents who are doing more for
world peace than shaking their
heads. It's great to feel a part of
this pioneer movement and the
challenge is here for every stu-
dent and faculty member who
claims to be concerned.
-Marc and Phyllis Pilisuk
Absurd...
To the Editor:
DENIAL of voting rights to
American Negroes is, accord-
ing to Daily writer Michael Har-
rah, "not worth causing further
social strife, pressing though it
may seem" because "time is rela-
tive, and much time has passed
since the world began," and "this
whole question will be but a very
small segment of the whole pic-
ture, and in all rather insignifi-
mant "
This is absurd. Harrah describes
a problem, indicates a need for
compromise, and then advises that
we all ignore the problem since
"it too shall pass."

duced by people, acting-by Neh-
rus and Nassers by Mboyas and
Nkrumahs, and by thousands
whose names we do not know. We,
in the U.S., can hardly afford,
today, to.stop and to delay.
Certainly the Negro's problem
shall pass. It shall pass when it
has been forced to pass. For 100
years we have sagely advised that
"it too shall pass," and it has'not
passed.
Wedcan argue over means. We7
can find quiet lobbying more ef-
fective than dime store picketing.
But we cannot argue for no means.
Until we act, it shall NOT pass.
-Brian Glick, '61
Go Blue...
To the Editor:
WHY does Michigan lack school
spirit? Why are there so few
pep rallies? Why are those few
so miserably attended? Why is
this University so spiritless? These
are questions that I have asked
myself ever since the first football
game. It seems amazing to m'e
that our team does so well with
the lousy student support that it
gets. I think that if we beat the
best teams in the nation, the stu-
dents would calmly file back to
their residences and proceed with
their next activity as though noth-
ing had happened, I don't think
that I've ever really heard a stu-
dent crowd yell-either at a game
or at a so-called pep rally.
There are some people that care
- the "Wolverine Club." The
trouble is that people don't care
about,'them. They are criticized
heavily for failures that are not
their fault, such as "block M,"
which is the fault of the students
themselves. I'm sure that the ad-
ministration of this club is doing
their part but could do a much
better job with student 'coopera-
tion.
.

OTHERS SEE IT:
Help for Underprwileged

HE VISIT last weekend of 18 graduates of
Harlem's Junior High School 43 program
uld have demonstrated to Harvard students
d Faculty members what other figures in
academic world have long been saying:
at New York's pioneer program for under-
vileged students is one of the happiest and
st useful educational developments to come
ng in years.
[hrough education journals and in confer-
,es, interested educators had learned of the
gram to take promising students from de-
5ssed areas and to give them the cultural and
demic benefits more fortunate children en-
ed. This year, in fact, students who have
ne up through Junior High School 43 and.
orge Washington High are being sought by

a few believers among the students and Faculty
members who met these remarkable boys and
girls during their stay here. Those who were
with them heard Hevtor Motroni, an American
for four years, tell them, "At first I knew just
about New York City and Cuba, but now I
want to know everything." They heard Robert
Kay say, "When I see fellows just running
around the streets, I say to myself, they're going
to be sorry in twenty years. I'm going to make
a good life-I'm not going to be like they are."
They heard Eleanor Smith say, "The project
has widened my friends' horizons as well as
mine. We all get more out of life, more than
before." They heard Andreas Panagis, from
Greece, tell now his love of music was cultivat-
ed and how it spread to his friends,