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VOL. LXXI, No. 38

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 2,1960


s

AT GUATANAMO:
U.S. Plans To H


WASHINGTON

(P)-President

Dwight D. Eisenhower yesterday
bluntly warned Cuba-and Fidel;
Castro's Russian and Chinese
friends-that the United States
has no intention of yielding the
Guantanamo naval base in Cuba
"and will take whatever steps

may be appropriate to dbfend"
the base.
In a special statement issued by
the White House, Eisenhower dew
clared, "Because of its importance
to the defense of the entire hem-
isphere, particularly in the light
of the intimate relations which

Nixon Meets Amish

-AP Wirephoto
GREETS SECT--Vice-President Richard M. Nixon yesterday
greets members of the Amish sect at the Lancaster, Pa., airport.
Nixon visited Lancaster as part of his campaign tour of Penn-
Sylvania.
Campaign Issues:
Farm Problm
(EDITOR'S NOTE: This the the first in a series of articles of University
faculty-comment on the election issues.)
By MICHAEL BURNS
The past four years in agriculture have produced no noticeable
changes in the existing problems.
This is the opinion of Prof. Kenneth Boulding of the economics
department and Norman Thomas of the political science depart-
ment.
Prof. Boulding says that what the present administration has
done is not enough, but that it has been in the right direction.
The same basic problem still
N x n Sexists, Thomas maintains-a pro-
ductive capacity in excess of de.
mand. The imbalance has not been
Rffi (si * s remedied.
The rapid technological ad-
vances in agriculture have made
By The Associated Prew farmers more efficient. Many

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old Base
now exist between the present Sweeps Poll.
government of Cuba and the
Sino-Soviet bloc, it is essential
that our position in Guantanamo
be clearly understood."
The essence of that position, as
Eisenhower spelled it out, is that
United States rights of full con-
trol over the base are rooted in
agreements with Cuba, that they Bess
can be modified or ended only by Sen. Kennedy
agreement between the two gov- At 'U' by 300 Votes
ernments, and that the United
States "has no intention of agree- Vice-President Richard M. Nixon
ing to the modification or abro- took the University by a moderate
gation of these agreements." majority, but scored a landslide in
Ike Offers Assurances the aggregate Big Ten student
At the same time, the President presidential preference poll.
offered assurances that the Unit- The Vice-President won on every
ed States presence in Guantana- one of the seven conference cam-
mo and use of that base "pose no puses participating in the presi-
threat whatever to the sovereign- dential preference polls by a count
ty of Cuba. of 21,032 to Sen. John F. Ken-
In other developments: nedy's 15,058.
-United States diplomatic of- There were 1,296 write-in votes.
ficials said Communist arms - University students, operating
and Communist technicians with under a split ballot system for
them-have been flowing into president and vice-president which
Cuba in swelling volume during differed from the other schools,
the past two months. Estimated gave Nixon a combined 2,372 to
value: More than $300 million, 2,048 edge.
double the amount of previous Nineteen per cent of the campus
shipments. took part in the poll conducted by
-A six-nation committee of the Junior Interrraternity Coun-
the Organization of American cil.
States met informally to discuss The split ballot produced an
a United States request for an even more solid majority for the
investigation of its charges that Nixon-Henry Cabot Lodge ticket.
Soviet bloc arms are moving in- They won 2,353 to 1,589 for the
to Cuba. Dr. Jose A. Mora, Secre- Kennedy - Sen. Lyndon Johnson
tary General of the OAS, offered duo.
to try and find out if Cuba will But the apparent unpopularity
accept the good offices of the In- of Johnson produced 411 votes
ter-American organization in me- for the Kennedy-Lodge combina-
diating the Cuban-American dis- tion, compared with only 19 for
pute.
Marines Land . Nixon Kennedy
Last weekend, 1,450 Marines Illinois . ..... 3,926 3,519
were landed at Guantanamo for Indiana.......2,761 1,60
the stated purpose of relaxing Iowa........,948 1,413
after maneuvers elsewhere. They Michigan..... 2,372 2,48
embarked again on Monday. Al- Norhern . 2,32 1,058
though the United States avoided Ohio StateU. . 4,053 2,303
calling it that, the Marine land-
ing served as a show of force that i 4.. 34 307
might give the Castro regime sec- 21,032 15,058
and thoughts about trying to
seize the base.
Eisenhower said, "The people Nixon-Johnson. This split ballot
of the United States, and all of method caused obvious difficulties
the peoples of the world, can be in measuring the true strength of
assured that the United States' each party ticket.
presence in Guantanamo and use Lodge, then led all contestants
of the base pose no threat what- at the University with 2,765, fol-
ever to the sovereignty of Cuba." lowed by Nixon with 2,353, Ken-
nedy with 2,048 and Johnson with
UN Asembly 1,e5.
UN AsseyThe idea for the conference elec-
tion was conceived by the Daily
Illini, University of Illinois news-
paper. All Big Ten schools except
Ohio State University, Michigan
D a M State University, University of
Minnesota and Purdue University
UNITED NATIONS UP) - The held their elections yesterday.
United Nations General Assembly OSU held their contest last
yesterday rode down Cuban-Soviet week and the others did not par-
demands for urgent Assembly de- ticipate.
bate on their charges that the The student senate at Purdue
United States is planning an in- approved the election, but the ad-
vasion of Cuba. ministration disapproved the state
The Assembly, after two days election segment of the poll and
of debate rejected a Cuban amend- would not let polls be set up.
ment to upset a previous steering Political clubs tried to establish
committee decision assigning the an informal election but could not
debate to the Assembly's 99-nation get enough support. ,0
political committee. MSU could not get enough stu-
The vote was 29 in favor of the dents to run the poll, The Minne-
Cuban-Soviet stand, 47 against, sota Daily refused to sponsor the
and 18 abstentions. vote at that school.


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Swarnson
Proposal,
Lewis' Study'
Asks Funds r
For Schools
7 fi/i
Wants Reorientation
Of State Research
Vice-President for Student Af-
fairs James A. Lewis has proposed
a study of federal aid and a re-
orientation of research towards
expansion of business and indus-
try in a paper on Michigan edu-
cational needs.
The report was submitted to
Lieutenant - Governor John B.
Swainson, the Democratic guber-
natorial nominee,
The 12 points included in the
report- advocate improvement in
instruction and facilil ies and for
maintaining an adequate and COMPREHENSl
competent number of teachers of the psycholog
through salary raises and teacher philosophy depar
education programs.
"Careful attention should be hensive exams fo
given to the cost of education yesterday.
borne by students and their par-
ents to avoid pricing able students
out of the market," the report
warned. O e
Full Cooperation
The role of the governor should
be in "vigorous encouragement of
full cooperation" between the ed-
ucation boards, faculties, legis-
lators and the total public. Should the lite
The report also urges a clarifi- in concentration fi
cation of the roles of the office
of the Superintendent of Public This was the
Instruction and the State Board an open forum sp
of Education and cooperation Prof. Wilbert
among the constitutional boards. sented the opening
Cooperation between state in- the entire idea of t
stitutions was another item. "In education as it is
establishing new institutions care ganized does not
must be taken to implement new the objectives dis
programs and supplement existing college catalog."
programs only as needed within Too Of1
the total system of education." Instead, it too
Federal Government the students only I
Now that the federal govern- certain courses, w
ment is involved in aiding educa- tions are "relati
tion, the extent of such aid should examinations as fE
be the only question to be deter- jectives of higher
mined, the committee reported, concerned."
On the matter of relating more The courses do
research to the expansion of in- Keachie said, test
dustry, the report urged "ade- objectives" such as
quate and deliberate support of organize, to apply I
basic research . . . is necessary for ciples to. the solutio
growth in the Michigan economy." unencountered pro
The committee stressed the new solutions of pr
need for technological training of evaluate solutions
"both people on the job and of tions of problems.
people betv'een the high school Speaking against
and college levels for new jobs." tions, Prof. Richard

*

Takes Campus Eec tic


Vice-President Richard M. Nixon
and Sen. John F. Kennedy swap.
ped increasingly bitter charges last
night-only one week before the
nation's voters decide which will
become President.
Nixon accused his Democratic
rival of saying Republicans always
had opposed Social Security, and
the Republican nominee said it
was a "bare-faced lie."
The Vice-President stayed on
the pocketbook issue as he cam-
paigned through -Pennsylvania and
New York-with some televised
help from President Dwight D.
Eisenhower and Secretary of the
Treasury Robert B. Anderson.
Kennedy jeeringly pictured Nixon
as unable to stand before the
American people as the Republican
presidential candidate without
leaning on Eisenhower.
Home State
The comment came as Kennedy
began a two-day tour of Cali-
fornia, aimed at winning Nixon's
home state with its parcel of 32
electoral votes. He got a rousing
welcome.
Addressing a rally at the Uni-
versity of Southern California,
Kennedy denounced Nixon as a
stand-patter in a revolutionary
era, saying "I can't believe the
people will accept the status quo."
Wild Welcome
Kennedy's wild welcome into
California had some out-of-the-
ordinary sidelights: fog delayed
his arrival. The motorcycle of a
policeman overheated and the gas
tank blew up. The motor of Ken-
nedy's auto overheated and he had
to change transportation.
Nixon started out his day in
Pennsylvania - a state with 32
electoral votes-and moved into
upper New York-in a state with
the nation's largest electoral count
-45 votes.
In Pennsylvania, the Vice-Presi-
dent pounded on the theme that
the Democrats have made a "poli-
tical football out of a pressing hu-
man problem by sending Eisen-
hower two distresseC. area bills he
had tove to. nemnlivmenis a.a

farmers have been pushed out of
- agriculture, but there are still too
t many andthe results aremhuge
surpluses and sagging farm in-
come.

Present Situation
The present situation is not the
fault of President Dwight D. Ei-
senhower, Agriculture Secretary
Ezra Taft Benson, Congress or
any group, Thomas notes.
Neither candidate presents an
adequate or effective solution for
the problem, Thomas and Prof.
Boulding agree.
Nixon's program comes closer to
solving the long-range problem
than does that of Kennedy, Prof.
Boulding believes.
More Effective
Thomas explains that Kenn
dy's program is more effective
in terms of short-range goals for
the farmer in providing a higher
income, but Nixon's proposals are
'better for agriculture in the long
run, he says.
The Democratic platform calls
for their traditional high price
supports and rigid production
controls. Prof. Boulding terms
' these controls "very dangerous"
because they freeze the existing
conditions and keep marginal
farmers in agriculture.
The GOP places more emphas-
is on a free market system with
flexible supports. Thomas be-
lieves this is "a more realistic ap-
proach" to the situation. In a
free market without controls, the
smaller, more inefficient farmer
will be out and production can
be restricted.
What type of agricultural pro-
gram is needed?
One that will pay the farmers
to get out of agriculture, instead
of paying them to stay in, Prof.
Boulding emphasizes.
Social Security
By reducing retirement and so-
cial security benefit age require-
ments, older farmers could be
urged to retire and let fewer,
more efficient farmers remain.
Thomas advocates a program
that would transfer the bottom
one-third of the farm Dobulattln

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-Daily-James Warneka
ON TOUR-Movie star Jeff Chandler led an aggregation of Democratic celebrities, who yesterday
campaigned for local party candidates, including Thomas Payne (to Chandler's right) who is bid-

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