NOTE-TAKING:
PRO AND CON
See Page 4

Y

Seventy Years of Editorial Freedom

47 1ati

SUNNY, COOLER
High-72
Low-50
Fair today; partly cloudy
and mild tonight.

VOL. XXI, No. 20 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1960 FIVE CENTS

SIX PAGES

i

SGC Set
ToStudy
Prejudice
By PHILIP SHERMAN
Student Government Council
will take two big steps towards
fulfillment of its regulation against
discrimination in student organi-
zations' membership practices.
At its meeting tonight, the
Council will appoint the Com-
mittee on Membership Selection,
the group charged with adminis-
tration of the regulation, which
was passed last spring. The Coun-
cil will also start action on a
motion which would enable it to
gain access to all fraternity and
sorority constitutions.
Submit Copies


K hrushchev

Voted

On

Disarmament

REASON UNKNOWN:
U.S. Spy Satellite Fails To Or

I

-Daily-Henry Yee
WARNS OF CBINA--Prof. Leland Stowe explained Red China's,
growing threat to American trade in the Far East during a
speech at Rackham Auditorium.
U.S. Foe Tae
ThreatenebChina
By JUDITH OPPENHEIM
"Through continual price-cutting and dumping quantities of
goods on the markets, Red China is becoming a threat to American
commerce-a threat which jeopardizes our foreign markets, our work-
ers' employment, and our very standard of living," Prof. Leland Stowe
of the journalism department said yesterday.
In a talk at Rackham Aud. entitled "Red China's Global Pene-
tration Drive: Its Methods and Dangers-Through 'People's Diplo-
macy,' Foreign Trade and Aid," the Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist
warned that we may have to adapt some protective measures to
compete with China and Russia in the next 10 years.
The Red Chinese offensive is directed primarily at one billion
people in the underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa and Latin

HEAR WISMER:
YRs Pass
Platform
For. 1960
By MICHAEL HARRAH
The Young Republicans last
night heard, debated, and ap-
-proved the platform for 1960 as
submitted by Marshall Keltz, '61,
chairman of the platform com-
mittee.
Don Wismer, organizational staff
man from the Republican state
central committee, addressed the
group on the functions of the
state central committee and the
Republican part in the coming
election. I
Wismer, praised present GOP
chairman Lawrence B. Lindemer,
saying that "we have one of the
finest political organizations this
state has ever seen.".
Keltz said that the committee
had incorporated many of the
stands of the Republican National
Convention platform, but that
they have also added some of
their own, which are particularly
relevant to local issues.
Here are some of the maJor
points, as they vary, or go further,
than the national platform.
Civil Rights - The platform
recognized a problem of discrim-
ination present on the campus and
in the environs of the University.
The platform went on record as
recommending that people engag-
ing in discriminatory practices be
denied the privileges of advertising
their services through the organs
of the University. This stand in-
cluded not only the Negro, but
also the foreign student.
Education - The platform op-
posed federal aid to teachers sal-
aries, but favored a federal grant-
in-aid for school construction. It
commended the National Defense
Education Act and urged that it
be extended to other fields.
The platform opposed "univer-
sities indiscriminatly preventing
Communist speakers from address-
ing students," but went on to say
that controls should be exercised.
Old Age Insurance - The plat-
form favored the health insurance
proviso recently passed by the
post-convention session of Con-
gress, and spoke out directly
against any expansilon of social
security in this field.,1

- America who, if converted to Red
Chinese ideology, would represent
the balance of world power.
Want Profit
Red China's policy in foreign
trade Is to make a financial prof-
it when it can and to forego the
profit when necessary in order to
gain political power.
Since 1955 China's exports have
shown marked growth and present
a growing threat to American for-
eign commerce, Prof. Stowe said.
The trading methods of Red
China have several special fea-
tures, among them "irresistably
low prices." Because they do not
have to calculate cost price, the
Chinese are able to produce bi-
cycles for $20, treadle sewing ma-
chines for $10, staplers which sell
for one fifth the price of their
exact American counterparts, and
fountain pens which Middle East-
ern dealers buy for $1.25 per
- dozen.
Textile Machinery
In addition, the Reds are man-
ufacturing textile machinery, mo-
tors, batteries, toys, radio parts
and even trucks. Last year they
sold the United Arab Republic,
which was hitherto the producer
of the cheapest meat in the world,
one million pounds of frozen beef
and mutton at half the Egyptian
price.
Prof. Stowe explained that the
Chinese have no standard prices.
They constantly cut fees so that
theirs are always the best and
constantly study the world mar-
ket.
To inflict losses on their
ideological opponents, the Commu-
nists flood the market with goods
at prices their competitors cannot
hope to match. In addition, they
often make barter deals such as
a recent one with Cuba whereby
Red China in the next five years
buys 500 thousand tons of Cuban
sugar. Eighty per cent of the su-
gar will be paid for in Chinese
goods, and the rest in dollars
which Castro badly needs.
Seem Honest
The Communist Chinese are
developing a reputation for hon-
esty and punctuality in their deal-
ings. They are "razor sharp busi-
nessmen," Prof. Stowe said, "and
their deals are calculated to bring
democratic and capitalist nations
to their level and is far outclass-
ing anything done in the personal
contact and exchange field by the
Western democracies," Prof. Stowe
said.
Students File
O U1 .

Under the latter action, frater-
nities and sororities would have
to submit to the Vice-President
for Student Affairs copies of their
constitutions.
"This confidential file may be
examined by an appropriate and
responsible representative of the
Office of Student Affairs, the
president of SGC and the mem-
bership practices committee," the
motion says.
At present, the constitutions
must be submitted to the offices
of the deans of men and women.
The membership committee may
have to see them to carry out its
mandate.
SGC President John Feldkamp,
'61, will surrender his gavel to
present the motion. He will rec-
omment that final action be taken
at the Council's Nov. 1 meeting.
Wants Access
In his brief, prepared for to-
night's meeting, Feldkamp argues
that SGC should have access to
the constitutions to carry out its
authority, granted by the Univer-
sity Regents, to recognize and
withdraw recognition from stu-
dent organizations.
"Being the only University
agency charged with broad Juris-
diction over all student organiza-
tions, the Council may adopt pro-
cedures which will aid in carry-
ing out these functions," the brief
says.
Feldkamp points out that the
Committee on Student Affairs,
which had previously been charg-
ed with recognizing student or-
ganizations, had the authority to
obtain copies of the constitutions.
At present, constitutions are in
confidential files in the offices of
the Dean of Men and Dean of
Women.
Organizations need not submit
their entire constitutions, but only
such parts as will be asked in a
constitutional form the Council'
will publish. This means the Coun-
cil will not ask for parts of fra-
ternity and sorority constitutions
containing, for instance, secret
rituals.
Anticipates Opposition
Feldkamp anticipated that any
arguments against the motion
woull be: That the move is poor-
ly; that the Council should not
sure on organizations too quick-
ly; that hte Council should not
have this authority to begin with;
that rules of national fraternities
forbid local chapters to give out
copies of constitutions.
The Council president rejects
all three arguments.
SGC will also appoint the mem-
bership selection committee mem-
bers. A nominating committee in-
terviewed the candidates for the
four student positions on the com-
mittee last night, and will make
recommendations In executive
session tonight.

POINT ARGUELLO, Calif. (A')-
The United States failed yester-
day in its first try at putting an
electronic spy in the sky.
The first rocket in the hush-
hush series of Samos satellites-
designed to keep a constant watch
on potential enemies-fell short
of achieving orbit.
Samos I thundered off its pad
on a grassy knoll at this new
Navy space base at 12:34 p.m. and
headed south in what appeared a
perfect launch. Half an hour later
came word that its second stage
ignited. Two hours later came
this word:
Fails to Orbit
The second stage failed to or-
bit, for reasons unknown.
Air Force spokesmen said it
may be a day or more before it
is learned what went wrong.
Packed in Samos I's nose cap-
sule were instruments of a type
expected ultimately to outdo the
U2 at scanning Russia's heart-
land.

And, because of bitter Russian
protests over the U2 spy plane
shot down in Soviet territory last
May, Samos is loaded with politi-
cal implications.
The firsthSamos, like other early
shots in what is expected to be a
lengthy series, was experimental.
Aboard were cameras, plus in-
struments to measure cosmic ra-
diation and meteorites.
Decline Details
The Air Force declined to give
details, such as whether the cam-

Berels on, Questions PhD Stu

Nixon Seeks
Long Debate
SAN DIEGO, Calif. () - Vice-
President Richard M. Nixon to-
night proposed an expanded two-
hour television debate with Sen.
John P. Kennedy in place of the
fifth debate Kennedy has propos-
ed.
Nixon suggested that the fourth
debate already scheduled for Oct.
21 be turned over to the vice-pres-
identialcandidates. The two-hour
debate, Nixon proposed, would be
scheduled some time in the week
of Oct. 21-28.
Thus, if Nixon's idea is accept-
ed, the presidential candidates
would have only four TV debates
in all, although the last would be
enlarged to two hours.
The Nixon proposal was an-
nounced by his press secretary,
Herbert G. Klein. Klein said the
Vice-President has not yet receiv-
ed a formal wire from the net-
works concerning Kennedy's orig-
inal suggestion for a fifth debate.
But Klein said Nixon will make
the proposal as soon as he gets a
formal notification.
Klein also said Nixon wanted
the two hour debate to cover for-
eign policy, because "the focus of
the campaign is directed toward
foreign policy."
Klein said he did not think a
full answer on the Quemoy and
Matsu issue could be given in the
two and one half minutes allow-
ed on the one hour debate so far.
He suggested that the time for
answering questions and rebuttal
should be increased to five min-
utes.
Klein said "the Vice-President
has noticed comments by com-
mentators and columnists on loose
ends" left in the two one-hour de-
bates.

Attacks on the doctor of philoso-
phy as a narrow specialist with-
out broad understanding may de-
stroy the quality of American
scholarship, Prof. Bernard Berel-
son of Columbia University warn-
ed.
He labeled as failures recent at-
tempts to introduce general edu-
cation a n d interdepartmental
study into graduate study.
Prof. Berelson's warning came
from his analysis of graduate ed-
ucation in the United States. He
said that such reforms lead to
scattered and shallow, rather than
cohesive and deep, scholarship.
(Dean Ralph A. Sawyer of the
graduate school said that the in-
terdepartmental graduate courses
offered at the University are not
of the broad, experimental varie-
ty of which Prof. Berelson warn-
ed.)
Prof. Berelson, who will be at
the University for a conference on
education in about two weeks, be-
lieves that "poor writing and the
associated bad organization of
research and scholarly reports is
so general across the fields, so in-
dicative of unclear thinking and
analysis, and so costly of the time
and resources of others that some
intensive efforts at improving the
situation seems to be required."
Many Complaints
(Sawyer said that there have
always been complaints of this
nature. "I don't know that we get
more than we used to. Our stu-;
dents are carefully selected.")
Prof. Berelson pointed out that
only about 60 per cent of all doc-
toral graduates enter academicI
life compared with 80 per cent at
the turn of the century.
However, he dismissed as "ex-'
aggerated" the fears of shortages.'
Although the undergraduate en-I
rollment will probably double by
1970, stresses that the "productionI
of doctorates has doubled in
every ten-year period since 1900."t
Sawyer pointed out that there
are already doctor shortages in1
California and that many smaller
colleges and junior colleges are<
forced to hire instructors withouts
their doctorates.I
(Sawyer said that the shortage of
PhD's would be most felt in the
scientific fields such as physics,I
chemistry, mathematics and psy-
chology. He said that the shortaget

in the teaching field would not be
as great in the humanities.)
Urges Liberal Education
Prof. Berelson urged undergrad-
uate colleges to provide the kind
of liberal education on which
graduate schools can rely. He said
that the graduate schools gener-
ally do not want colleges to in-
crease the amount of specialized
training given to undergraduates.
They ask instead for intensified
general education at that level.

(Sawyer said that h
on the undergraduate
years of ggneral edu
two years of major co
was adequate.)*
Prof. Berelson said t
toral candidates should
actual teaching experi
(University educati
were not required but t
departments most of t
students work as teach
Sawyer explained.)

eras actually would try to radio
back pictures of the earth's sur-
face.
Samos, as an effective operating
system of surveillance satellites,
is believed a year or more away.
The goal is a satellite network
capable of beaming back, on call,
pictures of any point on earth--
pictures made either by conven-
tional or TV cameras. The sys-
tem is expected to map target
areas and spot army buildups of
troops or war supplies.

RISKS CONTEMPT CHARGE:
Pauling Denies Nai
To Senate CommiU
WASHINGTON (MP - Prof. Linus Pauling risked the
of a contempt of Congress citation yesterday by agains
name the scientists who helped him circulate petitions
a ban on nuclear weapons.
Pauling told Sen. Thomas J. Dodd, (D-Conn.), sitting
man subcommittee of the Senate Internal Security sub
"I am convinced that reprisals would be visited against th
subcommittee."
When the Nobel Prize winning chemist finally w
from the witness stand late in the day, Dodd declined

Samos takes over wl
left off, filling what e
sider a vital hole in U
intelligence: Determi
goes on inside Russia
terior.
Samos, because it v
to photograph any poi
is expected to be far
tive, and more flexible
It reportedly can be
a lens that will retur
equivalent to what a
would see at 100 feet

Down
Debate
Committee
bit To Consider
Arms Raee
here the U2
xperts con- soviet Premier Asks
nited States
fning what Full Assembly Talk;
a's vast in- U.S. Issues Rebuttal
will be able UNrTED NATIONS () - 'The
nt on earth, United Nations Assembly yester-'
more effec- day voted down an angry Soviet
,than U2's. Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev in
rigged with. his bid for a full dress airing of
n a picture the disarmament problem.
human eye Khushchev, in a stormy speech,
." had demanded the full Assembly
be the forum for the arms de-
bate rather than the less formal
Political Committee.
dy The Soviet leader, angered by
opposition to his demands for
full Assembly debate on his dis
he felt that armament proposals, told the 99-
e level two nation body that "if conditionsT
cation and are not created for disarmament
centration the arms race will go on."
High Rocket Production
hat all doc- He said rockets now are being
i have some produced like "sausages from s
ence. machine" and that if there is no
agreement:
on courses "There will be a. war and many
hat in some of us sitting here will not be here
he doctoral -perhaps all"
Ling fellows, pehsal.
lingfellws, It was a bitter, angry speech,,
far different from the first of
Khrushchev's two appearances on
the rostrum. In the first he had
been calm and read a prepared
statement without any show of
rmnes emotion, asking once again for a
s pring General Assembly session
in Europe or Russia at' heads of
r government level on disarmament
e alone.
Khrushchev warned: "I repeat,
possibility if war were to break out, it will
refusing to break out throughout the globe. If
refuing o war is to be foisted on us, we'll
calling for fight. We are not afraid of war.
We'll fight for our country and
g as a one- we'll gain the victory regardless
committee: of the sacrifice. But the losses
iem by this will be uncomfortable and appal-
ling, and you shall be responsible
as excused gentlemen."
to predict Wadsworth Replies
After Khrushchev finished this
off-the-cuff rebuttal, U.S. Am-
bassador James J. Wadsworth
took the rostrum for the second
time in right of reply. He told
the UN:
"If the intervention we have just
heard from the representative of
the Soviet Union is typical of
a reinstitu- what he will say in the disarma-
Communist ment debate, that is all the more
ate Univer- reason why it should not be held
that they in this chamber."
ising num- Khrushchev insists that dis-
res to WSU armament should not be discuss-
. Hillberry ed in the 99-nation Political Com-
mittee, which would be the nor-
ign, which malr ourse of events, but on the
of 25,000 floor of a full Assembly meeting
gainst the Rebukes Khrushchev
weeks ago In a tone of sharp rebuke,
overnors. Wadsworth said:
around the "If anyone wants publicity he
lnne Byer-can get it in the Political Com-
nger, lead- mittee, too. The speeches there
group, said are repeated, the pictures are on
dents and television and in newspapers. But
h the uni- this is not the kind of subject
Li thethat lends itself to levity. This is

not the kind of subject that lends
Itself to waving of arms and shout-
ing."
"When the delegate of the So-
viet Union tells us that if you will
accept his principles for disarma-
ment, he will, give you any kind
of controls you want, I can tell
you that it's not true."

whether Pauling might be cited
for contempt.
"It will be a matter for the
whole committee to decide when
it reviews the record," Dodd told
newsmen. "The record will speak
for itself.",
Dodd said the subcommittee
plans no further questioning of
Prof. Pauling, a professor at the
California Institute of Technology,
"unless something else comes up."
The scientist had first refused to
provide the names last June 21
and was ordered to provide them
later. His appearance today follow-
a futile fight in court against the
order.
The spectators displayed their
biggest reaction when J. G. Sour-
wine, the subcommittee counsel,
asked Pauling whether he knew
a Japanese signer of the anti-
nuclear petition, physicist Kideki
Yukawa, had won the Lenin prize.
Pauling replied he didn't know
that, but was aware the Japanese
scientist, like himself, had won
the Nobel Prize for chemistry.

To Prote
WSU Bai
Petitioners seekinga
tion of a ban againstt
speakers at Wayne Sta
sity claimed yesterday
would present a "surpr
ber" of protest signatur
President Clarence B
later this week.
The protest campa
had an original goal
signatures, is aimed a
lifting of the ban three
by WSU's Board of G
Signatures from alla
state were solicited, A
lein and Donald Lobsir
ers of the petitioning g
Both are Detroit resi
are not associated wit:
versity.

DEVELOPMENT, UNDERSTANDING:
Bretton Explains African. Needs

By JUDY BLEIER
"There's no fundamental difference between that naked savage
beating on his drum and you who are sitting here," Prof. Henry L.
Bretton of the political science department told a group of women
students last night in the Michigan League.
His speech entitled "Let's Look at the African Problem" was the
second in a series of lectures and discussions sponsored by the Michi-
gan League for Women's Week.
"The problem which we have before us is one in which we have
really only scratched the surface," Prof. Bretton began. Africa is
called the Dark Continent because we have not known much about
it until recently.
Lack of Information
One major difficulty in understanding the problem lies in sources
of information. "Most of the literature on Africa is worthless except
if you are interested in entertainment," he said.
t d kt R- n sv . e. . ___ i _ .ro -- . . i. - 411 ..3 ,,,, - -. ,. . .3.,9 MU .

is Patrice Lumumba. I am never convinced when the press goes to
work on someone with their hatchets," he commented.
In selling Africa to the American people there are two basic
problems to overcome: 1. To deny the falsifications of literature and
the press and 2. To overcome the shock which sets in when things go
wrong, such as in the Congo. "This shock," he said, "affects Ameri-
cans of both parties. Both include racial bigots and isolationists, and
there will be more of these shocks."
/ Another obstacle which we encounter is the fact that "political,
economic monstrosities" are now seated in the United Nations. "These
African nations are all products of a series of diplomatic accidents,"
Prof. Bretton said. They are not nations, only a series of tribes or
groupings, he explained.
Create Blocks
He said the Europeans, Americans and Russians are out to
"create blocks" in Africa. They feel that for their own protection
the more states there are, the better it is.

ATO Chapters
Set to Ratify
Local Release
In a story appearing in th
Daily Californian, the Universit
of California Alpha Tau Omega
chapter said that with the fina
ratification of an amendment b
two-thirds of the chapters, the
would be able to comply with th
university's fraternity membershij
policy.
The California ATO chapte
vaA ++a i~.01s nl t- -.ll a