Up from the Jungle

Seventieth Year
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NIXON-KENNEDY DEBATE:
Candidates Demonstratel
CampaignA ppro aches...
By JAMES SEDER
Daily Staff Writer
VICE-PRESIDENT Richard M. Nixon and Sen. John F. Kennedy are
apparently basing their campaign on the same theory: that Ken-
nedy's chief appeal lies in the area of domestic policy and that Nixon
must win on the issue of experience in dealing with foreign policy
questions.
This view was reinforced by last night's radio-TV debate by the
two candidates. For example, on the first question thrown out to the
candidates-a question about experience for leadership-the candidates

Y, SEPTEMBER 27, 1960

NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS

4


Rising Faculty Mobility
Creates New Tensions

F ACULTY MOBILITY is a strange phenome-.
non-its causes are vague and the frustra-
tions and tensions which increase or diminish
it change, continually and inconsistantly.
There has been a steady increase in faculty
trover at the University for the past few
years. Some of the problems which have pro-
duced this are relatively clear-but they are
becoming rapidly less so.
The pervasive pessimism of last year's finan-
cial crisis has not quite vanished, but it has
been diminished and transformed into a kind
Of guarded optimism, a sense that things may,
at last, be on the way up.
Part of this has come from simply living
through two years of a sense of crisis-even
hanging by your nails on the brink of a cliff
loses its terror eventually. In this case the nail-
hold has gotten gradually firmer, through
monetary driblets from the Legislature, and
somewhat firmer support from the Regents
in the form of a strategic salary raise in the
tace of the serious financial situation.
But if the worry over insufficient equipment,
or lack of money to pay assistants has waned;
If the innocent questions at parties-"Oh, are
you people getting paid this year?"-have
lost their sting, new tensions and frustrations
have taken their place.
FACUTY MOBILITY - the coming and
going of teachers within the various
colleges and universities-is way up this year.
This decade has brought a huge demand for
the highly trained college teacher. The aca-
demic marketplace has become a seller's mar-
ket. And talent is more in demand than ever
before.
All over the country colleges and univer-
sities set up programs to attract the brilliant
men. Inter-disciplinary programs which suit
the talents of one type of man are expressly
developed for him: departments out-bid each
other in an attempt to get the best possible
people
In this constant competition for the most
shining lights, the University both gets and
loses its share. Three of the top men in math
left during the last two years, and under-
graduates moan that the department has
dropped from third to fifteenth in the country
In Defense of Ea
P OBABLY one of the most highly coveted
privileges around campus during the week
before classes is the early registration pass.
This semester almost 950 students legitimately
participated in this semi-annual ritual and an
unknown number through illicit channels.
Upon closer consideration, however, early
registration is a necessary institution, and the
work of its administrators, the Early Registra-
tion Committee of the Student Government
Council, is highly underrated.
Many outraged cries arise about the disad-
vantage taken of early registration as the
numbers of privileged recipients of these
passes seem to increase every semester.
E Early Registration Committee performs
an inglorious Job which should rightfully be
performed by the administration were it not
for the expense of employees and the time con-
simed in investigation. This committee simply
idministers University policy on Early Regis-
tration which states that students employed 15
htours a week or more, or who spend that much
time in campus activities including orientation,
may register and make out their class sched-
early. The Committee requires a letter
rrmthe employer of persons wishing to -reg-
later early and checks carefully into the rec-
ords of students on athletic teams and other
campus activities to verify these claims.
Whether students participating in campus
activities should be denied the convenience of
going through the registration process and
making out their programs with an eye to-
ward their extra-curricular activities should
iot be a topic for controversy.
curricular and extra-curricular aspects
of education at a large University such as
this cannot be separated. Both are integral
components of a liberal education.

The requirements of admission and the
standards of competition hardly make this
University a mecca for full-time amateur foot-.
ball players or professional student govern-
ment leaders. Yet the broadening and stimulat-
ing activities that this University provides can
be invaluable experiences. The University bene-
fits from these people as well, for those stu-
dents have the desire and ability to contribute
to the functioning of some of its varied as-
pects. They, along with students who have the
responsibility of outside employment added to
their studies, should be aided in planning a
program which will permit these activities.
THIS year's early registration committee has
been more successful than most in eliminat-
ing the abuse of early registration passes.
Poase were zanter1 nnly o tnudernts who rea-

because of it. But it has gained men like
Chicago's Savage in return, showing that, for
whatever reason, the University retains its
power to draw top men from everywhere.
BUT THIS ERA of constant lures creates
a kind of tension in the University. A man
is more likely to move on now, to other schools
which boast better departments in his field,
to an appointment which will allow him more
time for research and fewer class hours, or
to a department which is more research than
teaching-oriented.
On the other hand, there are other stresses
which make a man stay. The University evokes
a great deal of loyalty both to itself as an
institution, and, especially in the stronger
departments, to the departments within the
discipline. The five top men in the philosophy
department, Dean Heyns reports, have received
substantial offers from other institutions
during the period of financial crisis. Not one
man has left. This kind of general loyalty can
make a teacher withstand general frustrations
-the Legislature, the size, even the lack of
equipment.
But there are frustrations peculiar to the
University that make men go elsewhere. Vice-
President Niehuss said very carefully that
"there may be some men who feel that the
University isn't moving." A professor added
that the University seemed to lack the moral
leadership required to give it a sense of total
community, that the institution is simply a
conglomeration of colleges and schools banded
together by a name.
It is this feeling that tends to further the
association of a professor with his discipline
rather than his university, a stratification
which is taking place already too fast for the
good of the institution as a whole.
lfH E UNIVERSITY is living with itself this
year, with a kind of uneasy peace, a sense
of tension and indefiniteness that needs to be
resolved by some kind of unifying purpose
if the colleges are not to fragment into tightly
knit departments, the departments into in-
dividuals working for their disciplines and
the University as an institution, cease to exist.
-FAITH WEINSTEIN
irly Registration
Unfortunately, this disadvantage cannot be
easily halted. The craftiness of our student
population who fill out double sets of registra-
tion forms or sneak into the registration tables
with freshman orientation groups is hard to
keep track of.
Changes in the administration of this pro-
gram must constantly be made in order to
check and control these abuses.
However, the intent of early registration
passes is not to confer an honor reward or
privilege, but is to provide a necessary and
worthy convenience. It should not be condemn-
ed simply because it has been abused.
-IJNDA REISTMAN
on T oda's Page
fI EEDITORIAL PAGE you read today looks
more familiar than Sunday's theme page.
The two forms of editorial page have much in
common and some differences.
Each item on today's page purports to cover
its particular subect thoroughly, though the
writers have limited their topics appropriately.
The writer of the series, for instance, has
divided a broad subject-distribution require-
ments-into several component aspects of it
to avoid an unwieldy, hard-to-organize single
article. This coverage is different from that
of the pro-con editorial or topical page, where
the breaking down of an issue results in
views that may contradict each other directly.
On today's page you may expect to read
each item as distinct from the one running
next to it or above it. Sunday's discussion
of the desegregation issue, I think, is most
effective and informative taken as a whole,
although each item was deemed worthy of
sampling. Items on the theme page are
generally meant to be examined in that con-
text as well as on their own merits.

LIKE THE separate articles on this page, any
article on a topical page and either side
of a pro-con editorial debate must be judged
separately by the Editorial Director's standards
of logic, responsibility and good taste. These
criteria are general and subject to interpreta-
tion. Readers are more likely to question the
Editorial Director's judgment in treatment
of hotly disputed issues.
Accepting fair presentation of controversy
as a responsibility of the press, the Editorial
Director must realize the danger of subjective
judgment and act accordingly. Knowing that
my judgment is fallible, I-still must face the
obligation to deal with controversy. I do not
wish to avoid issues where conflicting opinions
exist - such issues demand explication and
Pa.,nl,,+nn hit Mi lpf *nlr,+nm mvnhf A f 1


WALTER LIPPMAN:
The U.S. Double Role at the UN

took significantly different tacks.
Kennedy mentioned his experi-
ence on the Senate committee on
labor. But he significantly did not
mention at this time that he was
also a member of the Senate Com-
mittee on Foreign Relations and
chairman of that committee's sub-
committee on Africa.
Many political observers believe
that Kennedy could build a plaus-
ible case for his experience on the
Foreign Relations Committee be-
ing° comparable to Nixon's ex-
perience within the Administra-
tion. He has not done so, because
he wants to focus as little atten-
tion as possible.on the question of
experience in foreign policy.
IT IS ALSO significant that
-Nixon's appraisal of his own qual-
ifications listed two experiences in
foreign affairs and only one con-
cerning domestic affairs. This was
his anti-inflation study committee.
This reference could have been
designed to keep Republicans
happy without alienating Demo-
crats or independents- inflation
is something everyone is against.
Kennedy's approach followed the
trail laid down by former Presi-
dent Harry Truman in his 1948
election fight with Thomas Dewey.
Truman presented a clear, dy-
namic picture of a progressive,
liberal and active national gov-
ernment. He sought to rally people
to him on the basis of what he and
his party would do for people.
Kennedy, like Truman, is attempt-
ing to create a picture of a dy-
namic federal government. "One
party is ready to move on these
programs (various social welfare
legislation)-the other is not,"
the senator said at one point. "If
you feel that everything being
done now is satisfactory . . . I
think you should vote for Mr.
Nixon," he said later.
. . .
ESSENTIALLY, Nixon is taking
the Dewpy approach. He is trying
not to alienate anyone by his
domestic program. He favors most
of what Kennedy favors, but less
of it.
Nixon, of course, differs from the
Dewey approach in one highly
significant respect. Dewey carried
his approach over into the foreign
policy areas. It is in this area
where Nixon is actively trying to
build his image of vigorous leader-
ship.
One question by a reporter
probably hurt Nixon. This was in
reference to President Eisen-
hower's comment at a press con-
ference a few weeks ago that he
could not recall any specific sug-
gestions of Nixon's which were
adopted. Nixon managed to eke
out a plausible answer, but it
sounded somewhat lame. And,
more important, mere repetition
of this incident hurt the vice-
president by tarnishing his image
of experienced leadership.
This debate will probably help
Kennedy more than Nixon, since
it was designed to cover domestic
issues. But the two candidates
probably expected this. Nixon's
chance will come when they de-
bate foreign affairs.

AT THE CAMPUS:
'Jazz'
SAY that "Jazz on a Summer
Day" is an unusual and re-
freshing documentary is like say-
ing that Charlie Chaplin was a
good comedian. He was, of course,
a very good comedian indeed. But
he was so much more. He re-
defined nearly everything he did.
"Jazz on a Summer Day" is' not
a standard documentary. It does
not begin, for instance, with the
voice of a narrator explaining
something to the effect that every
summer for so many years the
customarily quiet town of New-
port, Rhode Island, has been the
scene of an increasingly popular,
and profitable, jazz festival. (The
film was shot in 1959.)
Nothing like that. It never ex-
plains. It does begin, on the other
hand, with shots of wiggling
shadows reflected in the water,
and the music of Jimmy Giuffre
and Bob Brookmeyer in the back-
ground; a visual impression of
fluid sounds. The film then cuts to
a profile shot of. Giuffre and
Brookmeyer, Giuffre playing In
the foreground and bobbing in
and out of the shot while Brook-
meyer's trombone glistens in the
background.
THE CAMERA occasionally
moves, of course, but the general
impression is that it is stationary.
Shot with a telephoto lens, the
effect is of two musicians, both
on the same plane, moving in and
out of the picture. This is one of
the film's more enchanting tech-
niques.
It is, then, a candid, impression-
istic film, done with taste, humor,
and a technical facility that only
occasionally intrudes - as when
the focus of a particular shot is
too drastically changed. It records
with innocence the successive
groups and the audience's reac-
tion. Although a complete cata-
logue would be impossible and un-
necessary, there are many "human
interest" shots, such as that of a
girl oblivious to the music and
reading a paperback copy of "Ca-
mille."
IT IS,, FRANKLY, difficult to
review such a film. Its best quali-
ties involve an uncanny juxtaposi-
tion of sight and sound and vol-
ume. Unearthly effects are occa-
sionaly achieved, for example,
with intense close-ups of certain
musicians-notably Chico Hamil-
ton - while the volume of the
music would seem to place them
a block away, like sitting in the
back row with binoculars.
All in all, a memorable film.
The short is also a cut above the
average-a short story reminiscent
of Poe, and filmed in Ireland. The
Cartoon comes from Hollywood.
--.L.F.

',

THIS country has a double role
in its relations with the United
Nations and during the past few
hectic days we have acted in both
roles. In the one we are one of
the members, in our legal rights
like all the others except that we
are one of the five great powers
with a permanent seat and the
right of veto in the Security Coun-
cil. In our other role we are the
host of the United Nations or-
ganization in New York. a role in
which we have special duties and
responsibilities, some of them
written and some of them unwrit-
ten.
In the second and special role
we are committed to something
more than the defense and pro-
motion of our own national inter-
ests-to something more than the
defense of our own alliance. We
are committed to the defense and
promotion of the United Nations
as a world institution. We are
committed to the protection, not
only of the physical presence of
its buildings and its members on
Manhattan Island, but also to the
protection of its dignity and its
authority. The United Nations is
a universal society and all the
world has access to it. Its dignity
and authority require that all
shall have access who have a
legitimate right to come to its
headquarters, and that includes
even non-members seeking re-
dress against what they regard as
their grievances.
***
IT IS A COMPLETE misunder-
standing of the special character
of our relations with the UN to
speak of Khrushchev, Castro, Ka-
dar, and the others, as "unwel-
come and uninvited guests." They
are not in New York as the guests
of the United States or of anyone
else. They received no invitations
from anyone and they needed
none.
The fact that they are not wel-
come to Americans has nothing to
do with anything. They are here
because, whatever we may think
of them, their governments are
members in good standing of the
United Nations, and we are com-
mitted to defend their right to be
here.
We are under no obligation, of
course, to grant them the right to
do more than to have free access
to the United Nations. They are
not visitors to the United States,
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
before 2 p.m. two days preceding
publication.
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27
General Notices

and they have no unrestricted
right of travel. Whether the re-
strictions imposed on Khrushchev
and Castro were smart is another
question. Mr. K. was able to make
a bigger show in Harlem, which
is open to him, than he could
have made by spending his nights
on Long Island. The official who
designed the restrictions on Mr.
K. and Castro seems not to have
been told that the main and open-
ing theme of the Assembly turned
on the admission of thirteen Ne-
gro republics.
. . .*
OUR COMMITMENT to the UN
is deeper and is older than the lo-
cation of its headquarters in New
York. Indeed the headquarters
were located in New York because
we pleaded for this and persuaded
our allies, including at the time
the Soviet Union, to vote for
New York. The argument, which
for my own part I never agreed
with, was that instead of placing
the UN in a small* and neutral
country, it should be placed in the
United States. Why? Because this
was the only way to make sure
that, unlike 1919 when we repudi-
ateddthe League of Nations, we
would stay in the United Nations.
In any event, the United Na-
tions is in New York, and its
presence there is a monument to
the fact that twice in this cen-
tury, after each of the world wars
we have been the principal chain-

pions of a universal society to
maintain the peace. This is what
confers upon us the privileges and
the duties, and the vexations of
our second and special role.
* 4 *
AVE SHOULD PLAY this role
proudly. We should realize that
the defense of the UN, as the Con-
go is demonstrating, is the de-
fense of our true interest in Afri-
ca-which is to remain in contact
and in collaboration with the new
African states. What is more, it
may yet come to pass that the
UN, if it lives through its great
ordeal in Africa, will provide the
means for an accommodation in
Berlin. There are many things
that are harder to imagine than
that.
In the second and special role
we have more at stake, and there
is more to be won or lost, then
there is in the lesser role of giv-
ing tit-for-tat with the Soviet Un-
ion. The two candidates might
well think about that and they
might lift their sights from the
scuffle with Mr. K. to the nobler
role which, inherited from our
history, is now confirmed and
made tangible by the building on
the East River.
The place for the American na-
tion is above the scuffle, not in
the midst of it. For we have
greater things to do than to rattle
around throwing adjectives at Mr.
K.
(c) 1960 New York Herald Tribune, Inc.

DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS:
13ackg round For Suggested Changes.

(EDITOR'S NOTE: Last Thurs-
day, literary college officials re-
vealed that the college's curricu-
lum committee has prepared a re-
port for the rest of the faculty
recommending major changes in
certain areas of the distribution
reqiuirements. This is the first in
a series of articles on these ree-
ommendations and on the distribu-
tion requirements in general.)
By ROBERT FARRELL
A LIBERAL arts college is
intended to give a broad ed-
ucation to its students, but it must
also see that each graduate has
a depth of knowledge in one area
of academic study. To insure that
all its graduates fulfill these de-
mands, an institution must have
some sort of regulations as to the
courses students must take.
The form these take in the Uni-
versity's literary college is one of
the more common types in Ameri-
can institutions, the "distribution
requirements-concentration" type.
This type is one in which each stu-
dent is required to have, before
he is granted his degree, a certain
number of credits in several (if-
ferent specified fields of study, as
well as a large number of credits
within his one "maJor" field.
According to the announce-
ment of the literary college, the
distribution requirements are
formulated in order "to provide all
students with a broad intellectual
P.vnP'Cinna in the mon fie1d nf

In the Middle Ages, it was
thought that an education con-
sisted of studies in the classics,
in Latin and Greek, in history and
in the accepted theology and phi-
losophy of the day. The universi-
ties were conceived of as recep-
tacles of learning, the faculties
as its keepers.
Then the emphasis changed,
first in Germany, then elsewhere;
the previous idea that the univer-
sities were merely receptacles of
learning became a belief that they
were only centers in the search
for it, and that the faculties were
not only learned, but also leaders
in this search. Professors were no
longer teachers in factual or dog-
matic learning, but instructors in
the ability to think, to reason, and
to hunt down knowledge and
verity.
DISCIPLINES CHANGED, grew
and multiplied. The study of the
nature of the world became
natural philosophy, and then
science. The study of man evolved
and became psychology, anthro-
pology, sociology and political
science.
As this occured, the breadth
of an education became a worri-
some point. Before, "educated
man" had meant something
specific. Now, it had to be decided
whethev knnwledgeo nf on field

foreign language, the social
sciences, the natural sciences
(the physical and biological
sciences both being included), the
humanities (including literature
and the fine arts) and either
mathematics or philosophy, in ad-
dition to the departmental con-
centration requirements.
(This statement of their form is
only general-a. detailed listing
of the courses which will fulfill
each part of the requirements has
been made by the college.)
* * *
HOW WELL does the present
program succeed in doing what it
was set up to do?
This . question has' been re-
peatedly answered by faculty and
students-it fails in many ways.
In 1958, a faculty committee
prepared a report calling for a
major revamping of the natural
science distribution requirements,
They said three departments
watered down their distribution
courses to attract a large number
of students to subsidize graduate
students through their teaching
fellow programs.
* * *
LAST YEAR, the literary college
curriculum committee issued re-
commendations to the faculty
calling for major reforms in the
social science distribution pro-
gram.

trouble in this course-it's the
first real mathematics course I've
had."
The basic courses in this are
tied too much to specific calcula-
tion techniques and seemingly ar-
bitrary collections of facts rather
than the closely reasoned study
of some general area that advanc-
ed courses contain.
This same complaint that the
basic courses used for distribution
credit should, but do not, belong
to their fields has also been level-
ed at other areas, and is perhaps
true of all of them to some extent.
* *' *
THIS IS THE general back-
ground for last week's announce--
ment that the curriculum commit-
tee has prepare'd recommendations
for the faculty of the literary
college urging a major overhaul
of the mathematics-philosophy,
requirement, together with the
placement of philosophy in the
humanities area and a rise in
the humanities requirement from
a two-semester sequence to 12
credits.
It also asks for the splitting of
the natural science area into two
parts-one containing astronomy,
chemistry and physics and the
other containing the remaining
sciences-with work required in
each of these areas.
The final report of the commit-