WHY SUPPORT APARTHEID? See Editorial Page Yi e due 43UU ~~Iait CLOUDY High--70 Low-45 Turning cooler with showers Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom VOL. LXXV, No. 17-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, MAY 27, 1965 SEVEN CEN TS FOUR PAGES Witnesses Refuse To Answer HUAC Rain Keeps Some Pickets Away; Many Subpoenaed Raise Objections By The Associated Press CHICAGO-Most witnesses refused to answer questions yesterday at a stormy session of the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Outside, pickets-both for and against the hearings-decreased markedly from yesterday's turnout of over 800, at least in part be- cause of the rainy weather. U.S. marshals evicted from the hearings 12 people who they charged disturbed the proceedings by shouting and unruly conduct. The briskest action of the day came when David Englestein was on the stand. Alfred Nittle, committee counsel, asked ifnEnglestein --knew Yolanda Hall-another wit- i Block Rights Rider To Union Shop Ban WASHINGTON (P)-Backers of a bill that would abolish state laws banning the union shop moved yesterday to head off a civil rights fight that could add new fuel to the emotional issue. They succeeded in blocking a civil rights rider that Rep. Adam Clayton Powell (D-NY) had planned to offer to the bill, but only by promising to push separate legislation designed to overcome dis- crimination in labor unions. The fight over section 14B of the Taft-Hartley Act, which permits states to outlaw union shop agreements between labor and manage- -- Senate 'Rights Approves MVeasure by Center To Study Languages NORMAN THOMAS Professors Hit HUAC Loyalty Oaths By CHARLOTTE WOLTER In light of the controversy over the new House Un-American Ac- tivities Committee hearings, sev- eral University professors were asked to express their opinions on the nature and function of the committee. Debate has arisen con- cerning the suitability of the com- mittee to the spirit pf a democra- tic society. The concensus among University faculty and students seems to be that HUAC is neither desirable nor useful as an instru- ment to fight Communism. Prof. Jack Walker of the politi- cal science department, in analyz- ing the committee, called HUAC an "anachronism." He said that it was formed in the 1930's to expose and discredit revolutionary elements in the society, primarily as a reaction to the New Deal. Lowest in Prestige Walker rated the committee as one of the lowest in prestige among the House committees. Its membership consisting mainly of conservative Republicans and Southern Democrats. However, one new member of the committee, Representative Weltner (D-Ga- Atlanta) is considered a liberal because of his vote for the civil rights bill. It was Representative Weltner who introduced the idea for the committee's investigation of the Ku Klux Klan. Walker thought the most dan- gerous and undesirable aspect of the committee was the idea of a federal agency free to expose and disgrace citizens for their political views. Prof. Norman C. Thomas, also of the political science department, said that there are only limited and restricted benefits from a House committee going around the country with a road show to in- vestigate professors and students. In his opinion HUAC and loyalty oaths were no way to counter a subversive menace. Values other than merely exposing these groups are needed, he said. Political Move Prof. Marc Pilisuk of the Mental Health Research Institute, and an active member of the Inter-Uni- versity Committee for a Public Hearing on Viet Nam found the idea of a HUAC investigation of the KKK a political move to try to justify HUAC's existence. For those concerned with the civil liberties of people to free and open hearing, investigation of the KKK is no better than any inyestigation of any group for its ideology. Al- though KKK members break laws, he said, no new legislation is need- ness-while he was an instructor at the Chicago Worker's school Nittle charged that the school was a "Communist indoctrination center." Attorney Objects Thomas P. Sullivan, attorney for Mrs. Hall, hurried forward to object. Marshals, apparently re- garding him as out of order, led him back to his chair. Sullivan got up again and asked that any testimony by or about his client be heard in closed ses- sion. Rep. Joe R. Pool (D-Texas) who was presiding at that time, ordered marshals to seat Sullivan, but Sullivan seated himself. The committee turned down the re- quest for a closed session. Sullivan represents Dr. Jere- miah Stamler, widely known au- thority on heart disease, and Mrs. Hall, an assistant to Dr. Stamler at the Chicago Board of Health. , Both have been subpoenaed but neither had taken the witness stand up to the second day of the three-day hearing. The final day of the hearing begins this morn- ing. 'FBI Has It' I Sullivan argued that informa- tion now being placed before the committee had been given to the Federal Bureau of Investigation years ago for any action the gov- ernment wished to take on it. He also argued that witnesses before the committee were being denied the right to cross-exam- ination. Attorneys for all the sibpoenaed witnesses made requests that the entire hearings be held in private, but the committee denied the re- quest. Irving S. Steinberg, one of the lawyers, said he based his motion on a Supreme Court decision ex- cluding stale evidence from the courts. He said most of the testi- mony taken yesterday dated to 1959. Six Refuse The six witnesses refused to an- swer most questions. One, Lewis Diskin, asserted that the commit- tee is "blatantly illegal." Some of the spectators applauded. He also contended that at least one member of the committee was from a district which restricted the right to vote. Chairman Ed- win E. Willis, a Denocrat, com- mented: "In my district-the 3rd of Louisiana-57 per cent of the non-white people of voting age were registered at the last elec- tion and most of them did vote." Diskin was followed to the wit- ness stand by Englestein, Milton Cohen, Ben Friedlander, Charles Wilson and Wilberforce Cox Jones. All are Chicagoans. All have been subpoenaed. , Cohen walked out on the hear- ing. Rep. Pool said he will urge that the full committee charge Cohen with contempt. While the witnesses cited a wide array of amendments, the com- mittee accepted the 5th, which protects a witness from giving testimony that might incriminate him. ment, already appears to be one of the most inflammatory of the session. In hope of limiting the con- troversy as much as possible, sup- porters of the legislation want to restrict it to a repeal of 14B and not go into any other sections of the Taft-Hartley Act. Amend Section However, Powell would amend another section of the act to make it an unfair labor practice for a union to discriminate on the basis of race, particularly in apprentice- ship programs. Ten of the 19 states that havel laws banning the union shop are1 in the South and Powell says he fears the Negro worker might be harmed even more if 14B were re- pealed and the Negro had to deal with a hostile union. Powell was reported planning to propose his amendment before a House labor subcommittee yester- day but he didn't appear. No ex- planation was given for his ab- sence. It was learned later that leading Democrats on Powell's Education and Labor Committee have offer- ed an alternate approach and are trying to win support for it both from Powell and organized labor. Civil Rights Act They would amend the fair em- ployment practices section of last He added to achieve means: that the center hopes this goal by four "The basic objective of the newly established Center for Re- search on Language and Language Behavior is to enable people of all ages and abilities to learn lan- guages more effectively," Prof. Eric M. Zale of Eastern Michigan University and director of dis- semination for the center, said recently. By KAY EMERICK ADAM CLAYTON POWELL Two-Man Presidency !?t"MihJ-1giw -Basic research on language Ilearning with people of all ages and levels of language profi- ciency; -Activities to improve the tech- niques of language learning; -Applied research to field test instructional techniques, mate- rials and devices; -Distribution of information for the enhancement of research, development and instruction in language learning. Linguistic Competence Today's world demands linguis- tic competence in an ever-increas- ing number of people, Zale said. Scientific research has contributed much toward the improvement of methods and materials in lan- guage teaching. But a greater ef- fort is needed to co-ordinate the work of scientists and educators concerned with different facets of language study and to carry out comprehensive and integrated re- search. The center began operating last The center is an outgrowth of the Behavioral Analysis Labora- tory (BAL) which was organized in 1960 by Prof. Harlan L. Lane of the psychology department and the present director of the new center. Lane, while working at the BAL with specialists in fields other than psychology, conceived of a' center particularly designed to correlate all research in language and language behavior which would appeal to all people work- ing in that area, regardless of their field of specialization. The center currently employs 36 people, among them specialists in the fields of linguistics, psy- chology, electrical engineering, education, acoustics, speech cor- rection and sociology. Cataloging Research Zale said that the center is now in process of cataloging all re- search in language and language behavior currently being done around the country. A brochure describing the cen- ter is being published. "It is hoped that many researchers in the United States will be attracted by the unique opportunities the cen- ter offers for research now and in the future," Zale said. These opportunities include not only the centralization of special- ists and equipment, but also the availability of many reference materials, Zale explained. Present plans for publicizing and expanding the center call for the publication of an abstract journal noting all articles pub- lished which relate in any way to language or language behavior, and the establishment of a com- plete language research library that will become a universal source for any material pertain- ing to language research. It is hoped, Zale said, that these meas- ures, the library, will lead to broader financial support from foundations and organizations. L1J e7 UE.t'I U'U-'.I N EiC year's civil rights act to make its enforcement provisions stricter. LA PAZ, Bolivia (A)-Bolivia's The Fair Employment Practices ruling military junta was reshuf- Commission doesn't take effect fled yesterday to establish a two- until July 1. Furthermore, many man joint presidency while spor- liberals were disappointed by the adic fighting continued between enforcement procedures Congress the army and tin miners. approved. 3 J 7 1 General Alfredo Ovando, com- The act now requires court ac- month and i mander of Bolivia's, armed forces, tion to enforce it. Under the pro- in 25 differen moved up to share the presidency posal, enforcement would be vest- utilizing comp with Rene Barrientos, an air force ed in the FEPC itself. A separate equipment va general. bill to accomplish this was sug- The two men shared the presi- gested. Powell's committee would One projec dency for a few hours last Novem- have jurisdiction over such legis- with compute to-Instructo nyber after the overthrow of Presi- lto. developed ucby dent Victor Paz Estenssoro. Ovan- Powell was reported willing to ters scientist do was forced to resign in the go along with such an approach loudness, and face of public demonstrations if it is acceptable to House lead- cadns against him. ers and the civil rights and labor caion. Political Maneuvering organizations backing repeal of The purpos Ovando's return to the co-presi- 14B. extend the dency climaxes nearly a week of President Johnson faces a pos- speech teachin political maneuvering and bitter sibly tough fight in Congress' - out if it can fighting in the wake of a gen- especially in the House-in try- dent's individ °ral strike that has virtually im- ing to repeal 14B. A recent poll sonant respon mobilized the country. in the House showed that he had mation from Ovando negotiated the truce only a slim possible majority muscles and b Tuesday which ended most of the there; he should have less trou- T .w fighting between the army and ble in the Senate. The clause has This would miners, been in effect since the Taft- ward the dev Yesterday, however, miners were Hartley Act was passed in 1946. tomatic speec said to have fired at an army post near Catavi, 280 miles south INFIGHTING D S UTES of La Paz.C0h, The fighting was reported by Defense Minister Hugo Suarez who accused the miners of break-e ing the cease-firep One Purpose s currently involved nt research projects, puting and measuring lued at $300,000. ct being conducted rs is the Speech Au- al Device. This was a group of the cen- s. It teaches pitch, rhythm in pronun- e of the project is to usefulness of the :g device and to find also check the stu- .ual vowel and con- nses by using infor- his voice, speech reath. also contribute to- velopment of an au- .h recognition system. Voting 77-19 Third Ballot Ends 25-Day Arguments Southern Senators Call Bill 'Diabolical, Perverted Attack' WASHINGTON (,) - Am i d echoes of a bitter southern assault, the Senate yesterday passed Pres- ident Lyndon B. Johnson's Negro Voting Rights Bill and sent it to the House. After a 25-day debate, John- son's top-priority measure won Senate passage on a 77-19 roll call vote. The bill calls for a court chal- lenge of state poll taxes. Terms of Bill The following are terms of the bill: -Any state or county with a 20 per cent nonwhite population which used a literacy test or sim- ilar device in enrolling voters for last year's election and which had registration or voter turnout of less than 50 per cent in that elec- tion will be subject to a literacy test ban by federal authorities. This covers Louisiana, Ala- bama, Mississippi, Georgia and South Carolina; sections of North Carolina and Virginia; two sparse- ly settled election districts in Alaska and Apache County, Ari- zona. -The government could send federal examiners to register voters in any county where less than 25 per cent of the adult Negro population is registered. --Special census surveys would be authorized, on Justice Depart- ment request, to determine exactly what areas that would cover. As the bill stands, sponsors say this provision would affect some counties in Tennessee, Florida and Texas. -In areas not covered auto- matically, the Attorney General could go to court seeking proof of discrimination in voting, an order for appointment of examiners and the suspension of literacy tests. 100 Years "It has taken us 100 years to catch up with this problem," said Senate Minority Leader Everett M. Dirksen of Illinois who helped white the bill and chart its course through the Senate. "Not since reconstruction has the Senate permitted this Union to be so perverted and subjected to such a diabolical attack,"'said Sen. Allen J. Ellender, (D-La) one of the bill's opponents. The outcome was never in doubt. Sixty-six senators-more than enough to pass the measure -sponsored it in the first place. Major Hurdle The major hurdle was cleared Tuesday when the Senate voted to impose cloture. "I am confident that the bill is constitutional and will stand up before the Supreme Court," Dirk- sen said. "Many senators have rubber stamped a vicious proposal merely to please the President and an entourage of demagogues which prevailed upon him to take the lead," Allen J. Ellender (D-La) said. And he charged the Supreme Court, by applauding Johnson's March 15 voting rights appeal to a joint session of Congress, gave "handclap approval" to the meas- ure. Majesty and Power Sen. Jacob K. Javits (R-NY) said the Senate was at last invok- ing "the majesty and power" of the nation to guarantee Negroes the right to vote. Actually, there were three Sen- ate votes on the measure. First, the Senate adopted, 78 to 18, the amended version it has been considering, and substituted it for the measure recommended April 12 by its Judiciary Com- mittee. The next step was approval of the revised committee measure. It came on a voice vote. Actual Passage The final measure was actual -Associated Press STUDENTS PROTEST DEMONSTRATORS, MOST of them Michigan State University students, staged a street sit-down yesterday in front of City Hall to protest discriminatory practices of East Lansing landlords. About 60 youths were arrested and taken to Ingham County Jail. The sit-down followed a two-hour meeting with Mayor Gordon Thomas in which the students demanded an open occupancy ordi- nance. The demonstrators charge that Negro students and faculty members at MSU have been denied equal housing rights. attle in Livingston County In describing the new two-man By MARK R. KILLINGS WORTH presidency, Suarez said "it is a co-presidency, but it has butone SIecial To The Daily purpose and commands with only HOWELL-Reports of vicious one voice." infighting and possible violence The 10-day old strike was called among Democrats of Livingston in protest of government banish- County, the county immediately ment into exile of the tin miners' north of Washtenaw County, were leader, Juan Lechin, a former "ice- heard by Visiting Circuit Court president of Bolivia. After rioting Judge Leo Bebau yesterday. in La Paz, the junta sent 17 more The charges came out during a labor leaders into exile in Para- lawsuit by one of the party's fac- guay.t Barrientos, in the midst of the tn strike, said, "This is unfortunately The lawsuit-brought by a group no longer a general strike or state led by Martin Levean of Brighton, of subversion but a state of civil a long-time former Livingston war, which is what the extremist County Democratic chairman, and leaders wanted." his son, Brian-would unseat Ed- TO VISIT JOHNSON:. Erhard To Campaign ward Rettinger, whom the state The Rettinger attorney, Thomas Bator as indicated on the petition. Democrats recognize as the pres- Downs, then: -Declared Ellis had gone "be- ent county chairman. I -Entered evidence charging El- hind the face of the petition" in Today's Hearings lis "did not display equal diligence striking down several Rettinger Judge Bebau indicated that to- and scrutiny" in examining each candidates' petitions for having iay's hearings will be "the end of faction's petitions. Goo many invalid signatures, but the trial-I hope." He said he -Said Ellis ruled 65 Rettinger had refused to do so when similar wants to rule on the case this petitions which had been filed on zomplaints were raised about the afternoon. May 26, 1964, as invalid because notarization and or signatures of Rettinger, who unseated Levean they had been filed early, although circulators on Levean petitions. in 1962, was challenged for the a May 22 directive from state Primary Election .ounty chairmanship by young Le- Elections Director Robert Mont- In the primary election after vean in 1964 in the primary elec- gomery indicated that the date the filing, the Leveanites won 84 tion Sept. 1, which picked dele- was valid. delegate seats and the Rettinger gates to the Democratic county -Questioned Raymond Mann- forces 26 in the 110 member con- convention and half of the coun- leim, who said a petition nomi- vention. As a result of Ellis' rut- ty's Executive Committee in the nating him had been circulated ings and several complaints the person of its nominees for county without his name at the top by Leveans had 107 candidates on offices. Both sides ran slates. Martin Levean and not by Claude the ballot to the Rettinger forces' forty-three. Stanley Beattie contended that these issues were "irrevelant" to j the case, repeatedly asking Bebau to strike Downs' charges from the record and added that Downs, in claiming a "pattern of action" that had deprived Rettinger's forces of their rights had not given a single instance of specifi- to see if there is any offer worth making to keep De Gaulle in the cation that would indicate my Alliance. clients are involved." Preliminary exploration may start at next week's meeting. John- Bebau over-ruled Beattie's ob- son and Erhard will want to assess the danger of De Gaulle's pulling jection but added twice during the out, what can be done to prevent it. trial that he felt Downs' attempt Erhard and Johnson are bound to discuss how to create an at demonstration of a "pattern of Atlantic force that would give West Germans some voice for the first action" was "kind of weak." time, in the use of nuclear weapons. Accepted Recommendation Erhard has spent most of his 69 years wrestling with economic When Rettinger accepted the Droblems and he has huilt a venutation a the father of West German I recommendation and then began By CARL HARTMAN Associated Press Staff Writer BONN - With a crucial election less than four months off. Chancellor Ludwig Erhard of West Germany will be riding hard on the campaign trail when he sees President Lyndon B. Johnson next week. He is due in New York Monday to collect an honorary degree from Columbia University. It is a.fair bet that one of the things uppermost in his mind will mofommm n