PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY T7 ' 4Z"AV Ai r itatr OA leeer' 1A E TO.E I H G N fl l Y'' .~T ~ Y~~t..- I [ r UAr, AU UUST 24, 1965 0; Counselors ive dvice, Information, pportunit for -Personal Counseling. seling and time spent in training. or adding courses, changing sec- lie Academic counseling is the stu- There are 107 counselors in the tions, or revising future plans as dent's usual contact with the Uni- ltrr olg e rbesaie ful-' Procedure The nther chol 'rrrna d. By ROBERT MOORE There are about 44 different of- fices in the University community which either counsel students or to whom counselors refer stu- dents, a recent count indicates. They offer services ranging from academic counseling to medical and psychiatric help. This comprehensive counseling' system is based on two principles which follow from a wider Uni- versity philosophy: 1) Every aspect of the student's growth should be the concern of the University; 2) The initiative for seeking help and the responsibility solving problems must finally with the student. These principles have their fillment in the sometimes-g sometimes-bad, but always-c plex counseling system which ery student from his first hesit postcard to his last days at University before going outi the world. Divisions Roughly, this counseling tem can be divided into t main divisions: -Academic counseling; -Career Planning, and 'od, om- ev- Cant; the into sys- hree versitys system. Each school has its own counseling staff and system. The largest of these schools is the literary college. In that school, there is roughly one counselor for every 170 students for freshmen and sophomores and 'a somewhat lower ratio for upperclassmen. Counselors are paid: around $700 per academic year and given "re- leased time" arrangements in their teaching loads to make up for the six to eight hours weekly of coun- The general counseling proced- ure in the literary college is that the student makes an appoint- ment with his counselor and pre- sents him with a class card indi- cating what he wants to take-or works with thei counselor to de- cide what he wants-and then has it signed..Appointments usu- ally take from 15 minutes to a half hour. Throughout the rest of the year, students make other ap- pointments to talk about dropping U i -it ilerscwois pr oceaures are relatively similar to the liter- ary college. Career Planning If academic advising takes the first days the student is on cam- put, then career planning takes his last days. Some schools have their own placement services for their students, but the main ca- reer counseling office is the Bu- reau of Appointments and Occu- pational Information. The Bureau has three main di- visions: the Educational Division. for students and alumni inter- ested in teaching, the General D- vision for those interested in busi- ness, government or professional employment, and, the Summer Placement Service, for students who want summer jobs. The Bureau has extensive files of eiployers and posts notices of job opportunities and interviews every day in the "Daily Official Bulletin' which is carried by the Daily. Summer Jobs The University's Personnel Of- fice also gives students job oppor- tunities for summer or part-time employment while still in school and handles available positions for regular employment at the University. The third category of counsel- ing, personal counseling, is the widest and often the most import- ant. It involves the complicated process of "referral," where a counselor, usually the academic counselor, recognizes that the help of an expert in a particular field is needed and eitheraconsults with that expert or sends the student to the expert. It also involves student-initi- ated services, such as Health Ser- vice, where the student goes to the particular service on his own initiative. The counseling offered under this category includes handling Welcome! Decision ... Philosophy or Marriage and Family Relations? " All M h, It.. ,igan, Students', ...:.. _,,: ,n-... ::.-..:t. -:":s:::, ::, ,,::-.-:.. :..:a.::.:,,,:.::::,"::::::, ...:"n::":..::....:.,"..r::"::::.:::,.r.v::.v:.,,-:..:n.::. :,::::,..r::n.:n:-:: :.:n":::.:.::::.r.%-:::r.. ::.r _.... __. _. __. . ....... ... TiM"}X+r.M.R:?..nxXtth'.....A...},; .... 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There is also a Reading Im- provement Service office, to train students in adding to their reading speed and improving their study habits. The Bureau of Psychological Services Student Counseling Di- vision, has a staff of trained psy- chologistsrwho talk to students about problems of vocational choice, academic difficulty or so- cial adjustment. Counseling is usually in the form of an hour in- terview with a staff member. Financial Aids The Office of Financial Aids helps counsel students who are in an emergency money shortage or more serious, complex financial conditions. Health Service operates full- time for the exclusive benefit of students with a regular staff of doctors, nurses, technicians and clerical workers. The Health Ser- vice building includes a60-bed in- firm ary and the facilities of Uni- versity Hospital are available. The Office of Religious Affairs is intended to be helpful to the student concerned with religious and philosophical questions and conditions. Some thirty chaplains serve as counselors. AVOID THE RUSH! BUY YOUR TEXTBOOKS FROM FOLLETT'S AS SOON AS YOU ARE CLASSIFIED. ASK FOR BOOKS BY COURSE NUMBERS. WE HAVE ADVANCED TEXT- BOOK, INFORMATION. Every advance sale guaranteed to be right or your money will be cheerfully refunded. .L AAUP Guards Freedom I I One of the chief means for guarding academic freedom is fac- ulty support of the local chapter of the American Association of University Professors. The AAUP is a national body whose members include faculty from colleges across the nation and whose primary dedication is .to the preservation of academic "freedom. The term academic freedom im-r plies the right of professors to express their opinions freely and without fear of reprisal from their school if the opinion happens toJ -be a controversial issue. The most common deterrent a professor faces in voicing controversial ideas is the fear that he may lose his job as a result of his outspoken- ness. No Legal Powers The AAUP has no legal or ac-! tual powers but it wields a strong political pressure in the form of censure. II' II If it is called in to investigate a question of a violation of aca- demic freedom and finds the case to be such a violation, it often ,ensures the accused institution and places it on a censure list pub- lished in the AAUP bulletin. Public statements which the AAUP hopes will pressure the school into revising whatever pol- icy or action had been in ques- tion are also issued at the time of the censure. The University was placed on, the AAUP censure list from 1955- 59 because of certain Regents' by- laws which the AAUP felt violated faculty members' rights. University of Illinois The charges brought before the AAUP are varied. One of the long- est lasting cases was that of Prof. Leo Koch at the University of Il- linois. Three years ago Koch made some statements in the student newspaper concerning free love. He was fired a short time later as 'k a result of the adverse pressure put on the university. After an extremely lengthy de- bate the AAUP put the University of Illinois on its censure list for failing to use due process of law in firing Koch. During the past academic year the AAUP has come out with a number of statements concerning the University. The University chapter lauded Gov. George Romney's "Blue Rib- bon" committee report on higher education, making statements in approval of the committee's rec- ommendations. They also were in favor of a stronger state board of education but noted that the present board was neglecting higher state edu- cation. Student Freedom During the past academic year, members of the AAUP increasing- ly concerned themselves with the problems of insuring student aca- demic freedom, in addition to problems of faculty freedom. In early April, the AAUP issuedr a major policy statement, stating "Freedom to teach and freedom to learn depends upon appropriate conditions and opportunities to exercise the rights of citizenship on and off the campus." Using this philosophy as a ba- sis for the entire statement, the AAUP chapter at the University found itself embroiled in major disagreements over the procedures and functions of grading. Profesorial Autonomy The bone of contention was the autonomy a professor has to eval- uate a student's performance in class. Many of the faculty mem- bers felt that if a student charged a professor with an error in grad- ing, perhaps based on some preju- dice, the student had the right to have his charge reviewed by "a competent academic authority." John J. Manning, Jr., admini- strative assistant in the literary college Junior-Senior Counseling Office, explained that "The gen- eral position of the college is that the professor runs his own ship" and that those who have any bon- tact with students in an admini- strative way are reluctant to get involved in grading disputes. Faculty members concurred with the view of Prof. John H. Romani of the public health school who said that he would "bridle when someone hands down a statement that my judgement as a professor is to be second-guessed by some- one else." Controversy also centered over a policy to realease only the stu- dent's academic transcript, rather than full psychological and be- havior records to professors and prospective employers. Responsibility According to one professor, "It is the responsibility of an educa- tional institution to safeguard the freedom of the student while he is here so that he may act without concern to the effect of his future career." On the other hand, Romani felt that he was "not so sure that there is not also a responsibility of the institutuion to society, particu- larly where the student is being considered for a professional po- sition. In this case, things beyond his academic record are signifi- cant." Nationwide problemsof educa- tion have also been a focus for AAUP proposals and action. Although no conclusions were reached this past year, the Uni- versity AAUP chapter spent much time discussing the problems of training college teachers. Ph.D..Not an Absolute Many faculty members recog- nized that a Ph.D. is not a abso- lute necessity for college training. While a Ph.D. degree signifies competence in one area of knowl- edge, it does not necessarily guar- antee that the professor can ade- quately teach a subject. Most members felt that some program must be established to insure the academic competency of the faculty and to insure enough good college teachers are trained to fill the acute shortage which now exists. Groups like the University Sen- ate also offer the faculty a means of voicing disfavor at certain Uni- versity practices. Any decisions made in the Senate have only the advisory power which the AAUP decisions have. A 4 4 I r ; , II II Back to school? nlew old, 4 ioed I TB. 4' * Every Book for Every Course ALL USED BOOKS at Bargain Prices STUDENT SUPPLEfALL SUPPLIESKINDS G.O HONDA!. Get right back into the swing of things with the one light bike that insures dependable performance, lightweight economy, plenty of good solid fun and-most important of all-- a campus parking place. See all the Honda models (there's one just I t The Student USED *-- .- -I LI - - - ma "Your Friendly Campus Book"Store I '4