New Draft By ROBERT MOORE EDITOR'S' NOTE: This is the second in a series of articles explaining the new draft call-up. President Lyndon B. Johnson last week sent draft calls spir- alling to 35,000 men per month, the highest call-up rate since the Korean War. The reported "draft pool" of 80,000 men (un- married men already classified I-A-ready for induction) would last less than three months under the new quotas. The question for students, faced with the prospect of more call-ups, is, naturally, how do I avoid this draft? About 18,000 University students are nestled in the student deferment category-II-S-although, reports Thomas Clark, Uni- versity Selective Service counselor, some will find themselves less secure if student deferment rules are changed. Clark, who works for the Office of the Registrar, handles the University's end of the draft process: certifying that a man is going to school full time, entitling him to the II-S rating. The University's standard for a "full-time, continuing pro- gram of studies," the deferment requirement, is 12 hours for undergraduates, 10 hours for graduates. As long as the student is going to school, at the present time, he is safe. It is only stu- Gall-Ups -M dents who take a semester or so off, or who are requested to with- draw from school who are in danger of being classified I-A. For the student with a II-S deferment, then, the primary importance lies in staying in school. In the past, to get a student deferment, students have had to be in the top portion of their class, as high as the top one-fourth for seniors. Clark said; but in 1962 these rules were relaxed. Now a student who consistently dips below a 2.0 honor point average may not only get a "Request Not to Register"-but a rifle as well. Deferment The other deferments-occupational, agricultural, extreme hardship, registrant with child-are not too common on campus, Clark reported, although in some cases students at the Rackham Graduate School who are not taking enough hours to qualify as a full-time student but are doing "important research" are given II-A occupational deferments. Some of those drafted never make it into uniforms-the IV-F. Those classified IV-F are "physically, mentally or morally" unfit for service. One Selective Service bulletin lists roughly 200 "disqualifying You Can obvious defects and manifest conditions," including drug addic- tion, height less than 60 or more than 78 inches, leprosy, weight less than 105 pounds. overweight that "would interfere with wear- ing of the uniform," and sexual perversion-which is undefined in the bulletin. Draft laws further exclude any man who, "by reason of religious training and belief, is conscientiously opposed to par- ticipation in war in any form." The law defines the belief the conscientious objector must have as a "belief in a relation to a Supreme Being involving duties superior to those arising from any human relation." The law excludes "essentially political, sociological, or philosophical views or a merely personal moral code." Last March, a new dimension was added to this law. The United States Supreme Court ruled that the Selective Service had been misinterpreting the provision that "the test of belief 'in a relation to a Supreme Being' is whether a given belief that is sincere and meaningful occupies a place in the life of its possessor parallel to that filled by the orthodox belief in God of one who clearly qualifies for the exemption." One authority analyzed the impact of the new ruling: Sta yHome "Those who hold a belief which takes the place of a belief in a Supreme Being (Truth, Justice, Love, Brotherhood, Creator, Over-all Power, etc.) now clearly qualify for CO classification if the sincerely-held belief involves a sense of obligation not to participate in a 'war of any form.' Such an applicant holds a belief in a Supreme Being whether he realizes it or not, accord- ing to the Court's decision. "Just as clearly, an avowed atheist or avowedly nonreligious claim will continue to be rejected." Handbook The claim of a conscientious objector involves a long legal process aimed at determining the sincerity and validity of a CO's appeal. The Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors, based in Philadelphia, publishes a 112-page handbook outlining the steps necessary. The draft has been attacked ever since Roman times; but, sadly, it appears inevitable. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara recently estimated that it would cost the U.S. $4 billion if it ended the draft. Inevitable it may be; but that does not stop some 86 million un-drafted American men from hoping they avoid it. YOUTH MUST OPPOSE U.S. WAR POLICIES See Editorial Page :Y 'i C igaYt AIait CLOUDY, COOL High-72 Low-48 Chance of showers this evening Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom VOL. LXXV, No. 60-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 3, 1965 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES I "ONE MAN-ONE VOTE': Debate Dirksen Am Fights. Mar Er L1A Ym £'aln F- Suggests UN Aides By MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH Special To The Daily WASHINGTON - The Senate voted yesterday to consider a con- troversial constitutional amend- ment aimed at overturning the Supreme Court's one-man, one- vote decision. The amendment's sponsor, Sen. Everett Dirksen (R-Ill) said: "I want a final vote, and I intend to get it." Under an agreement- reached yesterday, the Senate will meet two hours earlier than usual to- morrow to consider a substitute amendment proposed by Sen. Jacob Javits (R-NY). Debate on the Dirksen amendment will then begin., It' will take only a majority to tack the Javits' amendment onto Dirksen's proposal, and a simple majority will also be enough to start consderation of the Dirksen proposal itself. But final passage of either will require a two-thirds vote. "The Senate comes to a stand- still until I can get a vote on this question," Dirksen said. "I will block everything else until I do." Sen. Paul Douglas (D-Ill), the leader of opposition to Dirksen's proposal, promised there would be no parliamentary tricketry em- ployed to stop a vote on the amendment. Filibuster But if the amendment is itself changed or 'amended, Douglas said, his forces would want to consult on it and begin "an ex- tended discussion" - a polite phrase for filibuster. Douglas is concerned that a last minute change in Dirksen's proposal might leave Senate lib- eral ranks in confusion and pos- sibly produce enough defection to provide the 67 votes required for passage. At present, liberals claim more than the 34 votes needed to defeat the proposal. Concerned Dirksen himself was equally concerned about parliamentary in-a fighting. "No curve balls should be thrown, he said. "No senator will have his in- terest abused," Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D-Mont) pledged in response. Ac I1U1minn Lteateon Greek Feud ATHENS (A)-Police rushed into Parliament last night and broke up fist fights between opposing deputies during a debate on a confidence motion for Premier George Athanasiadis Novas' gov- ernment. While bedlam reigned inside Parliament, about 2,000 backers of George Papandreou, ousted by King Constantine July 15 in a dispute over control of the armed forces, shouted anti-government slogans outside. Papandreou had prevented a quoruum Friday night when the government sought its first vote of confidence. But he sent his Center Union deputies back last night, hoping to hasten debate and overthrow the government. A SEN. PAUL DOUGLAS vote of confidence motion is ex- pected later this week. As it stands now, the Dirksen Policy Statement amendment would: Ste Seek I law ML/ML A.-/ AL M- Viet Peace Privately Also Sees Hopes for SEN..JACOB JAVITS Governor Denies Plans for Trip to Viet Nam This Fall Despite reports to the contrary, Gov. George Romney denied late yesterday that he plans to travel to Viet Nam with several other governors this fall. However, Romney did not rule out the possibility that he may decide to go to Viet Nam. Earlier in the day, Oov. Philip Hoff of Vermont had said a delegation of 10 governors, including Romney, and Democrat John 'Connally of Texas. plan to make a fall trip to the war-torn Asian Seizures Halt nai. zs HHoff had said that the State Light Protest Department will sponsor the trip ig s tela in October. The purpose, he explained, would be for the gov- CHICAGO (P) - Police seized ernors "to lend our moral support about 65 integrationists last night to our American troops there." who had marched to Mayor Rich- No Invitation ard J. Daley's home o Chicago's The Detroit Free Press reported south s id e protesting school last night, however, that one of policies. the governor's aides quoted Rom- They were seized on charges of ney as saying: failing to disperse and causing a "I have not received an invita- hazard. tion to go to Viet Nam, have never The demonstrators climbed into discussed it and have no plans police squadrons with the admo- to go." nition from Negro comedian Dick But the aide did say that Rom- Gregory, who led" the march and ney hopes to accept a State De- who was among those arrested: partment invitation to go to Japan "Do not go limp. Do not give in late October - and Hoff had police any trouble. We have not listed a Japanese visit as the broken the law." starting point for the Viet Nam Capt. Howard Pierson said he venture. ordered the arrests after the According to Hoff, the delega- marchers-protesting the rention tion was recommended by the ex- of schools Supt. Benjamin C. ecutive committee of the National Willis-refused to disperse. The Governors Conference. The na- integrationists want Willis re- tions governors met in Minneapo- moved from office immediately lis, Minn., last week. and they say Daley could accom- Briefing plish this if he wanted. Most of the governors also flew "Our presence is creating a to the capitol last Thursday for dangerous situation," Pierson told a briefing on Viet Nam by Presi- .ctr...~~. .. ..... .i ..-y. ,-, l v trr _ 4 :...y. -. T? _. +. . A P- -Allow a state-wide election to' determine if a state's voters want to apportion one house of their legislature on factors other than population; -Require that, at the first election, a straight population plan be submitted along with the vote-waiving plan, and that there- ,after the successful vote-waiving plan be put up to a yes or no vote every ten years. Alternative Javits, arguing for his alterna- tive amendment, said yesterday that, unlike the Dirksen proposal, his plan would provide that popu- lation always be one factor in ap- portioning both houses. of a state legislature and that a 10-year referendum on a successful vote- waiving plan would always have to include a straight population alternative. Javits continued t h a t his amendment, contrary to Dirksen's would "maintain the court's role in determining the fairness of the apportionment of both houses" of legislatures by having it judged if vote-waiving plans were "ration- ally related to achieving the valid goals of the state." Dirksen's proposal was brought to the floor yesterday in an un- usual manner. After a Judiciary Committee deadlock prevented the amendment from reaching the floor through the normal channel, Dirksen introduced his proposal as a substitute by tacking it onto an obscure Senate resolutiones- tablishing a National American Legion Baseball Week. A Senate rule permits him to strike everything out of the American Legion resolution ex- cept for its number and enacting clause and then insert his con- stitutional amendment instead. As Athanasiadis Novas read his government's p o 11 c y statement, Papandreou's deputies s h o u t e d and banged their desk tops. Speak- er Emmanuel Baklatzis called re- peatedly for order, but to no avail. The premier continued and fin- ished reading his government's statement. The free-for-all began when the National Radical Union leader, Panayiotis Cannelopoulos, a right- ist, delivered a blistering speech against Papandreou. Center Union deputies rose in their seats and screamed at Can- nelopoulos. Rightist deputies bang- ed on their desks. Some raced over to the Center Union benches and fists began to fly. Police moved in and the melee ended in five minutes. Adjournment Baklatzishadjourned Parliament until tonight after five hours of debate. Some deputies said the confidence vote could come by Wednesday night. Under parlia- mentary rules, the vote must be taken by Friday night. Demonstrators have been active in the streets for Papandreou ever since King Constantine fired him and installed Athanasiadis Novas. Meanwhile, a Greek army gen- eral's report was made public fol- lowing an investigation into an alleged clique of leftist officers. The political opposition had ac- cused Papandreou's son,nAndreas, of being involved in ASPIDA, a leftist military group seeking to cut Greece'sties with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The general's report showed that Andreas Papandreou was in no way involved. The younger Papandreou, a former economics professor in the United States, gave uphis U.S. citizenship to en- ter Greek politics. -Associated Press HOUSE MINORITY LEADER GERALD FORD (R-Mich) is shown above meeting the press yesterday to deny that he had released the contents of a Viet Nam memo prepared by Sen. Mike Mansfield (D-Mont). President Lyndon B. Johnson had charged Sunday that a prominent Republican leader had made a distorted version of the Mansfield memo public. Ford Denies Johnson Charge WASHINGTON )IP) - House Republican Leader Gerald R. Ford (R-Mich) said yesterday if Pres- ident Lyndon B. Johnson is angry with him it may be due to a mis- understanding, and he refused "to be baited into a verbal donny- brook." Ford said such a dispute would delight the Communists and "I urge we get on with the awesome task ahead without further delay and without splitting the nation's unity." Sunday Johnson told newsmen in Texas that a leading Republi- can congressional figure violated his confidence after a Tuesday White House briefing on Viet Nam and made available to newsmen' information which was "untrue and perhaps malicious." The published report Johnsonj referred to was one that he was dissuaded from calling up the re- serves in the Viet Nam war by a memo from Senate Democratic Leader Mike Mansfield (D-Mont). Not Named Johnson did not name the Re- Tension Reaches High Point In Americus with Arrests AMERICUS, Ga. (P)-Uneasiness increased in Americus yesterday with a report that permits for pistols were "selling like hotcakes" and a crisp warning from County Ordinary Eugene Horne that white residents would shoot if they considered themselves in danger. "The people here are excited about their own safety," said Horne, "but there won't be any murder without provocation." Twenty-three civil rights pickets were arrested outside a grocery as the Sumter County grand jury met to consider indictments against two young Negroes, Eddie Will Lamar and Charles Lee Hopkins, >:> charged with murdering Andrew A. Whately, a 21-year-old white Marinee enlistee. The jury recess- r;..ed without making any present- ments. publican but several newspapers reported he was referring to Ford who had a "background briefing" with some reporters on Thurs- day, the day after Johnson an- nounced a doubling of the draft calls in order to reinforce United States manpower in Viet Naze. A "background briefing" is one in which newsmen are given in- formation which can be printed but without direct attribution to the man supplying it. Ford said Sunday night Mans- field's memo at the secret brief- ing made no mention of the re- serve callup and "I have made no subsequent comment to anyone connecting Sen. Mansfield's views with the President's decision not to call up the reserves..s" Ford pursued this point further yesterday, saying that "Johnson's remarks . . . , if he was referring to me, are the possible result of a misunderstanding which I trust the White House will correct." No Elaboration He did not elaborate in his state- ment but said after reading it that several reporters cajled him on Wednesday-24 hours before his background briefing-and in- dicated they knew what went on at the White House conference of congressional leaders. His implication seemed to be that if misinformation on Mans- field's memo was given to report- ers it came from someone else. Sen. Everett M. Dirksen (R- Ill), the Senate Republican leader and a participant in the meeting with Johnson, verified yesterday that Mansfield made no recom- mendations for a change in course in Viet Nam. Mansfield refused last Friday and again yesterday to make pub- lic his memo to the President. Formal Acts Says Hanoi Rejection Of UN Assistance Not End of Attempts WASHINGTON (P) -- Secretary of State Dean Rusk suggested yesterday that oifficers of the United Nations could explore pri- vately the possibilities of a Viet Nam settlement despite the lat- est North Vietnamese rejection of a formal UN role there. And there is yet a possibility for a "formal action" by the Unit- ed Nations, Rusk told a news con- ference, Rusk's remarks were in response to a request for comment on a statement attributed to North Vietnamese Deputy Foreign Min- ister Nguyen Co Thach. Thach re- portedly said that the UN cannot use its influence to bring about negotiations. Informed sources in New York indicated that Secretary-General U Thant is expected to continue his Viet Nam peace efforts de- spite North Viet Nam's rejection of UN Intervention. There was no immediate com- ment from UN officials on the Ha- noi radio report or on Rusk's later statement. Rusk said the United States would give full support to what- ever the world organization can do in Viet Nam. The peace in Viet Nam, Rusk continued, "rests with Hanoi." American forces, he said, would not be in Viet Nam at all had it not been for the North Vietnamese attempts since 1959 to infiltrate and take over South Viet Nam. / Rusk's Pledge Rusk pledged that the U.S. will "prevent, defeat, and stop" this infiltration. See Related Stories, Page 3 Asked to comment on the sug- gestion jointly made by Yugo- slavia's President Tito and Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shas- tri that the U.S. suspend bombing of North Viet Nam, Rusk remark- ed that the air raids were once suspended for a brief period, but "we got a harsh reaction." On the other hand, Rusk said, the U.S. does not want to extend- the war or make what he called a "general war." This was Rusk's first news conference since May 26. On oth- er subjects, Rusk said: -The U.S. does not acknowl- edge the existence of a "priority" between- a nuclear nonprolifera- tion pact with the Soviet Union and an arrangement for the nu- clear defense of the Western alli- ance. -In connection with the Gene- va disarmament talks, he regards as "an important contribution" the proposal by Italian Foreign Min- ister Amintore Fanfani that all Arrest Pickets The pickets were arrested after the store manager pointed out that the sidewalk in front of his grocery is private property. Police arrested them on charges of tres- passing. Massive street demonstrations began in Americus after four Npr wnma mmw a .rPS .te1,7 X X.,'