w 'U' OFFICIALS MUST WORK FOR TAX REFORM See Editorial Page :Yl r e gilt A6 44Iai1hr WARMER High-85 Low-55 Humid with chance of scattered showers Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom VOL. LXXV, No. 45-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 13, 1965 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES iJohnson's B~dklAFerency Balionid eie y Criticized D * Blasts Regents WASHINGTON (P - Republi- I) cans accused President Lyndon B. Johnson' yesterday of shelving a proposal for sharing of federal revenues with the states because of "personal peevishness.' I The Republican Governors As~- R 1: IIU16 ing. Tuition Rate The Surprise Nominee SOLDIERS OF THE First Infantry Division land at Cam Ranh Bay in South Vi the vanguard of 3,900 men who will comprise the first large force of combat infant miles northeast of Saigon. Washington-, Moscow Plant~ More Viet N,-am sociation and the Ripon society, a GOP policy research group, called in a joint statement fot revival of the plan for the federal govern- ment to give states a share of its revenue without strings. This idea, the Republicans said, was endorsed by both Johnson aid Barry Goldwater, the GOP piesi- : <.dential nominee, in the 19b6 presi- -Associated Press dential campaign. About Face et Nam yesterday, "For a while it seemed as though ryman ashore 180 everyone was for it," the GOP re- port said. "But . . . in mid-Decem- ber the President did a bristling about face. He was irritated, he o tl reporters at a background conference, because the fayorable recommendations of the (Joseph) Pechman Task Force had been leaked to certain newspapers. PI"He was annoyed because the Hlleak had generated criticism. Angrily, and without any refer- ence to its merits, he shelved the al battles are anti- proposal-its widespread support r than the hit-and- notwithstanding." and the sometimes The report noted that GOP h and destroy' pa- Gov. Robert E. Smylie of Idaho ent days." announced in March that the gov- cow, the Soviet Un- ernors had asked the President to d it has pledged ad- permit a new study of the plan. ry and economic aid Federal Monies' NEW YORK W) - When the late John F. Kennedy offered Lyndon B. Johnson the place of vice president on the 1960 Demo- cratic ticket, Kennedy didn't think Johnson w o u1 d accept, didn't think Johnson wanted it and was nearly correct, historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. report- ed yesterday. Schlesinger was Kennedy's spe- cial assistant while the late Pres- ident was in the White House. His account in. "Life" magazine was part of his forthcoming book, "A Thousand Days: John F. Ken- nedy in the White House." To Restore Relations Kennedy, Schlesinger wrote, of- fered the second spot to Johnson "because he thought it imperative to restore relations with the Sen- ate leader (Johnson)." "News of this offer, Kennedy hoped, would reunite the Demo- crats, please the older generation of professionals, improve t h e ticket's chances in the South and lay the basis for future collabora- tion with Johnson," the historiani added. "He was certain there was practically no chance that John- son would accept." Johnson had, in fact, been ad- vised by close friends and aides including his wife and the late House speaker, Sam Rayburn, not to take the offer if it came, Sch- lesinger said. And the historian added that V ! By The Associated Press A WASHINGTON - There were indications yesterday by both the Soviet Union and the United States that each would raise its commitment to the two countries of South and North Viet Nam. The New York Times quoted re- ports that reserve forces may be called up soon and that present American forces in or on the way to South Viet Nam number be- tween 1 00,000 and 50,000 far Negotiations On Asia War SStill Unsure By The Associated Press SAIGON-Negotiations by two diplomats-an Amercan in Mos- cow and a Briton in Hanoi-left question marks on the future of the Viet Nam conflict as fight- ing continued yesterday. In London, Prime Minister Har- old Wilson announced that his peace envoy in Hanoi - Deputy Pensions Minister Harold Davies- has had seven hours of talks with leaders of North Viet Nam's Fatherland Front. The Fatherland Front includes the North Vietnamese Communist Party (Lao Dong), representatives of economic and religious groups and of the country's tame Demo- cratic and Socialist Parties, which claim to speak for the business an d intellectual communities. Formed in 1955, the Front serves the purpose of giving the Hanoi I regime a broader base than the Commnunist Party alone. British Stand "To judge from the first re- port I have had," the prime mm- ister told the House of Commons, "the Hanoi authorities are in no doubt whatsoever about the posi- tion of the British government (regarding the Viet Nam war) ." Wilson was answering opposi- tion Conservative party criticism that the North Vietnamese might exploit Davies' leftwing.views and background to distort the posi- tion of the British government. W. Averell Harriman, the lead- ing U.S. expert on negotiating with the Russians, arrived in Mos- cow last night and informed Asian sources said they believed some- thing was afoot on Viet Nam. Secret Activity These sources, who were in touch with the top Soviet leader- ship late last week, said secret diplomatic activity seems to be un- der way. Over the weekend Soviet lead- ers omitted from speeches the kind of condemnation of U.S. policies, in Viet Nam and support for Ha- noi's demands that they repeated- ly voiced before. Then Harriman arrived on what was officially labeled a vacation, Harriman said he would not raise the subject of Viet Nam in meetings with Kremlin leaders. But, he added, he is prepared to discuss Viet Nam if the Russians raise it. U.S. embassy sources said Har- riman probably will meet, "at least for courtesy calls," Communist jver the announced goal of 75 000. And the Kremlin yesterday an- nounced that Soviet military and economic aid to North Viet Nam would also be raised to help in "the Vietnamese people's struggle against the aggression of Ameri- can imperialists." The Times said that many high- ranking military officers and con- gressmen feel a limited call-up of reserves will soon be necessary to carry on the war in Viet Nam. A story by the Times' military expert, Hanson W. Baldwin, said a sizeable increase in the 1966 de- fense budget also will be needed. He described the anticipated increase in financial and man- power requirements as a part of "preparations for a larger war role" by the United States. The story cited indications by President Lyndon B. Johnson that the U.S. commitment in Viet Nam "would have to go well beyond the present publicly announced goal of 75,000," and added: "In fact, officers say, forces already in Viet Nam, plus those on the way or programmed, would bring the total of United States ground troops in South Viet Nam to somewhere between 100,000 and 150,000." listing the various military un-1 its already there or due to go there, the report says: "Convention cipated rathe run ambushes aimless 'searc trolling of rec And in Mos ion announce ditional milita PRESIDENT JOHNSON JOHN F. KENNEDY to North Viet Nam. "They were told that the idea The announcement did not give was under review in the Bureau details but indicated the military of the Budget," the GOP report aid might include additional hard- said. "The Republican Governors' ware to resist the continuing U.S. Association and Ripon society air tries aaint Noth ietsupport the revenue sharing pro- strikes against North Viet posal. Nam. "We believe that the idea The Soviet announcement came should be judged on its merits in a communique released by the and not removed from the realm official news agency Tass on talks of public discussions oecause of last week between Soviet officials personal peevishness on the part and a North Vietnamese delega- of the President. . ." the report tion led by Deputy Premier Le said. Thanh Nghi. It said the aid The Republican report said the agreement was concluded Satur- states face a financing crisis be- day. cause "almost every imaginable The agreement was simultan- tax resource has already be n sub- eously announced by radio Hanoi. jected to increasing and often ur- The Soviet Union has repeated- desirable pressures." The cone- ly said it would provide "the nec- quences, it said, have been a fi- essary aid" to North Viet Nam for nancial squeeze and "an enormous its defense. Beginning last month, increase in state and local debt." Soviet leaders spoke of increasing To meet this, it said the states their military aid to Hanoi. must be returned some of the The volume of aid has never revenues the federal government been disclosed. The United States collects. has reported sighting five anti- GOP leaders have always claim- aircraft missile sites near Hanoi ed that Johnson has allowed his and ships recently have been personal emotions to play a large arriving at Haipong that could part in the "image" of his admin- have carried weapons. istration. Democratic Liberals threatened; a floor fight at the convention if Johnson formally accepted the nomination, Schlesinger reported, and Kennedy was told that Lib- eral and Labor leaders feared they could not keep their people in line. Kennedy's Decision But a Kennedy aide told the presidential nominee that South- t 5 G s Kennedy, after deciding on the ern gains would more than off- night of his own nomination to set Liberal losses and added that make the offer, found the decision it was too late for any change of unpopular with many other Demo- mind, Schlesinger reported. ra'ts h These included his brother. COOPERATIVE EFFORT: CIC To Study AID Program GdZ. la 1GU G ,1 lum , Robert, who was heard to com- ment when the episode was over, "My God, this wouldn't have hap-' pen;d except that we were all tooj tired last night." Tn writing of Johnson's think- ing about the vice presidential offer Schlesinger said: 4 ' "Whoever won the election, the post of Senate leader would be very different under Kennedy or Nixoni from what it had been un- der Eisenhower. Probable Power Loss "Johnson could hardly expect to retain the power he had ex- erted with such relish and skill in the late 1950s. Beyond this, Johnson had long wanted to be a national and not a sectional po- litical figure. Now he saw what might be a last chance to break out of the Texas trap and become a national leader. "He doubtless saw, too, a chance to save the South from growing bitterness and isolation by lead- ing it back into the Democratic Party and the national. consen- sus." This line of thought made it clear to Kennedy on his first meeting with Johnson that he had found a vice president whether he liked it or not, Schlesinger said. 'He Wants It!' "Kennedy returned to his own suite in a state of considerable ! bafflement," Schlesinger said. S"'You just won't believe it,' lie said, '. . . he wants it!' " Soon after that, the repercus- sions began: Schlesinger also indicated that$ much of the indecision that pre- ceded Johnson's acceptance of the vice presidential position stemmed from Johnson's disappointment at not being named to the top spot by the convention, and by what could be construed as dislike for the more youthful Kennedy. Before the convention, Schles- inger wrote, there had been al meeting between Johnson and Adlai E. Stevenson during which Johnson was reported as telling Stevenson that he could not stand "to be pushed around by a 42- year-old kid." Such a statement, Schlesinger indicated, could have bothered Kennedy at the time; he was sensitive to remarks about his youth. The turning point came in Ken- nedy's feelings about himself, Schlesinger said, in mid-Septem- ber of 1960, after the first televi- sion debate with Nixon. He said he was told later that Kennedy, "calling Jacqueline after the broadcast, could not supress his delight. The issue of his im- maturity had been eliminated from the campaign in one stroke." From that point on, Schlesinger indicated, personality attacks on Kennedy never bothered him ser- iously again. On Nov. 3, 1964, 11 months and 12 days after he was hastily sworn in as 36th.President of the United States to succeed the slain Ken- nedy, he was elected to a four year term of his own. He won the greatest vote majority ever accord- ed a presidential candidate and he carried into office with him the biggest party majorities in Con- gress since the election of 1936. In his crushing defeat of his Republican opponent, U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, John- son won some 61 per cent of the vote. His electoral vote of 482 to 56 for Goldwater was second to that of Franklin D. Roosevelt's record of 523-8 over Alf M. Lan- don, the Republican presidential nominee, in 1936. Roosevelt lost only the states of Maine and Vermont, whereas Johnson lost Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Car- olina and Arizona. Asks 'U'Aid For Fiscal Reforms Romney Defends Regental Option; Orlebeke Concurs By BRUCE WASSERSTEIN State Democratic Chairman Zol- ;on Ferency yesterday blasted the Jniversity Regents for approving "shocking and appalling" tuition ike last Friday and urged Uni- ersity administrators to support iscal reform as a better way to ight the financial problems fac- ing higher education. Reacting to Ferency's state- nent, Gov. George Romney at a press conference yesterday de- fended the right of the University administration to approve the fee hike. Romney's assistant, Charles Or- lebeke, added that the Republi- cans found the fee increase "neither shocking nor appalling and completely within the juris- diction of the University Regents." University President H a r 1 a n Hatcher declined to comment on Ferency's charges. State Board of Education Chairman T h o m a s Brennan indicated that there was a strong possibility that the Uni- versity's tuition hike and Feren- cy's statement would be discussed this Wednesday at a board meet- ing. Ferency Statement Ferency claimed that the "near- ly 25 per cent increase in tuition rates adopted by the University Regents just 60 days before the beginning of the fall semester is both shocking and appalling." "What makes this completely unexpected and unacceptable ac- tion even more incredible," he said, "is the fact that it follows close- ly upon the heels of the largest appropriation granted to the Uni- versity by the state and federal government in recent years." Ferency asserted "this new $3.5 million burden will have the ef- fect of closing college doors to an even greater number of young- sters seeking a better education." Added Funds According to University Execu tive Vice-President Marvin Nie- huss, the increase yielded an ad- ditional gross revenue of $1.75 mil- lion of which $250,000 was to be used by the Office of Financial Aids to help needy students meet the added expenses. Ferency said "the . fact that higher education in Michigan is facing a growing financial crisis is undisputed, but dipping once more into the threadbare pockets of needy students is not the an- swer to the problem." According to Ferency "What is needed is greater revenue for all of our institutions of higher learn- ing through tax reform based on the ability to pay," He then scored the Regents and Hatcher for not publicly speak- ing out supporting fiscal reform measures. The state party chairman said he believes that as a well known public servant Hatcher should have been advocating a restructur- ing of the state's financial system instead of "meeting in closed ses- sion planning a tuition hike." No Information Ferency claimed that Universi- ty officials had not informed Democratic party leaders that there would be a tuition hike if the Legislature's $51.2 million ap- propriation went into effect. "I did not even know it was under consideration," Ferency said. He added' "Rather than going to the well one more time and in- creasing tuition, the better ap- proach would have been for re- sponsible officials to have sought the more basic solution to higher education's financial problems." On the other hand, Orlebeke said that although Romney be- lieves "the long term support of higher education depends on fiscal reform, we (Republicans) have no strong feeling pro or con on the tuition hike." Have Rights By BARBARA SEYFRIED The Agency for International Development yesterday announced, a $1.8 million contract to the Committee on Institutional Co- operation to study agricultural education and research programs in foreign countries. The University is a CIC mem- ber, but whether it will partici- pate in the program is somewhat doubtful, Prof. Lee R. Martin of the natural resources school, a project adviser, said. AID has encouraged the devel- opment of institutions for agri- cultural education and research in the lesser-developed countries as a major element in its foreign assistance program. Over the past 15 years, approxi- mately 35 U.S. universities have assisted more than 50 foreign in- stitutions in more than 30 coun- tries. These projects have involved U.S. foreign assistance fund obligations of more than $85 million and substantial invest- ments by the aid-receiving coun- tries. Investigation AID is now interested in in- vestigating its own program. According to Martin, research will attempt to answer such ques- tions as what effect do these programs have on the nation in- volved. He pointed out that in some nations these programs created negligible results. The research would be aimed at finding out whether the problem lay in the country being developed, the uni- versity conducting the program or of AID's agricultural program.I Research on this project will Martin pointed out that the ul- be carried out by faculty members timate goal of AID's program is to of member universities in the CIC. allow nations to double or tripler their agricultural output. Researchers, however, would not be able to measure this since the programs, in most cases, started only a few. years ago, as for ex- ample, the oldest which started in Ethiopia in 1948. The researchers, however, will be able to assess what had happened to agriculture in countries since they received U.S. aid. Cooperative Effort The CIC is designed to promote cooperative efforts among the Big Ten Universities and the Univer- sity of Chicago and enable them to share their resources. This study is co-sponsored by AID and the International Rural Development Subcommittee of the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Col- leges. Civil Rights Leaders To Ask' End to Bogalusa Violence BOGALUSA U)-Two civil rights leaders agreed late yesterday to recommend their followers abide by a request from the governor for a 30-day cooling off period in this racially troubled town. The Negro leaders met with Gov. John McKeithen for 90 minutes at Baton Rouge after city and state police here turned back an attempted civil rights march on city hall during the afternoon. Police said they feared the march might touch off further violence. McKeithen sent his private plane to Bogalusa to take A. Z. Young and Robert Hicks, president and vice president, respectively,