THE MICHIGAN DAILY FRIDAY, JULY 9, 1965 5 Methods.-Key to i Birth Conflict Instit utions CONGRESSIONAL ACTION: Meet Wrath Aid Bills Creal te Controversy prove the birth control devices in ity on the, government and the principle. However, the Catholics, non-Catholic community, Blood until 1961, had a rigid attitude, explained. maintaining that they would not This represents an adaptation change. Continued pressure on the of aCtholicism to a pluralistic so- Catholics has led them to make cieyt in which there are many changes in recent years. values held by people in a rela-' The Roman Catholic church of- tionship ofmutual respect. Ca- ficially teaches and approves of a tholocism was originally a state method of birth control termed religion, but in the U.S., where "rhythm" or natural birth con- it is only a minority religion,eit trol. According to this method, the has changed its view to fit into a nature controls. Rhythm restricts minority status. sexual love to "infertile phases of Position to Change the menstrual cycle, when nature Prof. Blood predicts that the is presumed to have no intention Catholic position, in respect to to conceive." the methods to be employed in Concurs birth control, will also change in Concurring with Protestants, Fr. the near future. Litka of St. Mary's Chapel said The Catholic view on the meth- that in accordance with the in- od is an obstacle to the interna- ner conscience and realizing one's tional program of birth control physical, financial and psycholog- aid. This has affected the U.S. ical reasons, a couple may sincere- government in its program of im- ly feel the need to use contracep- plementation. However, it is hoped tives in order to have full married that the changing trend among love. American Catholics would also He emphasized that he did feel spread to other countries and -- -- - --- - - %- qmw-qw in Of Faculty- Collegiate Press Service WASHINGTON-Faculty mem- bers at George Washington Uni- versity in Washington and George Mason College in Virginia have recently joined a growing list of rebels against the administration of their institutions. The George Washington faculty has refused to endorse the trus- tee's selection of Lloyd Elliot, the current University of Maine presi- dent, as their new president. The trustees had ignored a unanimous advisory committee recommenda- tion supporting Vice-President John Brown for the job in making their selection. At George Mason, at least seven faculty members have resigned in protest of the administrative con- duct of director Robert Reid. Al- though the George Mason griev- ances haven't been fully aired in public, they seem far more per- sonally directed against Reid than the George Washington grievances are directed against Elliott. Earlier this year, protests by faculty members at Saint John's in New York and the University of Oregon attracted attention. At Saint John's, faculty mem- bers objected to the banning of an Allen Ginsburg poem at Cen- tral Oregon College. Also in Wash- ington, 17 Georgetown University English faculty members petition- ed in December against the dis- missal of their colleague Francis E. Kearns, allegedly for criticiz- ing the university magazine ar- ticles. By LAURA GODOFSKY Collegiate Press Service WASHINGTON-Legislation to aid higher education, which Con- gress put aside while passing the administration's elementary and secondary school aid bill, has pro- duced unusual controversy and surprises this year. The most recent development was the House Education and Labor Committee's unexpected re- moval on May 21 of the $70 mil- lion undergraduate scholarship program from President Lyndon B. Johnson's $250 million higher education bill. The committee removed the scholarship program by one vote in response to criticism by Penn- sylvania Democrat John Dent, who objected to the lack of stringently defined requirements for recip- ients in the bill. Eligibility Requirements Earlier, a subcommittee of the full committee had expanded the eligibility requirements for schol- arships to include all needy stu- dents, rather than just low-income students as the bill originally specified. Among other subcommittee changes in the higher education bill was the repeal of the require- ment that students receiving loans under the National Defense Edu- cation Act take an affirmative loyalty oath. A similar oath and an even more controversial affidavit is stillf included in several other educa- tion and anti-poverty programs. The full Education and Labor Committee upheld the subcom- mittee's repeal on Friday, ap- i the matter of responsible parent- hood must be understood. The general trend in the at- titude of Catholics on the ques- tion of birth control is bringing them nearer to the Protestant viewpoint and thus, the difference between the two churches is con- siderably reduced. Prof. Robert Blood of the so- ciology department noted the fol- lowing factors contributing to the change: * A considerable number of, Catholics have publicly called for a reexamination of the Church's attitude and have favored the change. " A large number of Catholic families employ contraceptives, which are not endorsed by their church. 0 Until the last decade, the' Catholic church favored large families, and it looked to increas- ed agriculture and a growing econ- omy as a solution to the popula- tion problems.3 Some Controls But, now they have recognized subsequently, the opposition of the Catholic communities in those countries would decrease. This trend would facilitate the United Nations in its efforts to more effectively deal with its pop- ulation check program, particular- ly in the regions of Asia and Latin America. The governments in India, Cey- lon, Korea and Pakistan have al- ready adopted family planning as part of their national programs. This is reflection of the fact that when the practical prob- lems become severe, the opposition of the Catholic church to birth control program tends either to change, or to be bypassed, Blood explained. TAX CREDIT LEGISLATION introduced to Congress by Sen. Abraham Ribicoff (D-Conn) received a boost from Sen.Winston Prouty (R-Vt) recently when he introduced a modified form of the bill aimed at solving some of the objections brought out by ticles. mittee's repeal on Friday, ap- Goldberg Reports .Continuance Of Disturbing Population Trend A disquieting state population "This raises the question about the gravity of the problem and #trend is continuing, according to the economic adjustment of the agree that, to a certain extent, the Prof. David Goldberg of the so- state," Goldberg says. "What if limitation of birth is desirable. ciology department and associate the image of a prosperous Michi- A more speculative change in director of the Population Studies gan were accented nationally and the Catholic outlook is due to the Centers noted recently. we had a net in-migration. Could Ecumenical movement. The Cath- olic church is now more tolerant of the government programs for birth control although they do not approve of them. The absence of a Catholic op- position to the governmental fam- ily planning schemes is a signifi- cant political change. The Cath- olic church now does not obstruct the voluntary use of contracep- tives. In the United States, with its present tolerant attitude, the Catholic minority does not seek to politically impose its author-{ -- - "Tropical Growth," above, by Frans Wildenhain, is one of the many pieces of'contemporary ceramic work now on display in the Alumni Hall Museum as part of the twenty-third Ceramic National Exhibition. Called the "most significant event in the field of ceramic art," the show features large forms in muted earthen colors, "necessitated by the new freedom of approach. The show will run through August 15. Goldberg has been participat- ing in a project to estimate the 1964 population of the 83 coun- ties in Michigan. More people are moving out of the state than are moving in wasa one fact he noted. That the new arrivals are not as well as edu- cated as those departing is a sec- ond fact Goldberg noted. Net emigration from 1960 to 1964 was 190,000. Hundreds of thousands more than this left, but this is the net loss after the ar- rival of others, according to Gold- berg. NEW PROGRAM: Book Demand Sparks UNESCO Action By The Associated Press UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. - A new kind of explosion is threaten- ing the world-an unprecedented demand for books. That is the warning issued by Julian Behrstock, an expert who heads the division of free flow of information in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cul- tural Organization. To meet the threat, UNESCO has launched a new program aim- ed at increasing the production and distribution of books in the developing countries of Asia, Af- rica and Latin America, where Behrstock says the situation is most critical. Over-All Goal The over-all goal is to encourage the establishment of book pub- lishing enterprises in the develop- ing countries. The emphasis would be on production of paperbacks- the cheapest way of getting books into the hands of readers. Behrstock uses the term "book gap" to describe the situation in the developing countries. He says the biggest demand now is for textbooks, which account for 90 per cent of the books or- dered or produced in those coun- tries. "It's a kind of vicious circle," he explains. "The book gap widens as the extension of education in- creases the demand for textbooks, which in turn produces readers who want more than just text- books." He points out that 75 per cent of the 400,000 book titles issued each year throughout the world originate in 12 countries-all technically advanced nations. Asia, with the exception of Japan, accounts for only 17 per cent of the number of titles, al-' though it has 58 per cent of the population. In Africa less than 10 countries publish books and the .........- University Players Next week,.. Department of Speech T. S. Eliot's titles amount to'-one per cent of the world's total. Editions rarely exceed 3,000 copies. Set Up Enterprise Behrstock estimates it takes about $100,000 to set up a book publishing enterprise. He has no estimate of how much money it would take to establish enough enterprises to meet the demands. UNESCO's campaign in Asia will be marked by a week-long con- ference in Toyko at the end of May in 1966. Experts will gather from all of UNESCO's 117 mem- ber states, as well as observers from other countries and book trade organizations. Similar sessions will be held in Africa in 1967 and later in Latin America. Toyko Conference The sponsors are hopeful that the Toyko conference will result in : -Formation of a systematic policy for book development in which books are integrated into national, economic and social planning; -Encouragement of bilateral to Asian countries from the Unit- ed States, the Soviet Union, and other technically advanced coun- tries; and -Development of plans to send experts into individual countries to help develop book publishing enterprises. the economy accommodate these people? What would the unem- ployment rate be then?" Unemployment in Michigan at the moment is running between three and one-half to four per cent, well below the national av- erage. But Goldberg asks, "Is un- employment low because more peo- ple are leaving than coming?" Net Outflow This net outflow is relatively new to Michigan. From 1910 to 1955 the balance was in the state's favor, mainly because of the growth of the automobile industry and war production. The tide turn- ed in 1956. Michigan is losing people to other regions. Those are also the people in whom it has the biggest investment. This experience is similar to that of the entire east- north - central region including Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin. From 1955 to 1960, according to the Census Bureau's figures, those who moved out of this re- gion were generally better edu- cated than those moving in. Still Continuing Although these figures are five years old, Goldberg says that the trend is continuing. "We're losing men," he said, "and we're doing badly in the trade." Where are Michigan people go- ing? Everywhere, but one of the biggest losses has been to the West while one of the biggest gains has been from the South. Why Leave? Why are people leaving Michi- gan? Frequently the reason is op- portunity for financial success. Michigan does not lack these op- portunities, Goldberg explained, but those which exist are mainly for technically trained men. Men with a broader background in bus- iness, science and the arts, Gold- berg says, are more likely to do better elsewhere. The end result of this is that Michigan is training people who then leave the state. The Population Studies Center has been estimating the state's population annually since 1957. This year it estimated the popula- tion for 1964 at 8.1 million-a three and one-half per cent in- crease over the 7.8 million count- ed in the 1960 census. Population Loss Of the 83 counties, 27 lost pop- ulation in the four year interval. Eleven of the 15 in the Upper Peninsula lost. The remaining loss- es were chiefly in the northern portion of the Lower Peninsula. Most of the big gains were in metropolitan areas-the counties around Detroit and the Flint- Lansing area. Wayne County, like most metro- politan areas around the country, lost a little of its population, but nearby Macomb, Oakland and Washtenaw Counties made up for this. Washtenaw County Washtenaw County gained 14,- 560 persons in the four year inter- val. In nearby counties, Lenawee County lost 1,289 people, Living- ston County gained 2,367, and Monroe County gained 4,780. Goldberg has acquired these sta- tistics from varied sources. Among them are births, auto registrations, voting lists, and sales tax returns. One of the most reliable - and one which has consistently shown a net outflow-is the annual Mich- igan School Census of persons un- der 20. Goldberg concedes that there might be an error of two and one- half to three per cent in the 1964 estimate but explained that any error in the 8.1 million estimate for the state as a whole is much smaller than the possible error. ORGANIZATION NOTICES Use of This Column for Announce- ments is available to officially recog- nized and registered student organiza- tions only. Forms are available in Room 1011 SAB, * * * Folk Dance Club: Folk dance with instruction,eFri., July 9, 8-11 p.m., Women's Athletic Bldg. 1 I Across Campus FRIDAY, JULY 9 1:30 p.m.-The Audio Visual Education Center Film Preview will feature "Peter Tchaikowsky" and "Peter and the Wolf." 7 and 9 p.m.-Cinema Guild will present Alec Guinness in "The Lavender Hill Mob" in the Arch- itecture Aud. 8:30 p.m.-Prof. Dennis Walsh of the astronomy department will speak on "Exploding Galaxies" at the astronomy department's visit- ing night. 8:30 p.m.-The Stanley Quartet will assist at an Evening of Chamber Music, with Ruth Dean Clark, harp, Keith Bryan, flute, and Robert Courte, violin. Pieces by Ravel, Debussy and Porter will be played, at Rackham Lecture Hall. l 1 1 i 4 comedy questo of Ae-year! fadeslFe~mam presents Sellems OToolel The Confidential Clerk critics of the bill. parently supporting the argument of Congressman Qgden Reid (N- NY) that the oath unfairly singl- ed out students from other groups receiving federal aid. Separate Bills In order to avoid further con- troversy about the higher edu- cation bill, however, the repeal measure was made into a separate bill. Since both the broadened schol- arship program and the guaran- teed loan program were eliminated from the higher education bill as of last Friday, further committee negotiations and changes in the bill are expected in order to re- store some form of student aid to the bill. Final Congressional ac- tion on the higher education bill does not seem likely before the summer, as the Senate has not yet finished its frequently post- poned hearings. Another bill aimed at helping parents finance college education,I tax-credit legislation, which has been championed by former See- retary of Health, Education, and Welfare Abraham Ribicoff (D- Conn), has just received a further and perhaps ultimate boost from Senator Winston Prouty (R-Vt), the ranking Republican member of the Education Subcommittee of the Senate Labor and Public Wel- fare Committee. Modified Bill Monday, Prouty introduced a modified tax credit bill aimed at meeting some objections raised by critics of tax credits. Prouty inserted an "absolute" tax credit in his bill in order to enable those with incomes too small to accom- modate a tax credit to benefit. The Prouty plan would permit a taxpayer with no tax liability to receive up to $100 toward college expenses as a direct grant from the government, Prouty's bill also changed the sliding scale on which tax credits would be granted. Dial 662-6264 3 Complete Shows Daily at 1:00-4:20 & 7:45 Wed., July 14- 8 P.M. in the air-conditioned 4 14 -Sat., July 17 Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre Box office open daily 12:30-5:00 ( VFW HALL 9-12 P.M. BRAD MIXER 314 EAST LIBERTY FRIDAY, JULY 9 STAG OR DRAG 1 / I / I U I I I CINEMA GUILD / 1 / presents 1 / English Comedy Classic I U THE LAVENDER HILL MOBI with Alec Guiness A R CAROON Romg Schneider CapuolneA Paula Prentiss and least but not last Woody Allen and guest star Ursula Andress Thoy're all together again Releasd thr UNITED ARTISTS s ~ TECHNICOLOR"'DLT NL O MICH IGAN * AND e STARTS SUNDAY INES HO I DACKJO BACKI as JAMES BOND in Dr.No" M$ARY S.MM N ISER W. 80C IA INGs DR. NO ,,.SEAN CONNERYMJAMES BOND TECNtNICOLOR .RE iAcSIC 71410UNITED ARTISTS SEIN CONNERY as JAMES BOND in "FROM RUSSIA WITH LV" r I i I TWO OTTO PREMINGER HITS YOU'LL NEVER FORGETI FIJlh lill 111,