UNIFORM RIGHTS LAWS NEEDED IN MICHIGAN See Editorial Page Y Sjir ~~Aait WARMER High-82 Low-57 Cloudy with chance of thundershowers Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom iTA7. 1.YYV Tn.20_ . . A1 vuu. IXXV, NQ. 3v- ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JULY 2; 1965 SEVEN GENTS FMnR . r'Y' M1'1Y\ W'Gl\F 1 7 Er'(uu!D n arkFFrAsCAkPDIDATES: Farmer Asks New Policies Says Law School TV Legal DURHAM, N.C. YP)--The na- tional director of the Congress of Racial Equality, setting a new pplitical course for the civil rights group, yesterday called on CORE members to put up candidates in elections. James Farmer said the group's present political policy of "pres- suring and cajoling political units" is dead and no longer ap- plicable to the needs of the move- ment. He urged CORE members to "be prepared to put up candi- dates" for nomination when nec- essary "through political vehicles like the Freedom Democratic movement" and to endorse or op- pose candidates for election. Policy Departure- "This is, of course, a departure in CORE policy," Farmer told the group's national convention meet- ing in Durham. "If the need for community or- ganization has been great in the past, it is now desperate," he said. Farmer viewed the community organization as a tool to build a v e h i c le. Political organization, then, is the vehicle to reach a de- sired objective, he explained. Open Society "That objective is an open so- ciety, free of race discrimination and forced segregation, shorn of poverty and unemployment, with decent housing and high quality education for all," he said. The objectives CORE seeks, Farmer said, "are political objec- tives depending upon responses we can exact from political machin- ery. And the only way to achieve political objectives is through po- litical power," he said. "We can no longer rely on pres- suring and cajoling political units toward desired actions," he said. "We must be in a position of pow- er, a position to change those po- litical units when they are not re- sponsive. Farmer addressed the opening session of the five-day convention, which is expected to draw more than 400 CORE members. The convention will be asked to act on his proposals. The national director noted many CORE chapters have "made a serious attempt at ghetto in- volvement and community organi- zation. If we are honest we will admit that most have failed, though a few have had small suc- cess at organizing their commun- ity. Thus the impact of some of our chapters has dwindled." Organization When neighborhood desires be- come known, he said, "CORE must be prepared to help the com- munity to achieve them and or- ganize around them."I These services, he said, usually1 "are best provided in a central place. It must belong to the com- munity, not to CORE," he ex- plained. Farmer estimated each center would cost about $10,000 and urg- ed a crash fund raising campaign to finance them, something which is also unprecedented in CORE's history. He suggested three cen- ters, one in each northern region, be opened by fall., Insufficient Funds The national CORE organiza- tion, Farmer said, is strapped with a quarter of a million dollar debt and insufficient funds to cover current operating expenses. Working through the centers, he said, "we must seek to organ- ize the community politically or more accurately, to reorganize it politically. "The greatest tragedy of all would be for the existing black vote to {remain and the new black vote to be dumped into the gen eral political soup brewed by the machine bosses-black or white," Farmer said. "What is needed, I believe, is independent po1itica action through indigenous political or- ganizations," he said, such as the Freedom Democratic Party in Mississippi, which CORE supports. Farmer asked the convention to "proceed with dispatch" to alter CORE's structure to implement changes. By MICHAEL BADAMO The recent Supreme Court ruling in the Billie Sol Estes case barring television in the court room will not have any effect on the educational tele- vision hook-ups in the Uni- versity Law School, according to Dean Charles W. Joiner of the Law School. The question had arisen in the LawpSchool because of a current practice of televising the court proceedings conduct- ed in the Washtenaw County circuit court for educational purposes. The Estes case deals with alleged and substantiated ef- fects of "12 cameramen on the floor of the courtroom, cables and wires snaking across the floor. The activities of pre- trial proceedings were disrupt- ed on several occasions. This "activity caused great publicity and was harmful in ultimately getting a jury." The high court handed down a five to four decision in favor of the plaintiff. The majority opinion holds that Estes was deprived of his right under the 14th Amendment guaranteeing due process of law by the televising and broadcasting of his trial. Two Factors In a statement to the Law School faculty, Joiner said that there were two major factors involved in the Estes case that caused the court to make its ruling: -The great confusion that took place at the time of the pretrial proceedings, the take over by the cameramen and the television technicians of the courtroom during' this period, and all the ramifications that have occured from it; and -The fact that television reaches a vast audience and is ion, it seems to me, should have no adverse effect upon the continuance of our policy of closed circuit television for the purpose of instructing law students." The law school maintains a camera in the corner of the Washtenaw circuit court room which is directly connected to closed circuit television facili- ties in the Law School. Court cases are broadcast live from the actual court to the class- room situation, giving instruc- tion in courtroom proceedings. Judge James R. Breakey Jr. who has conducted court under the camera's eye since Jan. 12, 1962, has never received a com- plaint from an attorney, liti- gant, or witness or even noticed that anyone was conscious that the proceedings were being televised. Proposal of Hookup The idea of televising court proceedings directly to the law school was proposed to Joiner by Breakey when he was the only Washtenaw county cir- cuit judge. Breakey and Joiner agreed that it was difficult to famil- iarize law students with what goes on in a courtroom. Law schools, like other professional schools, need some type of in- ternship for their students. Breakey gave immediate ap- proval to the instructional tele- vising if he could be assured that it would cause no distrac- tions and would not violate the Cannons of Judicial Ethics. Report Returns FromJackson; By CHARLOTTE WOLTER Conflicting reports of police brutality in the Jackson, Miss., ci rights protests of the past two weeks came from local officials a participants in the demonstrations, yesterday. W. D. Rayfield, chief of police in Jackson, answered the chars saying there had been "minor, if any" incidents of this nature, a that most of the reports were false. He said that all facilities for the prisoners were adequate, ti there were two doctors on call 24 hours a day, and that officials the Justice Department had been watching every activity. He add DEAN JOINER used selectively in certain cases causes very serious problems in connection with the fair trial. Joiner explained that "neith- er of these is present. in the, closed circuit television for edu- cational purposes. This opin- ROOSEVELT DIRECTS: Starts Try To End Job Bias JAMES FARMER, national director of the Congress of Racial Equality urged a change in CORE's political policy. He asked that CORE endorse and run candidates for office. DANGER SIGNALS: Re bicans ew Ills Of Nation's Economics WASHINGTON (P)-Republican leaders in Congress said yester- day there are "danger signals" in the nation's economic indicators, but stopped short of predicting an economic downturn. At a joint news conference, the House and Senate GOP leaders accused the administration of seeking short-run remedies and "giving glib and pat answers to serious and involved questions." Rep. Gerald R. Ford, the House minority leader, said price and wage increases despite continuing substantial unemployment are creating "distinct inflationary pressures." Rubber-Stamping ,r A further boost toward inflation is being given by the Democrats in Congress, he said, "by rubber- t By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-The nation will launch its program to end job discrimination today under the direction of Franklin D. Roose- velt Jr. chairman of the new "Equal Employment Opportunity Commission." According to Roosevelt the em- phasis of the commission will be on conciliation and persuasion rather than persecution. The commission was set up under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This title for- bids hiring, firing or promoting on the basis of "race, color, re- ligion, sex, or national origin." The 1964 Civil Rights Bill pro- vided that the commission should start operating one year after the signing of the bill, which was July 2, 1964. Title VII applies to labor unions, including their apprentice sys- tems, and to employment agencies, as well as to employers. Beginning today, the law applies to employers or unions who have 100 or more workers or members. A year hence this limitation drops to 75, then to 50 in 1967, and finally to 25 in 1968. Employment agencies are covered regardless of size. The commission has no power to punish anybody, but if an accused person resists conciliation and court orders he might find himself-after a lengthy process- fined or jailed for contempt of court. Among other things it is, un- lawful for; an employer, labor union or employment agency to publish any discriminatory ad- vertising relating to employment.' This could lead to changes in the traditional "help wanted, men" and "help wanted, women" ads in newspapers. However, it would be the advertiser, not the news- paper, that would be liable to prosecution. Exempt from Title VII are fed- eral and state governments, In- dian tribes (which may discrini- inate in favor of Indians), pri- vate membership clubs, persons employed by an educational in- stitution to perform educational work, persons employed by a re- ligious educational institution and persons who refuse to employ Communists. If an employer can show that religion, sex, or nationality are prime requisites for a particular job, he is in the clear. But this exemption does not extend to race or color. Title VII makes its gow under fire from friends and foes of civil rights legislation. Roosevelt was told yesterday by Sen. John L. CcClellan, '(D-Ark) that the new commission is a "a, useless agency, unnecessary and uncalled for." After delivering his criticism, McClellan said, "but, if we've got to have the' commission, you've got to have some money." Elliott Leaves Post at EMU YPSILANTI (1') - Eugene B. Elliott retired Wednesday as pres- ident of Eastern Michigan Univer- sity, a post he has held for the past 17 years. Elliott, who will reach the com- pulsory retirement age of 70 this year, is succeeded by Harold E. Sponberg, president of Washburn University of Topeka, Kan. Spon- berg will assume his duties after the July 4 weekend. Elliott came to EMU as presi- dent after serving as state super- intendent of public instruction from 1935 to 1948. He is a former teacher in the Lansing public schools and was superintendent of schools at Ovid. that he had eaten the same food as the demonstrators for three days and found it satisfactory. Denies Burtality The news editor of the Jackson Ledger-Clarion also denied reports of excessive brutality. He said that in one incident a young man had charged that police hit him, but police said he had only bump- ed his head. The editor said that those in the compound at the fairgrounds were "playing touch football and generally have a time of it." His impression of the demon- strators was that they were mostly "young Negro children" who were on a "crusade of idealism" with some "adventurers and profes- sional agitators also participating. He noted that few of the demon- strators were from Jackson itself, and that, half of them were not residents of Mississippi. He said it was ironic that the civil rights groups were protesting just at a time when a special ses- sion of the Mississippi legislature was 'repealing many of the dis- criminatory voting statutes. While he admitted that there was dis- crimination in many Mississippi counties, he added that a lawyer from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peo- ple had told him that there was none in Jackson. Another View Meanwhile, a letter from Joyce Reymer, chairman of the Univer- sity chapter of the Friends of the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee, which was smuggled out of the jail in Jackson after her arrest on June 24, described the conditions differently. In the letter she said,'"facilities in the compound were completely inadequate: two toilets and two showers for 200 women, six blankets for them and three to a mattress for sleeping. The first impression was of a concentration camp. People were being herded around and treated as animals." Describing the arrest, she said, "we began a peaceful march in twos, to the Post Office Bldg. to state our demands to the United, States attorney when we saw state troopers marching toward us. Jim Foreman, chairman of SNCC, be- gan to speak and was arrested. We all sat down, hooked arms and werendragged off torthe truck and taken to the fairgrounds." Minor Injuries She continued that there were only minor injuries at this time, but that on June 14 people, in- cluding pregnant women, were brutally beaten, resulting in some miscarriages. Since June 14, nearly 1000 dem- onstrators have been arrested, on the basis of violation of a 1938 city ordinance which prohibits parading or distribution of hand- bills without a permit. All Studenit Nurses' Pay To Be Cut- 41 DEAN RHODA RUSSEL By ROBERT MOORE ( , stamping one expenditure pro- gram after another" while a bud- get deficit persists. Sen. Bourke B. Hickenlooper (R- Iowa), acting for ailing Senate Republican Leader Everett M. Dirksen of Illinois-, said the ad- ministration seems to be suggest- ing that anything; wrong in the economy stems from. the speech in which William McChesney Martin, chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, said there were some similarities between the present economy and that pre- ceding the 1929 crash. Martin al- so said there were differences. "We find it hard to understand how an administration that has been talking constantly of the poverty in the United States can blame Martin's qualified warning for weakening confidence in the economic system," Hickenlooper said. Ominous Cloud In his own view, Hickenlooper said, a particularly ominous cloud on the economic horizon is the international financial situation and the adverse U.S. balance of payments. He urged that an international conference be called to deal with "the basic structural shortcom- ings of our international mone- tary system." Ford cited as another economic danger signal the mounting debt of U.S. corporations, individuals, htate and local governments, as yell as the federal debt. Shastri Urges Birth Control NEW DELHI, India (/P)-Prime' Minister' T al .ahadur Shastri Party Line Splits on Viet Nam, GOP Backs Johnson, Dems Differ, WASHINGTON (M)-House Re- publican Leader Gerald R. Ford (R-Mich) declared yesterday that his party is supporting President Lyndon B. Johnson's Viet Nam policy. "Republicans will continue to disregard partisan considerations in foreign policy," he told a news conference. "We will be guided by the national interest." But, the Michigan congressman said, that doesn't mean 100 per cent agreement with every presi- dential action. Accusation Then he accused the President's own party of being willing to abandon the free people of Viet Nam. "The President must not yield to them," he emphasized. Ford's defense of the Republi- cans came a day after Senate Democratic Leader Mike Mans- field accused House GOP leaders of setting conditions on their sup- port by demanding more use of 'air and sea power and less use of ground troops, Mansfield asked, "Is it not a warning to the President that he 'play the game their way or they don't play?" . How Many Troops Ford was asked yesterday how many American ground troops should be in South Viet Nam, and replied, "a sufficient number to protect our military installations and the lives of our forces there." Asked what the reason was for his questioning "thelogic of com- mitting United States ground forces on a large scale," he said, "There have been hints-and I alone," he said. "But the United( Nations could, if it would ... "If anything has been learned," he said, "it is that the U.S., acting alone, can not end the war." Personal Intervention Another Democrat, Sen. Joseph S. Clark of Pennsylvania, dis- agreed, however, calling instead for personal intervention by UN Secretary General U Thant, a Burmese. He said Russia would be forced to use its veto in the UN Security Council, and that the General As- sembly is immobilized by the dis- pute over voting rights of mem- bers who are behind their assess- ments. - He said U Thant knows leaders in both the Communist and free nations, and thus might succeed. Student nurse stipends - whi now total about $90 per mor for each of the 325 juniors a seniors receiving them-will discontinued in the near futu Dean Rhoda Russell of the nu ing school said yesterday. "The change is being made< an educational basis, not a nancial one," Mrs. Russell e plained. The first cut of a planned "ev lution" toward discontinuation the stipend will take place t month. The stipend will be cut $72.50 per month. Not Within Year i Although the nursing school a ministration has not set a defin timetable for further cuts, M; Russell said the stipend will del nitely be.discontinued, though will not be totally discontinu before July, 1966. The nurses receive the stipen for about 20 hours a week work at the University Hospil part of "nursing laboratory" wh they must put in as part of thi curriculum. They do work wh paid full-time workers would ha to do otherwise. The stipends come from hos tal funds derived from patie fees. The eventual discontinuan of the stipend will add a lit over $290,000 per year - wh now goes for the stipends - those funds. Mrs. Russell said ti she could not, as yet, give a' co plete explanation of where 1 added funds would go. General Trend "There is a general trend nursing schools to stop this ty of stipend," Mrs. Russell said. ' Ohio, Indiana and Iowa Univei ties, the entire stipends were sto ped all at once." "We have gotten very little b reaction to the change from s dents," Mrs. Russell said. " have tried to show anyone in ni of money where they can get Above all, we do not want to 1 nurses, because of the prese nursing shortage." Reaction was mixed among small sample of nurses questio ed about the change. One nu registered bitterness about a "la of explanation and informatio But Helen Collins, '66N, presid of the Nursing Council, the of cial student body of the nu ing school, said that she h overcome an original dissatisfa tion with the plan and, once s -o, pit 'uosca. eTl poogsaap cepted it. INTERNATIONAL.GROUPS: ' U' Glee Club To Sing in Choir Festival By JULIE PUFFER The University Men's Glee Club will be one of the two United States all-male choral groups chosen to participate in the International University Choral Festival in Washington, D.C., this September. Sponsored by the Lincoln Memorial Center, the festival will com- prise a series of concerts presented in the Center's Philharmonic Hall by 20 of the most outstanding university choral groups from South America, Japan, Europe, Canada, Puerto Rico and the U.S. They will run from Sept. 20-26, on which day all of the choruses will join to- gether in a final concert. On Sept. 27, the entire group will be guests at a reception in Constitution Hall sponsored by the state department. "We're hoping," said Prof. Philip Duey of the music school and conductor of the University Men's Glee Club, "that President and Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson will be able to, be there." The group will also attend the World's Fair in New York Sept. 24. Duey said that they will probably participate in impromptu per- formances at the fair. Following the Festival, one of the groups-the Kwansei Gakuin University Glee Club from Japan-will be the guests of the University. They will present a concert on campus during their visit. rrl- T- -.fi flo 0ii nrfrm rj~aiscn nrstpA fn fan . 9, Explanation Mrs. Russell said she had plained the reason for the cha: to student leaders individually a that classes had been interrup i