Seventy-Sixth Year EDITED AND MANAGED By STUDENTS OF THE UNIYERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS wnere Opinions Are Free, 420 MAYNARDST.,, ANN ARBOR, Mici. Truth Wil Prevail 40MYADS. N RQMc. NEWS PHONE: 764-0552 Editoriais printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This ius t be noted in all reprints. i SUNDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1966 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL HEFFER Liberals' Dilemma: There's a Solution EVER SINCE Elise Boulding began her write-in campaign for Congress on a peace ticket, the dilemma faced by the morally concerned voter of following his conscience and having his vote be poli- tically meaningless has been expressed again and again. The problem was well summarized by a letter in yesterday's Daily entitled "A Reluctant Vote for Vivian," in which the writer says that while she disagrees with Vivian's stand on foreign policy, she feels compelled to vote, for him anyway, since a vote for Boulding could serve to re- place Vivian by the Republican coritend- er Marvin Esch. Esch, she said, is even more unacceptable, and would not make any difference to LBJ's "consensus tow- er." These arguments, however, seem to de- feat the conclusion. If Vivian is so bad, why vote for him just to keep the Repub- lican candidate out? If an individual feels that it makes very little difference for whom he votes, the only really meaning- ful vote is one which follows the dictates of his conscience. THE REAL PROBLEM is that in our so- ciety the positions of the two major parties have become o similar that one of the basic purposes for which _the par- ties were originally established-to pro- vide the voter with a choice of stands on important issues - has been subverted. When there is no candidate to represent the views of a minority, the constitution- al right of that minority to equal repre- sentation has been denied. This is the reason for Elise Boulding's becoming a candidate-to provide the voters with an alternative to LBJ's political consensus. It is essential that all those voters who find themselves faced with the dilemma of voting as their conscience guides them or of supporting the incumbent for fear of getting a more unacceptable new rep- resentative, choose the former course. It is in the latter case that the vote is really being thrown away. Concerned voters should not allow their moral sense to be blunted by "poli- tical reality" when that reality is re- pugnant to them. IF ALL THOSE who find themselves in the position of pleading with Vivian to find the "courage and integrity" to take a stand voted for the candidate who has already taken a stand, perhaps some morality could be injected back into the political process. -DAVID DUBOFF The By STEPHEN FIRSHEIN THERE HAVE been hundreds of minor clashes along the 50- mile Syrian-Israeli border since the end of the war in Palestine in 1949. The latest series of incidents, however, threatens to percipitate a new Middle East crisis, and has diverted the United Nations from its preoccupation with Viet Nam. Behind the typical Arab and Israeli charges and countercharges lies an ingrained hatred and the specific knotty question of water rights. THE MAJOR cause of the re- cent friction is the lack of a water- sharing pact between Israel, Sy- ria, Jordan, and Lebanon. In the Middle East, agreements exist between Egypt and Sudan for Nile water appropriation; and between Iraq anj Turkey for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. But the Jordan River continues to be polluted with Israeli-Arab mis- trust. The Jordan rises in the foothills of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, drops 650 feet below sea level at the Sea of Galilee, and then de- scends another 600 feet through the earth's deepest valley to the Dead Sea, 120 miles to the south. The muddy waters are pure gold to the bordering countries, who need the waters to irrigate the sere landscape of the region. IN 1953, Eric Johnston traveled to the Middle East as trouble- shooter for the Eisenhower admin- istration, his mission being to work out a regional scheme for the divi- sion of the Jordan River waters among the riparians. He noted that "it would not lake much imagination to envision what would happen in the way of sabo- tage and even bloodshed if the waters of the Jordan were to re- main unregulated indefinitely." The Johnston plan proposed splitting up the waters, with the Sea of Galilee to be used as a stor- age point for the entire area. As its share, Israel was to re- ceive 39 per cent-a figure which did not sit too well with Arab leaders who sounded like they were intent on destroying the in- fantile nation. The plan was scut- tled in 1955. JORDAN completed its own East Ghor Canal in 1958, obtaining, in fact, substantial American finan- cial backing. The aqueduct runs 43 miles south from the conflu- ence of the Jordan and Yarmuk rivers. Jordan's claim to its share of the Yarmuk river was not dis- puted by Israel. A year later, Israel announced its Kinneret-Negev project-a des- perately-needed scheme to irrigate the country's parched southern re- gion. Completed five years later, the $150 million investment repre- sented the most costly venture by Israel in its modern history. 'Ap- proximately 300 million cubic meters of water was diverted an- nually from the northwest tip of the Sea of Galilee to the Negev Desert; the total amount of water was less than that advocated by the Johnston proposal. THE ARAB states have been opposed to the plan since its in- ception and have sought to frus- Israeli-Syrian Controversy trate Israel's claim on the waters. In December, 1963, the military chiefs of 11 states agreed on a united plan of action, and in January, 1964, an Arab :3ummit meeting was held. President Nassar of the United Arab Republic urged a cautious approach to the problem: the Arabs were not prepared for war and therefore must not overbid their hand. The leaders cited the need for a water-allotment plan between Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan, and also proposed setting up a common defense system-since Israel can mobilize some 300,000 men in 72 hours. THE NON - MILITARY p 1 a n agreed upon was a diversion of the rivers which feed the Jordan from the north. The Arabs would shut the taps on Israel by dam- ing the Baniyas and Hasbani rivers, tributaries which originate in Lebanon and Syria. In addition, Jordan wanted to completely dam off the Yarmuk. Arab engineers at that time con- tended that Israel's Negev plan would leave the lower course of the Jordan Valley destructively saline, thus hurting some 200,000 Arab farmers. BUT THE Jordan government's diversion of the Yarmuk River for the Canal had brought about de- st;fictive salinity in certain areas anyway; and Arab farmers had to be reimbursed with large outlays of East Ghor water. (The Johnston plan would have provided the Israeli government with more water than they sought under their own plan, but would have compensated the loss to Arab farmers in the region with fresh water.) In January, 1965, Israeli Pre- mier Levi Eshkol warned that plans to dam the Baniyas and Hasbani rivers would be regarded as an "encroachment on our soil," because such a move would threat- en Israel's water supply. THE FIRST CLASH over Arab diversion projects occurred on March 17, 1965, in which time Israel strafed a Syrian village near the construction work. In August of the same year Syria attacked' the Israeli village of Almojon. This summer hostilities were re- newed along the uneasy armistice line. Responding to previous Sy- rian aggressions, Israeli fighter planes made a surprise attack on the Baniyas River project just in- side the Syrian border. Syrian Premier Youssef Zayyen abhorred the aggression, and said that a "peoples' war against Is- rael" was the best way to "liber- ate" Palestine and return it to Arab control. Syrian raids have continued for the past few months, and have been carried out by a terror group called "El Fatah" (The Conquest), as well as by government soldiers. ALTHOUGH RECENT Israeli action has brought sharp condem- nation from Kuwait, Iraq, Leb- anon and Jordan, the United Arab Republic has been remarkably re- strained. And herein lies the key to any further escalation of Middle East fighting. Observers don't feel that Syria will go it alone in a war against Israel. She needs the superior mili- tary forces of Egypt against the crack Israeli army. But Nassar hasn't shown himself willing to get involved in the Syr- ian-Israeli fracas because of do- mestic troubles over his interven- tion in Yemen. HE WAS instrumental in in- stalling the present pro-Cairo gov- ernment of Abdullah al-Sallal, and is now tied down to a war with no prospect of an early release. Some 40,000 of the best Egyptian troops are engaged in a futile 3- year effort to subdue the royalist armies of deposed Yemeni leader Iman Mohammed Badr. As the Yemen war drags on, the major powers in the Middle East are finding themselves taking sides. Opposed to the United Arab Republic is Saudi Arabia, under King Faisal's stern hand. When the British pull out of Aden in 1968, the Egyptian troops in Yemen will be in excellent position to bring pro-Nassar governments in the neighboring small states. What Nassar may be seeking is control of the Red Sea-a pros- pect appalling to Faisal. ALSO THE FIGHTING in Yemen has created much dissen- tion in the ranks of the Egyptian army, and Nassar's position is shakier than ever before. Syria, therefore, will probably not get the Egyptian aid she de- sires, but the long-standing feud between Israel and her neighbors will continue until the United Na- tions can produce an acceptable compromise. Viet Nam: U.S. Actions vs. Statements The University's Image Can't Change Its Function ONE WHO HAS sat in his sociology or economics class this semester and watched. plant department employes in- stall miles of chain keep-off-the-grass barricades, dig miles of trenches, and install numerous automatic sprinkler spigots is liable to contemplate the short and long range effects of this work. He can immediately see that these im- provements to Central Campus grounds will make the place look more ordered and well-tended.' He can also anticipate a restored cam- puis in less than a year, sodded, mani- cured and protected. A QUIET, PASTORAL campus will be an asset to the University in the next several months. , ® The University will celebrate its ses- quicentennial anniversary, and it will hope to impress guests and visitors in every way possible. A pleasing campus will be impressive. * The University will move into the latter stages of its $55 Million Campaign, the stages in which individual contribu- tions will be intensively solicited. It will be important to impress potential con- tributors that the University is the type of 'institution in which they will wish to invest. A quiet, shady, green campus will further this impression. * The University will hope to gain appropriations from the state Legisla- ture. It will help the University to show that it is undergoing constructive growth in a refined, academic, traditional man- ner. A well-ordered, well-kept campus wil further this impression. WHETHER CREATING this impression at this time was the intent of Uni- versity administrators or not, it is a good goal for the University. Editorial Staff MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH, Editor BRUCE WASSERSTEIN, Executive Editor CLARENCE FANTO HARVEY WASSERMAN Managing Editor Editorial Director LEONARD PRATT ........Associate Managing Editor JOHN MEREDITH ........ Associate Managing Editor CHARLOTTE WOLTER .. Associate Editorial Directot ROBERT CARNEY.......Associate Editorial Director ROBERT MOORE ................. Magazine Editor BABETTE COHN...............Personnel Director NIGHT EDITORS: Michael Heffer, Merle Jacob, Rob- ert Klivans, Laurence Medow, Roger Rapoport, Shir- lev Rosick. Neil Shister. CHARLES VETZNER.................Sports Editor JAMES TINDALL............ Associate Sports Editor JAMES LSOVAGE .. Associate Sports Editor GIL SAMBERG .......Assistant Sports Editor SPORTS NIGHT EDITORS: Grayle Howlett, Howard Kohn, Bill Levis, Bob McFarland, Clark Norton, Rick Stern, John Sutkus, Gretchen Twietmeyer, Dave weir. Business Staff SUSAN PERLSTADT, Business Manager JEFFREY LEEDS........Associate Business Manager HARRY BLOCH ..............Advertising Manager STEVEN LOEWENTHAL ........ Circulation Manager ELIZABETH RHEIM .............. Personnel Director However, it is important to remem- ber that the potential pastoral splendor of Central Campus cannot change the, function of the land. The University may be a showplace, but it is not a pas- ture, and as an academic institution it may be subject to the shocks of develop- ing thoughts. This means that debate on the steps of the General Library should not give an impression that the place is Palace Pandemonium-and more important, that the debators are fallen from grace be- cause they do 'not contribute to the pas- toral setting. It means that the University must never be embarrassed by its citizens, espe- cially as long as those citizens' activi- ties are based on academic interests. THIS DOES NOT MEAN that the Uni- versity administrators might intend to curtail free speech or the civil liber- ties of its citizens or faculty members. It only indicates that University adminis- trators should not consider these activi- ties detrimental to their concept of how the world should see the University at its 150th anniversary. It is urgent that all who are going to be involved in the presentation of the University examine their concept of what the University should be and how it should it serve its citizens. This may mean divergence from the pastoral poetry of the still-evolving Cep- tral Campus. --NEAL H. BRUSS Vote at 18 AlICHIGAN POLITICIANS are advocat- ing, but not really campaigning for, the 18-year-old vote. If it is going to be won, it is going to be won by students. The Citizens Committee for the Vote at 18 is the' channel we will have to work through. The group's activities in Ann Arbor will be handled by Student Gov- ernment Council and will require substan- tial student help. Young Democrats anC Young Republicans have already pledged their services for an election-day tele- phone effort, but there is much more to be done. This referendum' takes place in the midst of a nationwide trend towards al- lowing young Americans to take their rightful place in the voting booth. You can help. -STEVE SHAVELL T'he Bandf SOME WEEKS AGO on this page a let- ter appeared condemning the Michi- gan marching band for "not marching IF WE ACCEPT the official state- ments of our government, we must believe the following prop- ositions: 1-The United States is in Viet Nam solely to give the South Viet- namese a chance to establish the kind ofgovernment they want. 2-The United States will with- draw from Viet Nam as soon as a government acceptable to the people of the South is secure against attacks from the North. .3 - IF THE PEOPLE of the South want to join the North, or if they want to include the Viet Cong in their government, the United States will not object. We are not fighting a holy war against Communism. We are fighting for the right of the peo- ple of South Viet Nam to deter- mine their own political future. 4-We want no permanent mil- itary bases in Southeast Asia. 5-All killing in Viet Nam will stop as soon as the North Viet- namese stop killing the South Vietnamese. CANTHESE propositions be be- lieved? It is perhaps enough to say that they are not believed out- side the United States. The first reason is that South Viet Nam is the creation of the United States. It is as though the United States, having created the Republic of Panama in order to put through the canal, then asserted the right to bomb Colombia in order to as- sure the self-determination of the Panamanian people. WHAT KIND OF WORLD? By ROBERT M. HUTCHINS THE GENEVA agreements of 1954 did not contemplate the per-' manent division of Viet Nam. An election was to be held to de- cide how the whole country was to be governed. Gen. Dwight Eisenhower, the latest of those to favor "victory" at any price in Viet Nam, says in his book "Mandate for Change" that, if the election had taken place in 1954, possible 80 per cent of the people would have voted for Ho Chi Minh. American influence prevented the election scheduled for 1956. We cannot go around the world setting up governments in oppo- sition to the will of the people and expect to be believed when we say we are fighting for the right of the people to express their will. THE SECOND reason the state- ments of our government are not believed outside this country is that we have taken no action that makes them credible. To sus- pend bombing briefly, to escalate constantly, to establish what look like permanent bases in Thailand, to say nothing of those in Viet Nam itself-these are deeds thati prevent our words from being tak- en seriously. It is now admitted that the bombing of the North is ineffec- tive. Why not stop it? The build- up of Thailand is necessary only to support the bombing of the North. Why not stop that? IF WE ARE in South Viet Nam merely to protect its people, why not gather the people into en- claves and protect them? This would be a convincing demonstra- tion that we have no imperialistic designs in Southeast Asia. Short of some such demonstra- tion the killing in Viet Nam will continue. The statements of our government will not be believed. And we shall live in the shadow of thermonuclear war. Copyright, 1966, Los Angeles Times 0 Letters: The 'U's' Nu Sigma Nu Plan To the Editor: IN ALL THEIR agonizing over the arrangement between the University and Nu Sigma Nu, one central fact seems completely to have escaped the consciousness of the Daily writers. Harvey Wasserman, in his Fri- day editorial, refers to "the Uni- versity's plan to build Nu Sigma Nu fraternity with its own funds." THAT IMAGE, which has per- vaded the discussion from the be- ginning, seems a most peculiar way to represent an arrangement whereby the University will be- come the permanent owner of a $400,000 housing facility, for the use of which it will receive an income comparable to that receiv- ed from comparable facilities, without in the long run having ex- pended a nickel of its own money. For the fact of the matter is that all funds advanced by the University will be completely re- couped, with interest, in a 15 year period, and Mr. Wasserman would have been much closer to the truth if he had called it a "plan for the fraternity and its friends to build with their funds a housing facility for the Uni- versity." IS THAT FACT, which has been so sadly overlooked, not rather relevant to the questions which seem to have exercised the Daily: 1) whether there is any impro- priety in such an arrangement between the University and a pri- vate group, and 2) whether the arrangement is one about which the Legislature has an appropriate concern? I rather believe that if Mr. Was- serman all by himself wished to donate a house to the University which he would then rent back at going rates, I would be hard put to find in the transaction any disadvantage to the Universi-. ty, or any misuse of its resources. -Luke K. Cooperrider Professor of Law Suicide To the Editor: MR. DAVID KNOKE wrote an excellent story on suicide and student stress (Oct. 5), but he falsely used Moderator's recent article as a straw man. Moreover, he did not raise two important ality, nor is there any recog- nizable sign to indicate that a student is going to commit sui- cide. Suicide can be the ex- treme manifestation of a wide range of psychological or so- cial problems. More important, Mr. Knoke failed to ask two important ques- tions: 1) Could the campus men- tal health facilities at the Uni- versity of Michigan be more ef- fective in assisting students with severe emotional problems? 2) Could educational reforms at the University remove harmful stress from all students? The Moderator article ventured into these difficult areas. Mr. Knoke did not. THE NATIONAL and- adult press has blurred the issues of student suicide, student psychia- tric problems and general stu- dent stress. Moderator did not. I hope that, in the future, The Daily will not either. With the above qualifications, let me congratulate Mr. Knoke and The Daily. There were num- erous signs of independent re- search in your article, especially regarding the nature of the Uni- versity of Michigan campus. This is the most telling sign of a mature student newspaper. As such, the Daily remains among the best in the country. I look forward to your further examination of the problems of student stress and development on your campus. -Philip R. Werdell Moderator Editor Socialist Labor To the Editor: IAM NOT at all pleased the way newspapers on the whole are reporting the campaigns taking place in a number of sto',s for the November election a, the false impression is being c: eated that only the major parties have can- didates. This is to point out that Social- ist Labor Party candidates are also active and conducting cam- paigns on the issue of repudiat- ing capitalism and organizing for real Socialism. SOCIALIST Labor Party candi- dates are on the ballot in Massa- chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota (as the "Industrial Government Par- ty"), New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. Write-in 'campaigns are being waged by the SLP in California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, In- diana, Ohio, and Washingtpn. The reason the Socialist Labor Party has to appeal for write-in votes in the above states is be- cause their election laws are re- strictive. And this is supposed to be a free country! -Nathan Pressman Member of the Socialist Labor Party,,Ellenville, N.Y. * . , t, i x M ' .. .d. . 1R j.. \1 _ vl 'j a , , ".%k i .' ~.h}."n. ' tt' 3s . n. ..+ ' ' h. t ++ .. T ( ,' , ' ~ I , F. g' ,:;. \) The Daily To the Editor: r 4/'Tr (j6 . WHY, PRAY TELL, when the invoice for my subscription to the Daily arrived recently, did I feel compelled to surrepitiously stuff it into my pocket, so no one would know that "I subscrib- ed? Being humbly presumptuous; I think that it was because of the adolescent tomfoolery that has often studded the editorial page of an otherwise good journal. PERHAPS if by-lines/were not used, as is the custom of other good college dailies, people such as Pat (sorry for beating a dead horse) O'Donohue, and even the more responsible, who sometimes blow their respective cools (e.g., the recent Bruce Wasstrstein-Doc Losh fiasco), would not be tempt- ed to gratify the occasional Irre- sponsible urges to get sophomoric thoughts into print, for the Uni- versity community to behold, much to its vicarious embarrass- ment Please clean up your act so 04 - .