ERIDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1966 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE THREE fRDAY..S. EBR1.16 E MPGa E Y US.-Chinese Diplomacy: Short Cut to Peace? NEW YORK (M-)-The "longest game in modern history may have established floating" diplomatic averted war between the United States and Communist China and may yet provide the scene for a meeting of minds, says a former U.S. ambassador who once con- ducted negotiations with the Chi- nese Communists. For 11 years, through 130 se- cret formal sessions and other in- formal ones, U.S. and Communist Chinese have met, first in Gene- va and then in Warsaw, in what were largely ritual sessions of cold hostility. Kenneth T. Young, deputy U.S. representative to talks which brought about the truce in Korea, finds the meetings significant, especially in providing a channel "for reducing miscalculations." Young presents his views in a comprehensive accounts of the U.S. - Communist Chinese talks, published in the current issue of Foreign Affairs, quarterly of the Council on Foreign Relations. "When a crisis seemed to be building up over Laos in 1961," Young writes, "President Kennedy reportedly used the ambassadorial channel in Warsaw to warn that the United States would be com- pelled to intervene militarily, however unwillingly, if a cease- fire did not precede the opening of negotiations in Geneva. "Peking informed Washington via the Warsaw channel that it was serious about wishing to ne- gotiate rather than fight and that it hoped that the United States would cooperate in work- ing out an acceptable agreement for the neutralization of tne country. By preventing a serious miscalculation, Peking's notifi- cation averted a potential military clash and helped to assure tne diplomatic alternative of the Ge- neva conference of 1962 on Laos." Young cites another instance of the long-range effects of the tenuous Peking-Washington con- tact. This was during the For- mosa Strait crisis of 1958, when "the United States assembled the most powerful striking force in history and at the same time tried strenuously in the ambassadorial talks to negotiate a new staius for the offshore islands." This had several results, Young says. A much greater U.S. mili- tary presence emerged in East Asia than might otherwise have been the case. Rut the talks also contributed to the estrangement of Peking and Moscow: "Peking made the bitter discovery that its ally put limits on challenging Washington re- garding Peking's national 'irren- denta' unredeemed territories. Partially in retaliation against ally and enemyalike, Communist China is now uncompromisingly hostile to both and prevents ne- gotiation with either." According to Young, Washing- ton has used Warsaw talks to ex- pound a plan for political settle- ment in Viet Nam based on the 1954 Geneva agreements. This in- volves mutual de-escalation of military operations as a prelude to talks. China remains intract- able. The net result of 11 years of talks is that "the gap between the two governments is growing and the prospects for closer contacts seem remote," Young writes. Nevertheless, Young says, the contact has given Washington more continuous diplomatic con- tact and diversified dialogue with Peking than any other non-Com- munist western government has. switchboard for the U.S. president to talk to Peking and vice versa, and a device for exchanging views' on such critical issues as Viet Nam and Formosa. He concludes: "If we persist long enough in our 'sit-in,' it might some day become a place for a meeting of minds, not just of men, to explore such critical tasks as a guaranteed settlement for Southeast Asia, nuclear con- trol, the internal requirements of China, the regulation of the Tai- wan-Formosa Strait problem in all its aspects and the evolution of the triangular relations between Peking, Moscow and Washington." Red Guards Stage Mass X Peking Rally Crowd of Million Gathers in Plaza, Told To End Revolt TOKYO (RP)-Communist China's leaders Yesterday decreed a tem- porary halt to the month-long rampage of the young Red Guards and urged them to heln bring in the harvest. The orders were is- sued during a mass rally in Pe- king that amounted to a farewell party.1 Under. the gaze of party Chair- man Mao Tze-tung, Defense Min- ister Lin Piao who is Mao's heir apparent, and Premier Chou En- lai about a million Red Guards and soldiers jammed into the Plaza of Heavenly Peace, Japa- nese correspondents in Peking re- ported. The official New China News Agency said many Red Guards al- ready had scattered to the coun- tryside in many parts of China to help the peasants with the autumn harvest. An article in the People's Daily did not make clear whether the Red Guards, whose violenc'e for a time created turmoil and fightingt in China, would be allowed to re- sume their revolutionary drive1 later.1 "Under no circumstances must production , be allowed to slow down," People's Daily said. "Dur- ing the busy fall harvesting sea-. son, you may cease your revolu- tionary activities."E The paper said the Red Guards1 should learn from the peasants and laborers of China. Sayingt that there was no need for RedE Guards to try to "instill theirt revolutionary zeal" in factories or farms, People's Daily declaredf workers and farmers are "carry- ing out revlutionary activities of their own." This may have been a rebuke. Various reports of clashes be- tween Red Guards and other Chi-} nese throughout China have said1 the workers were in the forefront of the resistance. There also have been clashes between farners andE Red Guards, according to these reports. While they have been admon- ished to desist from revolutionary activity, at least until the har- vest is in, the rally under the high auspices of Mao and De- fense Minister Lin showed the ISmthSays APPEARS DOOME Acceptance Civil Righ Improbable Reprieved L d A tiif 44 .V. ,Il 1T\- . ts Housing Bill Until Monday r. COMMAND PILOT Charles Cor out of his rubber rescue raft in of Conrad and his space twin, l three-day Gemini 11 mission. 3 DAYS IN SPACE Conrad,C Gemini 11 ABOARD USS GUAM (P) - Glinting in the tropical sun, Gemini 11 guided its proud pilots to a breathtaking, bull's eye land- ing yesterday in the Atlantic, home safe and sound from three historic days in space. The band played. The sun shone. Navy Cmdr. Charles Con- rad r. and Lt. Cmdr. Richard F. Gordon Jr. strode briskly, arms swinging, across the ship's deck, holders of seven space records. They let it be known they were thrilled. Gordon, America's new- est spacewalker, came home with this declaration of earth after their ride to a record altitude of 850 miles: "Boy, it's really round. Records Set -The Gemini 11 astronauts set' these records on their three-day flight: -- Latusf-ltiiate WASHINGTON ('P)-President F Rhodesian Refusal Johnson's open housing civil the rights bill, apparently doomed by an Of British Demands the Senate, got a reprieve until to Monday. to LONDON 6P) - Commonwealth It came yesterday in a second tw leaders last night wound up 10 petition to shut off Senate talk ba lays of angry talks expecting Rho- and force action on the bill tne th Iadesia's rebel rulers will reject Bri- House approved Aug. 9. ta: i's call for surrender. To do this would take a two- 7 Ian Smith, prime minister of thirds vote, and even the men ed the breakaway colony, reported who sponsored the move ackiowl- th -Associated Press from Salisbury they may be right. edged it is likely to fail.C .-rso ale y N yh sa tep He proclaimed next Nov. 11_ "We'll climb if our. absentees er nrad Jr. is congratulated by a Navy frogman as he is about to step first anniversary of the day the are back," said Sen. Philip A. tio the Atlantic Ocean yesterday. The scene followed the splashdown white minority seized independ- Hart. (D-Mich.) who watched a tia Richard F. Gordon Jr., marking the end of their record-breaking ence-a public holiday, a day debate-halting effort fall 10 votes for during which Rhodesians should short of Senate approval Wednes- ml celebrate what he called "the day.I greatest day in Rhodesia's his- Senate Democratic Leader Mike fea tory." Mansfield agreed. But neitner Se No mention was made Prie man claimed enough votes can si ae of Pre be changed and added to reverse Minister Harold Wilson's ulti- Wednesday's outcome. I ondematum to return to British con- trol before the year is up-or face the wrath and compulsory t Sew R ec r G'sanctions of the United Nations.: rdN w Last Chance Smith has yet to react formally - Gemini 10 set the old mark of scientific and technical experi- to "the last chance" Wilson of- By The Associated Press 476 miles. ments missed on previous Gemini fered him Wednesday to compro-a e First flight of tethered vehicles flights. mise. WASHINGTON - A move to b -Gemini 11 and the Agena satel- Mission goals set for Gemini' In Lusaka, capital of neighbor- strip Rep. Adam Clayton Powell, He lite flew three hours tied to- 1 pilots Charles Conrad Jr. and ing Zambia, passions generated (D-N.Y.), of his powers as chair- pr gether with a 100-foot cord. Gordonr " all accomplishedE. by Wilson's refusal to unleash man of the House Education and in Longest extra-vehicular activ- and more," said Dr. George E fierce action against Smith ran Labor Committee was disclosed lic ity-Astronaut Richard F. Gor- M e sae ditor high. Foreign minister Simon yesterday by Rep. Sam H. Gib- ar don Jr. was exposed to the vacu- oftiannsAeronautics and Space Kapwepwe returned home from bons, (D-Fla.), a leader of the in National ArnuisadSae!,(-l.,a edro h um of outer space, two hours and Administration. the London talks to report to revolt. .e 52 minutes. Astronaut Eugene A. Fl oceded ho'ever t President Kenneth Kaunda, main- Gdspe Cernan set the old mark of two a news conference at Houston. taming that Wilson is a racist ibbons said he nsxt mrve hours and 10 minutes on Gem- ento o and an imperialist out to pre- in the committee next Thursday ini 9. Tex., that Navy Lt. Cmdr. Gor-sev white domination over Rho- If or the adoption of new rules abi ini 9. . ~ ~~~~*don's exhausting experiences dur- iserve htdmnainveRh-htwudpacPwe'soerm First automatic re-entry-Astro- ing his walk in space show "we've desia's four million black Afri- that would place Powell's powers m nauts on previous flights have got a lot to learn" about men cans. The bearded African seemed ithand of six sucmmtee dm either manually controlled the obiiusoteaplg h rt chairmen. He said he expects to spacecraft or shot back on a bal- working outside a spacecraft. ish said they had received from win. isicore"We don't understand this ex-(I istic coursetra-vehicular activity-EVA," said his colleague Finance Minister Powell, who had learned of Gib- tra-ehiula aciviy-EV, sid rthr Wna.boii's plan, called a news confer- Men Not Horses Dr. Robert R. Gilruth, director of Arthur Wina. mbossselneclledGabnscone- Gemini project officials lauded NASA's Manned Spacecraft Cen-s en be e Gbosddiclosesi the success of Gemini 11 and ter at Houston, Tex. "We've done On Viet Nam they noted with and accused the Florida Congress- said difficulties encountered dur- EVA maneuvers on Gemini 4, particular concern" that since man of reaching and l n ing astronaut Richard F. Gordon Gemini 9, 10 and now 11. they had last met in January the political irresponsibilitynla new Jr.'s shortened space walk taught "Each time we've felt we conflict had intensified. "They high in racial hysteria." them "we're dealing with men learned from the past-we've expressed deep anxiety at thei* and not horses." made changes and tried to im- tragic and mounting loss of life WASHINGTON-France, which They also announced the next prove our equipment. From his and devastation in Viet Nam and during the first half of this year! and final flight in America's two- flight, all we can conclude is were conscious of the danger that drained $323.5 million from the man program, Gemini 12, has, that we aren't quite sure what it the conflict might spread and de- U.S. gold supply, has made an ad- been extended from three to four is we're missing." velop into a major international vance payment of $70.8 million on days. Beyond Space Suit conflict." its debt to the United States. This will permit completion of "It seems to me the problem goes beyond the space suit in this case," Gilruth continued. "The SE ne A'Ionth work load that has been generated by a man exceeds the work load -It A 11i LIC~TICT e first vote-three supporters d one opponent of the effort end debate. The vote was 54 42. Since 96 senators voted, the o-thirds needed by the bill's ckers was 64, or 10 more than ey got. Blocked Action The eight-day debate has block- action on Hart's motion to put e bill before the Senate. Senate Republican Leader Ev- ett M. Dirksen, whose .pposi- on assured rejection of the ini- l cloture bid, said the new ef- rt is based on frail, futile last- inute hope. Aswed whether a Monday de- at would put the bill on the nate shelf, Mansfield said mply: "I'm afraid so." New Proposal Hart said he believes if the Four senators were absent in, is dropped, Johnson will send bill Congress a new, similar proposal next year. A new bill in a new Congress would have to begin all over again the path to approval. And Hart acknowledged it would be responsible for the House, which passed the controversial measure in an election year, to insist that the Senate act first next time. This would create new prob- lems, since Sen. James 0. East- lands, D-Miss., a bitter foe of civil rights legislation, heads the Senate Judiciary Committee. Sen- ate leaders were able to bypass the Judiciary Committee this time by putting the House- passed bill directly on the Sen- ate calendar. Open Housing Section .A compromise open housing section is a key target of opposi- tion to the measure. But both Mansfield and Hart, the bill's chief Senate sponsor, said there is no plan to drop that provi- sion in an effort to gain support for the. rest of the bill. The measure also includes pro- visions aimed against discrimina- tion in jury selection, would au- thorize government - sponsored court action against any violator of federally protected rights, and would make it a federal crime to use force or threats to intimidate civil rights workers. Dirksen, who has focused his criticism on ' the open housing provision has indicated he would not support the 'bill even if it were eliminated. Dirksen and -his allies also have criticized the jury selection provisions. I i Roundup. This was announced yesterday Secretary of the Treasury enry H. Fowler who said the epayment will reduce France's debtedness to about . $300 mil- on on post--World War II loans nd financial settlements result- g from the war and postwar riod. Since 1947, France has repaid bout $1.85 billion of which $810 illion was paid in advance of the ates specified in the loan agree- ent. ---I , --I- Fastest rendezvous and dock- ing-First orbit. The old mark was three orbits. First rendezvous using on-board equipment-Other flights got help from the ground. First-multiple docking in space -Each astronaut did it twice. Highest altiture - 850 miles. CIA Serves ( SHABBAT SHUVAH The Sabbath of Return TONIGHT 7:15 Special Prayers with the Liturgy Chanted by THE HILLEL CHOIR B'NAI B'RITH HILLEL FOUNDATION 1429 Hill Street All Are Welcome : 4:.:'?"":. . ... r:??."""{ :?: ;;:::;":::t'g;}:?"r?""S%.;:?:I:. .'? ;;7"t ? t !:.t Y!:" {, rs.p"'$d. v~e:".+rrr' ~ dr:r k:"'i~i ."l { 1: .V"A>'r.t. -.-Y".::".r-'-.-V-.-.-,-.-.-.-.-.-.-,-.-.-. ....de{. ."? .G. kC::. Red Guards still stood high in that is reasonable to ask of a off icial favor. m~,r T~-tatnsraonbet.ako *M aasAsilent, asthe had beenN oticrCharles W. Dathews, Gemini at two big Red Guards rallies last program manager at the Manned month at the height of the teen- WASHINGTON (R)-The Cen- Tofte put his side of the case Spacecraft Center, said officials ager campaign against anti-Mao tral Intelligence Agency served to newsmen during the inquiry, will study the situation hard to and foreign elemtns. There have a one-month dismissal notice yes- and it was understood that one see how it will affect Gemini 12 been numerous reports that he is terday on Hans V. Tofte, the vet- reason the board recommended plans. poor health and a Honk Kong eran agent who has been at odds his ouster was that it was felt Gemini 12 astronaut Edwin E. paper has said he has cancer of with his CIA bosses. the publicity had reduced his val- Aldrin Jr., with command pilot him to speak at length. Adhering to the supersceeret ue in an undercover profession. James A. Lovell at the controls, Speaking first, Lin urged the agency's policy of saying as little Tofte's Northwest Washington currently plans to take a space Red Guards "to uphold Chair-I as possible publicly, a CIA spokes- house was up for rental or sale wallk of at least 90 minutes. man Mao's teachings, strengthen man declined to go beyond this that July weekend and one of Aldrin's main task will be to the power of the revolution by announcement: "A letter is going those coming to the premises was try and maneuver with a rocket- uniting with the workers, py out today notifying Mr. Tofte of a CIA man. CIA's version was powered back pack. Gemini 9 as- sants and soldiers, and fire-y termination of his contract with- that this employe went to Tofte's tronaut Eugene A. Cernan had conentatn rod uctn." m in 30 days." home purely as a would-be renter, to abandon plans to use a similar concentrate on productionNo comment was immediately that he saw some secret CIA ma- pack when overwork shortened ~available from Tofte, 55, whose terial there in violation of CIA his space walk. Read intelligence career began with the regulations, and that he there- Sixteen scientific and techni- Re d anti-Nazi underground in World after returned with another CiA cal experiments, plus different D yWar I.w dI de agent to pick up the material. types of rendezvous approaches Weekend Incident Tofte contended they entered his to an Agena target satellite, also Tofte got into trouble with his household under- false pretenses will be attempted during the CIa ssif ied s CIA superiors over' a July 23-24 and violated his constitutional Gemini 12 mission, now scheduled weekend incident. rights as a citizen. to begin Oct. 31. ___ __ __ __ __ __ __I&__IiA I r-rIAA C fI' I f 1 i s t r, i t s e i l 42 HILL STREET "THE DRIVIN' WHEELS" A ONE DOLLAR COVER CHARGE ENTITLES YOU TO ALL YOU CAN EAT AND THE OUTSTANDING ENTERTAINMENT OF THIS CAMPUS'S MOST FAMOUS BLUES BAND. FRI., SEPT. 16, 8:30 ".}L i{Y i{4 :":1' YJ, :j S";' " ii !! petitioning is now open for the SESQU ILENTEN N IAL. 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