FRIDAY, JANUARY 13, 1967

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

PAGE THREE

VietPacification: Concentrating Teams in I

Iamlet

EDITOR'S NOTE: With the wreck-
age of past efforts bleak in the
background, American and South
Vietnamese officials are cautiously
scaling down the scope of their
pacification program for 1967. In
this third article of a five-part
series, Peter Arnett takes a close.
look at this year's plans for win-
ning the support of the millions
of Vietnamese for the Saigon gov-
ernment.
By PETER ARNETT
SAIGON (AP) - Will the 1967
Vietnamese pacification program,
costing more money than any of
its predecessors and backed by a
vaster organization, succeed where
all other attempts foundered?

Haunted by past errors andI
current problems, the American
and Vietnamese officials who
have staked their reputations on
the creation of a "New Society"
in 1967 are franker than in other
years.
Old hands within the U.S. mis-
sions detect a freer flow of ideas,
a greater willingness to give and
take criticism.
Pacification Teams
This openness led the minister
of revolutionary development, Maj.
Gen. Nguyen Duc Thang, to com-
ment that his 59-member pacifi-

cation teams, the core of the new
program, "are afraid of difficul-
ties, of hardships and of self sac-
rifice."
Recognized by Americans as a
man of drive and imagination,
Thang not only has the mighty
task of building a working pro-
gram to drive Viet Cong influ-
ence from the hamlets and vil-
lages. He also has to sell his pro-
gram to the Vietnamese military
corps commanders who rule vir-
tually as war lords in their do-
mains. They can easily torpedo
programs coming out of Saigon.

The American community is
cleaning house in preparation for
the 1966 effort, the biggest yet on
pacification. A civilian American
chief has been appointed to each
of the country's four regions and
has been granted vast power.
Streamline Effort
But the Americans involved in
the new pacification effort stress
that the biggest thrust must come
from the Vietnamese. "Streamlin-
ing our effort 20 per cent will
mean nothing unless the Viet-
namese streamline their effort,"
one says.

How do the Vietnamese plan to
conquer the vast problems of paci-
fication?
The 1967 program recognizes
that the goals must be limited,
that quality must dominate all
thinking. "For the first time, paci-
fication guidelines for 1967 don't
forecast victory at the end of the
year. That is progress for reality,"
one American commented.
Cores of Hamlets
Instead of scattershot projectsj
dotted throughout provinces, paci-
fication teams will concentrate on
small cores of hamlets in 1967,1

each team remaining in a hamlet
six months or longer to get the
job done.
What is the nature of the job?
The Communist Viet Cong have
built up over the years a network
in most of Vietnam's hamlets that
has defied destruction. The gov-
ernment's answer to this in 1967
will be to secure specially selected
regions with Vietnamese military
forces, possibly as much as one
half of the 300,000 man Army.
Teams trained in "agit-prop"
techniques will assist the hamlet
populations in building bridges,

schools and other local projects.
The teams will try to mold a
feeling of responsibility in the
villages so that eventually the vil-
lagers can take over the burdens
of administration and security
themselves.
Development Cadres
About 25,000- revolutionary de-
velopment cadres are already in
the field. U.S. officials hope to
raise the total to 60,000 by the
end of the year.
The problems are all too evident.
By necessity, the manpower pool
for cadres is limited. Province

chiefs have misused the teams in
some cases, detailing them as per-
sonal bodyguards or having them
do menial work for regular troops.
And the peasant, tired of 20
years of war and long hours in the
paddyfield is difficult to convince
that group activities with his
neighbors will benefit him.
American officials say however,
that perhaps 50 per cent of the
teams are performing satisfactor-
ily. They argue there is enough
success in enough areas to prove
that the program is basically
sound and that it offers hope.

-4

aoOrders
As OpIponei
Chou En-lai-__
Splitting with
Mao Faction
Workers Demands
Declared Source of
Present China Unrest
By The Associated Press
TOKYO (IP) - Mao Tse-tung
yesteday ordered a complete over-
haul of his army's Military Cul-
tural Revolutionary Committee,
the watchdog of the increasingly
crucial armed forces, in an effort
to weed out army dissidents as his
opponents "mobilized."
Radio -Peking, under Mao's con-
trol, reported that he received
guarantees of army loyalty in
response to an appeal, but an
editorial in the Liberation Army Concrete pipes and manhole covers, suc
Daily admitted that "stubborn street, are used by North Vietnames for
elements" still exists within its assistant managing editor of the New Y
ranks. Hanoi.
Mao was reported back in Pe-
king taking personal charge of his ONGRESSONAL IN
struggle against the faction head-. CONGRESSIONAL INV
ed by President Liu Shao-chi.
Declaration of Loyalty "
Peigrdosi a' elwas met by immediate declara- In d o n esia C_.
Peking radio said Mao's appeal
tions of loyalty on all sides for the
leadership of the 2.5-million-man
Chinese people's army. Involvement
Mao's opponents are "mobilizing
to an unusual extent," according
to a Czechoslovak news agency JAKARTA. Indonesia (41) - A Maj.
analysis from Peking. congressional investigation to see Congre
"Stubborn Elements" if President Sukarno was connect- cast th
The editorial in the army news- ed with the attempted Communist an acc
paper conceded, the existence of coup in 1965 was announced yes- the col
dissidents with this declaration: terday. It amounted to the sharp- reporte
"Let's start a struggle against est move taken to date against of the
the handful of stubborn elements Sukarno, still president but no other g
within the military who follow a longer the country's guiding Witn
bouregois and reactionary line." power. rectly
The Czechoslovak news agency New of the impending investiga- testifiee
CTK singled out Premier Chou tion coincided with the capture move t
En-lat as a top leader who, by of Brig. Gen. Supardjo, one of the with o
presenting himself as a protector organizers of the coup and an ap- mornin
of President'Liu and party Secre- parent trusted friend of Sukarno. Supa
tary-General Teng, had started The decision to hold a congres- coup le
disassociating himself from their ional inquiry was made by Gen, talked
enemies. Abdul Haris Nasution, chairman
It cited recent statements by security minister at the time of witness
Chou as evidence "that a breach the attempted coup in October saw Su
is occurring in the group centered 1965:
around the so-called line of Mao
and tin." Place Blame Supa
Protection Sukarno, who fired Nasution Halim
"In reality," the dispatch added, last February, sought in a state- the cou
"Chou assumes the protection of ment to Congress on Tuesday to war Sa
the Chinese People's Republic and place at least part of the blame leader.
of the secrtary-general of the par- for the coup on him. Abou
ty Central Committee, denouncing
categorically all personal attacks
"uite significantly, Chou says World News I
 he is doing so at Mao's request.
At the same time, he supports a
number of his deputies, leading WASHINGTON W) - The fed- Educat
party and government figures, who ,e r a I government threatened Gov. C
have also been sharply criticized." (Thursday to cut off federal wel- immedi
It concluded that Chou's atti- fare funds to Alabama, unless it lared:
tude "can be regarded as an at- ,gives adequate assurance within bluff c
tempt to introduce order and to 'six weeks that it will administer
insure the minimum functioning rrelief without racial discrimina- Wall
of important economic and polit- tion. an inj
ical bodies. The consequences of In response to the mandate of fed
Chou's attitude certainly means from Secretary John W. Gardner amoun
his secession from Lin Piao's of the Department of Health, fiscal
group."

rmy Change
Mobilize'

BEFORE OTHER MEASURES:
Romney Demands Legislature
Consider Tax Reform Soon

its


FOR.PROTECTION
ch as those shown above being carried through a Hanoi
protection in homes and schools. Harrison E. Salisbury,
York Times, made this picture during his recent visit to
TESTIGATION:f
h ecks Suka rnos
in October, Coup

MOSCOW ( )-A tremendous
vigilance campaign is sweeping
across the Soviet Union in a
Kremlin effort to remove the last
traces of friendship with Red
China under Mao Tse-tung.
The Soviet Communist party
thateonce preached brotherhood
with the Chinese is now saying to
the world that China under partyI
Chairman Mao has become a po-
tential enemy.
Communist sources say this
campaign to establish a new cli-;
mate of public opinion is un-
matched by any internal propa-
ganda effort in the last decade.
Central Committee
The campaign was decided upon
at a meeting Dec. 12-13 of the
parti's Central Committee, its
-main policy forum.
The party general secretary
Leonid I .Brezhnev, spoke for 3 1
hours, the sources said. Much of
his speech was devoted to the'
,bitter hostility in Soviet-Chinese'
relations that has been welling up'
since Mao launched his "great
proletarian cultural revolution."
Military Danger
Sources say Brezhnev and other
speaker mentioned the possibility
of military danger from China,
which claims some Soviet territory,
in Siberia.
Warning
For the last eight days, Bre-
zhnev and other party leaders,
have been touring the Soviet
Union warning of the new danger,
exposing, stepping up the internal
struggle to local party officials.
The Communist sources sum-
marized this as a vigilance cam-
paign to alert the nation to what
the sources called a change in
China.

LANSING (W) - Gov. George
Romney today told the Legislature
in his State of the State message
yesterday he would spend no mo-
bey for the next fiscal year unless
the Legislature first considers his
proposals for tax reform.
The Republican governor told
the 74th session of the Legislature
that tax action is the "No 1 job of
this legislative session."
Declaring financial stability
Michigan's greatest problem, Rom-
neu outlined recommendations
ranging from taxes to time stan-
Sdards.
Although Romney failed to use
the politicall painful words "in-
come tax," the former American
Motors president made it clear
that's what he's trying to sell.
When the governor comes up
with his budget proposals a couple
of weeks hence, he's expected by
many observers to recommend a
personal income tax of 3 per cent
and a corporate income tax of
about 5 per cent.
As in the past, the income tax
proposal will be coupled with a
recommendation that other levies
be eliminated or reduced-such as
the sales tax on food and drugs
along with the business activities
tax, which both Republicans and
Democrats have agreed should be
dropped.
Executive office sources say the
whole package will come as stan-
dard equipment, however, and will
not be offered in a stripped-down
model. Only a few optional items,
such as a choice between elim-
ating city income taxes or allow-
ing them to ride piggy-back on
the state levy as a percentage of
the state income tax, may be sug-
gested.
In his first year in office, Rom-
new warned in 1963 that "within
two years under the present tax
structure with relatively good
yield and with only present pro-
gram levels we will once more be
in a deficit position."
Yet, the treasury surplus was
57 million in 1964, $136 million

in 1965 and $167 million in 1966
-without tax reform.
It appears to most financial ex-
perts, however, that the moment
of truth is fast approaching. Be-
cause of a decline in auto sales,
and the resulting slump in sales
tax revenues, the surplus probab-
ly will fall to $50 million next

June. Michigan-something two Dem-
"The 1967-68 budget now being ocratic governors failed to do--
prepared will require about $110would be a feather in Romney's
preard wllreqir abut$11 Icap and might enhance his na-'
million in new revenue merely to tional image as a potential 1968
'continue the programs now under- GOP presidential candidate.
Senators, Deny Accepting
Baker's Campaign Rules
WASHINGTON UP) - Some mammoth Los Angeles concern,

i

prominent members of Congress
dropped their legislative chores
yesterday to go to U.S. District
Court and deny they received any
1962 campaign funds from Bobby
Baker.
The reason for their sensation-,
stirring trek to the witness stand
was previous testimony. that
bundles of $100 bills, enclosed in
bulging envelopes and totaling
$66,300 were delivered to Baker
in Washington hotel rooms that
year.
According to the testimony, the
money was donated by executives
of the California savings and loan
business, and was intended for the
campaigns of legislators up for
re-election.
Baker, former secretary to the
Senate Democratic majority, is on
trial on multiple charges, includ-
ing income tax evasion and pock-
eting $80,000 intended to finance
campaigns.
Kenneth E. Childs, who in 1962
was president of the Home
Savings & Loan Association, a

testified that he had had a talk
with Baker who suggested that
'savings' and loan people should
get more active in polids.
Childs said Baker mentioned
the following as being in "strong
need" of campaign money: Sens.
Carl Hayden (D-Ariz), Thruston
B. Morton (R-Ky.), Everett M.
Dirksen (R-Ill.), Wallace F. Ben-
nett (R-Utah), Frank Carlson
(R-Kan.), J. W. Fulbright (D-
Ark), George A. Smathers (D-
Fla.), and Rep. Wilbur D. Mills
(D-Ark).
The first congressional witness
to take the chair yesterday was
Mills, 28 years in Congress and
now chairman of the House Ways
and Means Committee.
When Hayden, in his 80's and
hobbling on a cane, climbed to the
witness stand, defense attorney
Williams jumped up again to say
he would stipulate-agree without
testimoney - that Hayden got
none of the money. Similar stip-
ulations were entered into with
regard to Dirksen and the others
so none of them got to testify.

way-merely to stand still," Rom-
ney warns, adding:
"But I do not intend to present
a standstill budget for the coming
fiscal year. New programs are ur-
gently needed in the public in-
terest. And new sources of revenue
will be required to pay for them."
Accomplishing fiscal reform for

Suporo, a spokesman for
ss, said in a radio broad-
at Nasution soon will give
aunt of his responsibility in
up attempt. Nasution was
d to be one of the targets
plotters, who killed six
generals.
esses at trials of those di-
invoved in the coup have
d that Sukarno made no
o stop it even after talking
ne of its leaders on the
g of the coup attempt.
rdjo, the newly arrested
ader, was among those who
to Sukarno that morning,
es said. They said they
karno pat him on the back.
Arrested
rdjo was arrested near
airbase, headquarters for
up attempt, along with An-
anusi, a former Communist
Lt 5,000 students massed
loundup
ion and Welfare, Alabama
3eorge C. Wallace promised
ate court action and de-
"They're going to get their
alled."
ace said the state will seek
unction against any cutoff
eral welfare funds. They
it to $95.8 million in the
year ending June 30.

outiside the University of Indone-
sia in their first major turnout
since last October. They heard
speeches by student leaders con-
denining Sukarno and accusing
him of being involved in the coup
attempt.

1

h.

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- - /

GALA ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION
at £tnitt
featuring
the AMERICANS PLUS ONE,
Special Day: Friday the Thirteenth
Special Place: "Club 600" South Quad
Special Price: FREE FREE FREE
Free Balloons for the Kiddies
COME WITH OR WITHOUT A DATE


You Are Invited on Saturday Afternoon
January 14 at 3 p.m. to a commemoration of
WORLD RELIGION DAY
Speaker will be SUNDRA MAYYARD
Topic: "THE UNITY OF RELIGIONS"
These questions will be answered:
1. Is interracial marriage the answer to racial prejudice?
2. What is the meaning of the return of Christ?

3 P.M. Saturday, Jan. 14
Room 3A, Michigan Union

presented by the Bah'a'i Student Group

I

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"
'

As seen in SEVENTEEN
,hip horer
rich- poor boy,
rib knit
on thet
square
\5,00

f,

I

This is MUSKET,

IS OPEN
during your day
Stop in for coffee, doughnuts, hot cider
also

;5. 4
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. it II

I. _
:i1

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I


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Young fashion geometry, from square neckline

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