THURSDAY, JANUARY 12, 1967

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

PAGE THREE

Salisbury: Hanoi CannotBe Forced To Ne

rotiate

HONG KONG (A)-Harrison E.
Salisbury, an assistant managing
editor of the New York Times,
said yesterday he does not believe
that Communist North Vietnam
cas be "compelled to come to a
conference table."
"These people strike me as being
very tough, very hardy, very in-
dependent and very courageous,"
Salisbury said in a taped interview
with Radio Hong Kong after his
two-week visit to North Vietnam.
"They said, and I rather believe
them, that you cannot drag them
to the conference table: that they
can't be beaten into submission.
"They would rather go back to
the jungles and the mountains
and fight a guerilla war for 20
years against the United States
as they did against the French."
Hanoi Visit
Reporting his findings during

two weeks of talks and observation
in the Communist capital, Salis-
bury said he did not believe a
serious military defeat would force
Hanoi into negotiations.
"I think there are two circum-
stances which highly color the
thinking of the North Vietnam-
ese," Salisbury said.
"One is their defeat. of the
French at Dien Bien Phu. This is
their greatest achievement, to
their way of thinking, and I think
that they cannot help when they
are considering the prospect of the
further course of the war, they
can't help believing that some-
time there may be an opportunity
for a Dien Bien Phu against the
United States.
"Secondly I believe that they
are deeply conditioned by their
experience, first with the French
in the negotiations immediately

after the war and then again with
the results of the Geneva negoti-
ations. In both cases they feel,
rightly or wrongly, that they were
let down, that they reached an
agreement and the other side re-
fused to abide by them.
Need Reassurance
"As a result of that they say,
time and again quite openly, that
they have to be doubly sure this
time if they go into negotiations
it's going to be one in which the
agreement can be enforced. And
those terms, "an agreement which
can be enforced," were used spe-
cifically to me by Pham Van Doag,
their prime minister."
Salisbury said American policy
with regard to the bombing of
North Vietnam "seems to me to
have been a little bit unclear."
"We started it with the con-
tention that it was designed toI

bring the North Vietnamese to
the conference table. In other
words, we would increase the mili-
tary pressure on them and when
they felt it enough, they would
be willing to negotiate.
"Well, we have been at it for
nearly two years and, as far as I
can see, .negotiations are just
about as far away as ever."
New Bombing Theory
Salisbury said that he had
heard a more recent explanation
that the bombing is aimed at im-
proving morale in South Vietnam
"by showing them that we were
really hurting the North Viet-
namese regime."
"Now if the second reason is
the main purpose," he said, "I
think we have hurt the North
Vietnamese by bombing."
Salisbury said that from what
he observed during his visit to

North Vietnam, most of the coun-
try has become the target of the
bombers.
Evident Damage
"That is to say, you could sel-
dom travel a mile anywhere in the
country without seeing visible evi-
dence of the bombing offensive
somewhere along the way," he
said.
He said the reason for this is
that the prime military objectives
of U.S. planes are North Vietnam's
highways, bridges and railroads
which ususally run parallel to the
highways.
"So, when you travel along in
the country to see the bomb dam-
age, you don't have to be shown
the bomb damage, it's right there.
"And, inevitably, when you're
bombing a railroad, or a highway,
and the highway or the railroad
runs through villages, the villages

get it along with the highway."
Agrarian Land
Salisbury observed that these
were the main objectives, as noted
in U.S. military communiques, be-
cause North Vietnam is a simple
agrarian land with no complex
industries that he could see.
Salisbury said that as far as he
could see there don't seem to be
many oil depots left in North Viet-
nam.
"They've all been knocked out
by the bombing," he asserted.
Salisbury was asked whether
he saw any evidence of indiscrim-
inate bombing of civilians and
nonmilitary targets.
Houses Hit'
"Yes, it is bound to happen and
you run into the eternal question
which cannot be resolved: what
the bombardier was attempting
to hit when he dropped the bombs

and what he actually hit," Salis-
bury replied.
Salisbury said he saw many in-
stances where bombs had de-
stroyed houses and small shops.
It has happened so often, he add-
ed, that the North Vietnamese are
now convinced that it is U.S. pol-
icy to bomb civilians.
Antiaircraft Batteries
Asked whether he saw evidence
to support U.S. claims that the
hard-hit city of Nam Dinh is
ringed with antiaircraft batteries,
Salisbury said it certainly had
antiaircraft protection, as do all
of the larger towns in North Viet-
nam.
"All I can say is, I didn't see
any ring of antiaircraft defenses
anywhere except around Hanoi,'
he added. "There are plenty of
them around Hanoi."

Salisbury said that he got the
impression that antiaircraft de-
fenses in the countryside weie
fairly sparse.
"If there were 500 antiaircraft
batteries in the whole Hanoi-
Haiphong complex, I would be
quite astonished," he said.
Freedom to Write
The newsman, a former cor-
respondent for the Times in Mos-
sow, said he was able to do his
job "remarkably well" during his
stay because he could write "quite
freely" and the Communist au-
thorities let his dispatches go
through uncensored.
Salisbury said restrictions placed
on him during his two-week stay
in Hanoi were "mild considering
the fact that this is a country
engaged in a very tough war."


I

Peking

Calls

For

Assault

ICAPITAL REACTIONS:
Congress Wary of Tax Rise;
Social Security Has Priority

On Anti=-Maoist

Elements
son start a new assault on the order to destroy the cultural rev(
coounterrevolutionary line," the lution"

i
0'

TOKYO (P)-The Chinese Com-
munist party Central Committee
called on the army and "all revo-
lutionary forces" yesterday to
"start a new assault" on the foes
of Mao Tse-tung, Radio Peking
announced. So far as is known, the
army has taken but little part in
the purge sweeping China.
As the call went out,.wall post-
ers in Peking said strikes and
sabotage by workers and others
opposing the purge had spread
from Canton in the south to the

Taching oil fields in the extreme
north. Canton radio broadcast re-
peated alerts to electrical workers
to prevent sabotage in the city's
power plants.
Japanese press reports from Pe-
king said rail traffic was virtually
paralyzed on the mainland be-
cause many railway workers had
flocked to Peking to take part in
the purge, as has been the fash-
ion of Mao's militant young Red
Guards. Wall posters quoted Pre-
mier Chou En-lai as urging the

workers to return to their jobs.
A Chinese language broadcast
said the Central Committee's
statement was issued jointly with
the ruling State Council, the par-
ty's military committe and cul-
tural revolutionary workers.
Shanghai Example
"We call on all parties, govern-
ments, military, people, workers,
farmers, revolutionary students,
intellectuals and leaders to learn
the experience of the Shanghai
revolutionary workers and in uni-

MEDICAL BREAKTHROUGH:
Successful Heart Transplants:.
Dogs Survive After Surgery

statement said.I
The statement was referring to
pro-Mao forces in Shanghai,
where strikes and violence earlier
had been reported by the People's
Daily.
This call was coupled with an
editorial appearing in the People's
Daily and the theoretical journal
Red Flag calling on all pro-Mao
forces to "stand up and take
emergency action" to crush the
counterrevolutionary forces.
"We warn a handful o fthose
stubbornly clinging to the bour-
geois reactionary line to make a
last-minute reconsideration and
surrender to the revolutionary
people," said the editorial broad-
cast by Peking. "Otherwise, they
will bring upon themselves evil
results."
The handful were not named
but they apparently referred to
backers of President Liu Shao-
chi, an object of Mao's purge.
Refer to Strikes
Referring to the strikes report-
ed spreading across the country,
the editorial said Mao's foes "also
incited the masses to walk off
their jobs in an attempt to take
over factories, causing production
of some factories to halt. They
also paralyzed transportation in
world NeU

Thus it appeared that some rail-
way workers had joined the Liu
faction, in addition to those pro-
Mao railwaymen flocking to Pe-
king.
"Yours is a false revolution,"
posters quoted Chou as telling the
railway workers. "Peking's call was
for each worker to carry out revo-
lution in his own workshop.
Chou also complained that the
railway workers had forcibly taken
the railway minister, Lu Cheng-
tsao, to a place about 12 miles
southwest of Peking wherehe was
denounced and "dragged about
four or five days."
Chou disclosed the strike at the
Taching oil field, Red China's
largest which produces about three
million tons of oil annually. He
said leaders treading a bougeois
line had "inspired some workers
' to abandon their posts" causing
"a tremendous loss in production."
In addition to the oil fields,
wall posters and the official New
China News Agency have reported
strikes, sabotage and resistance to
the purge in Canton, in the south-
east port of Foochow, in Shanghai
and Hangchow farther north, in
the tri-city complex of Wuhan in
central China, in the old Nation-
alist capital of Nanking, in Pe-
king and in Mudken in Manchuria.
SRoundup

WASHINGTON () - Congress
took a "let's not be hasty" attitude
yesterday toward President John-
son's proposal for a 6 per cent
income tax surcharge to continue
while Vietnam war costs remain
high.
Chairman Wilbur D. Mills, (D-
Ark), said at the moment the
House Ways and Means Commit-
tee has not changed its plan to
give first priority to proposals for
Social Security benefit increases.
Majority Leader Carl Albert,
(D-Okla.), said he expects the
first piece of major legislation
actually to reach the House floor
will be a catchall appropriation
bill to cover government expend-
itures until July 1. Swollen mainly
by war costs, the bill has been
projected at $10 billion up.
From the comments, it was ap-
parent Congress will want to know,
more about several factors before
deciding whether to tap Individual
and corporate incomes for an es-
timated $4.5 billion more in the
first year of a tax increase.
Three Questions
The questions to be examined
are:
-Just how much Johnson pro-
poses to spend on various domestic
programs and whether the law-
makers are in a mood to hold the'
lie or cut back in these. Johnson
in his State of the Union mes-
sage gave only an over-all total,
-$135 billion spending in the year
beginning July 1. Republicans said
the figure was unrealistic, consid-
ering what he proposed.
-What course the U.S. econo-
my takes during the nmxt few
months - specifically, whether.
there are any signs of a down-
turn that might be critically ag-
gravated by a big tax increase.
-Whether the Federal Reserve
Board displays willingness, in con-
sideration of the anti- inflatiouary
effect of a tax raise, to move in
the direction of cheaper and more
abundant money for borrowing.
The building industry, especially,
could be helped out of a current

slump by an easier money policy.
Not Urgent
Rep. John W. Byrnes of Wis-
consin, senior Republican mem-
ber of the Ways and Means Com-
mittee, remarked, "The President
certainly didn't present the tax
increase with any urgency behind
it. He evidently doesn't expect
Congress to consider it on a crash
basis."
Byrnes said he thinks the great

Business Reactions Mixed
On Johnson Tax Proposals,

majority of Congress feel as he
does-that a tax increase should
not even be considered until after
a close study of the full budget
proposals.
The Ways and Means Commit-
tee plans extensive early hearings
on the proposed 20 per cent aver-
age increase in Social Security
benefits. This could mean hearings
on a tax increase might not even
begin before April.

RICHMOND, Va. OP) - Two
surgeons at the Medical College
of Virginia have successfully
transplanted hearts from dog
cadavers to dogs, the surgeons said
yesterday.
And one of them, Dr. Richard
J. Cleveland, predicted -:the first
human heart transplant "within
five years." He ,added, however,
that he was reluctant to boost re-
covery hopes of persons with
chronic or terminal heart disease.
Dr. Cleveland, 34, a native of
Foxboro, Mass., and Dr. Richard
R. Lower, 37, of Detroit, said eight

of 10 dogs with cadaver hearts
have lived more than 48 hours
without additional treatment.
Others, with hearts transplanted
from living donors, have survived
for more than a year.
The startling transplant experi-
ments were disclosed in a paper
the surgeons prepared for a trans-
plantation conference, sponsored
by the University of California, at
Santa Barbara.
Dr. Cleveland, who explained
the paper in an interview, said
that of the first 10 dogs receiving

GOP, Dixiecrat Coalition
Threat to LBJ's Legislation
WASHIINGTON (W) - The old Four Republicans voted solidly
coalition of Republicans and against Powell. Democrats were
Southern Democrats appears back split with Northerners generally
in business in the House after de- supporting the Harlem congress-
feating the Democratic leadership man and Southerners opposing
in test votes. him.
The result of balloting Tuesday The House then turned to adop-
on efforts to seat Rep. Adam Clay= tion of rules, and the leadership
ton Powell and on. adoption of promptly got licked again.
House rules bodes ill for the John- Lose Liberal Rules
son administration. A move by Majority Leader Carl
For it showed strong discipline B. Albert to keep last session's
among Republicans and also that liberal rules, adopted when Demo-
the November election defeated crats enjoyed a 295-140 majority,
enough Democrats to take away was blocked 224 to 196.
the working majority the admin- Tuesday's actions, coming on top
istration enjoyed the past session. of twin rebuffs administered Mc-
After winning re-election as Cormack Monday by the Demo-
speaker by a party-line vote of cratic caucus voting to oust Pow-
246 to 186, John W. McCormack ell as chairman of the House Edu-
scarcely won anything else. cation and Labor Committee and
A leadership move to seat Pow- on election of the House clerk, un-
ell pending an investigation of his doubtedly will have a psychologi-
activities was defeated 305 to 126 cal effect. Republicans lost prac-
and a Republican motion to keep tically every House vote the past
him out pending an investigation two years. Their appetites were
was then adopted, 364 to 64. whetted by Tuesday's victories.

cadaver hearts, nine survived sur-
gery. Of these, one died 24 hours
after the operation, and the re-
maining eight lived more than
48 hours before the hearts stop-
ped.
In another experiment, one dog
lived five weeks and another three
months when given drugs to com-
bat the natural rejection reaction.
The experiments have proved
initially, Dr. Cleveland said, that
a cadaver heart can be cooled
four hours and. have enough func-
tional reserve left to support the
new host completely."
The natural reaction of a humani
or animal receiving a transplant-
ed organ is to reject it, he said.
The' rejection rate among kidney
transplants has been high with
death often resulting from anti-
rejection drugs.
"It's quite possible that the'
heart may be as antigenic-in-
compatible-as the kidney," Dr.
Cleveland said. "This is just an
impression. I wouldn't want to say*
this is based on scientific fact."
The two surgeons, consequently,
are channeling their efforts in two
areas: development of new drugs
to combat rejection, and experi-
ments to "preserve the heart so it
can be without oxygen or circula-
tion for what we consider to be
a prolonged period of time,"
"Our data indicate," Dr. Cleve-
land said, "that cooling the heart
to 5 degrees centigrade affords
ample protection for the heart
for a period of four hours and
that it allows us to transplant a
heart which is capable of imme-
diately supporting the new host."
Cleveland said transplant ex-
perimenters face three problems:
how to obtain the organ, how to
transplant it, and how to combat
the natural rejection.

NEW YORK (5-Many of the
nation's business leaders found
little to cheer about in President+
Johnson's proposals for a 6 per+
cent surcharge on personal and
corporate income taxes. A few ap-
proved.
Some of those interviewed in an
Associated Press survey saw the
surcharge as a mistake and a dis-
appointment. Others approve Viet-
nam war expenditures but wanted
Great Society programs trimmed.
Another called for the restora-
tion of the 7 per cent investment
tax credit removed last year.
"It is a great mistake," said
Cris Dobbins, president of a Den-
ver cement company. "Our econo-
my, except in the government sec-7
tor, is declining and a tax increase,
would have a further deteriorat-
ing affect."
"I think it's the wrong thing to
do," said Carl Grove, president of
the retail trade bureau in Port-
land, Ore., where a 15 per cent;
state tax boost also is proposed.
"If we kill the goose, there aren't

going to be many golden aggs."
But the President's proposal
drew support from First National
City Bank of New York, the na-
tion's third largest.
"We believe ,that .a temporary
surtax geared to Vietnam war re-
quirements would be justified to
keep the budget deficit from get-
ting out of hand," the bank said.
Thomas S. Gates, board chair-
man of Morgan Guaranty Trust
Co. in New' York City and secre-
tary of defense under President
Dwight D. Eisenhower, wired con-
gratulations to Johnson on his
"courageous" message.
In San Francisco, Rudolph Pe-
terson, president of the Bank of
America, the nation's largest, said
he was concerned with Johnson's
economic decisions although "it
is difficult to disagree with any of
his objectives."
In Chicago, Chairman Joseph L.
Block of Inland Steel Co. said, "A
tax increase would appear neces-
sary to avoid a greater budget
deficit and to stabilize the econ-


LONDON-U.S. and Soviet ne-
gotiators have agreed on a treaty
to halt the spread of nuclear
weapons, but their governments
must still approve it, qualified
diplomats said Tuesday night.
The sources said the break-
through in the disarmamentstale-
mate was achieved last month

briefing officers said the four-day
toll of enemy dead climbed to 165.
South Vietnamese government
forces were in five scattered en-
gagements elsewhere A spokes-
man said the troops, with aerial
suport, killed 172 Viet Cong and
captured 26.

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THE MICHIGAN DAILY,


following a series of secret ex- .lm..mmmm. m m.mmm.m.. ... .. .mmmmmm --m-=i m-m-im -mmmminmmmm-mmmmm-mm wmm
changes in New York and Geneva. NEW YORK-The stock market
;. M 'experienced a dizzying plunge,
SAIGON-Peasants took to the then moved up for a healthy gain
roads with their lovestock, chick- and its third heaviest trading ini
es and householdgoods inexodushistory yestedyithwaeoPrsenJohlnson's Statewokethe M USK ET- Don't M ss t
from the Iron Triangle yesterday " rsdn ono' tt fteyetra ntewk f
while U.S. fighting men pressed Union request for a 6 per cent sur- I
a hunt for the Viet Cong in that charge on income taxes. bms
long-time iCommunist stamping , At the market closing, the DowI' One of the biggest complaints of last year's show was that there
ground. Jones industrial average of 30,I were not enough tickets available. In an attempt to solve this problem
American armored columns and stocks recorded a gain of 8.35UT
infantrymen skirmished frequent- points to 822.49-a long climb MUSKET will perform eleven shows of OUT OF OUR MINDS with two
ly with small enemy groups in this from the 11.47-point drop to shows on Friday and Saturday nights each, for two successive weekends.
biggest offensive of the war, 20 802.67 that 'was recorded early in Hrs
to 30 miles north of Saigon, and the morning. However, the enthusiastic response to the new show indicates that you
i shouldn't wait to buy your tickets. This looks like a production which
really should not be missed, as it will be an exciting and memorable night ;
in the theater.
r
II LI. E I.awDELIom 0m amSEam m' m m'ht tm mm mm m n-m a===mm umm mm ----------m mam mm mmm~mi
iI
UAC MUSKET '67
p r es e t sTICKETS:,
B * Block Sales
LUC) January 13
LKSNGERSIndividualSales
Susan Haycock and Bill Weiske start
rJanuary 16
This Sunday, January 15 at 5:30
Lydia Mendelssohn
CALLiBox Office
663-4129 the new mAusical ll Seats $2.50
For reservations Performances:
~&i rw Jf-~~kDate:

I

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