WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1967

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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Report:

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Depend

on

Bombing

Halt

EDITOR'S NOTE: Wilfred Burch-
ett, an Australian Communist writ-
er, has frequently been a spokes-
man for the Communists in varl-
ous situations in East Berlin, Ko-
rea and Vietnam. He has traveled
frequently in North Vietnam and
has jus rteturned from there to
Cambodia. He wrote the following
article for the Associated Press when
asked if he could clarify whether
Hanoi is ready for talks and under
what conditions. This article gives
a. Communist view and should be
read in that light. The Associated
Press has been trying for years to
get its own correspondent into
North Vietnam but has been un-
able to obtain a visa from Hanoi.
By WILFRED BURCHETT
PHNOM PENH, Cambodia -
Hanoi is ready to sit down with
the United States to hold ore-
liminiary talks to explore what
steps can be taken to end the war
in Vietnam. They are also pre-
pared to receive President John-
son in the North Vietnamese capi-

tal if this will facilitate ending
the war.
The basic conditions are that
bombings of North Vietnam and
"other acts of war" against North
Vietnam, such as coastal shelling,
be permanently halted.
The next move-following For-
eign Minister Nguyen :buy Trinn's
declaration to me that if the
bombings stopped "the Democratic
Republic of Vietnam and the
United States could enter Into
talks"-is believed by the North
Vietnamese to be up to Washing-
ton.
In talks to the Vietnamese fol
lowing the Trinh interview and
seeking clarification, I was told:
"President Johnson said he was
ready to go anywhere any time
and do anything to end the war.
It's up to the United States to act

now. The United States must pro-
vide its good will in the affair.
"If bombings cease completely,
good and favorable conditions will
be created for the talks. Halt the
bombings, come and talk.
When I asked why a move was
not made earlier-and it's open
knowledge that a number of So-
cialist bloc countries were urging
such a move over a year ago-
I was told that if talks were of-
fered a year ago the United States
would have taken this as a sign
of weakness and bombings wAuld
have been intensified.
"Even now," one Vietnamese
said, "Washington hawks proba-
bly think they have got us on the
run and will urge escalated bomb-
ings. But we are ready for that.
In fact, our offers are made from
a position of strength, not weak-
ness.

"In the South, with 400,000 men,
Washington is unable to improve
the military situation. The aim of
bombings was to cut our communi-
cations, make life unbearably dif-
ficult and reduce Sur will to
struggle. In fact, none of these
things have come about. We are
much stronger today than a year
ago."
Economic reorganization, which
was in full swing when I visited
the North a year ago, is largely
completedly.
There seems not to be any short-
age of gasoline supplies, relocated
in tens of thousands of under-
ground tanks. Repairs to roads
and railways are handled mainly
by the local population, organized
into special repair gangs with few
specialists to guide them.
For the first time since they
were built, the fact that railways

are of light, narrow gauges is senI
as an advantage in greatly facili-
tating repairs.
In talks with President Ho Chi
Minh, Premier Phan Van Dong,
Defense Minister Vo Nguyen Giap
and many other leaders, I found
them more confident than a year
ago that they could carry on in-
definitely.
In general, they explained tne
confident mood was because life
had settled down after two years
of bombing. As Pham Van Dong
expressed it, "1966 has been a year
of trial, of big escalation oombing
but also of increased agricultural
and industrial production. We
know we can withstand anything
now."
Most of the confidence, I believe,
is due to the long experience of
this team of veteran leaders head-
ed by Ho Chi Minh.

They have been worinkg to-'
gether over 30 years, waging revo-
lution and wars the success of
which depended on long and care-
ful planning, grafted on to cen-
turiea of experience fighting
against adversaries always iar
stronger in men and materials
than the Vietnamese.
In fact, visitors note a definite
elan in standing up to the greatest'
military machine and getting'
away with it, more and more open-
ly cheered by sympathetic by-;
standers al over the world.
While I believe the overwhelm-
ing majority of Vietnamese are
ready to accept al sorts of sacri-
fices and fight as long as leaders
considers necessary, there is also
a tremendous yearning for peace,
reuniting with evacuated families.
and a return to normal life which
a terribly high proportion of Viet-

namese have not known for almost
a quarter of a century.
President Johnson's "I see no
sign" statement was received in
Hanoi glumly or with an exultant
"I told you so" reaction, accord-
ing to whom one spoke with, so
far as the general public reaction
was concerned.
On the question of whether
Hanoi is prepared to offer any-
thing in exchange for a cessation,
of bombings, I was told officially:
"The Democratic Republic - of
Vietnam is a sovereign state.
Bombings are. a violation of this
sovereignty. They must cease. This
is not a matter for bargaining.
We have nothing to offer in ex-
change."
According to diplomatic circles
in Hanoi, there is another funda-
mental reason why Hanoi demands
an unconditional end to bombard-

ments before talks can start.
It it asserted this is also the
reason for a phrase in the foreign
minister's reply to by question:
"The United States has shown an
utmost obduracy and perfidy" on
the question of talks.
According to these sources, two
previous attempts to arrange first
contacts for talks were foiled in
the first place by the start of sys-
tematic bombing of North Vietnam
in February of 1965 and secondly
by the bombings of Hanoi last
Dec. 13-14.
Both events are said to have
coincided within days of concrete
arrangements for contacts. It this
is so, it explains also why feelers
wesre thrown out for President
Johnson to visit Hanoi, and why I
was told: "Let them come and
talk."


I

Goldberg

To

Visit

POSSIBLE DIPLOMATIC BREAK:
ietnainMao Issues New Instructions
To Guide Anti-Russian Drive

Plans Visits
To European,
Asian Nations
To Keep Feelers Out
Although Envoy Says
Not Peace Mission
WASHINGTON W)-Ambassa-
dor Arthur J. Goldberg outlined
plans yesterday for an around-
the-world "facting-finding trip"
for President Johnson, including a
stop in South Vietnam.
"I am not going on a peace mis-
sion," the U.S. envoy to the United
Nations cautioned newsmen after.
seeing Johnson.
Nonetheless, Goldberg presu-
mably wil have his antenna out
for any peace feelers during his
journey, starting late this month,
to Europe as well as Southeast
Asia.
In a separate development, the
State Department left open the
possibility that the Vietnam lunar
new year cease-fire now getting
under way might continue longer
than the four-day period proposed
by the allies if the Communists
do not reopen the fighting.
The Viet Cong have proposed a
seven-day truce, and department
press officer Robert J. McCloskey
was asked wha the' U.S.-South
Vietnamese and allied forces
would do if the Red guns were still
silent after the allied cease-fire
period expires Feb. 12.
"We'll see what happens," he
said. I'm not making any cate-
goric statements up or down on
any possibilities."
Again, McCloskey affirmed. U.S.
backing of the Saigon govern-
ment's offer to discus a cease-fire
extension with North Vietnam.
Hanoi has spurned this idea so
far.
Goldberg stressed yesterday that
his forthcoming travels will be of
a different sort than his 1965
peace-feeler trip to Europe.
He expects to deliver a speech
to U.S. ambassadors in the Asian
area who will be meeting in the
Philippines at the end of March.
All told, Goldberg is likely to
stop at a dozen or more capitals,
he said. He figured he would be
gone three of four weeks.
Meantime, in a speech last
night, Vice President Hubert H.
Humphrey described the lunar
new year truce as "an extremely
delicate and sensitive time" for
Vietnam combatants to reassess
their thinking.
But in his speech, prepared for
the International Development
Conference, Humphrey gave no
hint that there is in the making
any imminent change in Amer-
ican policy.
McGrath
FLYING SCHOOL

'act-Finding'

MVission

TOKYO (P)-Mao Tse-tung was
reported today to have issued new
instructions to fight "revisionism,"
indicating the anti-Soviet cam-
paign in Red China may hit even
greater heights. .
The Soviet Union has protested

teachers were ordered to stop their
"long journey on foot" to Peking
and other places to exchange "re-
volutionary experiences."
* * *.
Russians in Moscow pounded on
the doors of the Chinese Embassy

The demonstration was in re-
taliatioin for the riotous Chinese
siege of the Soviet Embassy in Pe-
king, now in its 12th day, for
which the Soviet Embassy filed a
vigorous protest.

_. _
----<.

i "Vr T /-14 1 7'Y r

IIA ll ? bitterly againstj riotous demon- Yesterday and shouted, "Cow- Tass, the Soviet news agency,
19 OK strations around its embassy in ards!" at the staff inside. An em- charged iron gates of the Soviet
Peking and members of the staff'bassy official tore up petitions Embassy were smashed down
there now are virtually prisoners offered by the demonstrators and Monday night and there was no
, or V et of the Chinese. threw the pieces in the faces of letup in the Chinese demonstra-
The Peking c orrespondent' ofI the Russians. tion yesterday.
Q the newspaper Yomiuri said that
Cease-Fire under Maos new instructions, " onsl
against revisionism "-the Soviet LI.
Short Truce Called brand of communism, had been
set up in the capital.
For Lunar New Year Yomiuri said this indicated -5-
Could Be Extended anti-Soviet demonstrations out-
side the Soviet Embassy and
SAIGON (A')-U.S. and allied others elsewhere in the provinces,
armed forces intoI would become more severe. WASHINGTON (AP) - President ting the treaty to the Senate,
positions today for a lunar new The newspaper's correspondent Johnson called on the Senate yes- Johnson said: "It carries forward
year truce of four days, with the said Polish and Hungarian em- terday for swift approval of a the thrust of the past decade to
possibility it may be extended. bassies have decided to evacuate treaty that seeks to guarantee that lrge the perimetersf poten-
dependents of their embassy staffs tial conflict.
The cease-fire was set for j from Peking because their safety "the realms of space should for- The treaty lays down a set of
a.m.-6 p.m. EST yesterday. could not be guaranteed. The re- ever remain realms of peace." basic priniciples that, among other
A query whether hostilities port said other Eastern European. things, no nation may:
might remain abated beyond Sun- ocuntries except for Albania and The treaty was negotiated with -Use outer space or heavenly
day morning, drew from a State Romania would follow - suit. th blessings of the United Nations bodies as a base for launching a
Department spokesman in Wash- Demonstrations went into the and already has the signatures of war;
ington, Robert J. McCloskey, the 12th day outside the Soviet Em- more than half the nations on -Put in orbit or station in space
remark: "We will see what hap- ; bassy. The Foreign Ministry warn- h nuclear weapons or other weapons
pens." ed the Russians it could not Both Senate Democratic Leader of mass destruction or install them,
Long Pause "guarantee the safety of Soviet Mike Mansfield of Montana and on a celestial body.
The Viet Cong, accused by the citizens outside the Soviet Em- Republican Leader Everett M. -Claim sovereignty to the moon
allies of staging attacks in past bassy" Dirksen of Illinois predicted ratifi- or to outer space or to any celestial
truces, have 'called for a seven day Japanese reports also said Chi-I cation. bodies,
pause in the fighting this time. nese Red Guards, students and In a special message transmit- The treaty says, furthermore,
Another incident on the Cam- that all nations have the right to
boia rontie markedt afconduct space activities, and thEse
of 11th-hour action and their results are to be reported
Several men WheU 16ho/ l Nve uu Ou Td for the benefit of all.
WLight Infantry Brigade were Wh___administration officials
Ligh Infntr Briade erewere asked what the United States
wounded by a claymore-type mine,weeakdhtteUnedSts
concealed in trees on theVietnam- By The Associated Press Czechoslovak government 1 a s t is going to do about reporting ac-
ese side, that a dispatch from the LONDON-Soviet Premier Alex- week after his conviction on tivities of "spy in the sky satel-
scene said was set off by electrical ei N. Kosygin called yesterday for I charges of espionage, had hinted lites, one of them replied: "We
wires strung from Cambodia a combination of the Soviet that an American newsman was have registered every satellite we
through a border river, the Rach Union's vast resources with the jailed because of his connection have fired with the United Nations,
Cai Bac. industrial might of Europe. with Kazan-Komarek. and given information about it.
Associated Press photographer His call aroused the interest of; The Globe quoted Kazan-Ko- The Pentagon and the Joint
Al Chang, who was on the spot "5 -Prime Minister Harold WilsonI marek as saying he had met "once Chiefs of Staff, it was stated, had
m es northwest of Saigon, said with whom the Soviet leader is or twice" with William N. Oatis, been consulted all the way while

-Associated Press
BLIZZARD HITS BROADWAY
Workers battle to clear snow from sidewalk along Broadway in the Times Square section of New
York yesterday. The storm was the first major one to hit the New York metropolitan area this year.
The entire Northeast part of the country was buried under more than a foot of snow.
CONFLICT WITH AFL-CIO:.
UA,4W Plans To Expand Role
OfLabor Unions in Societyv

DETROIT (A) - The United
Auto Workers Union is expected
to invite other unions and possibly
th'e AFL-CIO itself to join the
UAW in what some of its leaders
term "a positive program to get
labor moving again."
Walter P. Reuther's 1.4 million-
member UAW reportedly is ready
to commit $3 million toward an
organizing crusade, social action
and helping unions in difficulty
with employers.
The UAW came near a break
with the parent AFL-CIO last
week over what it has termed that
organization's "complacency" and
satisfaction with the "status quo."
'Get Labor Moving'
The UAW's action was described
by some within it as a step toward
getting "labor off dead center and
moving again." Reuther is pic-

tured as determined his union
"will assume the leadership of a
progressive labor movement."
UAW rank and file were prom-
ised a - "clarifying" letter of the
union's near-break with the AFL-
CIO.
The union's plan to post $3 mil-
lion, it was learned, will be em-
bodied in the action clarification.
Informed sources s a i d the
money would be offered on a
matching basis, but were not clear
whether itbwould require matching
by other individual big unions,
struggling unions in trouble or
AFL-CIO itself.I
Independent Course
No doubt was expressed, how-
ever, that the UAW was striking
out on an independent course be-
cause of its dissatisfaction with
the AFL-CIO under the leadership

of its president, George Meany, 73.
The UAW international execu-
tive board last week ordered Reu-
ther, 60, and his three top officers
to sever all ties with the ruling
AFL-CIO executive council.
It also added to the agenda for
an April UAW convention discus-
sion of the union's relations with
the AFL-CIO and the granting of
executive board authority to take
"whatever action in this regardl
will best serve the interests of the
UAW."
Reuther, however, is pictured as
wishing to avoid a walkout from
the organization which he and
Meany formed in 1955 by joining
Meany's American Federation of
Labor and Reuther's Congress of
Industrial Organizations.

no Communist troops were sighted
on the other side of the river,
however, and the Americans made
no move to cross it.
Cambodia Neutrality
Prince Nordom Sihanouk's Cam-
bodian government professes neu-
trality in the war. It has repeated-
ly denied that its border territory
is a haven for the Communists
and repeatedly has charged bor-
der violations by U.S. and South
Vietnamese air and ground forces.
In the same vein it has denied

holding talks in London. It an Associated Press correspondent
brought immediate speculation: who was imprisoned by the Czechs
that Kosygin may be signaling the in 1951 on charges he "spied out
beginning of a radical change in i state secrets." Oatis was released
East-West alignments. I two years later.

Kosygin followed his suggestion
with a renewed proposal for a
conference on European security.
He had another talk with Wilson
about Vietnam, and an authorita-
tive British source said "all is not
exactly black" in the quest for a
peace formula.
BOSTON-The Boston Globe

* - * *
SAN ANTONIO, Tex.-A two-
gas atmosphere instead of hazard-
ous pure oxygen will be used in
the Air Force's Manned Orbiting
Laboratory MOL program, the
program's director said Tuesday.
Lt. Col. John W. Ord said the
Air Force will use an atmosphere
combining oxygen. and helium in
the MOL program's first space
flight, now planned for 1969.

Saigon charges of Cambodian in- said that Vladimir Kazan-Ko-
cursions into South Vietnam. marek, who was released by the

U, ~II

UNION..LEAGUE

1967 SYMPOSI UM
The URBAN GHETTO in AMERICA
PRESENTS

the treaty was being negotiated.
They have taken the position that
it will contribute to national sec-
urity, rather than-pose any threat
to it.
Administration spokesmen said
the President's message means the
United States is going ahead with
the Apollo program for landing a
man on the moon by 1970.
TONIGHT
WEDNESDAY
EXPERITMENTAL
SERIES, No. 3
Brakhage's
"DOG STAR
MAN: PRELUDE"
The opening
statement of
the "spiritual
leader" of the
New American
Cinema's epic
of the creation.
Stan Vanderbeck's
"BREATH
DEATH"
A surrealistic
leveling of content

KEYNOTE ADDRESS
Co-sponsored by Economics Dept.
SEN. ABRAHAM RIBICOFF
Topic: "URBAN CRISIS"
RACKHAM
AUDITORIUM
FRIDAY FEB 10
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