THE MICHIGAN DAILY FRIDAY, APRIL 15, 1966 TH IHGNDIYfIAARL1,16 tudy Abroad Programs To ee Europe, Mediterranean U' Lacking in Women Faculty Members By ALICE BLOCH Over 150 enthusiastic and inter- national-minded students will be finding an outlet this year for their enthusiasm and internation- al-mindedness by participating in University-sponsored summer- and junior year-abroad programs. Faculty - supervised s t u d e n t groups will be traveling to Israel; Great Britain and the Soviet Un- ion for summer session courses, and to France and Germany for studies during the academic year. Prof. Louis L. Orlin' of the de- Dartment of Near Eastern lan- guages and literatures will direct the nine-week field trip to Israel, which will begin June 30. The academic program will consist of an intensive study of Biblical his- tory, the heritage of Judaism and the life and teachings of Jesus. About 35 students are now en- rolled for the trip, according to Orlin. He added that the course can still accommodate' 30 to 40 more students. To England A second group will be travel- ing to London during the first half of the summer trimester un- der the joint sponsorship of the college of education and the de- partments of political science and speech.* Courses -will be offered in Con- temporary Education in the Brit- ish Commonwealth, Organization and Operation of the Government of Great Britain, and Contempor- ary British Rhetorical Theory and Communication. About 40 students will partici- pate in the summer study tour to the Soviet Union. This tour will consist of a month-long prepara- tory course in Ann Arbor, follow- ed by three weeks in Leningrad, Moscow and Kiev. To France The Michigan-Wisconsin Junior Year in France Program will be taking 20 University students to the University of Aix-Marseille this fall. They will be enrolled for the entire academic year in cours- es at the level of the Propedeutique (for French students in their first year of college) and the Licence (the regular degree program). In addition to courses in French language and literature, courses will be available in social sciences and humanities. Twelve more students will be spending their junior year at the University of Freiburg on the Michigan-Wayne-Wisconsin Year in Germany Program. Under the direction of Prof. Valentine Hubbs of the German department, the group will- take courses in Ger- man, zoology, botany, political sci- ence, economics and history. (Continued from Page 1) may not be able to find suitable employment in acommunity as small 'as Ann Arbor. Moreover, if the husband is also a professor, many departmental administrators feel the pressure of an unwritten nepotism rule for- bidding the employment of a hus- band and wife in tenure positions in the same department. There is no other first-rate University con- veniently nearby. According to Prof. Warner Rice, chairman of the English depart- ment, it has usually been a good policy not to employ married couples as professors in the same or closely related departments be- cause any decision made concern- ing one immediately affects both in a direct way. Rice observes that in the past, the literary college's executive committee has occasionally dis- couraged the hiring of couples. If husband and wife were employed before they married, they have usually not been disturbed in their posts, however. Other Views Prof. George Hay, chairman of the mathematics department, on the other hand, claims the nepo- tism rule does not exist. Prof. William McKeachie, chairman of the psychology department, says it exists but can be evaded by placing relatives on different projects with different budgets. The third reason for the scarcity of wpmen professors is evidently the attitudes of chairmen and executive committees, which re- quire, many nonacademic "qualifi- cations" of the woman applicant. Rice, for example, claims he is most interested in single women, for "What would we do with their husbands?" Furthermore, accord- ing to Prof. Oleg Grabar of the department of art history, "Al- though most men won't admit it, they look at how marriagable a single girl PhD is. A potential spinster. is a better investment than an attractive lively girl." Hay is reluctant to hire a wom- an who has not shown that she can cope with family responsibili- ties and also teach, produce re- search and "help run the Univer- sity," thus reducing the number of female applicants available to him. He says that "it is unlikely that a woman can do research and raise children," and that "there are very few women whose dedica- tion to mathematics exceeds their mother instinct." To illustrate their beliefs about the "mother instinct" two profes- sors said their secretaries often leave in the winter to take care of sick children. Yet many personnel experts at- tacked this assumption. Mrs. Nina Smith, assistant to Thad Carr, personnel director for the Ann Arbor Public Schools, there is a very low absentee rate for female high school teachers. Yet precisely this sort of rea- soning-"What women secretaries or undergraduates will do, .so will women with PhD's"-seems to pervade the thoughts ofmen in charge of hiring professors. Subordinate Careers Some fear the women will never consider their own careers, but subordinate those careers entirely to their husbands'. Of course some women do make such a sacrifice. But the majority of women inter- viewed are able to coordinate their careers with their husbands' and do not intend to sacrifice their careers to them. For example, two men expect to get PhD's from the University in mathematics this year. One's wife has two to three years to go to get a PhD in psychology; the other has a wife with two to three years more needed for a PhD in mathematics. Both men plan to stay around the University al- though it will almost certainly be damaging for their mathemati- cal careers to do so. Another issue which bothers chairmen is whether a woman PhD will become less productive academically when she has young children. Yet inquiries show that almost no women PhD's quit permanently when they have a baby. Vera Levitt, psychologist at the Chil- dren's Psychiatric Hospital said that none of her female colleagues quit for more than a couple of years and some not even for that. Policy on Pregnancies At Lockheed Aircraft Company in Burbank, Calif., about 30 wom- en computer programmers are em- ployed. One of the supervisors of this programming group explained their policy about pregnancies:) The women must leave three months before their babies are due and may not return until three months after the babies are born. They almost always return and complain that the six months staying at home were very dull and that they couldn't wait to get back to work. Other administrators fear they might not get their money's worth in "running-the-University" func- tions such as advising grad stu-. dents, leading field trips, aug- menting the library or serving on committees. Many of them feel that, even with a housekeeper, the woman may have more respon- sibilities in the home than the man, especially if she has children. We're lining up 12,000 office workers for SUMMER JOBS now! 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Have a Good Summerf! oU FA UE Educational Aids Develop'ed (Continued from Page 1) For problem solving which in- volves computers, but which a small university could not main- tain by itself, time-sharing tech- niques could allow several schools to make full-time use of a single coml uter. Finally, the use of machine techniques in self teaching will undoubtedly work a great change on the nature of education. The University Center for Research on Learning and Teaching (CRLT) is at the frontier in practical ap- plications. Much of the work at CRLT has focused on the automated study carrel. Similar- to the library car- rel, it may contain a tape recorder, slide and film projector, or a television screen. Dummy carrels at the center have a computer console which ties into the IBM center at New York. The teacher, of course, must translate the in- formation from printed sources into a coniputer-based program, but Prof. Karl Zinn, developer of the computer-assisted instruction (CAI, believes this to be no draw- back. "It is clear that a computer can be use for instruction," he indi- cates, 'even though the teacher and author know little about the machine and less about its opera- tion. Rowever, although many per- sons have become involved in this field, the amount. of .usable in- struction material is pitifully slight." "The center will use the.Univer- sity's 360 computer when ,it be- comes' ;operational in the fall," says Zinn. "The student or author will not be aware that the com- puter. facility processing his re- quests is also, doing a variety of other jobs for many other people." Last summer the University and the center proposed a state-wide program which, would include computer services . for college teaching and learning. The Inter- institutional Committee on Infor- mation Systems, formed this year, while concerned with general serv- ices, is also considering computer instruction and information re- trieval. The University, Michigan State and Wayne State have been pooling librarians, computer tech- nicians and educators in attempts to come up with a program which will link their library systems. The possibilities for the future are many and unpredictable, but surely the better education of more people will be made a reality as electronic aids remove the age old barriers of time and geographic location in the education process. DIGITAL LOGIC HANDBOOK A Complete engineering guide Consisting of 328 pages of circuits, applica- tions, module specification, and. notes on analog- digital conversion theroy and techniques. *1 This may be your LAST CHANCE! To choose from one of the Largest IP record selections in-the Midwest! 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