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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the inidividual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
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THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1966
NIGHT EDITOR: LAWRENCE MEDOW
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Vivian's China Speech:
A Step Toward Reality
-r
CONGRESSMAN Weston E. Vivian of Ann
Arbor last week made an eloquent and
forceful plea for us to "cease isolating
ourselves from contact with China." Viv-
ian had a minute under House rules to
give his views-which rather symbolizes
our approach to Communist China-but
he said a great deal.
Among other things, he suggested that
we issue visas to all citizens who want to
travel to China and end our ineffectual
embargo by placing trade with Commu-
nist China on the same basis we have for
trade with the Soviet Union.
More important than ending these re-
strictions on travel and trade, however,
is the status of Taiwan and its relation-
ship to the United States, Communist
China and the rest of the community of
nations. Here, Vivian asked that "First,
we acknowledge that China should now
enter the United Nations; second, that
Taiwan should relinquish its seat on the
(Security) Council; and third, and most
important, that a plebiscite first be held
by the United Nations in Taiwan to de-
termine whether the Taiwanese desire
either to rejoin mainland China or, I
would hope, to be an independent nation."
THE CASE for an end to our restric-
tions on trade and travel is a strong
one. Trade may make the Chinese less
belligerent; our embargo is nearly mean-
Thi for Three
THE POLITICAL SITUATION in Viet
Nam is really only, a matter of per-
spective.
For instance, if you prefer to consider
all of Viet Nam a single country, albeit
temporarily partitioned, as the North
Vietnamese and the NLF do, the situation
in Viet Nam is rather complex, involving
a civil war and an invasion, as well as a
minor disturbance.
The civil war, of course, is between the
forces of the South Vietnamese, and the
NLF and North Vietnamese. The invasion
is formed by 200,000 American troops,
not to mention the contingents contribut-
ed by Australia, New Zealand, and South
Korea. The minor disturbance is account
ed for by Buddhists in South Viet Nam.
NEW HEIGHTS, however, can be achiev-
ed merely by adopting the U.S. policy
of considering South Viet Nam as an in-
dependent political entity. With this ap-
proach, South Viet Nam is probably set-
ting a new. world's record for concurrent
national disasters-two invasions and two
civil wars at the same time.
The United States, et al, comprise one
invasion; the NLF-North Vietnamese at-
tack comprises the second. The indigenous
portion of the NLF comprises the first
civil war, the recent Buddhist eruptions
comprise the second (Thi for three?).
THOUGH THERE is no Olympic event,
or even hall of fame, for such politi-
cal chaos, the United States, always con-
scious of world firsts, should join with
Premier Ky's Viet Nam in pride of this
new record.
-STEVE WILDSTROM
ingless anyway since the Chinese actually
export many of the products on our em-
bargo list and can buy from Europe what
they cannot buy from us.
Travel should also be unrestricted, if
only for intelligence reasons. Most of our
"China experts," as they themselves are
quick to admit, must guess what is going
on there by reading newspapers and mag-
azines in crows-nests like Hong Kong,
and are continually frustrated by the lack
of further insight which travel brings.
The case for Communist Chinese mem-
bership in the United Nations is equally
strong. No one argues they will at once
become docile; neither were the Russians
at first, but there are few who now want
them out of the world organization. Open
to constant contact, criticism and ques-
tioning from the nations of the world,
China is far more likely to become used to
acting like a respbnsible member of the
international community. There is, more-
over, little evidence to suggest that Tai-
wan is one of the great powers of the
world or that it has much business being
a permanent member of the Security
Council.
FINALLY, THE CASE for a United Na-
tions-sponsored election in Taiwan is
subtle but quite important, for the Na-
tionalist government is of questionable
status.
The country's National Assembly was
first elected in 1947, when Nationalist
forces still controlled some of the main-
land population centers. While President
Chiang Kai-shek controls only Taiwan,
he claims to represent all China. But of
the original 2,916 -assembly delegates rep-
resenting all of China's provinces and
overseas organizations, 1,753 are now ab-
sent because they are dead, abroad or on
the mainland.
The native Taiwanese, who comprise 10
million of the 12.25 million total popula-
tion of Taiwan-the only province Chiang
controls--have only 26 assembly delegates.
All the rest go to Chiang's associates from
the mainland.
IN SUM, the United States must reevalu-
ate its ambiguous and pften naive re-
lationship, or lack thereof, with Commu-
nist China.
Doubtless, there are going to be diffi-
culties. But as Senator Philip A. Hart of
Michigan said last Friday in commenting
on Vivian's remarks, "We clearly have to
anticipate and try to arrange that Red
China will become a member of the hu-
man community just as we had to make
that transition with Soviet Russia."
VIVIAN'S SUGGESTIONS towards that
end add some essential rationalism
and realism to a debate which has al-
ways been characterized by an ostrich ap-
proach to the most populous country on
earth.
-MARK R. KILLINGSWORTH
Acting Editor
-LEONARD PRATT
Acting Associate Managing Editor
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
4
The Original Side of Exodus'
To the Editor:
HERE SEEMS to be little doubt
why the letter by Messrs.
Kamel, Hussein, and El-Boulkainy,
concerning the Arab-Israeli situa-
tion contains nothing but grotes-
que characteratures of the truth.
By their own admission, the three
gentlemen are filled with hate. A
short review of Near East history
may serve to clear up some of their
distortions.
PALESTINE Was never a separ-
ate Arab state. It was part of the
Arab Caliphate from 637 AD to
1071 AD and from 1071 through
1516 was ruled by a succession of
Seljuks, Crusaders, and Mameluks.
From 1516 until WWI Palestine
was under Turkish control.
At the end of WWI, the League
of Nations assigned Palestine
mandate status under control of
the British. This British mandate
government owned 70 per cent of
the area which is now Israel, and
thus no other sources could pos-
sibly have owned anything even
approximating a majority of pres-
ent Israeli territory.
As is well known, the United
Nations voted to partition Pales-
tine into Jewish and Arab states.
The Jewish agency accepted the
world body's decision, and on May
15, 1948 Israel declared her in-
dependence. Eight hours later the
countries of Egypt, Syria, Iraq,
Jordan and Lebanon sent their
armies in an invasion aimed at
crushing the newly born state.
IN THE PROCESS of the in-
vasion, the invading armies called
for Arabs in Israeli territory to
leave their homes, and leave Is-
rael. Thus began the story of the
Arab refugees. Indeed, prominent
Arabs in the Middle East do not
deny these facts. Mr. Jamal Hus-
seini, at the time Acting Chairman
of the Palestine Arab Higher Com-
mittee declared, at the United
Nations Security Council in 1948:
"The Arabs did not want to
submit to a truce . . . They
rather preferred to abandon
their homes, their belongings
and everything.they possessed in
the world . . . We have never
concealed the fact that we be-
gan the fighting."
Furthermore, a report in "Fal-
astin," a Jordanian daily, in May
of 1955 clearly demonstrates the
true nature of the emmigration.
" . . .We (the refugees) left
our homeland on the strength
of false promises by crooked
leaders in the Arab states. They
promised us that our absence
would not last more than two
weeks, a kind of promenade, at
the end of which we would re-
turns."
BUT HARPING on the past will
not bring the desired goal of peace.
Unfortunately, the Arab states re-
fuse to acknowledge peace as their
goal. Repeatedly Arab leaders
have called for war to annihilate
Israel.
President Nasser of Egypt has
said "Israel is an artificial state
which must disappear." Further, a
government controlled radio sta-
tion in Cairo reported Mr. Nasser
as saying "we do not deny that
we want war." "We want war; this
is our right. The return of Pales-
tine is impossible without war."
Finally, an article in the gov-
ernment controlled Cairo news-
paper "El-Gomhouriya" declared:
"The only solution is that
Palestine-all of Palestine-be
returned to us, and we are not
prepared to negotiate . . . And
if we wish to return to it, then
we shall return honourably and
not as citizens of the state of'
Israel. Any armistice with Israel
would mean restricting the im-
petus of Arab nationalism
THE ISRAELIS, on the other
hand, have time and time again
called for peace. Witness the
statement of Prime Minister Levi
Eshkol during his visit to the
United States in 1964. "Israel is
always ready to cooperate in a
process of regional disarmament
under mutual inspection and con-
trol."
David Ben-Gurion, in an article
in "Look" in August of 1963 wrote
that "the primary, principal, and
supreme goal of Israel's foreign
policy is not only peace, but an
alliance between Jews and Arabs,
which would lead to a political,
economical, and cultural coopera-
tion between the Jewish and the
Arab peoples." Further, in the
same article, he reiterated that
Israel has no territorial desires,
in opposition to Arab claims. "We
have nothing to gain by war; we
have no claim to Arab territory."
(THE ALLEGED statement of
Ben-Gurion, quoted by Messrs.
Kamel, Hussein, and El-Boulkainy,
is another distortion of fact. The
actual quotation, which can be
found on page 419 of the book
"Rebirth and Destiny of Israel,"
written by Ben-Gurion, reads as
follows: "To maintain the status
quo (1951) will not do. We have
set up a dynamic state, bent upon
creation and reform, building and
expansion"; not as quoted "a state
bent on expansion.")
Finally, careful search of the
"Israel Government Yearbook" of
1951, the source directed by
Messers. Kamel, Hussein, and
Boulkainy, reveal the total ab-
sence of any statement even re-
sembling that attributed to Mr.
Ben-Gurion in the other section of
their "quotation."
IF THE ARAB states can lose
their abstinence, and hatred bent
on annihilation of Israel, and
recognize Israel's right to exist,
then and only then will peace and
progress be possible in the Near
East.
-Norman A. Platt, '66
More
To the Editor:
IN REFERENCE to recent letters,
it appears that the role played
by the United Nations in the
Middle East-which has been un-
der question since the decision to
partition Palestine in 1947-
should be clarified. Since '47, there
have been several major policy
statements of that body with re-
gard to the subsequent conflict.
1) In 1947 the United Nations
sent a commission to Palestine,
which recommended partition of
that land into a Jewish and an
Arab state. The General Assembly
agreed. This policy was accepted
by the Jewish authorities in Pales-
tine without qualification. It was
not accepted by the Arab states.
2) In 1948, UN Mediator Ralph
Bunche negotiated an armistice
between Israel, Egypt, Jordan Le-
banon, and Syria. The Arabs claim
this to have been broken by Israel
in 1956, but never mention their
initial terrorist and economic
provocation of the attack.
3) In paragraph 11 of the UN
resolution of 1948, the following
was stated:
The Assembly resolves that
the refugees wishing to return
to their homes and live in peace
with their neighbors should be
permitted to do so at the
earliest practicable date, and
that compensation should be
paid for the property of those
choosing not to return and for
loss or damage to property .. .
Israel, without asking for any
compensation for the property il-
legally acquired by the Arab states
when, since 1948, an equal num-
ber of Jewish refugees left those
countries for Israel, has repeatedly
offered economic compensation to
the refugees. Their offer has not
yet been accepted.
AS TO THE SECTION stating a,
"return to their hdmes and live
in peace with their neighbors .. .
at the earliest practicable" date,"
the two 'key terms are "practic-
able" and "peace." -Would it be
"practicable" for Israel to allow
a group half its size to enter her
territory when they were not in-
terested in "peace?" The follow-
ing statement by Dr. Mohammed
Salah ed-Din, the Egyptian Min-
ister for Foreign Affairs, declared
in Al Misri on October 11, 1949,
sums up the Arab view on the re-
patriation issue:
In demanding the restoration
of the refugees of Palestine, the
Arabs intend that they shall
return ts the masters of the
homeland . . . More explicitly,
they intend to annihilate the
state of Israel.
From the above facts; it seems
as though the Arab states' position
with regard to their call for the
implementation of UN proposals
is highly inconsistent and un-
realistic.
-David Kreizelman, '67
Counselling
To the Editor:
WISH torcommend Professor
Wilhelm (Letters-March 30) for
his timely, practical, and, I believe,
educational sound, proposal re-
garding the dropping of courses
by students at the University.
Professor Wilhelm states clearly
and concisely the constraints now
operating to prevent abuse of such
a course drop privilege by students
subject to the military draft. I
believe that economic and goal
constraints will also operate on
all other students to prevent abuse
of this drop privilege. Thus, I be-
lieve the majority of students on
this campus will not drop courses
late on impulse; they will do'it
only after much soul searching.
And I believe this soul-searching
process is a vital part of a good
educational curriculum.
To be sure, a minority of stu-
dents will abuse the privilege by
dropping courses willy-nilly just
before final exams. However, I
maintain it is not our right to
penalize and restrict the majority
because of the irresponsible actions
of a minority. Should the tail wag
the dog?
By maintaining our present tui-
tion fee scales and terms, thereby
not refunding tuition money for
changes in programs later than
presently established deadlines, we
can enlist the economic restraint
as an aid to minimize the abuse
of this privilege.
Finally, one concrete, published
statement supports Professor Wil-
helm and me in our views about
this matter. I believe. In the pam-
phlet entitled, "A Guide to the
Resources for Student Counseling
and Advising at The University of
Michigan," published in 1958,
there is this statement on pages
2 and 3:
"The University does not be-
lieve in required, compulsory
(academic) counseling."
TO THE BEST of my knowledge
there is no later official statement
of this matter in print. Thus, does
not Prfessor Wilhelm's eminently
sensible proposal to permit course
drops at any time prior to the
final examination simply ask the
faculty and students of this great
university to return to a policy we
should have been implementing all
along?
-Samuel A. Anderson
Assistant Dean
School of Business
Administration
Bad Manners
To the Editor:
AN ITEM in Sunday's Daily re-
ported that two local book-
stores were selling John Aldridge's
new book in advance of publication
date, despite telegrams from the
publisher asking them not to.
This discourtesy had its im-
portance because the Centicore-
a bookstore in Ann Arbor, at last,
which seems to be interested in
literature-was putting in time
and expense to launch the book
on publication day with an auto-
graphing party.
These bookstores are now selling
a new book of mine under the
same seedy "circumstances. Their
impetuousness would be more un-
derstandable had they ever before
shown an interest in promoting
the books of local authors.
-Donald Hall
Professor of English
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,
NATO: Deplorable De Gaulle
L ET US CONSIDER the talk
which can be heard in Wash-
ington today that if the stubborn
old man doesn't give way we can
organize an integrated military
alliance with France left out of it.
Talk like this is an index of the
confusion which has resulted from
the confrntation between Gen.
Charles de Gaulle's initiative and
the State Department's determina-
tion to stand pat.
It is hard to take the idea ser-
iously, but if we try to imagine
such a thing as the Western Al-
liance without France, we must
assume that France would at best
be neutral in the event of war
with Russia and perhaps even al-
lied with Russia. The whole thing
would be a strategic absurdity.
For it would mean that if we
respected the rules of international
law, the NATO army, including
the U.S. divisions, would be
caught in the narrow territory
between the eastern frontiers of
Today
and
Tomorrow
By WALTER LIPPMANN
proof that we have been flabber-
gasted by the demand that NATO
be modernized.
THE CHIEF BLOCK in official
circles thinking freshly about NA-
TO is a preconception which is
quite unfounded. The preconcep-
tion is that Gen. De Gaulle is
trying to restore the past as it
was in 1914 and that he is not
moving into the future as it pre-
sents itself in Europe at the end
of the European phase of the cold
war.
Yet the key to an understanding
of what is going on about the
was organized in 1949. That NATO
belongs to a past which we have
now outlived.
The issue is certainly not wheth-
er Europe shall abandon the idea
of union and whether it retreats,
as some of our officials are saying
off the record, to the situation of
1914, when Europe was divided
into two hostile military coalitions.
THE ACTUAL ISSUE is whether
in this nuclear age the Europeans
can end the cold war among them-
selves and construct for themselves
a greater European community.
We are doing ourselves no good
by creating the general impression
that we are drifting into opposition
and obstruction to this greater
Europe. Among other benefits the
unification of Europe would carry
along with it a reunification of
Germany. There is no other peace-
able road to reunification.
SUCH A EUROPE will provide a
Sc huize: Athletic 'U'
N O ONE OBJECTS to dressing
up a University a little. Go
ahead and hire some foreign pro-
fessors. Get a couple of grants.
You can even invite communist
speakers, if you like. Do almost
anything you think will be amus-
ing.
But don't nettle the athletic de-
partment. You're perfectly free to
decorate the walls, but don't start
chipping at the plaster: you could
find yourself leading a Huron
River swim meet in the cement-
stroke event.
You know yourself that the Ath-
letic Department has repeatedly
and patiently overlooked an awful
lot. But now patience is wearing
thin, and the quick sharp edge of
resentment is starting to break
through.
Nobody's going to tolerate Jacob-
inism.
You can see, of course, where
this could end. If a lot of not-
very-bright people continue to
pester the department with unin-
vited reminders of the student
body, someone may just have to
take a walk over to Angell Hal
and lock the place up. After all. A
fad can go so far, and then it
becomes obnoxious.
The department gave these
people over there a thoroughly
fair chance. The boys sat back
quietly and held their tongues for
years on end while skinny kids in
thick glasses poured into town
with their talk about student
rights and latin and the rest
of it.
But you can understand. If the
business about open meetings and
4