'TUESDAY, MARCH 29,196b

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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Ky Facing Major Government Crisis with Bu

ddhists

By PETER ARNETT
SAIGON MP)-Premier Nguyen
Cao Ky is sliding into his first
major government crisis beset by
the twin problems that plagued
Ngo Dinh Diem and Lt. Gen.
Nguyen Khanh, the two previous
strong men in Viet Nam.
How can he keep extremists off
the streets and at the same time
retain the full backing of the
all-powerful military junta? His
survival will depend upon a judi-
cious use of power, persuasion and
tact, qualities that have never
been prominent in Vietnamese

politics. ruling group by expelling one of
For a time, the powerful back- the most powerful members, Lt,
ing of the United States that Ky Gen. Nguyen Chanh Thi, com-
enjoys seemed sufficient to shield mander of the 1st Corps area ear-
him from the vagaries of local pol- ly this month.
itics. But in this crisis, the United Ty xmona
State ca onl stand sef-cn- The explosion and the controver-
sciouslycaion hopeful hatt-ch sy within the military that it caus-
vague anti-American overtones of ed gave agitators and political op-
recent demonstrations don't build portunists the chance they want-
up. ed. Long stifled by Premier Ky's
Ky and the few generals who stand against opposition, these stu-
share the pinnacle of power in dents and Buddhist agitators took
Viet Nam brought much of the to the streets in Saigon, at Da
trouble upon themselves. Nang and at the Buddhist center
of Hue.
They exposed a crack in the The demonstrations are getting

bigger, the cries for
Ky louder.

the ouster ofI

Two hundred or more young
Vietnamese Saturday marched
from a rally of 10,000 at the Bud-
dhist Institute of Saigon's central
market in the first such street
manifestation of opposition to Ky's
government since he assumed pow-
er last June.
Police broke up a preliminary
attempt at a march by exploding
two smoke grenades, but afterward
kept hands off. They let the dem-
onstrators pass unmolested to ha-
rangue passers-by under banners

that said "Save the national sov-
ereignty" and "Bring democracy
and destroy colonialism."
In all, it never approached the
Violence of some demonstrations
that Buddhists and students have
launched here in the past.
What does the opposition want?
Premier Ky, as were his predeces-
sors, must be puzzled. The Bud-
dhists say they desire a civilian'
government and the implementa-
tion of a vague "four point" pro-
gram, including the return to Viet
Nam of all ousted generals.
The cry has been raised for early

general elections in a countrya
where at least as many people are
under the control of the Commu-
nists as are under the control of
the government. Some agitators
are complaining about U.S. bases
along the coast and in the moun-
tains, suggesting that the govern-
ment has sold out to the Ameri-
cans.
US, authorities would like Ky
to take a firm stand against the
public demonstrations.
One American view is that Com-
munists are behind much of the
agitation. The argument is made

that the list of alleged griev-
ances seems aimed more at creat-
ing confusion than solving any-
thing.
One American official comment-
ed: "Where does a Buddhist end
and a Communist begin?"
Ky is enough of a politician and
student of history to know that inI
modern Saigon firm action in the
streets could play into the hands
of the opposition by providing
martyrs. He is biding his time.
Ky may have to be firm if the
demonstrations develop. That will
test his following in the ruling

junta.
Viet Nam's generals have shown
themselves vulnerable to pressure
in the past. The agitation is much
more than the surface show of
banners and public speeches. Be-
hind the scenes the influential
Buddhists are quietly sounding out
military leaders.
Ky has attempted to mollify the
opposition with the promise of
earlier general elections for a civ-
ilian government. But he must
know that any elections held this
year could hardly be representa-
tive.


.



Goldberg Terms Peking's

Isolation
4 Says U.S.'
China Policy
In Review
Ambassador Cites
Continued Opposition r
To UN Seat for China
UNITED NATIONS (IP)-Ambas-
sador Arthur J. Goldberg said yes- t
terday any change in United States«
policy toward Communist China
depends on whether Peking is pre-
pared to end its "self-imposed
isolation."
He told a news conference that
U.S. policy toward Communist
China is under review, but there
has been no change in the U.S
position opposing its representa-
tion in the United Nations.
He expressed belief that, if a
vote were taken now, Peking would
get fewer votes than it did at the
last sessions of the General As-
* sembly.
In November, the assembly split PRIME MI
47 to 47 with 20 abstentions on two days of
the issue.
Goldberg said that the rumor of WHITE
a U.S.-backed plan to seat both
Communist China and Nationalist
China in the United Nations is
a l teuntrue and such a solution is un- oli
acceptable to either government.
Real Question
"The real questions is whether
Red China is ready to take the
path of living peacefully with oth-
er states, not interferring in their WASHING'
affairs, and pursuing a common Johnson prop
Scommitment with other states to million foun
the rule of law, which must pre- learning, adv
vail if we are to have peace," courage resea
said Goldberg.
"Now we have had no indica- In a toast a
tion of a change of attitude on the ner honoring
part of the Red Chinese. We have ister Indira
had no indication that their self- dent propose
imposed isolation is ending . American foi
"As a matter of fact, in light of the Ford and
what we read in the press about tions that ha
the Communist party congress in tional pursuit
the Soviet Union which is to take Johnson sa
place this week, the isolation of be in Indian
Red China is probably greater to- the United E
day, I would assume, than it's were accumul
evet been in the past." U.S. wheat a
He said the acid test of whether ucts sent to In
Red China is prepared to end its Johnson exi
isolation is its willingness to enter be "a lasting
into negotiations with other nu- benefit of in
clear powers on a treaty to halt in the Indian
the spread of nuclear weapons. ed it as one m
j closer uniont
U.S. Willing of India and t
He recalled U.S. Willingness tc
take part with Chinese Commu- Full details
nist representatives in planning for yet to be work
a world disarmament conference spokesmen s
He said feelers are out on that quire approva
proposal, but there has been nc government;
1 response from Peking. Congress.
White Ho
"There are no current discus- Gandhi had b
sions between North Viet Nam agreeable to
and the United States about pos- with the det
sible peace negotiations," he re- later.
plied when asked about published Mrs. Gand
reports that the United States was for two day
conducting secret talks with the Johnson. The
Communists of North Viet Nam in the White Ho
Algiers. ing after the

'Self-Imposed'

Indonesians RIGHTS WORKER
Denouncing' Federal A
Ministers Slaying of
Students Threatening HATTIESBURG, Miss. (W)-Fed-
Demonstrations over eral agents climaxed an intense
investigation into the fiery death
Sukarno Selections of a Negro leader here with the
JAKARTA (P)-Opposition crop-arrest yesterday of 13 men they
ped up yesterday against Indo- identified as Mississippi Ku Klux
nesia's new 79-member cabinet. Klansmen.
Students who sparked the ouster asI1pralwiarSt aHletwea
of President Sukarno's old cabinet Bower lWJr.,a Hntd.Th
were reported planning to demon- Bowers, Jr., was being hunted. The
strate against the new one.FI descnbed him as armed and
Kostram, an amalgamation cf The 14 were charged with .civil
various political, social, economic rights law violations stemming
educational and student organi- from the Jan. 10 slaying of Ver-
zations, issued a statement say- non F. Dahmer, 58. Dahmer awoke
ing it could not support the cab- that day and found his home and
inet announced by Sukarno Sun- nearby store in flames. He ex-

MURDER:
gents Arrest 13 in
'Mississippi Negro

-Associated Press

day.j
"The present cabinet basically
does not undergo any change to-
ward simplifying the structure of
government," the statement said
It charged the cabinet still is not
fully freed of Communist domina-i
tion and "will not be capable of
lowering prices to overcome the
country's economic difficulties."
(Tokyo Associated Press Bureau'
said yesterday that Communist.
China said its three consulates in
Indonesia were forced to close be-
cause of what it called "unreason-
able restrictions" imposed on themI
by the Indonesian government.
(It demanded the Indonesian
government lift the restrictions to
enable the Chinese consuls and
other consulate staffs reopen.)
Sukarno named General Suhartc
to the post of fifth deputy pre-
mier, in charge of foreign affairs
on the six-man Presidium he an-
nounced Sunday. General Abdu
Nasution was returned to the cab-
inet as minister and deputy su-
preme commander of the Crush
Malaya Command.
The main change in the cabinet
is the inclusion of Suharto. Other-
wise it is only a rearrangement of
the cabinet leadership announced
March 18 after Suharto dismissed
Foreign Minister Subandrio and 14,
other pro-Communist ministers.

changed shots with his attackers
but died from burns several hours
later at a Hattiesburg hospital.
Dahmer had been active in voter
registration work.
The FBI charged the 14 men
with violating a 19th century law
that makes it a crime to conspire
to intimidate persons pursuing
their constitutional rights. This
law, passed during the post Civil
War reconstruction era, was aim-
ed at the Klan of that day
The FBI also charged the men
with violation of the 1965 Voting
Rights Act, which makes it a
crime to harm or intimidate per-
sons attempting to vote or urging
others to vote.
Conviction on both charges could
bring 15 years in prison and a
$10,000 fine.
There was no indication wheth-
er Forrest County authorities in-
tended to file murder charges in
Dahmer's death. The decision
would be up to the district attor-
ney.
Those arrested in Jones County
were arraigned in Hattiesburg be-
fore U.S. Commissioner Jack Pitt-
man. Pittman set a preliminary
hearing for April 12. Their bonds
varied from $10,000-$15,000.
They were: Lafrence Byrd, 44
Laurel, ofner of radio and TV
See LIST, Page 7

-Associated Press
AN FBI AGENT leads away one of 13 arrested in rights slaying.
U.S. May Step Into
State Terror Cases

NISTER INDIRA GHANDI of India, on the left, who arrived in Washington yesterday for
discussions, converses with President ,Jhnson.
: HOUSE DINNER:
tnson Asks United States
Form Indian Foundation

TON (P) - President
osed last night a $300
adation to promote
ance science and en-
rch in India.
t a White House din-
India's Prime Mm-
Gandhi; the Presi-
d launching an Indo-
Lndation much like
* Rockefeller founda-
ve promoted educa-
s in this country.
aid the funds would
currency owned by
States. These rupees
ated in payment for
nd agricultural prod-
ndia.
pressed hope it would
endowment for the
=uiring young minds
nation." He propos-
eans of bringing intoj
he spirit and courage
he United States.
of the proposal have
ked out, White House
aid, and it will re-
4 of both the Indian
and the American
se sources said Mrs.
been consulted and is
the basic outlines
ails to be negotiated
hi is in Washington,
s of meetings with
y began their talks in
use yesterday morn-
Indian leader was

welcomed on the White House
south lawn with a 19-gun salute.
Welcoming the Indian leader on
the south lawn of the White House
the President said that "the Unit-
ed States values deeply the friend-
ship of both India and Pakistan."
His statement appeared aimed
at a meeting halfway around the
world between Pakistan's President

Ayub Khan and the visiting Chi-
nese Communist chief of state, Liu
Shao-shi as well as at the Indian
government leader.
Mrs. Gandhi, arriving for a two-
day official visit, told Johnson that
"India and the United States can-
not and should not take.each other
for granted or allow their relations
to drift."

}i
l
r
S

WASHINGTON (/P) - The Su-
preme Court yesterday ruled that
the federal government, under two
Reconstruction-era laws, could
step in to prosecute men aceused
of anti-civil rights terrorism.
The unanimous findings revived
indictments against 17 Mississip-
plans in the slaying of three civil
rights workers-Michael Schwern-
er, Andrew Goodman, and James
Chaney-and against six Georg-
ians in the highway killing of
Negro educator Lemuel Penn.
The net effect of the two deci-
sions is to strengthen the federal
government's hand when state of-
ficials refuse to prosecute. or when
such officials actually are involved
in terrorism.
Protect Travel Rights
And, the court said, even when
private individuals conspire to in-
terfere with the right to travel,
atheycanbeprosecutedunder one
of the two laws.
The court was split, however, on
approving use of the laws to prose-
cute private individuals when the
14th Amendment rights are violat-
ed.
"The 14th Amendment protects
the individual against state ac-
tion, not against wrongs done by
individuals," Justice Potter Stew-
art said in delivering the court's
opinion in the Penn case.
The decision in the Schwerner-
Goodman-Chaney case was an-

nounced by Justice Abe Fortas.
His opinion in the Mississippi case
stated:
"According to the indictment,
the brutal joint adventure was
made possible by state detention
and calculated release of the pris-
oners by an officer of the state.
This action, clearly attributable
to the state, was part of the mon-
strous design described by the In-
dictment.
Joint Activity
"State officers participated in
every phase of the alleged ven-
ture: the release from jail, the
interception, assault and murder.
It was a joint activity from start
to finish.
"Those who took advantage of
participation by state officers in
accomplishment of the foul pur-
pose alleged must suffer the con-
sequences of that participation.
"In effect, if the. allegations
are trueethey wereparticipants in
official lawlessness, acting in woe-
ful concert with state officers and
hence under color of law."
On this point, Fortas. declared.
"to act under color of law does not
require that the accused be an
officer of the state. It. is enough
that he is a wilfull participant in
joint activity with the state or its
agents."
The government obtained In-
See HIGH, Page 8

To Discuss Stalin, Viet Nam-

BEFORE ELECTIONS:
Wilson Says No British
Troops for Viet Nami

LONDON (P) - Prime Minister
Harold Wilson, scenting a big na-
tional election victory, yesterday
ruled out a role for British troops
in Viet Nam.
Three days before the British
people choose a new Parliament
Wilson pledged anew that his La-
bor government will end the Rho-
desian rebellion without the use
.of force. Dispatch of troops will
be considered, he said, only if Brit-
ish Gov. Sir Humphrey Gibbs
wants them to preserve law and
order.
At a news conference, Wilson
brushed aside as "tomfoolery" op-
position Conservative claims that
Britain, under Labor rule, has be-
come an American satellite.
Heath Charges
During the three-week elector-
al campaign, Edward Heath, Con-
servative leader, has called for less
British and European reliance on
American money, nuclear power
and political leadership.
Conservative Enoch Powell, de-
fense spokesman, suggested that
the Labor government has made
emergency plans to send a Brit-
ish token force to Viet Nam as
part of a deal to repay the Amer-
icans for any future support they
may have to provide to save the
pound against devaluation.
Although Heath disowned Pow-
ell's suggestion by labeling it "a
personal statement," Wilson was
asked to define the British gov-
ernment's position.
"I have made it perfectly clear

in Washington that there is no
question of our sending troops tc
Viet Nam," he replied.
Medical Aid Planned
He added that nonmilitary hel:
in the form of medical services
and personnel to take care of ref-
ugees is being planned. The Brit-
ish have long taken the view that
their role as co-chairman, with
the Soviet Union of the Indochi-
nese peace-making machinery
precludes military intervention.
Speaking as if Labor's return to
power after Thursday's vote, will
be a mere formality, Wilson defin-
ed his government's aim on British
membership of the European Com-
mon Market in this way:
"We shall continue to probe to
find out what conditions will be
available if we were to seek to
join."
Earlier, Heath had accused Wil-
son of evading a clearcut state-
ment of attitude toward joining
the six-nation market.
Heath faced a Herculean task tc
narrow the runaway lead all poll-
sters have given Wilsons' men
A Gallup poll in 40 critical elec-
toral districts narrowly won by
Conservatives- in the 1964 ballot e
showed Labor with a 13 percent-
age-point lead.

MOSCOW (A1-Delegates from
Communist-ruled countries - mi-
nus Red China-assembled last
night in Moscow to hear the lat-
est Soviet policy lines on Stalin;
Viet Nam, and other Communist
problems.
A leading Soviet publication,
"Problems of Philosophy," startled
Soviet elites with the warning that
another Stalin could rise to one-
man rule in Russia.
An article admitted that the
post-Khrushchev reign of Party
First Secretary Leonid Brezhnev
and Premier Alexei Kosygin had
not closed the loopholes through
which a determined can could seize
power.
The unprecedented warning
came as delegates for the 23rd
Soviet Party Congress-including
a top delegation from North Viet
Nam-prepared to hear policy
speeches laid down at the congress
starting today at the Kremlin.
In Washington, top United
States officials attach great im-
portance to the fact that North
Viet Nam is being represented at
the meeting by one of the chief
policymakers under President Ho
Chi Minh.
The mission to Moscow of North
Vietnamee Communist leader, Le
Duan, could have a significant
bearing on the future course of
the war in Viet Nam. Some Eu-
ropean Communist diplomats say
privately they believe Soviet au-
thorities will make an effort to
persuade the North Vietnamese
delegation to give serious consid-
eration to peace moves.

According to Communist sourc-
es, Brezhnev will mention briefly
both Stalin and Khrushchev.
A re-evaluation of the Stalin'
period in Soviet history has been
under way in an effort to show
that, despite Khrushchev's harsh
criticism 10 years ago of the Stal-
in era, some good was achieved
then. The present Soviet leaders
have a personal interest in this
since they were making their rep-
utations then.
There are no indications that the
Moscow-Peking dispute, which in-
volves Viet Nam and other issues
is scheduled for much discussion.
Red China rejected an invitation
to the congress. It accused the
Russians of treating China as an
enemy, so how can it "be ex-
pected to attend your congress?"
The Eastern European diplomats
speculate that with the massive
buildup of American power in
Southeast Asia the North Viet-
namese must be compelled sooner
or later to face the fact that the
conflict is going against them
and the hopes they had for vic-
tory a year ago are fading rapidly
The Soviet government was co-
chairman with Britain of the 1954
Geneva Conference and a willing-
ness on its part to join Britain
in reconvening the conference
would be a major step toward ne-
gotiations. The Soviets, however
are obviously unwilling to act
without North Viet Nam's agree-
ment and willingness to partici-
pate.

WEDNESDAY NOON DISCUSSION
THIS WEEK
features
an Arbor point of view on Arab-Israeli relations
in the Middle-East:
"THE OTHER SIDE
OF EXODUS"I

Speaker:

IMAD KHADDURI.

World News Roundup,

teaching fellow in physics, from Baghdad, Iraq
MULTIPURPOSE ROOM-UGLI-12:00 Noon
(Wednesday noon discussions have moved again-in light of the need
for a larger place this time. Next week, April 6, we will return to 2417
Mason Hall, or move again to an "under the tree" spot on the diag if
it's a warm and sunny day! Still sponsored by The Office of Religious
Affairs.)

By The Associated Press
SAIGON-United States B-52
planes dropped 52 tons of explo-
sives in a thick mangrove swamp
yesterday in support of a Marine
operation to make the Saigon Riv-
er safe for shipping.
ISTANBUL, Turkey - Gen. Cev-
det Sunay was sworn into office
yesterday as Turkey's fifth presi-
dent, succeeding President Cemal
Gursel, 70, who is gravely ill.
Gursel had been under treat-
ment at Walter Reed Hospital in
Washington. but was flown back

get a glimpse of the Chinese chief
of state.
A * a
QUITO, Ecuador - Ecuador's
ruling military junta, beleaguered
by a wave of anti-government dis-
orders that caused three more
deaths yesterday, promised last
night to step up the country's re-
turn to civilian rule.
The three-man junta announced
it will consult the political parties
to prepare a plan but gave no date.

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ANNOUNCES ITS PROGRAM OF
HONORS and AWARDS
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