TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1966
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE TEME'V'
THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAEW TWW~ - a a .aawajw
xraad3;r nir
M
Proposed Federal Department To Coordinate
Transportation
WASHINGTON (P) -.President'
Johnson is about to make another
pitch to Congress for a Depart-
ment of Transportation.
Why? Who needs another fed-
eral agency when there are 35,
already functioning in the trans-
portation field?
If you travel frequently or are
in the shipping business you al-
ready know the transportation
business is feeling the strain of a
booming economy and a rapidly
growing population.
The federal government is now
spending $6.6 billion annually on
highways, waterways, ocean-go-
ing shipping and support of air-
lines.
Just to give you an idea of what
the regulatorsy agencies are up
against there are 42 trillion freight
rates on file in Washington cov-
ering every conceivable item and
means of movement.
The private investment in trans-
portation is $140 billion.,
By 1980 the transportation
needs o fthe nation are expected
to double, assuming the economy
continues to grow at the rate of
about 4% per cent annually.
By the year 2000 the transport
needs are expected to double
again.
This doubling is not a straight
line matter in terms of costs. For
example, the assets of the nation's
railroads have a book value of $30 own conclusions on what the in-
billion. But the Department of vestment need will be in 2000.
Commerce figures that to replace In 1950 there were 52.3 million
what the railroads now own would units of transportation in the
cost $70 billion. United States - automobiles,
Need
Thus, if the need for rail trans-
port double by 1980, the total in-
vestment by that year would be
close to $140 billion-a minimum
of $280 billion by 2000 if costs
remain stable-which is unlikely.,
A guess would be that the cap-
ital investment in moving people
and goods in 1980 will be some-
where in the neighborhood of $400
billion. Double that and add what
you think will be the cost of in-
flation and. you can reach your,
trucks, railroad cars, barges, ships
and aircraft..
In 1965 there were nearly 90
million automobiles and trucks
alone choking the cities and
crowding the highways.
Developments
Over the past 65 years the world
has seen the development of two
new and major forms of transpor-
tation-the motor vehicle and the
airplane.
There are two improvements
waiting in the wings.
One is the surface-effect ship
which will skim waterways at 100i
miles an hour, the other is the
development of what is called
containerized cargoes.
Flying Shipj
The surface-effect ship will ride
on a cushion of air. While mo-
tionless it is a ship. At maximum.
speed it is an aircraft. Should
it be regulated by the Maritime,
Administration or the Civil Aero-
nautics Board?
Over the past three months
agreements have been signed in
Great Britain to begin an experi-
ment in what the trade calls con-
tainerization.
Goods are packed in standardiz-
ed packages akin to the body of a department but Congress did not huge regulatory agency, but one
big over-the-road tractor-trailer. act. pected to propose is not another
This body can be fitted onto The new department would pro- which would, among other things,
trucks ,railroad cars, barges, ships vide somebody to gather informa- law down broad guidelines on na-
and aircraft and might travel in tion on problems and then advise tional needs and then assign fed-
all these ways on a single trip. the President, especially on how eral resources to help meet them.
Since the container travels via federal funds can best be spent The present regulatory agencies,
assorted carriers, now regulated toward improving and promoting such as the civil aeronautics board
separately, which agency would transportation. and the interstate commerce com-
have jurisdiction over rates? Is it better to build more high- mission, would continue to regu-
Brief ways into cities or should mass late, but would be shorn of such
In brief, Johnson and before transit systems be improved or functions as promotion research
him Presidents Kennedy and Ei- expanded? and development.
senhower and others back to the
43rd Congress in 1875, have con-
cluded' there is a need for na-
tional policymaking machinery
and coordination. It is now becom-
ing acute. Kennedy asked 'such a
Federal Task?
Should the federal government
come to the aid of traffic-jam-
med cities by loans to municipali-
ties for parking facilities?
What President Johnson is ex-
A new department quite prob-
ably would gather to itself all
fact-finding functions and might
well become a sort of public de-
fender where mergers are propos-
ed or rate increases asked.
. .. ........ . . ...... .... ..... . ......... ....... .....
Viet
Cong
Still in
Valley,
U.S. Deficit
Cut In Half
MOSCOW TRAIL:
Russian Writers Convicted;
Allies Mop Up Stragglers
During 1965 Claim Books Harmful to State
I
t
Humphrey
Tours Laos;
Offers Aid
Gives Reassurances,
Promises To Support
Neutral Government
BANGKOK, Thailand (M-U.S.
Vice-President Hubert H. Hum-
phrey spent 12 whirlwind hours
yesterday trying to nail down U.S.
friendship in a visit to Laos and
examining key Thai development
projects.
Thee-seemingly tireless vice-pres-
ident fell so far behind his sched-
ule that he had to drop six proj-
ects from his aerial inspection
list because darkness fell.
He accomplished several objec-
tives with his 700-mile-round trip
to Vientiane, the Laotian' capital,
for a visit of only a few hours.
He restated to neutralist Pre-
mier Souvanna Phouma the U.S.
determination to hold an unswerv-
ing course of supporting South-
east Asian nations against Com-
munist encroachment.
Earlier, Humphrey had reassur-
ed the. Thais of U.S. military sup-
port. After conferences with Hum-
phrey, Foreign Minister Thanat
Khoman told a reporter: "We can
now sleep easier."
Arriving at the Vientiane air-
port, Humphrey said: "I have
come to reassure you of my gov-
ernment's pledge to work with
you" in .developing the rich re-
sources of the Mekong River Val-
ley.
Mines Kill
Civilians
On Buses,
Retailiation Is Viewed
As Result of Troop
Protection of Harvest
SAIGON (P)--U.S. 1st Cavalry,
airmobile, division troopers grap-
pled hand-to-hand with Viet Cong
guerrillas yesterday in continuing
operations around An Lao Valley
that since mid-January have kill-
ed 1,295 enemy troops and appar-
ently scattered Communist forces
entrenched there for 11 years.
Reports from the base camp at
Bong Son said in the day's close-
in fighting the U.S. troopers kill-
ed another 29 Viet Cong, boost-
ing to 703 their own kill in four
phases of the An Lao operations.
U.S. Marines, South Vietnamese
and South Koreans accounted for
the others.
About 40 miles tosthe south,
Viet Cong road mines killed 54
Vietnamese civilians and wound-
ed another 18 in a huge rice bowl
recently wrested from Communist
control by U.S. and allied forces.
The victims were in three buses
on a road 10 miles from the rice
harvesting center of Tuy Hoa.
Air Strikes
Heavy clouds limited U.S. air
strikes against North Viet Nam.
U.S. military spokesmen in Sai-
gon said Air Force and Navy planes
carried out 19 missions against
coastal installations, particularly
around Vinh, a railway and high-
Viet Narn Conflict
May Upset Favorable
Balance-of-Payments
WASHINGTON RA) - The U.S.
balance of payments made its best
showing in eight years during 1964
but the administration is watch-
ing the Viet Nam conflict close-
ly lest it reverse this favorable
trend.
MOSCOW (P)-Two.Soviet writ-
ers who smuggled books out to the
West were convicted yesterday of
spreading anti-Soviet propaganda
and given heavy sentences.
The Supreme Court of the Rus-
sian Republic sentenced Andrei D.
Sinyavsky to seven years at hard
labor. Sinyavsky published abroad
as Abram Tertz, depicting Soviet
life as brutal and corrupt.
Pen Name
Yuli M. Daniel, whose pen name
ed an equally unfavorable picture.
Sentence was imposed after a
four-day trial closed to Western-
ers.
The two defendants pleaded in-
nocent and argued that they were
entitled to artistic freedom of ex-
pression.
Judge Lev N. Smirnov, highest
ranking jurist in the Russian Re-
public, the Soviet Union's largest
republic, and his two lay assist-
ants ruled that Sinyavsky and
Secretary of the Treasury Hen- was Nikolai Arzhak, got five years, Daniel had done harm to th
ry H. Fowler said yesterday a re- also at hard labor. He had paint- country by providing material th
view of the entire balance-of-pay-
ments program may be needed if
the Southeast Asian conflict pro-'
ducesoa larsger than antpaed olinson Asks Funds
outflow of U.S. dollars for de-
fense purposes this year. -rf-4 a -
eir
hat
could be used against it. This
constitutes a crime, the Soviet le-
gal code says.
Both Married
Each man is 40, married, and
has children. Their wives were
weeping as they left the court-
room.
The court gave the full prison
sentences asked by the prosecu-
tion.
The sentences, reported by the
official Soviet news agency, Tass,
did not include exile. The prose-
cution had demanded five years
in Siberia for Sinyavsky and three
years for Daniel, in addition to
imprisonment.
Creative Instincts
The two writers denied repeat-
edly during. the trial that they
were politically motivated, insist-
ing that they wrote only to sat-
isfy their creative instincts. Siny-
avsky and Daniel were secretly
arrested Sept. 13.
The intellectual underground
spread the word of the arrest and
about 200 students staged a pro-
test at Pushkin Square in Mos-
cow Dec. 5, Constitution Day.
Three of these students are re-
ported to have been placed in in-
sane asylums as punishment.
But he said no change is plan-
ned at the moment in the admin-
istration program to keep in check
For J~ent subsidies
SHOWN HERE IS Gen. Enrique Perez y Perez, who is the new
minister of armed forces in the Dominican Republic.
DominicanSnipers
End Uneasy Peace
the flow of dollars overseas. WASHINGTON (P) - Presidentr
This Year Johnson asked Congress for thei
The 1965 deficit-the difference relatively modest sum of $30 mil-
between U.S. spending abroad and lion yesterday and fired up what
foreign spending in this country may become another major brawle
-was officially announced at $1.3 over his rent-subsidy program. 2
billion. This is the figure fore- Congress authorized the pro-
cast by President Johnson last gram in a housing bill last year1
month and is less than half the but refused to vote the funds need-t
deficit for each of the preceding ed to put it into operation after
two years. Republicans attacked it as a
"grandiose scheme" that they said
The best recent year was 1957 would benefit contractors, proper-
which produced a $520-million sur- ty owners and lending institu-
plus. tions more than the low-income
Fowler ruled out at a news sirenter.
conerece nymanatoy cn- Johnson said critics. were mis-I
conference any mandatory con- led by "false propaganda and mis-
trols to stem the private flow of E yrepresentation."d
dollars abroad. The voluntary pro-; In renewing the request yes-
gram initiated one year ago.he terday, Johnson included it in a
said, has been successful and is three-way package seeking a to-
largely responsible for 1965 im- tal of $55.88 million for the cur-
provement in the balance of pay- rent fiscal year ending June 30.
ments.;rnficlyaenigJn30
SANTO DOMINGO, Dominican
Republic OP) - Six Paraguayan
troops of the inter-American peace
force were slightly wounded early
yesterday in a hit-and-run gren-
ade attack in downtown Santo
Domingo.
Snipers also opened up in pre-
dawn darkness with a machine
gun at a U.S, jeep patrol. There
rent bill after they had put up 25
per cent of their income toward
it.
It has been estimated the gov-
ernment payments might average
around $45 a month and would be
paid only to nonprofit type land-
lords such as churches, unions,
co-ops and similar organizations.
were no casualties.
These were the latest develop-
ments, reported by U.S. and peace
force military spokesmen, in the
continuing violence in this city,I
where the death toll after five
days of disorders stood at 19.
Downtown Violence
Voluntary
Asked if the voluntary
lines might be tightened,
said "not at this point."
He said the two main in
erables are the rising bala
payments costs in Southea
in both the military and a
grams and the direct and i
impact of Viet Nam on t
mestic economy and bala
trade.
World News Roundup
By The Associated Press NEW DELHI-A Foreign Office
WASHINGTON - The United' spokesman said Humphrey's vis-I
SHasrecntyadvis-T China it to India beginning, tomorrow
States recently advised Red C had enctfomteoiia
through an ambassadors' meeting hreencyto my the orinal
in Warsaw that it was prepared to three days to a day and a half.
let Chinese Communist newsmen: The spokesman reported that
enter -the United States even besides discussing Viet Nam with
though U.S. newsmen are barred Indian government leaders, Hum-
from Red China. phrey will study the economic sit-
State Department Press Officer uation, with special reference to
Robert J. McCloskey said yester- the food shortage.
day that as far as he could de-
termine the offer "wasn't taken In Washington, the White
up" by the Chinese Communists. House announced Humphrey will
The offer was made at a meet- visit Korea on his tour. It left
ing between U.S. and Chinese en- open the possibility of other
voys in Warsaw. stops.
On orders of President Hector way hub that leads to the South
Garcia-Godoy, in a move aimed at land the Ho Chi Minh Trail in
stopping the downtown violence,
a new company of American 82nd the west across the Laotian bor-
Airborne paratroopers was or- der. The cloud cover prevented
dered into the center of Santo calculations of damage.
Domingo. This makes a total of T
330 Americans now on duty in The allied operations in the An
what once was the rebel sector Lao area were described as the
of the city. harshest punishment handed out
yet by the allies to the Commu-
Most of the capital appeared nists in an area they had held for
tightly shuttered by a nationwide a long time. An Lao Valley, 280
general strike called by ex-Presi- miles northeast of Saigon, had
dent Juan Bosch's Dominican Rev- been Communist real estate since
olutionary party and backed by December 1954, and South Viet-
left-wing extremists. The strike namese attempts to penetrate it
was hit hardest in government of- were always beaten off.
The two other items are $13.2
guide- million for the national Teachers
Fowler Corps, which also suffered a last-
minute turndown when Congress
was preparing to adjourn last fall;
mpond- and $12.68 million for helping the
nce-of- Selective Service System meet
st Asia added demands for manpower.
id pro- The program would be open to
ndirect families whose incomes are below
he do-. the levels established for public
nce of housing projects. The government
would meet the balance of their
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fices and state-owned operations,
such as the sugar industry, chief
producer of dollar revenue for
this nearly bankrupt country.
The effectiveness of the strike
outside Santo Domingo could not
be determined.
The mining of the road near
Tuy Hoa, 240 miles northeast of
Saigon, apparently was in retalia-
tion for the allied guarding of
the rice harvest, and an attempt
by the -Viet Cong to sow terror
among farm workers.
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