FRIDAY,, JANUARY 21, 2966 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE THREE Democracy Poses Problems for Dominican R egime SANTO DOMINGO (P) - Four years ago this month, Dominicans launched their first experiment in democracy after 31 years of dictatorship. Three governments later, they are still experimenting. The shad- ows of doubt are beginning to lengthen on the latest effort: a provisional government overburd- ened with unsolved and half-solv- ed problems and indecisive lead- ership. Rafael Leonidas Trujillo's dy- nasty came crashing down Jan. 7 I 17, 1962, when its caretaker, Dr. ican States five months ago, is a' Joaquin Balaguer, was deposed. direct result of the trials and er- He was removed by Gen. Rafael rors in government that have! Rodriguez Echievarria, a politic- plagued the country. ally ambitious officer, once Bala- Looking back, Dominican his- guer's champion, who installed a torians seem convinced the tran- civilian-military junta that last- sition from dictatorship to de- ed one day. mocracy in 1962 was too abrupt, A new Council of State, finally that only a breathing spell of freed of the last vestiges of Tru- more than a year could have tem- jillo's yoke, took over under the pered the spasms of antagonism. leadership of Rafael Bonnelly on These historians are no less Jan. 19. convinced now that the 9-month Today's provisional regime, cre- life dictated for the provisional{ ated by the Organization of Amer- government was a product of anI equally hasty undervaluation of such as took place this month right-wing dictatorship backed by of top Dominican army officers the forces in contention - and when the army defied a presiden- the army. will not solve a fundamental prob- that the results may be the same. tial order, arousing minor but lem. The military establishment potentially explosive violence The nearly $100 million inject- is not expected to accept the re- The feeling is increasing among among a segment of the popula- ed into the local economy since sults of the June elections if many Dominicans and foreigners tion. It has been learned that April y the Alliance for Prog- that means the restoration of that the complex nature of the President Hector Garcia-Godoy ress has hardly made a dent In Juan Bosch or his Dominican basic Dominican problem and the was on the verge of giving it all 'the jobless ranks. This is because Revolutionary party to power. bleak prospects for even an in- up during this blowup. no less than $77 million went in- The army contends that this terim settlement have sharply re- to salaries and back wages. Few may open the door to Cuban- duced the chances of promised To some Dominicans, conditions job-giving public works projects style extremism. On the other elections in June. now are identical ,if not worse, are under way. Sugar mills soon hand, left-wing extremists and to those that spawned the April will go into their seasonal period nationalists are not expected to There also are doubts the gov- revolution: rising unemployment, of inactivity, throwing more peo- take lightly to the defeat of the ernment can survive an intensifi- increasing political instability and ple out of work. party. cation of the continuing crisis, deep-rooted fears of an extreme The consensus is that removal Failure of the inter-American peace force to act more vigorous- ly against the army's seizure of a government radio station at one stage this month aroused much criticism in the city. This has giv- en rise to a feeling, particularly among left-wing moderates, that the peace force would act cau- tiously and reluctantly, if at all, against the Dominican military, if that became necessary in the future. The politically adverse reaction this would produce among other Latin - American armed forces seems to be a heavy factor. Johnson In VotiEn Anti-Castro . Asks Changes McNamara Asks More Aid For Build-up in ig, House Exiles Plan seeret Raids U.S. Official Warns Rebels of Reprisals For Illegal Attacks MIAMI, Fla. (P)-Militant exile bands say a new phase is emerg- ing in their anti-Castro campaign -resumption of U.S.-forbidden raids on Cuba, but on a coordi- nated basis. "If we can't unite, we'll coordi- nate," said Ernesto, the last of the Cuban Exile Repre'sentation-- RECE-one of three groups par- ticipating in the last announced hit and run attack against Fidel Castro's island. Until the U.S. government halted them, such raids occurred frequently. Representatives of rival anti- Castro organizations meet week- ly in secret plotting chambers in the "New Havana" section of Mi-1 -ai. "We sit at the table at the same' level, there is no leader and every group keeps its own identity, Freyre said. "Our plan is not for an occa- sional attack, but periodic ac- tion, onesactionrafter another. If we harass Castro that way, he will have less time to organize aggression against other coun- tries." Resolution to proceed in the face of the U.S moratorium on such sniping was general among leaders of half a dozen groups sit- ting in. "The United States should bless us rather than be made at us for fighting our common enemy, Communists," Freyre said. A State Department official dis- agreed. "Hit and run raids have no value, and on the contrary, they are harmful," he said. "They cause the Cuban government to take precautions that Would not be taken otherwise. Cuba can say, 'look at us, how we are being abused.' And they can cause hardships for people inside Cuba with reprisals." The official continued: "We can stop them, and we will stop them. If laws are violated, we will act accordingly." Some exile leaders said they wanted no entanglement with the United States, that they would launch their raids from bases out- side this country. The State' Department official said: "They, must involve some country, and I believe no country wants to be embarrassed this way. And exiles leaving this country must have a re-entry permit if they want to return." C a TermsWb T p .Would GiveN CongressmenN Request Coupled to Plan Abolishing Electoral CollegeS By The Associated Press N President Johnson coupled a renewed proposal to wipe out thed present Electoral College System1 in presidential elections with af formal call for lengthened House terms in Congress yesterday. n Instead of voting for electorsp who in some states can theoreti-t cally disregard the popular vote,r ballots would be cast directly for the nominee for president and vice-president.n But, as the case now, each state0 would have one electoral votet for each of its representativesT and senators, and the candidate getting the most votes would re- ceive all the state's electoral votes.I Johnson, who won six House r selections himself, said represen- tatives have to start campaign- ing for their next election almostI associated Press as soon as they take their seats resident John- in Congress. In the administration, Johnson_ nce, Mo. Later said, "we have learned that brief s. and uncertain periods in office contribute-not to the best inter- ests of democracy-but to haras- sed inefficiency and the loss of so n invaluable experience." He wants the lawmakers chosen for four-year terms, identical to those of future presidents, begin- ing, perhaps, in 1972. For a potentially skeptical Sen- ate, Johnson's proposal included resumption of a shield against election-day chal- pment aid, cut lenges from House members who ia-Pakistan war do not first relinquish their seats. ne subject John- But the Johnson plan drew po- scuss with Mrs. tent opposition, too. Rep. Eman- uel Celler (D-NY), chairman of thought in In- the House Judiciary Committee, holds that Mrs. underscored his stand against it. isit the United Ther's an off-year election possible, because coming up in November, with all al factor in feed- 435 House seats and 35 in the lion people. Senate at stake. In the past, the however, said it party in White House power has Mrs. Gandhi to almost invariably yielded some ediately on con- congressional seats in the ballot- )sition as prime ing between presidential elections. so avoid giving "It is imperative that each that the first member of the House have the an prime minis- opportunity of campaigning dur- y to Washington ing a presidential year," Johnson said in a special message to Con- -Alignment gress. He said presidential races it clear in his draw more voters than off-year ounting on Mrs. contests. ain India's non- It will take a two-thirds vote licy. of both House and Senate to send r Chester Bowles either or both amendments to the ibassador to call states. Three-quarters of the after her selec- states would then have to ratify d Johnson's mes- the amendments to put them into te interview. effect. WASHINGTON (P)--Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara asked Congress for another $12.7 billion in spending authority Thursday and said some of it may be used for a "massive ap- lication of firepower" in Viet Nam. The defense chief said the ex- ra money backing is needed be- ween now and June 30 for beef- ng up U.S. activity in the Viet Nam war and augmenting military trength elsewhere. "We have assumed, for budget- ng purposes that combat opera- ions will continue through the end of June 1967. he said. States Points In the public version of a state- ment he presented at a closed Senate committee session on the supplemental money request, Mc- Namara included these points: * Creation of another Marine division as part of the general 112,843-man increase in strength for all of the four services. * A boost in buying of ammu- nition to provide "a massive ap- plication of firepower to enhance the effectiveness of our forces and reduce casualties." * Preparation for deploying "even more forces if the Com- munists choose to expand their operations in South Viet Nam," beyond the 190,000 already in Viet Nam. Peace Hopes Shaken In other developments, Radio Hanoi jolted hopes that a more lasting peace might follow the military lull marking the advent Thursday of the Year of the Horse, successor in Oriental reck- oning to the Year of the Snake. The Red station broadcast calls of both the Viet Cong and a Communist North Vietnamese spokesman for harder attacks. "Let our whole people march forward to continually strike deadly blows at the U.S. aggres- sors, annihiliate and disintegrate many puppet troops and win greater victories," said the lunar' new year's message of the Viet Cong. Ton Duc Thang of North Viet Nam, president of the Father- land Front, urged "more and still greater successes to bring the na- tional salvation war against U.S. iet Nam imperialist aggression to early victory." Cease-fire orders-after a rag- ged start-had brought a measure of peace to Viet Nam for the lunar new year, which the Viet- namese called Tet. It arrived at midnight. In the broader field, the possi- bility of early negotiations to end the war appeared to be fading rapidly as President Johnson's public peace offensive still failed to draw any favorable response from Ho Chi Minh's Hanoi gov- ernment. World News Roundup E ye Aessociated Press BONN, Germany - A Soviet spy ring active in the industrial heart of West Germany was re- ported yesterday to have been cracked. There was speculation it might have been after nuclear se- crets. * * * WASHINGTON-Sen. Eugene J. EMnC nth (DIMinn ) lld l ac yesterday reports published over- seas that Lagos authorities had announced the death of the for- mer federal prime minister, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Information Director Cyprian Ekwensi said no announcement had been made on the fate of Balewa, who was kidnaped in the early hours of last Saturday. * * * Ji icuar ny - wmnn) caaeu yes- terday for an investigation of the WASHINGTON - Federal ex- activities of the Central Intelli- aminers were ordered yesterday gence Agency. into Birmingham, Ala., and sur- * * * rounding Jefferson County, to reg- LAGOS, Nigeria-Nigeria's mill- ister Negro voters under the 1965 tary government officially denied Voting Rights Act. The Board in Control of Student Publications wants to meet with all those interested in PETITIONING SHOWN ABOVE ARE FORMER PRESIDENT Harry S. Truman, Mrs. Truman, and Pr son during inauguration ceremonies for the Truman Peace Foundation in Independen in the day, the President urged Congress to approve two new constitutional amendment Mrs.-Gandhi Accepts John Invitation To Tour Amerti fol Hi Fi STUDIO January Sale Wed PRICE REDUCTIONS h Wd stock of .Radio, Phono, on a Wide nd Varied and Hi Fi Components 1319 S. Univ. NO 8-7942 f" r the Senior Staff of the MICHIGANENSIAN nesday, January 26 8 P.M. STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BUILDING Anyone here for three semesters is eligible to apply, so everyone come! NEW DELHI (MP)-India's new leader, Indira Gandhi, announced yesterday she has accepted an invitation from President John- son to visit the United States. She could not say when she would make the trip. Johnson messaged his good wishes to Mrs. Gandhi, pleaded "friendship and cooperation" and asked her to visit him soon in Washington for talks "on the momentous problems we both face." Follows Shastri Mrs. Gandhi's predecessor, the late Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, had been scheduled to visit the United States Feb. 1. He died Jan. 11 in Tashkent, So- viet Central Asia, after talks with President Ayub Khan of Paki- stan. President Johnson said he would be "delighted' 'if Mrs. Gan- dhi could make the visit Feb. 1, but acknowledged her pressing duties might make this difficult. Soviet Premier Alexei N. Kosy- gin also sent congratulations on her selection as India's new prime minister, and said his country is "deeply sympathetic to her prob- lems." Increased Economic Aid The Kosygin and Johnson mes- sages hinted that after she is sworn in Monday, Mrs. Gandhi can expect more than good wishes --namely increased economic aid -to help tackle India's immense problems of poverty, food short- ages, illiteracy, and exploding pop- ulation. Between them, America and the Soviet Union have provided the major share of India's foreign aid. And although there has been a struggle for the greater influ- ence here, both Washington and Moscow in recent years have had roughly the same objective: to ward off the economic chaos that would admit Communist Chinese influence. America has given India more than $6.1 billion in development aid since 1951 and has shipped food worth more than $3.1 billion. Soviet Aid Moscow's more modest effort totals somewhat above a billion. It is probable a American develor off during the Ind in September, is oz son wants to dis Gandhi. One school of dian officialdom Gandhi should v States as soon as U.S. aid is a cruciE ing India's 480 mi Other officials, would be best for concentrate imm solidating her pe minister-and al the impression thing a new Indi ter must do is fl for help. Stresses Non Kosygin made message he is cc Gandhi to maint aligned foreign po U.S. Ambassado was the first am on Mrs. Gandhi tion, and delivere sage in a 25-minu I HILLEL HEBREW CLASS Mondays, 7:30 P.M. Irah Kahneman, Instructor HILLEL SUPPER CLUB Delicatessen, etc. 5:30 P.M., Sundays 75c affiliates See Chellie $1.00 others TRYOUTS for WINTER WEEKEND CHORUS LINE ... James Bond will be there (so will Cary Grant, Ursula Andress, Paul Newman, Liz Taylor, and Richard Burton!!) I TYPES: DAT E : PLACE: Voluptuous Gals & Dashing Guys Mon., Jan. 24 TIME: 7:30 P.M. Union-Room 3B -UAC In the new bi-monthly A vivid and disturbing first-hand report: THE DESTRUCTION OF CONSCIENCE IN VIETNAM! by Marshall Sahlins Prof. Sahlins, a distinguished anthropologist, visited Vietnam representing the university teach-in movement. His 27-page account de- i .".,'.. e ' Miss J swings into spring in 'little girl' T-straps it's the latest shoe look, and she's all for it...straight back heelet, A CAMPUS TRADITION of A BAY'S CIRCLE PIN ..I. ,., : ~ - n s tn ev v lr-t0r double straps, and party vJ I