SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1965

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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UN Votes To
Allow British
use of Arms
Act on Resolution To
Guarantee Complete
Political Freedom
UNITED NATIONS (P) - The
General Assembly, over British
objections, voted overwhelmingly
yesterday for a demand that Brit-
ain use military force if necessary
to assure complete political free-
dom in Rhodesia.
By 82-9, with 18 abstentions, it
approved its second resolution in
three weeks aimed at blocking
seizure of independence by Prime
Minister Ian Smith's white mi-
nority government.
Britain's minister of state for
foreign affairs, Lord Caradon, de-
clared Britain could not conceiv-
ably accept the assembly's demand
for use of force. Such an action
could only introduce "discord and
disagreement" at a moment of ex-
treme danger in the self-governing
British colony.
Supports Britain
The United States supported
Britain, although U.S. Delegate
Eugenie M. Anderson affirmed her
country's support of freedom, jus-
tice and self-determination for
all Rhodesians.
African, Asian and Communist
countries were solidly behind the
resolution which was approved by
a slightly smaller margin of 79-
8, with 17 abstentions, in the as-
sembly's Trusteeship Committee
on Monday.
Oppose Force
The only other opposition came
from some Western and Latin-
American countries, which oppos-
ed the force clause. They said only
the Security Council could make
an appeal for resort to arms.
The resolution authorized use
of military force by Britain to
free all political prisoners, repeal
discriminatory legislation and re-
move all restraints on African po-
litical activity. In addition, it ap-
proved force to compel suspensionl
of Rhodesia's 1961 constitution and
the convening of a new constitu-
tional convention of all political
elements in the country.,

Secretary of State Dean Rusk spoke yesterday to reporters at a news conference, and said that
the U.S. struggle against Communist conquest of Viet Nam "has been progressing well" but that
he foresees severe fighting in the future. Rusk also discussed the present situation concerning the
integration of U.S. and allied forces in Europe.
RuhCites s Viewvs on European
Involveme nt, Viet Nam Conflict

WASHINGTON (P) - Secretary
of State Dean Rusk expressed his
views on U.S. and allied forces in
Europe, and on the Viet Nam
situation at a news conference
yesterday.
Clashing with French President
Charles de Gaulle, Rusk declared
that integration of forces in Eu-
rope is an operational necessity
to avoid "complete confusion at a
moment of crisis."
"We have a very substantial force
in the heart of Europe - if my
friends in Europe would forgive
me-surrounded in a sea of for-
eigners," Rusk said. "Integration

UN Demands End of
SIndo-Pakstan War

UNITED NATIONS (P) - The
UN Security Council approved a
strong new resolution on the In-
dian-Pakistan crisis yesterday but
a Soviet abstention broke the big-
power unanimity that had prevail-
* ed on the issue.
The resolution insisted that vio-
lations of the Sept. 22 cease-fire
should stop. It demanded also
that India and Pakistan meet with
a UN representative to agree on a
deadline for withdrawal of their
armed personnel to Aug. 5 pre-
crisis lines.
The council adopted it 9-0 with
two abstentions, Jordan and the
Soviet Union.
Time Limit
The Soviet Union said it ab-
stained because the resolution
failed to heed a Soviet demand for
a three-month time limit on keep-
ing UN cease-fire observers in In-
dia and Pakistan.
It also criticized the role of
Secretary-General U Thant in the

crisis. But it did not cast a veto
which would have killed the reso-
lution.
Jordan abstained because the
resolution failed to stress the need
to settle the underlying Indian-
Pakistan dispute over Kashmir.
Leaders Place Blame
Soviet Ambassador Nikolai T.
Fedorenko blamed "the United
States and others" and U.S. Am-
bassador Arthur J. Goldberg blam-
ed the Soviet Union for the lack
of unity.
Fedorenko repeated an earlier
charge that Thant broke UN char-
ter provisions in sending more
observers to the subcontinent. He
said the council itself must de-
cide everything about the observ-
ers.
"We have drawn special atten-
tion," Fedorenko said, "to the fact
that the Security Council should
set up a concrete time limit for
the presence of UN observers,
which in any event must not ex-
ceed three months."

is imposed upon us by the de fac-
to situation.
"Our responsibility for the ef-
fectiveness and the security and
the future of those forces in Eu-
rope is such that we need to know
who is going to do what, when
and where, if there is trouble."
De Gaulle, who announced
Thursday that he would stand for
a second seven-year term as pres-
ident of France, already has de-
clared-at a September news con-
ference-his determination to seek
an end to the integration of North
Atlantic Treaty Organization forc-
es by 1969, at least so far as
France is concerned.
A showdown on this issue prob-
ably will begin to develop next
year with French proposals for
reorganization of NATO. In ef-
fect, de Gaulle's press conference
in September and Rusk's response
yesterday marked the joining of
the struggle.
U.S. Strategy
While Rusk left the implied
threat of a U.S. withdrawal of
forces from Europe without de-
nial, U.S. officials say privately
that their strategy in meeting the
de Gaulle challenge does not con-
template such an outcome. On the
contrary, the United States and
other non-French allies already
have started planning for main-
taining the present NATO sys-
tem without France, if necessary.
U.S. authorities are confident
that the other allies will not fol-
low de Gaulle's lead and that
whatever pull-out occurs will be
executed by the French and not
by the United States.
The United States, in fact, is
seeking greater integration of forc-
es in NATO through the forma-
tion of a nuclear weapons force
in which Germany and any other
interested allies would become a
partner in nuclear strategy and
operations alongside this country,
Britain and France, if France were
willing.

On this issue, Rusk chided the
Soviet Union and others who con-
tend that proposals for an East-
West treaty to block the spread of
nuclear weapons should be linked
in any way with the NATO nu-
clear plan.
Also during yesterday's news
conference, Rusk reported good
progress on the Viet Nam war
front, predicted some severe fight-
ing ahead-and vigorously defend-
ed the rights of anti-war demon-
strators at home.
While making plain that he dis-
agrees with critics of the admin-
istration's Viet Nam policy, Rusk
said that in "a vigorous and thriv-
ing democracy such as ours we
must have debate and an oppor-
tunity for dissent."
Normal Processes
"I think it would be wrong for
the government to try to restrict
those opportunities in any way,"
he said. "I certainly feel very
strongly that government should
not interfere with the normal
processes of democratic discussion'
in our system."
Rusk coupled with this a sug-
gestion to the demonstrators that
they may be defeating their own
avowed aim of bringing peace to
Viet Nam.
Aggressors in the past have in-
creased their appetites through
miscalculating the amount of dis-
sent within the United States, he
said, and therefore Americans
who criticize should remember
their "voices travel beyond our
borders" and "sometimes have ef-
fects which are not intended."
As for the Southeast Asian con-
flict itself, Rusk said again he
found no evidence yet that the
Reds want a peaceful settlement.
He noted North Viet Nam has
sent more troops South, the Viet
Cong guerrillas are continuing re-
cruiting, and Hanoi has indicat-
ed an end to U.S. bombing of the
North would not lead to negotia-
tions.

Passes New
Act To Stop
Nationalists
Snith Hits Sabotage;
Says Independence
Not Point of Decree
SALISBURY, Rhodesia () -
The government decreed a state
of emergency yesterday controlling
the movement of persons through-
out Rhodesia, saying that it was
necessary to head off a possible
wave of Arfican sabotage.
Caught by surprise, British:
Prime Minister Harold Wilson met
with his top advisers in London
as speculation spread that the
white government of Rhodesia was
about to take the fateful step of
declaring independence for this
British colony.
Prime Minister Ian Smith de-
nied this, however, telling re-
porters: "When we are going to
declare a state of emergency for
a unilateral declaration of inde.
pendence we will tell you about
it."
Zambia
To the north in Zambia, how-
ever, people rushed to buy up food
and gasoline just in case. Zambia,
hostile to the Rhodesian govern-
ment, is dependent on Rhodesia
for supplies from the outside
world.
Although Smith has threaten-
ed to declare independence, when
a newsman asked him if a declar-
ation was closer he replied: "No."
He 'said he had drafted a reply
to Wilson on a proposed royal
commission to study the independ-
ence crisis but gave reporters no
inkling of what it was. The cab-
inet met to consider the reply
during the morning.
The British government is will-
ing to see Rhodesia become inde-
pendent if the African majority is
guaranteed rule eventually.
Police headquarters in Salisbury
announced that pamphlets threat-
ening the establishment of an Af-
rican nationalist government in
Rhodesia were found Wednesday
in the Bulawayo African reserva-
tion of Zilikazi.
The pamphlets read:
"If Britain does not stop its mi-
nority negotiations with Smith by
Nov. 16, 1965, the Zimbabwe Afri-
can Peoples Union will form a
government in Zimbabwe." The
union has been banned and its
leaders restricted.
Zimbabwe, taken from myster-
ious ruins thought to be about
1000 years old in the southern part
of Rhodesia; is the African na-
tionalist name for Rhodesia.
Three Months
Desmond Lardner-Burke, minis-
ter of justice, law and order, or-
dered the state of emergency for
three months. Under the order,
the government can control weap-
ons, public gatherings, public
statements and the movement of
persons.
Lardner-Burke declared train-
ed African saboteurs were at large
in Rhodesia and poised in coun-
tries to the north. This was ap-
parent reference to Zambia, for-
merly Northern Rhodesia.
"The public is, of course, well
aware of incidents of arson, viol-
ence, intimidation and other sub-
versive activities taking place in
this country at present," he said.
While roptresr said they could
not recall any recent incidents, a
government spokesman mentioned
four since Oct. 2, including two
bombings.
The spokesman said there were
"numerous trained saboteurs
sponsored by both proscribed Af-
rican nationalist organizations."

7
J
1

VIET NAM SITUATION:
Find Five Northern
Regiments in South
By The Associated Press Cambodian chief of state Prince
U.S. military authorities said Norodon Sihanouk to President
yesterday that captured documents Tito of Yugoslavia.
and the interrogation of prison- I Pince oro y Sno
ers and defectors show five regi- Tito, Prince Norodom Sihanouk
ments of Communist North Viet pointed out clearly that to solve
Nam's regular army--perhaps 7,- the Viet Nam problem it is not
500 men-are now operating in ufficient to stop bombing the
South Viet Nam. That is a rise Democratic Republic of Viet Nam.
from a tentative estimate of three Must Withdraw
regiments in mid-July. "It is known to everybody that
This was revealed after the Boi -the United States is the only one
Loi Forest, a Viet Cong stamping who has systematically violated
ground bombed three times this the 1954 Geneva agreements,
week by U.S. B-52 jets from Guam, therefore, first, the U.S. occupa-
yielded some of its secrets to tion and attacking forces must
Vietnamese patrols yesterday. withdraw from South Viet Nam,"
Nhan Dan said in its broadcast
Government troops probing the heard here.
forest, 30 miles northwest of Sai- And in Los Angeles, Sen. Robert
gon, killed one Viet Cong and freed F. Kennedy (D-NY) said yester-
10 Vietnamese soldiers from a day that to give blood to the North
guerrilla prison camp. They said Vietnamese would be "in the old-
they found a workshop containing est traditions of this country."
a generator and a store of mines, "I'm willing to give blood to
grenades, ammunition and uni- anybody who needs it," he told a
forms. news conference.
Central Highlands Gone Too Far
There was action again in the The senator said he thought:
central highlands, though the im- that opposition to this country's,
port was vague. Reports from Plei- role in Viet Nam had gone too
ku, a military headquarters, said far in some areas. But he said he
about 300 Viet Cong overran a gov- was not opposed in principle toj
ernment camp 20 miles southeast giving blood to North Vietnamese.
of that city before dawn, then "I'd rather concentrate on thej
pulled out again. South Vietnamese, and those who,
The camp's 100-man garrison need it," Kennedy said, "but I'm
was said to have fled. There was in favor of giving blood to any-
no information concerning casual- one."
ties. He was asked if he thought
U.S. Navy and Air Force planes He wa deifhstouht
hammredagan at taget onanti-Viet Nam demonstrators had
hammered again at targets on gone too far.
both sides of the border. Radio e think they have. For
Hanoi broadcast a declaration that example, where they won't let
seven U.S. planes were shot down those with opposite views speak.
in raids on North Viet Nam. Or where violence is used," he
There was no confirmation in rreplied v

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Nine Killed
Briefing officers said, however,
nine persons were killed in the
aerial collision Thursday night of
two U.S. Army helicopters 250
miles northeast of, Saigon near
An Khe, headquarters of the U.S.
1st Cavalry, Airmobile, Division.
Farther north, about 2000 U.S.
Marines and Vietnamese troops
pressed through the third day of
"Operation Black Ferret" with lit-
tle to show for their efforts.
Meanwhile, North Viet Nam has
indicated that a second pause in
the bombing of North Viet Nam
alone would not be rcognized as
a peace gesture.
Four-Point Demand
It said today the United States
must accept its four-point demand
of last April 8 before the Com-
munists would enter peace nego-
tiations. The demand includes the
withdrawal of American troops
from South Viet Nam and a halt
in U.S. air raids on North Viet
Nam.
The Communists hint of reject-
ing suggestions that a bombing
lull would lead to peace negotia-
tions was made by the official
newspaper Nhan Dan in comment-
ing on a recent letter sent by
Morrissey To
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Morrissey, a long-time friend
and political ally of the Kennedy
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World News Roundup

7



TI

By The Associated Press
JAKARTA, Indonesia - The
army-controlled newspaper Api
said yesterday the government is
drafting a decree banning the In-
donesian Communist party.
President Sukarno has been
under increasing army pressure to
ban the party, but so far has re-
sisted it. The army has suspend-
ed the Communists' political ac-
tivities but it wants a formal ban.
* * *
UNITED NATIONS-The Unit-
ed States warned yesterday it
might reconsider its pledge of $60
million to UN development ac-

port city
Cypriot
that the
charge.

of Famagusta. The Greek
government countered
facts do not bear out the

RAWALPINDI, Pakistan-Fif-
ty Indian troops have been killed
in the biggest clash so far with
Pakistani troops in the Khuiratta
sctor of Kashmir, about 150 miles
north of Rawalpindi, an official
Pakistani statement said yester-
day.
* * *
NATCHEZ, Miss. - A plan to
break a civil rights boycott by
forcing Negroes off their jobs
failed to win quick Chamber of

That's some two months after the
Department of Housing and Urban
Development comes into existence
just after midnight next Monday.
During the gap, the Texas
White House said yesterday, the
Housing and Home Finance Agen-
cy under Robert C. Weaver, a 57-
year-old Negro, will start operat-
ing automatically in the headless
new department.
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. - Form-
er Vice President Richard M. Nix-
on predicted yesterday Republi-
cans will win a minimum of 30 ad-
ditional U.S. House seats in 1966.

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