THREE THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1965 I THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE! THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1985 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAG1~ THREE Communists Split Over Indian Crisis) IMMIGRATION: { Senate Passes Bill To Reject By PRESTON GROVER Associated Press Staff Writer MOSCOW-The recent crisis for India and Pakistan was also a crisis for the Soviet Union; it in- terfered with the country's role as the historic instigator of Com- munist revolution. In practice and in theory, Com- munist operators do best in areas threatened with disintegration be- cause of economic crisis or war, and the Indo-Pakistan clash promised to provide both. A unit- ed Communist world could have asked nothing niter. J Soviets Unable To Profit But when' the disintegration threatened, the Soviet Union was in a poor position to profit from it. Red China had the best chance. Soviet leaders had to go into re- verse gear and vote with Western powers to quell the disorder. Even the most optimistic In- diansscould hardly look with hap- piness on a wasting war, despite their haunting desire to whip Pak- istan. War would inevitably have strained the central government mechanisms holding the country together. Twice the government has had to step into the Kerala area of southwest India to take control away from local Commu- nists. A united Communist world, of say 20 years ago, could have sought nothing better than to sup- port Kerala, and other separatist movements in Southeast- Asia or in similar areas where the coun- try is held together by the thin- nest kind of glue.' Pakistan is in little better po- sition. It is divided geographical- ly in two sections a thousand miles apart, with the true Pakistan in the northwest-the ancient cen- ter of Moslem influence. In the east section, a separatist move- ment has long been evident. The people are Bengalis, basically of the same stock as the great Hin- du masses on all sides of them. A united Communism might have taken advantage of these factors. But the Communist world is no longer united. Red China has led the aggressive faction away, leav- ing the Soviet Union siding with the West in a peacemaking effort that, if finally successful, could keep the Indian subcontinent out of Communist hands indefinitely. The Red Chinese are already crying that Soviet leaders have betrayed revolutionary Commu- nism. The prosperity of the individual Soviet citizen lags behind that of East Europeans, and a revolution- ary zeal is therefore a measure higher. But the Soviet Union it- self is committed to a course of creating greater comforts for its population. Money for farms now is approaching the level of money for defense and space exploration. Correspondents who return after being out of the country a year or so find the atmosphere here changed. The Soviet Union is looking inward more than before, to its food shelves, to its cloth- ing stores, to its household ap- pliance factories 'making washing machines, refrigerators, radios and television sets. The Soviet Union will try to continue to hold up the banner of support for wars of "national liberation" in Africa, in Latin America, and Asia, but the big show-down has already arrived. The Red Chinese shout revolution, while the Russians press for peace. What the long-range effect of this may be can only be sur- mised. But at an important hour, the Soviet Union sided with the West, and helped to quiet an area where Communism alone could have profited from a war. National Origin Quota System i i i UEx etToIndia-Paki stan 'MekongHitt uperviseCivilians s _... ! , 4 $ .. "Look, Ayub, I've only got two hands!!" Peace Both Nations Concede To tUN Request World Shows Relief As Troops Withdraw To Meet Deadline By The Associated Press The United Nations sped about 30 military men to Pakistan to- day to supervise a scheduled cease- fire and a' requested withdrawal along the line where the two countries have been fighting since early August. The cease-fire took effect at 3:30 a.m., Indian time, today - 5 p.m. (EST), yesterday - in the India-Pakistan war that had threatened to engulf Asia. Stop Shooting Hours before the scheduled time for the end of hostilities military radios crackled out orders to troops of India and Pakistan to stop the shooting in accordance with the agreement reached by the United Nations Security Coun- cil in New York early Wednesday. There were no immediate re- ports of violations of the cease- fire. But a few hours before the deadline, India accused Pakistan of bombing the Sikh holy city of Amritsar early yesterday and kill- ing 42 civilians there. Serious Violation In a letter to UN Secretary- General U Thant, Ambassador G Parthasarathy termed the report- ed attack a "serious and dastard- ly violation" of the truce agree- ment. Amritsar, the Golden Temple city of the bearded Sikhs' religious sect, is in Punjab State near the western front. As the truce hour approached the United Nations rushed abou 30 military men to India and Pak istan to supervise the agreemen and the requested withdrawa' along the line where the fightin has raged since early August ove control of the divided state o Kashmir. A wave of relief swept man world capitals at the belligerents abolsh-acceptance of the Security Coun abolish- cil order. But Red China, trucul t to an- ent as ever, continued to attac country the United Nations, the Unite melting States and the Soviet Union. rett M. With the cease-fire agreemen one of finally achieved, both India an fled the Pakistan are expected to press th United States to restore suspend Ellender ed aid programs. be will- The loss of military aid b ion en- both countries, coupled witha freeze on projected new aid com e mitments, was evidently a majo re lim-source of pressure on both na not to tions to find a way to end th and the fighting. be phas- Devastating Conflict eriod. U.S. officials felt the cease-fir edy (D- came because both countries ha bill on come to recognize they faced a po illronetentially long and devastating con ants by flict which might lead to genera a total war in Asia-depending on wha Communist China did. (D-NC), Chinese. harassment of Indi amend- with a war of nerves, which wa nisphere, intensified within the last wee. South was designed probably for the im cent in mediate purpose of assisting Pak istanby creating a diversion o atens to India's China border. If the Chinese had encountered weakness in India's resistance o - ' - in the readiness of the Western powers-perhaps even the Sovie Union-to support India, the: might have pressed on into an active border campaign agains India. Will, nnn117 Fall in RLaid1 Killing on Both Sides: U.S. Loses Aircraft, Navy Destroys Boats -SAIGON (P)-Viet Cong guerril- las hit two towns in the Mekong delta yesterday with mortar at- tacks and killed or wounded. 26 civilians, a U.S. military spokes- man reported. The ground action came as U.S.i B-52's plastered suspected Com- munist installations 25 miles north of Saigon in their eighth raid in nine days. Other U.S. planes struck bridges and boats in North Viet Nam. The Viet Cong lobbed mortar shells into the towns in Dinh Tuong Province 50 miles southeast of Saigon and overran an outpost in the same province, the spokes- man said. Government defenders of the outpost suffered heavy losses, he added. The Communist guerrillas also struck another nearby Vietnamese outpost, caus- ing light casualties. Government troops later retook both posts and ' killed two Viet Cong, he said. Exchanged Fire In the central highlands, troops of the 1st Cavalry Division, Air- borne, exchanged fire for 10 min- utes with a Viet Cong unit probing p the defense perimeter of the new- ly established base of the "Fly- ing Horsemen" at An Khe, 260 miles north of Saigon. The Army's 101st Airborne Bri- gade, in the same area, reported sporadic fire with the enemy. The B-52's, which earlier this week concentrated on targets in the Communist-infested Mekong delta, struck yesterday in Binh Duong Province north of the cap- ital. Heavy Ground Fire Under, security regulations, no assessment of the B-52 strike was given. But pilots of 16 Navy planes from the U.S. 7th Fleet, carrier Midway reported destroying two boats and heavily damaging sev- eral bridges in raids over North Viet Nam. The pilots said they met with heavy ground fire but all planes were reported to have t returned safely. On Monday, six " U.S. aircraft were downed by Red gunners and two others fell when 1 they collided. In other developments: r -Elements of the U.S. Army f 173rd Airborne Brigade, probing dense jungle 'near Benjeat, 40 miles northwest of Saigon, found ' an abandoned Viet Cong field hos- pital and seized medical supplies - before destroying the facility and k a network of tuinels around 'it. d The U.S. troops, who have been trying to clear the area since Sept. t 14, reported nine Viet Cong killed d in the latest sweep. e y a r 7X35 CF dC COATED BINOCULAR Complete with Genuine Leather Case WASHINGTON MP)-The mili- tary buildup for the Viet Nam conflict brought a Pentagon call yesterday for the draft of 1,979 doctors, dentists and veterinarians in January. It is the first request to the Selective Service for dentists and vetererinarians since the Berlin crisis in 1961. The 350 dentists and 100 vetererinarians requested will all serve in the Army. The Defense Department ask- ed for the drafting of 1,529 doc- tors-949 for the Army, 260 for the Navy and 320 for the Air Force. This is the second medical draft call this year. On Jan. 7 the De- fense Department asked for 851 doctors, but this was raised to 950 on Jan. 28 and then to 1,085 in June. The previous doctor draft call before that was in January of 1964, for 1,050 doctors, and this was raised to 1,175 by July. All the medical drafts were re- quired, the Pentagon said, because not enough medical school grad- uates are volunteering. Men who are deferred from the draft to complete their education are sub- ject to being called into service after completing their internships. Calls for doctors have been is- sued periodically since the start of the Korean War some 15 years ago. Explaining this newest draft' quota, the Defense Department annoucement said: "The call is necessary, to pro- vide the health services required for the increase in the active arm- ed forces strength announced in July by President Johnson." President Johnson approved then a 340,000-man boost in the armed forces, to a new total of nearly three million. This brought a jump in general draft calls to 36,450 for November, double what it was a couple of months ago- with the Navy and Marine Corps having to rely on it for the first time in many years. Marriage was eliminated as grounds for deferment, if the mar- SEN. ALLEN . ELLENDER, left, and Sen. Everett Dirksen, right, dispute the newly-passed immigration bill. t C,. t a fl riage ceremony was after midnight Aug. 28. The veterernarians who are be- ing drafted will be used chiefly for meat inspection. Few animals are left in the services, with the horse cavalry gone, but the services do use dogs for sentry and other pur- poses. A Selective Service spokesman said the doctors, dentists and vet- erernarians who will be drafted probably will be mostly between the ages of 26 and 35. MILITARY DRAFT: Pentagon Issues New Call- Doctors, Dentists, Vets 'WASHINGTON (T) - The na- tional origins quota system was rejected yesterday as the Sen- ate passed an .immigration bill, but a rousing squabble still looms on the emotion-laden issue. By a 76-18 vote, the Senate cli- maxed days of debate on the ad- ministration-pushed changes for foreign-born seeking permanent U.S. residence. The national origins quota sys- tem has been the foundation of immigration policies for 41 years. Under it, nations are assigned quotas on the basis of the ori- gins of the U.S. population in 1920. . Favoritism Critics claim this gives one- sided favoritism to northern and western Europeans over other peoples-of the world. Of the 158,561 present annual immigration quota, 'Figland, Ire- land and Germany bAve an over- whelming share. The Senate bill provides an an- nual quota of 170,000, an increase of 11,439, for non-Western Hem- isphere immigrants, with no more than 20,000' from any single na- tion. It sets a ceiling of 120,000 a year for Western Hemisphere na- tions, an over-all total with no country-by-country limitation. Spouses, children and parents of U.S. citizens are exempt from the numerical quotas. The fight is expected to come in a conference over the Senate's restriction of unlimited entry from Western Hemisphere nations, a move rejected in the House. Fought Origins System President Johnson, as did his three predecessors, urged scrap- ping of the origins system. His administration fought the Western Hemisphere ceiling in the House bill, but not in the Senate for fear the whole bill might be en- dangered. This limitation is the major dif- ference between the two congres- sional bills and is expected to pro- duce the sticking point in the con- ference to settle on a final version. Throughout, emotion underscor- ed debate. Johnson said the origins sys- tem doesn't jibe with the basic American tradition of asking "not where a person comes from but what are his personal qualities?" Many who argued forE ing this method could poin cestors who came to the which many dubbed "the pot of the world."' Republican Leader Eve Dirksen of Illinois was those yesterday who cal origins system outmoded. Opposing, Sen. Allen J.I (D-Ala), said he would. ing - to suspend immigrat tirely for five years. Three-Year Chang The Western Hemisphe tation on immigration is take effect until 1968,a origins quota system will b ed out over a three-year p Sen. Edward M. Kenne Mass), who managed the the floor, figured it wille the number of immigra about 60,000 annually to of about 355,000. Sen. Sam J. Ervin, Jr.t author of the limitation ment for the Western Hem said immigration from America increased 40 per the last 10 years. 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