Seventy-Sixth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Where Opinions Are Free. 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. NEWS PHONE: 764-0552 Truth Will Prevail Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: LAURENCE KIRSHBAUM Further Study Is Needed Before A Ruling on High-Rises I The Future: Revolution as a Life Style WTH JUST A FEW MORE concessions to developers, Ann Arbor can inaug- urate a new breed of slum planning. There would be no traditional tene- ment-ghetto style slum: cramped, poorly built, noisy, and unhealthy. Instead, there would be a more idealized student-quar- tei slum: cramped, poorly built, noisy, and unhealthy. A new class of buildings would arise, each one infringing on the other's air rights. They would be modernized fire hazards, equipped with the latest appli- ances. This is not unlikely. Basically, well-de- signed, roomy housing is more expensive than inadequate housing, and real estate developers know this. By meeting only the minimum standards and aiming for maximum density, they can contribute to dark, crowded and noisy conditions. But builders cannot be blamed for this situation. They cannot be expected to champion any interest except their own. And in attempting to gain income from their developments, they contend with high material, labor and land costs. IN SERVING their interests, developers will build to meet demand. There are three basic groups capable of setting specifications for that demand: the Uni- versity, Ann Arbor citizens and the City Council. The University, as one of these three groups, has avoided voicing approval or granting aid to developers as a matter of policy. As a formal policy, avoiding such in- volvement is sound. Best interests are served when, through free enterprise, de- velopers are compelled to meet demands through their own efforts, without the benefit of University aid. Furthermore, it would be dangerous if the University had power to regulate developments. The University, by the force of its name, would be a valuable asset to any project, and through its power to regulate student affairs, its dis- approval would end participation in any project. While the University is not directly involved in promoting off-campus hous- ing projects, it does have indirect but undeniable influence when it acts on mat- ters of student welfare. It has control of off-campus housing through its formal approval power. It de- cided last year, for instance, where many students would be allowed to live when it granted junior women permission to live outside dormitories but only in Uni- versity-approved structures. The University also can and does channel its authorities and resources into planning study. The University further projects through its unofficial influence. Supervision Needed THIS WEEK another documentation of the schizoid handling of American foreign policy was brought before the public. Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew finally got Washington to ad- mit, after repeated denials, that a Cen- tral Intelligence agent offered him a $3 million bribe to keep quiet about an abor- tive CIA attempt to penetrate Singa- pore's intelligence organization. The main point of this incident is that the CIA's cloak and dagger operations are continually carried out independent of the control of foreign policy making arm of the government, the State De- partment. Such independence leads to conflicts in programs between these two organizations, and the result is a vacil- lating and sometimes contradictory for- eign policy. In this case, the CIA managed to alien- ate a foreign government through its in- trigues at the same time that the State Department was hoping to use Singapore as a bulwark against the rising power of Red China and Indonesia. Thus in some cases uncoordinated efforts of the CIA may thwart the intention of State De- LOCAL PUBLIC OPINION, the second of the forces affecting high-rise condi- tions, is in transition. Citizens have in the past expressed disapproval of stu- dent behavior, and have considered the student body a student market, valuing it only for its buying potential. The community however, has finally begun to realize that what is bad for students in housing, is bad for Ann Arbor. Citizens have begun to be indignant at proposals of crowded housing and poor ,parking facilities. They are becoming concerned enough with their city to abandon their animosity toward students. Through their votes, voice and power as spenders, they can force demands on de- velopers. In fact, Ann Arbor citizens are almost ready to realize that much of what they consider student-created nuisance is a function of poor living conditions. CITY COUNCIL is the third force in- volved, yet it does not always act wise- ly, as was the case when it met last Mon- day to consider a particular case of the general high-rise issue. At that time, it waived its 18-story height limitation or- dinance and granted developer Peter Kleinpell a building permit for a 26- story structure. Council understands the technical real estate theory involved in high-rise plan- ning. Indeed, Council deliberately sought this knowledge when it founded a study committee in October, 1964. No council- man expressed disfavor with the com- mittee's report. Members, rather, have shown approval with both the work of the committee and its findings. Yet Council still permitted the 26-story building to go up, a most disheartening action in view of its probable understand- ing of what good housing should be. IT KNEW that developer Kleinpell's 1000 per cent ratio of usable floor area to lot space was an extraordinarily high fig- ure for his structure, and repeatedly said no. It also knew that the streets border- ing the site were too narrow to permit effective traffic dispersal. It did act to demand parking, but this might have been a decoy to turn empha- sis from major issues. The ordinance it waived dealt with height, not parking, and matters of height and crowding alone should have been considered. Council can ask a builder to revise his plans. Council did ask Kleinpell to consider changing the design of his de- velopment, either by changing his plan or eliminating some stories. However, again, it neglected or forgot to pursue this mat- ter. By forgetting to stress some impor- tant questions, it succeeded in avoiding some vital, if difficult issues. THE MONDAY MEETING was almost melodramatic. As the discussion near- ed the vote, one could ask, "how long can Council suppress the facts of crowding in an over-intensified structure? Can it stay tied up with parking until the vote, or will the cavalry rush in with the floor- area ratio in time to stop approval?" But Council held out, and Kleinpell has his building permit. Certainly, issues necessary for consid- eration before enactment of a new high- rise, code are complex enough for much more study. One would hope that the challenge isn't too big for the City Coun- cil. Until that code is passed, Council has exclusive power to grant relief from its 18-story ordinance. Thus it can act to- tally against the nature of the report and sentiment it is working from. It did Monday. ANN ARBOR has one high-rise, Univer- sity Towers. Councilmen are not proud of the congestion in and out of the build- ing. Now they have allowed another such building to be built with flaws of the same nature. There is rumor that two more high-rise planners will seek Coun- cil's approval. Thus, Ann Arbor could soon have from two to four high-intensity apartment buildings contradictory to the general standardm n the hig-h-ris einstdv IN THE CURRENT issue of Hori- zon magazine, Alvin Toffler talks about "The Future as a Way of Life," and the concept of "rev- olution" is incorporated into that future as a normal characteristic of what Kenneth Boulding would call "post-civilization." While many cringe at the real- ization that the United States is now less revolutionary than im- perialist, it can still be said with some truth that the Americans started it all in 1776. The Ameri- can Revolution is historically a clear-cut break in terms of the establishment of democratic ideals and the adoption of the doctrine of progress. Some of the root implications of those philosophies are just now coming to be explored and under- stood, for progress implies change, and one would think that the more progress and hence change there is, the better. But, while society has changed, the develop- ment has until now remained evo- lutionary and the tempo of change has left individual lives largely untouched. The future will be dif- ferent. AS TOFFLER SAYS, "the mood, the pace, the very 'feel' of exist- ence, as well as one's underlying notions of time, beauty, space, and social relations, will all be shak- en," and constantly shaken. Now, "Change is avalanching down upon our heads and most people are utterly unprepared to cope with it." Similarly a commit- ment to democracy is just now be- ginning to bear full fruit-in Ala- bama and Mississippi, in the fed- eral poverty program and in SDS community organization projects. Action programs such as these have as their goals fundamental reconstructions in the social struc- ture, changes that would be label- ed revolution in any other time or place. They are resisted, cer- tainly, sometimes violently, and from just about every corner of the Establishment, but their growth in size, numbers and in- tensity testifies to the inevitability of their eventual impact. CHANGE, continuous and liter- ally earth-shaking (plans for mov- ing half a mountain with atomic devices in order to relocate a sec- tion of the Santa Fe Railroad are well advanced), is upon us and traces back to the doctrine of progress so boldly advanced in 1776. Most people would say, "But I'm used to it. Look at every- thing I've lived through." But how many times has their way of life really changed? They have prob- ably lived with the same type of living arrangements-a house or apartment, bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen-almost since they were born. And few remem- ber the horse and carriage days very vividly; people organize their lives around their work much as they always have and students still look forward to living their lives down much the same ruts their parents did. THERE ARE going to be some surprises. Consider the lower class bread- winner who loses his job to auto- mation. He is totally unequipped to deal with a whole new set of circumstances in his life. Thrown out of a social role into which he has laboriously managed to fit himself, he becomes totally alien- ated and lost. The rug has been pulled out from under him, all Michigan MAD By ROBERT JOHNSTON the stable relationships he has built up between himself and so- ciety have been drastically chang- ed or even severed. These sudden shifts in the bases of one's life, Toffler says, will soon become commonplace for everyone. A malaise he calls "fu- ture shock," comparable to cul- ture shock, will become wide- spread. With values in constant flux, "with a different set of cues to react to and different concep- tions of time, space, work, love, religion, sex," we will face "the prospect of dislocation far more subtle, complex and continuous than any we have known." THERE ARE many examples of how the bases on which we now build our lives are going to start shifting underneath us with in- creasingly disturbing speed. * The work ethic, one of the absolutely basic conceptions in the Western social structure, is rapidly becoming outmoded. In the United States the agricultural revolution has advanced to such a point that 10 per cent of the population produces all the needed food and then some, and the figure may be five per cent before too long. Likewise, the percentage of the population needed to run the na- tion's industry and the white col- lar group serving it is rapidly de- clining and could conceivably end up around 10 per cent as in agri- culture. While the only other cate- gory of work, the service field, is taking up the slack now, the trend will inevitably be to dras- tically shorter hours per week, and new orientations for peoples' lives will be needed. * It's fun to muse, among aca- demically reactionary professors. over what might happen to edu- cation. You can look at a crowd of them packing into the Haven Hall elevator, the door closing, and imagine them being whisked, en- capsuled, to an upper floor-a notion that would have been un- thinkable to their predecessors. Is it so far out to imagine a time when students will be put into similar capsules for an hour or two at a time, and their minds filled from various machines and with ingenious devices with knowl- edge and understanding, render- ing some of our professors un- employable? ! And there is urbanization, the growth and development of which are becoming staggering. As plan- ning techniques and procedures improve, planners, aided by com- puters, will be telling us much better ways of organizing and running them. People may do what work they have to do at home, using sophisticated com- munications techniques to "keep in touch with the office." 0 Toffler points out how the "line between man and machine is growing increasingly blurred." He asks, "What happens to the def- inition of man when one's next- door neighbor or oneself may be equipped with an electronic or mechanical lung, heart, kidney, or liver, or when a computer system can be plugged into a living brain? "How will it 'feel' to be part protoplasm, part transistor?" For- tune magazine says that such man-machine "cyborgs" are not far off. * Boulding has spoken of the immense implications of the bio- logical revolution. Immortality may be possible. 0 We have had for some time instant communication due to electronics. We now have vir- tually instant searching of large masses of data for pertinent in- formation with computers. Team- ed with communication, we are able, for instance, to take down a car's license number on one end of a bridge, feed it to a computer, and arrest the driver for an ob- scure driving violation committed a year or two before on the other end of the bridge. * A recent science magazine carried an article on the incidence of citations in scholarly articles. The author shows that a very few articles constitute by far the bulk of the cited material, material that can be linked together into a web of science that effectively constitutes the cutting edge of scientific development. Some more studies on that order and a lot of researchers may go out of busi- ness, with the remaining ones used much more efficiently. TOFFLER'S POINT is that we're not prepared and that revo- lutionary change will ruin us if we can't adapt. Making revolution a way of life is going to be 'an exhilerating process, but it is im- portant to keep in mind what is happening. It is important that we enlarge our thinking a little bit so we don't get giddy from restricted vision. Said the White Queen in Through the Looking-Glass, "It's a poor sort of memory that only works backwards." 4 ^±1 4 Viet Nam Al-mOut Diplomacy Needed EDITOR'S NOTE: The folhw- Ing is the lead editorial in the current issue of the New Re- public. MORE AND MORE of the bru- tal and brutalizing Asian-style fighting is devolving on young American soldiers, and there are about half-a-million homeless and hungry refugees in South Viet Nam, whose population is only 14 million. The reeling and exhausted South Vietnamese army twitches to commands of a military junta, but most of the people have no notion who is in charge in Sai- gon, nor do they much care. About half of them live in areas the Viet Cong controls. Not long before he was assassi- nated, President Kennedy stated his opinion that the government in Saigon could not win the war unless it managed to get popular support. There have been many governments there since, none has had that support, and at this late date mass enthusiasm is not like- ly to be generated by the arrival in Viet Nam of a CIA expert in popular revolutions-Edward G. Lansdale of Philippines fame. Saigon's military leaders de- pend on the army, an army now sagging in defeat, and are su- premely uninterested in the civil- ians. THOUGH THE U.S. initially en- tered South Viet Nam only to "advise," advice is about the least- valued American conmodity in Saigon. The South Vietnamese prime minister, Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, has just taken time out to visit Formosa, though the Stat' Department strongly urged him not to. There, wearing a gleaming white uniform, Ky proposed to Chiang Kai-shek "an alliance of anti- Communist nations in Asia to fight North Viet Nam and China." He boasted that he was ready to "win the war" now that the poli- tical situation in Saigon was "sta- bilized." H. isn't. and it isn't. The blunt trultn is that con- tinuation and, it possble, fur- ther escalation of the fighting is the only hope for the Saigon offi- cer class. They have muddled too much, intrigued and conspired too much, estranged too many people for there to be any future for them In a South Viet Nam that is re- stored to peace. MLany of them know it, and when things get too hot they'll flit to sanctuaries they have waiting for them in France and Switzerland where their bank accounts will ensure that they do not starve like South Viet Nam's refugee, Meanwhile, what have they to lose in trying to extend the war? The U.S. weld have to do most of the fighting; the Saigon offi- cers could go on wearing white uniforms. It's a gambler's throw of dice with someone else's chips asthe stakes. BUT IN WASHINGTON last week a different sort of gamble was in the making, having noth- ing to do with Marshal Ky's alli- ance to fight North Viet Nam Anr9Minn rnmizfla, e +a toward peace." It would be a step Why should there not be a halt, now, to the bombing of North Viet. Nam and of the villages in South Viet Nam suspected of harboring Viet Cong units? Very little would be lost in do- ing so; the bombing of North Viet, Nam has failed to force- Hanoi to the conference table, and the bombing of wretched jungle vil- lages seems only to make more civilians homeless; the elusive Viet Cong slips away. American troops who fight on the ground have occasionally man- aged to make the guerrillas stand and fight-and die-but mostly our men have wound up their for- ays as the abashed captors of old men, women and children, inhab- iting villages to which the Viet Cong returns soon after the Amer- icans leave. COULD NOT the President like- wise privately inform the secre- tary-general of the United Nations and other relay channels of his readiness to accept a cease-fire, "here .ond now," while pledging U.S. support for a new provisional government in the South that. would include the National Liber- ation Front? It would clarify matters too were the President to make even more expliciteU.S. endorsement of a phased withdrawal of all out- side military forces in South Viet Nam, and to repeat his construe- tive promise of some months back, that the U.S. is prepared to con- tribute economic and technical as- sistance for the enormous tasks of reconstruction a settlement will permit. Neither side can be expected in advance of formal talks to dot every "i" and cross every "t." But vague generalities no longer suf- fice. IF A SUSTAINED diplomatic initiative of the kind suggested here is made, and is then rebuffed by the other side, the line of march can be predicted. This mis- erable war will drag on and on, to the satisfaction of no one- except possibly some officials in Saigon and Peking. -Associated Press U.S. SOLDIERS at Da Nang Air Base In Viet Nam hold services for their dead from recent fighting. The toll-18 killed. U.S. diplomats are now pursuing diplomatic methods to end the war there. to the United Nations, Arthur Goldberg, was equally emphatic: "We are talking about a peace that should be negotiated here and now. Here and now." The U.S. is willing, Mr. Johnson had earlier said, to confer with Hanoi or "any government" concerned; the pres- ence of the Viet Cong at such talks would not pose an "insur- mountable" problem. That would appear to satisfy in part the complaint voiced last spring by the secretary-general of the National Liberation Front, who told George Chaffard of L'Express that, "what we reject is a con- ference which doesn't includeus ...The foreign powers should content themselves with express- ing suggestions, with ratifying the agreements reached among Viet- namese, and with guaranteeing its execution." Chaffard's own conclusion, after an extensive journey in "enemy territory" was that, "it is to the men of the NLF, who are fighting, that one should offer an alterna- tive, not to Hanoi which is con- tent merely to aid them." s - AID from the North has, of course, increased since Chaffard's visit-as has American aid to Sai- gon; and more than aid. The war is quickly and dangerously be- comiqi an American war against Asians, not a war between Asians. Heretofore, U.S. policy had been to insist on pegging peace talks to Hanoi, on the theory that the Viet Cong are puppets whose strings are pulled by North Viet Nam. Hanoi similarly scoffs at Saigon as the puppet of Wash- ington. American experience with its "puppet" suggests that the Viet Cong may well have wills of their own, a possibility that has been acknowledged by Secretary Rusk: by listening to what comes out of Hanoi-for a provisional coalition in South Viet Nam made up of representatives of South Viet Nam's Buddhists, Catholics, Mon- tagnards, resident Chinese and Cambodians and other minorities as well as the leaders of the NLF. And looking further ahead, Secre- tary Rusk declares that, "we are prepared for elections in South Viet Nam to determine what the people of that country want in terms of their own institutions." The U.S. is not going to pull out its forces as a precondition for talks; this must be understood by the National Liberation Front. Nor could there be an immediate, to- tal U.S. withdrawal. From time to time, however, spokesmen for the Front have hinted that a phased disengagement would do, and Washington has more than once stated repeatedly that even- tual withdrawal is desirable. "We have no interest," Secre- tary Rusk says, "in military bases or permanent military presence in Southeast Asia." "If aggression ceases from the North," Ambas- sador Goldberg says, "our activi- ties in South Viet Nam will like- wise cease." The gap between what is tol- erable to the United States and to its foes in Viet Nam narrows, though a fruitful diplomatic dia- logue has yet to begin. WHAT MORE could the U.S. do to persuade the other side to begin talking "here ond now?" Accord- ing to McGeorge Bundy, "we would be willing to consider cessation of the bombings if it were a step A A To Succeed, You Have To Try By PETER R. SARASOHN F I HAD A NICKEL for every time I heard the question "What is college?"-I would un- doubtedly be a millionaire. I can remember the problems I had as a freshman adjusting to the Uni- versity environment-trying my darndest to be cool and also de- voting sufficient time to the books so that I could remain the follow- ing year. Union Madness comes but once a year and it is identical each time: 120 degree temperature and 500 too many people in the Union Ballroom, allowing one square foot per person in which you can do a variety of interesting things such as dance, converse with another unfortunate who occupies a square font nerhv lnnk at the beautiful- ly at the Union Madness. SETTING: The Union Lounge. I am reading on one of the couches as a freshman (all dressed in his newly bought finery) enters and sprawls next to me with a de- jected and forlorn look clouding his face. "I hate college! I hate college! I hate college! I hate colloge! (sob, sob)," he cries. "Why?" (I asked him because I couldn't read with him there, screaming.) "I went up there to the ball- room," he says, "and (sob) there wasn't one girl free that I could ask to dance (sob)." I found this very hard to be- lieve knowing approximately the numbers that show for such a if he gave up college, who knows what might happen. Wanting to do my country a service, I at- tempted to save him. I said, "Hey!" He said, "What?" "They aren't really with those guys because they want to be with them," I said. Really?" he answered. "Yea, they have to be with them for a while.because they walked them from their dorms but ac- tually they want to be asked to dance by other guys," I said. "You're kidding," he said. "No, really! They want you to ask thei" "You're serious?" "I'm serious." "They really want me to ask them to dance!" A 4